CN110865172B - Soil test method for determining emergency compaction construction parameters of soft plastic modified soil replacement foundation - Google Patents
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Abstract
A test method for determining emergency construction parameters of a soft plastic modified soil foundation is a method for determining emergency construction parameters of a high-water-content modified soil replacement foundation by using a soil test method. The emergency treatment of the softened soil foundation by applying the high-water-content soft plastic modified soil replacement method is a new method for foundation treatment, and no simple and convenient method for determining construction parameters exists at present. The invention provides a simple, visual, rapid and accurate geotechnical test method for determining construction parameters such as proper moisture content, proper wet density, interval time of layered construction and the like of the soft plastic modified soil for emergency compaction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil test method for emergency compaction construction parameters of modified soil, in particular to a soil test method for determining emergency compaction construction parameters of a soft plastic modified soil foundation for replacement.
Background
When the foundation soil is saturated silty soil and silty clay, the soil body is easy to become soft soil which is soft-molded to a flow-molding state after construction disturbance, the shearing strength is extremely low, the compressibility is large, and the foundation cannot be used as a foundation of a shallow foundation without treatment, so that the foundation which is saturated silty soil and silty clay which are soft-molded to the flow-molding state due to the construction disturbance is called as a soft soil foundation disease. The high-rise real estate construction is carried out in the first-level terrace or wetland range of rivers in urban areas in south China, shallow foundations are often adopted for the skirt building parts, and a bearing layer is often composed of silty clay and a silty soil layer on the upper portion of the first-level terrace. Silty clay and silt soil layers below the underground water level are disturbed by foundation pit excavation and anti-floating anchor rod construction machinery, a soft plastic to flow plastic soft soil layer with the thickness of 1m-2m is formed on the surface layer of the foundation, and accordingly soft soil shallow foundation diseases are formed, and the soft soil shallow foundation diseases are particularly formed in places with construction and drainage difficulties in rainy seasons. The method for treating the soft soil shallow foundation diseases by adopting a spoil soil replacement method is a traditional method for treating the soft soil shallow foundation. With the increasing attention of the country to environmental protection, in addition, rainy seasons in the south are always continuous in rainy days, the spoil replacement filling method construction is carried out under the construction condition of rainy seasons in large and medium-sized urban areas in the south, so that the problems that the transport distance is long, spoil fields and soil taking places are difficult to find exist, soft plastic and fluid plastic state soil transported in the urban areas is easy to pollute the environment, spoil is difficult to find, and fine and nice weather required by the replacement filling construction is difficult to find exist, so that the defects of poor environmental protection, high cost, long construction period and the like exist in the process of carrying out soft soil superficial layer foundation treatment by the spoil replacement filling method, and the spoil replacement filling method is difficult to be accepted by owners and construction parties. Therefore, the new method for the replacement emergency compaction construction by using the soft plastic modified soil method has the advantages of economy, environmental protection and reliable quality, and is approved by owners and construction parties in actual engineering.
According to the conventional filling compaction construction method, the modified soil material in a soft plastic state can be converted into the soil material in a hard plastic state only by repeatedly turning and drying the modified soil material, and then compaction construction is carried out, so that the construction time of a replacement and filling implement worker is greatly increased, and the aim of emergency compaction construction cannot be achieved; on the other hand, the construction of rapid compaction is difficult to realize due to the fact that fine weather suitable for tedding is difficult to find in rainy seasons. Therefore, how to quickly transform the fluid plastic state and plastic state softened and modified soil into a shallow foundation with certain bearing capacity and low compressibility through quick replacement and filling, and selecting proper construction parameters such as compaction water content, compaction density, layering construction interval time and the like becomes a key technical problem of success or failure of construction. At present, the problem cannot be solved through theoretical calculation of soil mechanics, and the problem can only be solved through construction tests in actual engineering. However, the field construction test not only wastes time and labor, but also increases the foundation treatment cost and prolongs the emergency construction period. Therefore, a simple soil test method for determining construction parameters such as suitable water content for filling soft plastic modified soil, suitable wet density, layering construction interval time and the like is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The method for performing the filling emergency compaction construction of the soft plastic modified soil to treat the disease of the soft soil shallow foundation is a construction method which combines solidification and compaction, can realize the rapid compaction construction of the soft plastic state and the plastic state soft modified soil, and has the advantages of high construction speed and low cost, thereby achieving the purposes of performing filling construction on the soft soil foundation with good economy and environmental protection, simple and convenient construction and high speed.
The essential technical problem to be solved by the construction test is to find out the required foundation strength of the fluid plastic and plastic softening modified soil with high water content under the conditions of water content and density within the allowable time of emergency construction, so that the main technical problem to be solved by the invention is to find a simple test method for determining construction parameters such as the appropriate water content for filling the soft plastic modified soil, the appropriate wet density, the interval time of layered construction and the like to replace a construction test method which is time-consuming and labor-consuming. Therefore, according to the basic rule that the consistency of the cement modified soil in the flow plastic state is increased along with time under the condition of certain water content and can be gradually changed from the flow plastic state into the plastic state and the hard plastic state in a short time, the invention designs the geotechnical test method for determining the emergency compaction construction parameters of the soft plastic modified soil foundation by the aid of the test method that the consistency of the soil can be distinguished through the cone falling test.
The invention provides a soil test method for determining the emergency compaction construction parameters of a soft plastic modified soil replacement foundation, which has the following key points:
1. the cone method is a method for measuring the non-drainage strength of cohesive soil. For the same cone test, the non-drainage strength of soil is only related to the penetration depth of the cone, and the deeper the cone is, the lower the non-drainage strength is, and the non-drainage strength is related to the water content of the soil, namely the cone falling depth is related to the water content. According to GBT 50123-2019 'Standard of soil test sample method', the water content corresponding to the penetration depth of the 76g cone of 2mm is the plastic limit omega of the soil p Only when the depth of the falling cone is less than 2mm, that is, the water content of the soil is less than the plastic limit omega p In time, the foundation soil is in a semi-solid state, which can meet the continuous construction condition. The invention provides a soil test method for determining the emergency compaction construction parameters of a soft plastic modified soil foundation for replacing and filling the foundation based on a cone instrument method test in combination with the technological characteristics and the construction technical requirements of the emergency compaction construction of the soft plastic modified soil foundation for replacing and filling the foundation;
2. preparing a falling cone test sample according to 2 times of ash doping process characteristics adopted in the emergency compaction construction of the soft plastic modified soil replacement foundation under a simulated working condition;
3. according to most advanced stageThe relationship curve of the soft plastic modified soil sample cone falling depth and the curing time can be fitted by a quadratic curve formula 1 through repeated test analysis, so that the shortest curing time t of the test min Can be firstly determined according to the depth h of the falling cone 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 Along with the curing time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 The quadratic fitting curve obtained by the scattered point connecting curve is shown as formula 1. On the other hand, through the analysis of the relative change rule of the observation points of the falling depth of different curing times, in the process of increasing the strength of the soft plastic modified soil along with the time, when the strength reaches the time limit, namely before the 76g cone penetration depth is less than 2mm, the relative increase speed of the strength is higher, scattered points meet a quadratic fit curve, and when the strength reaches the time limit, the relative increase speed of the strength is slower, but the strength still cannot be reduced, but is only slowly increased, so that the change trend of the scattered points of the section does not meet the quadratic fit curve, but the scattered points are fitted according to a quadratic fit curve formula, and the vertex of the scattered points is taken as the shortest curing time t min The analysis and calculation basis can still meet the engineering requirements, and for the sake of simplicity, the shortest curing time t min The parameters obtained by the formula 1 are still taken and determined according to the calculation of the formula 2;
h i ＝a i t 2 +b i t+c i 1
in the formula: h is i - -the depth of the falling cone (mm) of the fitted curve;
t- -maintenance time (min) of fitting curve
In the formula: t is t min The shortest curing time (min)
4. Selecting compaction construction parameters: on one hand, according to the requirements of emergency construction on the construction period, 2 layered compaction constructions must be completed in one working day, and the shortest maintenance time t is determined min The requirement of interval time of layered construction can be met only when the time is less than 180min, namely t min At depth h of falling cone 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 With maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 The scatter diagram of (a) should be located at the left end of the abscissa control line of t =180 min; on the other hand, the strength requirement of the compaction machine on the construction layer can be met only when the modified soil layer is in a hard plastic state, so that the falling cone depth of the modified soil layer is less than 2mm, namely t is t min At depth h of falling cone 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 Along with the curing time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 Should also be located at the lower end of the h =2mm ordinate control line in the scatter diagram; comprehensively, the condition for selecting the emergency compaction construction parameters by using the cone falling test is as follows: t is t min At depth h of falling cone 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 With maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 Should be located in the region formed by the abscissa control line and the ordinate control line, i.e. satisfy t simultaneously min <180min and depth of cone falling h i <Under the condition of 2mm, the water content omega and the wet density rho of the test sample are respectively taken as the proper water content and the proper wet density for the emergency compaction construction of the soft plastic modified soil replacement foundation, and the shortest maintenance time t is taken min The time interval of layered construction for the emergency compaction of the soft plastic modified soil replacement is shortened.
According to the construction application example of the invention for softening the soil foundation in the Zoeberg project in Changsha, the invention has the advantages of simple operation, time and labor saving, and the construction parameters determined by the test can timely and accurately guide the construction practice, and is particularly suitable for determining the construction parameters of the soft plastic modified soil emergency compaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the depth h of the falling cone and the curing time t.
Specific test methods
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for determining high-water-content method filling compaction construction parameters of modified soil by using a soil test method, which comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) Taking soil materials: taking 20kg of softened powdery clay with high water content to be constructed and approximate to a flow-plastic state as a test soil sample;
(2) Mixing ash and stuffing for the first time: pressing the collected near-flow plastic powdery clay through a 0.5mm soil sieve by hand, taking a soil sample under the sieve, weighing the required cement according to the designed first cement mixing ratio, and uniformly stirring the weighed cement and the test soil sample; finally, filling the test modified soil material which is uniformly stirred for the first time into a test cylinder, covering the test cylinder with wet cloth, and standing for 24 hours;
(3) Mixing the ash for the second time: weighing the required cement according to the designed second cement mixing ratio, and then uniformly stirring the weighed cement and the test soil sample which is stood to finish;
(4) Measuring the water content omega of the modified soil test sample after the modified soil is mixed with ash and stirred for the second time, and pressing part of the test soil sample into a large-ring cutter to measure the wet density rho of the test soil sample;
(5) Loading test sample cups in the 1 st group: taking 200g of modified soil test soil sample which is subjected to secondary ash mixing and stirring, loading the modified soil test soil sample into a soil containing cup in a layered mode, pressing the modified soil sample into the soil containing cup forcibly to enable air to escape, scraping the modified soil sample to be flush with the edge of the cup after the test cup is filled with the modified soil sample to serve as a 1 st sample cup sample of a 1 st group test, then manufacturing 2 nd and 15 th sample cup samples of the 1 st group test according to the same method, and covering the 15 sample cup samples which are subjected to sample preparation by using wet test paper;
(6) And (3) testing: taking the 1 st sample cup of the 1 st group of tests, placing the sample cup on the base of the instrument, and determining the depth h of the falling cone according to the steps 5 and 6 of GBT 50123-2019 'geotechnical sample method Standard' 9.2.2 0 And recording the cone falling time T 0 Then the test of the 1 st sample cup in the 1 st group test is completed;
(7) After the 1 st sample cup of the 1 st group test is tested for 10 minutes, the 2 nd sample cup of the 1 st group test is taken to be tested according to the step (6), and the falling cone depth h is measured 1 And cone falling time T 1 ；
(8) Repeating the step (7) until the test of the rest 13 test cup samples in the 1 st group of tests is completed, and sequentially measuring the depth h of the falling cone 2 、h 3 …h 14 And cone falling time T 2 、T 3 …T 14 ；
(9) Calculating the curing time t i ：t i ＝T i －T 0 ；
(10) Drawing a curve: drawing the falling cone depth h of the first group of 15 test cup samples 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 And maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 The scatter plot line of (1);
(11) First set of test shortest curing time t min And (3) calculating: the falling cone depth h of the first group of 15 test cups is determined according to the quadratic fitting curve 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 And maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 Fitting the scattered points to obtain a quadratic fitting curve formula of the first group of tests, wherein the quadratic fitting curve formula is as follows:
h i ＝a 1 t 2 +b 1 t+c 1 3
in the formula h i - -the depth of the falling cone (mm) of the fitted curve of the first set of tests;
t- - -curing time (min) of the fitted curve of the first set of tests;
obtaining a fitting coefficient of a fitting formula 3 according to the quadratic fitting curve 3 of the first group of tests and according to the shortest curing time t min The first set of trial minimum maintenance times obtained by the calculation of equation 4 is:
(12) Selecting compaction construction parameters: when the shortest curing time t is calculated from the formula 4 min <180min, and the falling cone depth h calculated by the formula 3 i <At 2mm, then t min Falling in the suitable area range 5, taking the water content omega and the wet density rho measured in the step (4) as the suitable water content and the suitable wet density of the soft plastic modified soil replacement foundation emergency compaction construction respectively, and taking the shortest maintenance time t obtained by calculation of the formula 4 min Layered construction for soft plastic modified soil replacement emergency compactionThe interval time;
(13) If the shortest curing time t is not satisfied at the same time min <180min and cone falling depth h i <Under the condition of 2mm, stirring and tedding the sample prepared in the step (3) for 4 hours according to the frequency of stirring and tedding once per hour;
(14) Repeating the steps (4) to (12), testing 15 sample cups of the 2 nd group of samples, and correspondingly obtaining the falling cone depth h of the 15 sample cups of the 2 nd group of samples 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 With maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 The scattered point connecting line curve 2 and the quadratic fitting curve 4, a new quadratic fitting curve formula with a formula form shown as formula 3 is obtained according to the quadratic fitting curve 4, and the shortest curing time t is calculated according to the formula form of the formula 4 by adopting the parameters obtained by the new quadratic fitting curve formula min (ii) a If the shortest curing time t min Falls in the suitable area range 5, namely, simultaneously satisfies the shortest curing time t min <180min and cone falling depth h i <Under the condition of 2mm, selecting the water content omega and the wet density rho obtained by repeating the step (4) as the proper water content and the proper wet density for the soft plastic modified soil replacement and filling foundation compaction construction, and taking the corresponding shortest maintenance time t min The interval time of layered construction for the filling and compaction of the soft plastic modified soil;
(15) If the shortest curing time t is not satisfied at the same time min <180min and cone falling depth h i <Under the condition of 2mm, continuously repeating the step (13) and the step (14) until the shortest curing time t min Satisfy t min <180min and depth of falling cone h i <2mm, respectively obtaining the proper water content, the proper wet density and the layering construction interval time of the emergency compaction construction of the soft plastic modified soil foundation for replacement and filling according to the relevant requirements of the step (14).
Claims (1)
1. A test method for determining the construction parameters of the emergency compaction of the soft plastic modified soil foundation for changing and filling the ground has the following test steps:
(1) Taking soil materials: taking 20kg of softening powdery clay with high water content to be constructed and approximate to a flow-plastic state as a test soil sample;
(2) Mixing ash and stuffing for the first time: pressing the collected near-flow plastic powdery clay through a 0.5mm soil sieve by hand, taking a soil sample under the sieve, weighing the required cement according to the designed first cement mixing ratio, and uniformly stirring the weighed cement and the test soil sample; finally, filling the test modified soil material which is uniformly stirred for the first time into a test cylinder, covering the test cylinder with wet cloth, and standing for 24 hours;
(3) Mixing ash for the second time: weighing the required cement according to the designed second cement mixing ratio, and then uniformly stirring the weighed cement and the test soil sample which is stood to finish;
(4) Measuring the water content omega of the modified soil test sample after the second time of mixing with the ash and stirring uniformly, and pressing part of the test soil sample into a large-ring cutter to measure the wet density rho of the test soil sample;
(5) Loading test sample cups in the 1 st group: taking 200g of modified soil test soil sample which is subjected to secondary ash mixing and stirring uniformly, loading the modified soil test soil sample into a soil containing cup in a layering manner, pressing the modified soil sample into the soil containing cup forcibly to enable air to escape, scraping the modified soil sample to be flush with the edge of the cup after the test cup is filled with the modified soil sample to be used as a 1 st sample cup sample of a 1 st group test, then manufacturing 2 nd and 15 th sample cup samples of the 1 st group test according to the same method, and sealing the 15 sample cup samples subjected to sample preparation by using wet test paper;
(6) And (3) testing: taking the 1 st sample cup of the 1 st group of tests, placing the sample cup on the base of the instrument, and determining the depth h of the falling cone according to the steps 5 and 6 of GBT 50123-2019 'geotechnical sample method Standard' 9.2.2 0 And recording the cone falling time T 0 Then the test of the 1 st sample cup in the 1 st group test is completed;
(7) After the 1 st sample cup of the 1 st group test is tested for 10 minutes, the 2 nd sample cup of the 1 st group test is taken to be tested according to the step (6), and the falling cone depth h is measured 1 And cone falling time T 1 ；
(8) Repeating the step (7) until the test of the rest 13 test cup samples in the 1 st group of tests is completed, and sequentially measuring the depth h of the falling cone 2 、h 3 …h 14 And cone falling time T 2 、T 3 …T 14 ；
(9) Calculating the curing time t i ：t i ＝T i －T 0 ；
(10) Drawing a curve: drawing the falling cone depth h of the first group of 15 test cup samples 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 And maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 Curve 1 of the scatter plot;
(11) Minimum curing time t for the first set of tests min And (3) calculating: cone falling depth h of 15 test cups of the first group of tests according to a quadratic fitting curve 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 And maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 Fitting the scattered points to obtain a quadratic fitting curve formula of the first group of tests, wherein the quadratic fitting curve formula is as follows:
h i ＝a 1 t 2 +b 1 t+c 1 3
in the formula h i -the depth of cone fall (mm) of the fitted curve of the first set of tests;
t- -curing time (min) of the fitted curve of the first set of tests;
obtaining a fitting coefficient of a fitting formula 3 according to the quadratic fitting curve 3 of the first group of tests and according to the shortest curing time t min The first set of trial minimum maintenance times obtained by calculating equation 4 is:
(12) Selecting compaction construction parameters: when the shortest curing time t is calculated from equation 4 min <180min, and the falling cone depth h calculated by the formula 3 i <At 2mm, then t min Falling in the suitable area range 5, taking the water content omega and the wet density rho measured in the step (4) as the suitable water content and the suitable wet density of the soft plastic modified soil foundation replacement and filling emergency compaction construction respectively, and taking the shortest maintenance time t obtained by calculation in the formula 4 min The interval time of layered construction for the emergency compaction of the soft plastic modified soil replacement;
(13) If t is not satisfied simultaneously min <180min and depth of cone falling h i <Under the condition of 2mm, stirring and tedding the sample prepared in the step (3) for 4 hours according to the frequency of stirring and tedding once per hour;
(14) Repeating the steps (4) to (12), testing 15 sample cups of the 2 nd group of samples, and correspondingly obtaining the falling cone depth h of the 15 sample cups of the 2 nd group of samples 0 、h 1 、h 2 …h 14 With maintenance time t 0 、t 1 、t 2 …t 14 The new quadratic fitting curve formula shown in the formula 3 is obtained according to the quadratic fitting curve 4, and the shortest curing time t is calculated according to the formula of the formula 4 by using the parameters obtained by the new quadratic fitting curve formula min (ii) a If the shortest curing time t min Falls within the suitable region range 5, i.e., satisfies t at the same time min <180min and depth of cone falling h i <Under the condition of 2mm, selecting the water content omega and the wet density rho obtained by repeating the step (4) as the proper water content and the proper wet density for the soft plastic modified soil replacement and filling foundation compaction construction, and taking the corresponding shortest maintenance time t min The layered construction interval time for the filling and compaction of the soft plastic modified soil;
(15) If t is not satisfied yet at the same time min <180min and depth of cone falling h i <Under the condition of 2mm, continuously repeating the step (13) and the step (14) until the shortest curing time t min Satisfy t min <180min and depth of falling cone h i <2mm, respectively obtaining the proper water content, the proper wet density and the layering construction interval time of the soft plastic modified soil for the emergency compaction construction of the foundation for replacement and filling according to the relevant requirements of the step (14).
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