CN110864093A

CN110864093A - Reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number subtracting device

Info

Publication number: CN110864093A
Application number: CN201911071234.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲海涛; 王毅
Original assignee: "TIANJIN WUYI ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT Co LTD"
Current assignee: "TIANJIN WUYI ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT Co LTD"
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-03-06

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number reducer, which is characterized in that: the middle shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, one end of the middle shaft is connected with the first-stage external gear in a key mode, the first-stage external gear is meshed with the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear, and the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is supported on the shell through a bearing; the output shaft is supported on the shell through a bearing, the output end of the output shaft is in keyed joint with a rocker arm, an output rod is sleeved on the rocker arm in a sleeved mode, and the output rod is pushed by the input rod to achieve up-and-down reciprocating movement. Has the advantages that: through the output of the multi-stage residual gear transmission pair, the reciprocating motion with a large reduction ratio is realized.

Description

Reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number subtracting device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number reducer.

Background

Reciprocating mechanisms have numerous applications in mechanical devices, such as plunger pumps, stamping devices, and the like. Generally, the reciprocating prime mover is a rotary motion converted by a crank and rocker mechanism or the like. In order to reduce the speed of reciprocating motion, the scheme adopted at present is that a prime motor is connected with a speed reducer, and the speed is reduced and then converted into reciprocating motion through a crank rocker mechanism. The transmission mode can meet the application of most occasions. In some special cases, for example: the plunger pump for filling lubricating oil for equipment, the counter for reciprocating transmission and the like, wherein the reciprocating mechanism needs lower stroke number at the moment, and the requirements are difficult to meet according to the structural characteristics of the conventional speed reducer. The volume weight of the reducer increases greatly with the increase of the transmission ratio, and is not economically feasible. The number of times a reciprocating mechanism, such as a pump piston, reciprocates in a barrel per minute is called the stroke number. The number of times of input reciprocating motion in unit time is called input impulse number, the number of times of output reciprocating motion is called output impulse number, and the ratio of the two is called ratio. In the above special cases a wide range of ratios is required, e.g. 1:300, 1:1000, even 1:3000, etc., which conventional decrementers cannot meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number reducer in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the reciprocating motion with a large reduction ratio is realized through the output of a multi-stage residual gear transmission pair.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme in order to realize the aim, and the reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number reducer is characterized in that: the middle shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, one end of the middle shaft is connected with the first-stage external gear in a key mode, the first-stage external gear is meshed with the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear, and the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is supported on the shell through a bearing; the output shaft is supported on the shell through a bearing, the output end of the output shaft is in keyed joint with a rocker arm, an output rod is sleeved on the rocker arm, and the output rod is pushed by the input rod to realize up-and-down reciprocating movement; the outer circle of the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear is provided with a ratchet wheel, the input rod pushes the pawl to drive the ratchet wheel to rotate, and the ratchet wheel drives the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear which is integrated with the ratchet wheel to rotate, so that a power mechanism of a residual gear transmission pair is formed.

The shell comprises a bottom plate, an intermediate plate, a top plate and supporting cylinders, wherein the bottom plate, the intermediate plate and the top plate are sequentially connected through the supporting cylinders arranged at four corners and screws to form the integral shell.

The rocker arm is provided with a round hole, the output rod is in sliding fit with the round hole, and the output rod is sleeved with a compression spring.

The power mechanism of the residual gear transmission pair comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a sliding block and a spring, wherein the pawl is hinged with the sliding block through a pin shaft, an axial spring 20-1 is installed on the pin shaft 20-2, the pawl 20 is kept in contact with the ratchet wheel 19 through the axial spring, the other end of the sliding block is connected with a pin through a pin shaft 21-3 fixedly connected to a bottom plate in a pin mode, a reset spring is hung on the sliding block, a conical surface is arranged at the axial position of an input rod corresponding to the ratchet wheel 19, an inclined surface key block 16-1 is inlaid on the conical surface, the input rod penetrates through a bottom plate hole, a middle plate hole and a top plate hole, and the.

The bottom plate 18 of the shell is provided with another pawl pair consisting of a ratchet wheel 19 and a pawl 22 which are used for preventing reverse rotation, the pawl 22 is hinged on the bottom plate 18 through a pin shaft 24, the pin shaft 24 is provided with an axial spring 23, and the pawl 22 is pressed by the axial spring to keep contact with the ratchet wheel 19.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention realizes reciprocating motion input and reciprocating motion output, has large reduction ratio range from hundreds to thousands under the condition of the same series, can also increase the series to realize larger reduction ratio, and meets the most reciprocating transmission requirements needing large reduction ratio by using a simple structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the open top panel of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the ratchet set of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the input lever;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a one-stage internal tooth type counter gear meshing with a one-stage external gear.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shell, 1-1 parts, a supporting cylinder, 2 parts, a first-stage internal tooth type residual gear, 3 parts, a first-stage external gear, 4 parts, a bearing, 5 parts, a second-stage internal tooth type residual gear, 6 parts, an intermediate shaft, 7 parts, a top plate, 8 parts, a second-stage external gear, 9 parts, a bearing, 10 parts, an output shaft, 11 parts, a rocker arm, 12 parts, an output rod, 13 parts, a compression spring, 14 parts, a pin shaft, 15 parts, a tension spring, 16 parts, an input rod, 16-1 parts, a slope key block, 17 parts, a bearing, 18 parts, a bottom plate, 18-1 parts, an intermediate plate, 19 parts, a ratchet wheel, 20 parts, 22 parts, a pawl, 20-1 parts, an axial spring, 20-2 parts, a pin shaft.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments provided in accordance with the present invention is provided in conjunction with the preferred embodiments:

the invention discloses a reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number reducer, which comprises a shell 1, a primary internal tooth type residual gear 2, a primary external gear 3, an intermediate shaft 6, a secondary internal tooth type residual gear 5, a secondary external gear 8, an output shaft 10, a rocker arm 11, an input rod 16, a ratchet wheel 19, a pawl 20 and a sliding block 21, wherein the intermediate shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, one end of the intermediate shaft is in keyed joint with the primary external gear, the primary external gear is meshed with the primary internal tooth type residual gear, and the primary internal tooth type residual gear is supported on the shell through a bearing 4; a second-stage internal tooth type residual gear is connected to the intermediate shaft in a key mode, the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear is meshed with a second-stage external gear, the second-stage external gear is connected to an output shaft in a key mode, the output shaft is supported on the shell through a bearing, the output end of the output shaft is connected with a rocker arm in a key mode, an output rod 12 is connected to the rocker arm in a sleeved mode, and the output rod is pushed by the input rod to move up and down in a reciprocating mode; the outer circle of the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear is provided with a ratchet wheel, the input rod pushes the pawl to drive the ratchet wheel to rotate, and the ratchet wheel drives the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear which is integrated with the ratchet wheel to rotate, so that a power mechanism of a residual gear transmission pair is formed. The shell comprises a bottom plate 18, an intermediate plate 18-1, a top plate 7 and supporting cylinders 1-1, wherein the bottom plate, the intermediate plate and the top plate are sequentially connected through the supporting cylinders arranged at four corners and screws to form the integral shell. The rocker arm is provided with a round hole, the output rod is in sliding fit with the round hole, and the output rod is sleeved with a compression spring.

Preferably, the power mechanism of the residual gear transmission pair comprises a ratchet wheel 19, a pawl 20, a slider 21 and a pull spring 15, the pawl is hinged to the slider through a pin shaft 20-2, an axial spring 20-1 is mounted on the pin shaft 20-2, the pawl 20 is kept in contact with the ratchet wheel 19 by the axial spring, the other end of the slider is in pin joint with a pin shaft 21-3 fixedly connected to a bottom plate, the pull spring 15 is hung on the slider, a conical surface is arranged at an axial position of the input rod corresponding to the ratchet wheel 19, an inclined key block 16-1 is embedded on the conical surface, the input rod penetrates through a bottom plate hole, a middle plate hole and a top plate hole, and the top of the input rod pushes the output rod.

Preferably, the bottom plate 18 of the housing is provided with another pawl pair consisting of a ratchet wheel 19 and a pawl 22 for preventing reverse rotation, the pawl 22 is hinged on the bottom plate 18 through a pin 14, the pin 14 is provided with an axial spring 23, and the axial spring presses the pawl 22 to keep contact with the ratchet wheel 19.

Examples

The transmission route is expressed as follows: the reciprocating motion of the input rod pushes the sliding block to rotate through the inclined key block, the sliding block drives the pawl to push the ratchet wheel to rotate, the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear coaxial with the ratchet wheel drives the first-stage external gear to rotate, then the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear is meshed with the second-stage external gear to rotate and drive the rocker arm to rotate, the rocker arm is provided with an output rod capable of reciprocating motion, when the output rod and the input rod are located at the same axial position, the input rod pushes the output rod to output reciprocating motion, and finally reciprocating motion with large reduction ratio is achieved.

Description of the construction

Referring to fig. 4 in detail, the input rod 16 is a part for inputting reciprocating motion, passes through the bottom plate hole and the middle plate hole of the reducer, is provided with a conical surface at the axial part corresponding to the ratchet wheel, and is embedded with a bevel key block. When the input rod reciprocates, the inclined key block pushes the sliding block to rotate along a pin 21-2 fixed on the bottom plate, thereby pushing a pawl 20 hinged with the sliding block 21 to move. The middle part of the sliding block 21 is provided with a pin 21-1 which is hinged with a tension spring 15 fixed on the bottom plate 18. The slide block is always kept in contact with the inclined surface of the key block 16-1 through a tension spring 15. The pawl 20 is hinged with the sliding block 21 through a pin shaft 20-2, and an axial spring 20-1 is arranged on the pin shaft 20-2, so that the pawl 20 is always in contact with the ratchet wheel 19, and the ratchet wheel 19 is pushed to rotate. On the bottom plate 18, there is also provided another pawl 22 which prevents the ratchet wheel 19 from rotating in the reverse direction. The pawl 22 is hinged on the bottom plate 18 through a pin 14, an axial spring 23 is arranged on the pin 14, and the pawl 22 is pressed to be always kept in contact with the ratchet wheel 19. The structure is the power mechanism of the residual gear transmission pair. The ratchet wheel 19 and the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear 2 form an integral structure, the ratchet is arranged on the outer circular surface, and the gear is arranged on the inner circular surface. The first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is a gear in which most of teeth are removed from an internal gear and only a few teeth are left. The remaining number of teeth can be set according to the ratio requirement and is called a residual gear. The number of teeth of the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear and the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear is 1-5. The number of teeth of the residual gear is 3 in this embodiment. The shape of the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is a stepped shaft shape, and a stepped small shaft part is arranged on a bottom plate 18 through a bearing 17. The first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is meshed with the first-stage external gear, the first-stage external gear 3 and the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear 5 are installed on the intermediate shaft 6, and the intermediate shaft 6 is installed on the intermediate plate 18-1 and the top plate 7 through the pair of bearings 4. The second-stage internal-tooth type residual gear 5 has the same structure as the first-stage internal-tooth type residual gear 2 and is meshed with a second-stage external gear 8. The two-stage external gear 8 and the rocker arm 11 are mounted together on an output shaft 10, and the output shaft 10 is supported on the top plate 7 through a bearing 9. The other end of the rocker arm 11 is provided with a hole, an output rod 12 passes through the hole of the rocker arm 11 and can slide along the axis in the hole, and a spring 13 is arranged between the output rod 12 and the rocker arm. The top plate 7, the intermediate plate 18-1 and the bottom plate 18 are integrally connected by the support cylinder 1-1.

Decrementer embodiment:

ratchet external diameter 60mm, the ratchet number of teeth is 60, and the incomplete gear pair of internal tooth with the ratchet is corresponding full number of teeth and is 60, only remains the number of teeth and is 3, and the number of teeth of the full gear of one-level external tooth is 21, and the incomplete gear pair of second grade internal tooth corresponds full number of teeth and is 84, only remains the number of teeth and is 4, and the number of teeth of the full gear of second grade external tooth is 24. Through calculation, the number of input pulses is 5760 times/day, the number of output pulses is 4.57 times/day, and the decrement ratio reaches 1260.4. By adjusting the number of gear teeth or by retaining the number of gear teeth, a reduction ratio in a wide range can be achieved.

The working principle is as follows.

When the input rod 16 reciprocates up and down, the slide block 21 is driven to rotate through the inclined surface, and the pawl 20 hinged to the end part of the slide block 21 pushes the ratchet wheel 19 to rotate. Since the ratchet wheel 19 and the primary internal-tooth-type residual gear 2 are integrated, the primary internal-tooth-type residual gear 2 rotates simultaneously. The teeth on the one-level internal tooth type residual gear are not circumferentially uniformly distributed, but only a plurality of teeth are processed according to parameter requirements, and only when the plurality of teeth rotate to the meshing position with the one-level external gear 3, the one-level external gear 3 is driven to rotate corresponding teeth, so that a larger one-level transmission ratio is realized. The first-stage external gear 3 and the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear 5 are fixedly connected on the same intermediate shaft 6, the second-stage internal tooth type residual gear 5 and the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear 2 are identical in structure, and only a plurality of teeth are designed according to parameter requirements, so that a large transmission ratio of the second stage is realized again when the second-stage external gear 8 is driven. The rocker arm 11 and the two-stage external gear 8 are mounted together on the output shaft 10, i.e. at the same rotational speed. When the coaxial output rod 12 on the rotating rocker arm 11 rotates to the central line of the output rod coincides with the central line of the input rod 16, the input rod 16 which does reciprocating motion can push the output rod 12 to move, and the motion output is completed. When the rocker arm 11 rotates to other angles, the output rod 12 is staggered with the input rod 16, and the idle stroke is realized. Therefore, the rocker arm 11 rotates for one circle and only outputs one motion, thereby realizing reciprocating transmission with a large ratio.

The remaining number of teeth of the residual gear can be set according to the ratio requirement, so that a wide range of ratios can be achieved. It can be designed into several stages of decrementers according to the practical requirement.

The invention provides a solution for a plunger pump for filling lubricating oil into an oil pumping unit. If the plunger pump filled with lubricating oil directly utilizes the reciprocating motion of the oil pumping unit as power, even according to the most common 4 times/minute, the power is 5760 times/day, and the application value is not available at all. After the invention is adopted, the oil injection frequency of the oil injection pump is reduced to 4 times/day, so that the oil injection quantity can be greatly reduced, and the oil injection period can be prolonged.

The above detailed description of the reciprocating width ratio impulse decrementer with reference to the embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, and several embodiments may be enumerated within the scope thereof, so that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the general inventive concept and the scope thereof is intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reciprocating motion width ratio impulse number decrementer is characterized in that: the middle shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, one end of the middle shaft is connected with the first-stage external gear in a key mode, the first-stage external gear is meshed with the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear, and the first-stage internal tooth type residual gear is supported on the shell through a bearing; the output shaft is supported on the shell through a bearing, the output end of the output shaft is in keyed joint with a rocker arm, an output rod is sleeved on the rocker arm, and the output rod is pushed by the input rod to realize up-and-down reciprocating movement; the outer circle of the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear is provided with a ratchet wheel, the input rod pushes the pawl to drive the ratchet wheel to rotate, and the ratchet wheel drives the first-stage inner-tooth-type residual gear which is integrated with the ratchet wheel to rotate, so that a power mechanism of a residual gear transmission pair is formed.

2. The reciprocating width ratio impulse decrementer of claim 1, wherein: the shell comprises a bottom plate, an intermediate plate, a top plate and supporting cylinders, wherein the bottom plate, the intermediate plate and the top plate are sequentially connected through the supporting cylinders arranged at four corners and screws to form the integral shell.

3. The reciprocating width ratio impulse decrementer of claim 1, wherein: the rocker arm is provided with a round hole, the output rod is in sliding fit with the round hole, and the output rod is sleeved with a compression spring.

4. The reciprocating width ratio impulse decrementer of claim 1, wherein: the power mechanism of the residual gear transmission pair comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a sliding block and a spring, wherein the pawl is hinged with the sliding block through a pin shaft, an axial spring is installed on the pin shaft and enables the pawl to be in contact with the ratchet wheel, the other end of the sliding block is connected with a pin shaft fixedly connected to a bottom plate in a pin mode, a reset spring is connected to the sliding block in a hanging mode, a conical surface is arranged at the axial position, corresponding to the ratchet wheel, of the input rod, an inclined-plane key block is embedded on the conical surface, the input rod penetrates through a bottom plate hole, a middle plate hole and a top plate hole.

5. The reciprocating width ratio impulse decrementer of claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate of the shell is provided with another pawl pair consisting of a ratchet wheel and a pawl, the ratchet wheel is prevented from rotating reversely, the pawl is hinged to the bottom plate through a pin shaft, an axial spring is arranged on the pin shaft, and the pawl is pressed by the axial spring to be kept in contact with the ratchet wheel.