CN110862649A - Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grating and photovoltaic module frame - Google Patents
Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grating and photovoltaic module frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110862649A CN110862649A CN201911182347.1A CN201911182347A CN110862649A CN 110862649 A CN110862649 A CN 110862649A CN 201911182347 A CN201911182347 A CN 201911182347A CN 110862649 A CN110862649 A CN 110862649A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- composite material
- weight
- unidirectional fiber
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
- H02S30/10—Frame structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention provides a continuous fiber reinforced composite material, an I-beam profile, a grid and a photovoltaic module frame, wherein the composite material comprises a base material and a reinforcing material, the base material comprises an inorganic gel material, an organic polymer material or a metal material, and the reinforcing material comprises a continuous unidirectional fiber material; the composite material has a non-uniform distribution of unidirectional fiber content with the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in compression being greater than the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in tension when subjected to a bending load. The I-beam section is provided with an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate and a web plate, wherein the upper wing plate is connected with the lower wing plate through the web plate, and the section has an I-shaped section; the unidirectional fiber volume content in the upper wing panel is greater than the unidirectional fiber volume content in the web. The grid is formed by mutually buckling a plurality of I-beams, convex pins and concave pins, and the I-beams are prepared from the continuous fiber reinforced composite material. The photovoltaic module frame is prepared from the continuous fiber reinforced composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials and preparation processes thereof, in particular to a continuous fiber reinforced composite material, an I-beam profile, a grid and a photovoltaic module frame.
Background
Composite materials are materials with distinct phase separation characteristics formed by mixing two or more materials, the morphology and the performance of the composite materials are different from those of any one of the materials alone, the main components of the composite materials are matrix materials and reinforcing materials, and fibers are the most commonly used reinforcing materials. In general, composite materials refer to materials in their final form after molding, while materials in their form before final molding after mixing of matrix materials with reinforcing materials are referred to as composite precursors.
The pultrusion process is to solidify or shape the continuous fiber yarn and fabric soaked with liquid base material under the action of traction force through a mould with a constant section cavity to continuously produce the composite material with unlimited length. At present, the length of the composite material pultrusion mold is generally between 600 millimeters and 1000 millimeters, wherein the pultrusion mold with the length of 900-1000 millimeters is widely used.
In the existing pultrusion process of composite materials, a method for impregnating fibers by a resin continuous injection method is an effective method, resin is continuously injected into a cavity of a specially designed glue injection box according to actual demand, so that the fibers passing through the cavity of the glue injection box are quickly soaked and then enter a mold cavity connected with the rear section of the glue injection box for curing or shaping, and in many designs, the glue injection box is designed to be a part of a mold inlet to play the same function. The existing resin continuous injection method has the glue injection opening arranged in the middle of the cavity of the glue injection box, and has the improvement that when matrix resin adopted is high in viscosity or contains more fillers, particularly when fiber felts or fabrics are used, the resin is difficult to permeate into fibers, or the fillers are difficult to permeate into the fibers, so that the performance defects of the composite material are caused.
The key force-bearing part of the composite material fire-resistant grid is a glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin I-beam, the glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin I-beam is manufactured by adopting glass fiber direct yarns, a glass fiber felt and phenolic resin through a pultrusion process, the mechanical strength is low due to the high brittleness of the phenolic resin, meanwhile, the existing process generally adopts the fiber content which is consistent in whole body, and the volume content of the fiber is 40-70%. When the composite material I-beam bears bending load, the upper wing plate can be quickly broken, the due performance of the composite material cannot be fully exerted, and a great improvement space exists.
Meanwhile, in the manufacturing process of the glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin I-beam, a glass fiber continuous felt or a stitch-bonded felt is needed, and if more fillers are added into the phenolic resin, the fibers are difficult to be completely soaked, so that modification of the phenolic resin is limited.
The frame and the support are usually made of aluminum alloy, when the photovoltaic component is used, the frame and the support need to be grounded to prevent lightning strike and electric leakage, meanwhile, the fireproof requirement of the building is difficult to meet, although the frame and the support are insulated, the fireproof grade cannot meet the fireproof requirement of the building, the composite material based on the phenolic resin is an ideal choice, but the traditional phenolic composite material is low in strength and poor in toughness and cannot meet the requirement.
In summary, there are many areas where improvements are needed in the existing continuous fiber reinforced composites and the manner in which they are produced. Only by solving these technical difficulties can such materials be made to meet the requirements of applications such as grids and photovoltaic module borders.
SUMMARY OF THE PATENT FOR INVENTION
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the continuous fiber reinforced composite material, and the comprehensive performance of the composite material in use is effectively improved by filling the regions with different stress types and stress sizes with different contents of unidirectional fibers. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a continuous fibre reinforced composite comprising a matrix material and a reinforcement material, the matrix material comprising an inorganic cementitious material, an organic polymeric material or a metallic material, the reinforcement material comprising a continuous unidirectional fibrous material; the composite material has a non-uniform distribution of unidirectional fiber content with the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in compression being greater than the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in tension when subjected to a bending load. The technical effects are as follows: the unidirectional fiber content of the pressed part is increased, the strength and the modulus of the part are improved, the unidirectional fiber content of the pulled part is reduced, and the strength and the modulus of the part are reduced, so that the strain of each part of the whole composite material under the working condition of bending load is adapted to the allowable strain of the part, the early damage of the pressed part with small allowable strain is avoided, and the bending strength of the whole composite material is improved and the brittleness caused by too high fiber content is avoided under the condition that the unidirectional fiber content is not increased on the whole.
Further, as an optimized case, the composite material has a unidirectional fiber volume content of 40 to 65% in a pressed portion when subjected to a bending load; the unidirectional fiber volume content of the tensioned portion is 20-60%.
Further, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the composite material decreases progressively as the distance between the central axis of the portion of the composite material and the neutral axis of the overall composite material in the direction of bending decreases.
Further, the reinforcing material comprises one or more of bundled unidirectional fibers, fiber felt, and fiber axial cloth.
A matrix material for use in the manufacture of a continuous fibre reinforced composite, the matrix material comprising a phenolic resin, the components of the raw materials used to formulate the cured precursor composition of the phenolic resin comprising:
100 parts by weight of phenolic resin;
3-10 parts of resorcinol;
0.1-10 parts by weight of PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder.
Further, the fineness of the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder is more than 20 meshes.
Further, the raw materials for preparing the curing precursor composition of the phenolic resin also comprise one or more of the following components:
1-5 parts by weight of an internal mold release agent;
0.1-1 part by weight of a UV stabilizer; 0.1-1 part by weight of a coupling agent; 5-50 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide; 5-50 parts by weight of a filler; 2-20 parts of whisker; 2-10 parts of urotropin; 1-10 parts by weight of molecular sieve activation powder; 1-15 parts by weight of sodium silicate or sodium metasilicate; 2-15 parts by weight of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate; 5-15 parts by weight of zinc borate; 2-15 parts of red phosphorus; 2-20 parts by weight of calcium chloride; 2-20 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate; 2-20 parts by weight of magnesium oxide; 0.5-10 parts of thermoplastic resin powder; the viscosity of the curing precursor composition is 500 to 4000 mPa.s.
Preferably, the thermoplastic resin powder comprises one or more of polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol;
further, when the fiber is impregnated, the temperature of the cured precursor composition of the phenol resin is controlled to be 35 to 90 ℃.
The technical effects are as follows: the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder is added to replace a traditional method that an alcohol solution of the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) is added, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of alcohol is introduced to cause formation of a large number of pores in the composite material due to volatilization of the alcohol in the curing process to reduce the strength is avoided, meanwhile, the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder exists in a slightly soluble fine solid state in the phenolic resin, the phenomenon that the resin has high viscosity and cannot permeate fibers is avoided, meanwhile, the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) with high molecular weight and the phenolic resin are cured together, the toughness of the composite material is greatly enhanced, meanwhile, the temperature of a curing precursor composition of the phenolic resin is controlled to be 35-90 ℃, the viscosity of the curing precursor composition is reduced, and the good fiber infiltration quality of the curing precursor composition of the phenolic resin can be guaranteed.
The invention also provides an I-beam section made of the composite material, which is prepared from the composite material.
Further, the I-shaped beam section is provided with an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate and a web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate are connected through the web plate, and the section has an I-shaped section; the unidirectional fiber volume content in the upper wing panel is greater than the unidirectional fiber volume content in the web.
Further, the fiber volume content of the whole I-beam profile is 40-65%, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is 40-70%, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the web plate is 20-60%, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the compression section of the web plate is 15-60%, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the tension section is 5-55%.
Further, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is greater than the unidirectional fiber volume content of the lower wing plate.
Furthermore, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is 40-70%, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the lower wing plate is 35-65%.
The technical effects are as follows: under the working condition of bearing bending load, the I-shaped beam is prevented from failing in advance due to the fact that the upper wing plate and the compression web plate are crushed in advance.
The invention further provides a composite material grid which is formed by mutually buckling and connecting a plurality of I-shaped beams, convex pins and concave pins, wherein the I-shaped beam section is prepared from the composite material I-shaped beam section.
Furthermore, a through hole penetrating through the thickness of the web plate of the I-beam section is formed in the web plate of the I-beam section, a transverse notch used for being buckled with the I-beam section is formed in the convex pin, and the structure of the transverse notch is matched with the structure of the inner end face of the through hole in the I-beam section; the convex pins and the transverse notches are provided with longitudinally extending convex blocks in a staggered manner, the structures of the convex blocks are matched with the groove structures of the concave pins, and the extending directions of the convex pins and the concave pins in the assembled grid are perpendicular to the extending direction of the I-shaped beam.
Furthermore, the through hole on the I-beam is a circular through hole, and the concave pin is provided with an arc-shaped outline matched with the circular through hole; the transverse notches buckled with the I-shaped beam on the convex pin are all towards the direction of a pressure source, namely when the transverse notches are used in a flat laying state, the transverse notches on the convex pin are all upwards.
The technical effect is that when the grid bears bending load and impact load of a falling hammer, all I-beams in the grid can be cooperatively stressed, so that the damage of the whole grid caused by the fact that a certain I-beam is damaged in advance is avoided.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic frame or support, which is prepared from the composite material.
The photovoltaic frame has the technical effects that the photovoltaic frame can meet the bearing requirement and has insulating and fireproof performance, induced power generation capacity attenuation (PID) of the photovoltaic module caused by frame leakage is reduced, the workload of grounding is reduced or even avoided, the installation and maintenance cost is reduced, the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged, and the safety of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the bearing capacity of the composite material is greatly improved under the conditions of unchanged geometric dimension and unchanged total fiber content;
2. the toughness of the I-beam and the grid of the glass fiber reinforced phenolic composite material is improved creatively by adding thermoplastic resin powder into phenolic resin;
3. the composite material is manufactured by using the high-viscosity phenolic resin in a mode of heating the phenolic resin, so that the modification space of the phenolic resin is expanded;
4. creatively enables all I-beams in the grating to be stressed cooperatively through a special concave-convex pin and I-beam interlocking structure, and greatly improves the bending strength and the impact strength of the grating.
5. The photovoltaic module is applied to the photovoltaic module, so that the cost is reduced, and the service life and the safety are improved.
In the present description, the directions listed are opposite to each other, and upper means a direction toward a compressive stress under a bending load, and lower means a direction opposite to upper under a bending load.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a force analysis diagram of a composite profile of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a composite material according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a grid according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the male and female pins of FIG. 3 mated together;
fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a photovoltaic module frame according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic top view of fig. 5.
Wherein:
1: an I-beam profile; 1-5: a web; 2-1: a first support point;
1-1: surfacing felt; 1-51 web compression section; 2-2: a second support point;
1-2: a continuous felt; 1-52 web tension segments; 3: an action point;
1-3: a unidirectional fiber; 1-6: a lower wing plate; 4: a boss pin;
1-4: an upper wing plate; 1-7 neutral axis; 4-1: a transverse groove;
4-2: a boss; 5: a female pin; 5-1: and (4) a groove.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a continuous fiber reinforced composite material, which comprises a base material and a reinforcing material, wherein the base material adopts phenolic resin, and the reinforcing material adopts a continuous fiber material prepared from unidirectional fibers. The composite material has a non-uniform distribution of unidirectional fiber content, with the unidirectional fiber content of the compressed portion being greater than the unidirectional fiber content of the tensioned portion when subjected to a bending load. Wherein, the raw materials of the curing precursor composition for preparing the phenolic resin comprise: 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin; 3-10 parts of resorcinol; 0.1-10 parts of PVB powder by weight, wherein the fineness of the PVB powder is more than 20 meshes.
In a preferred embodiment, the raw materials used to formulate the cured precursor composition for the phenolic resin also contain one or more of the following components: 2-10 parts of urotropin; 1-5 parts by weight of an internal mold release agent; 0.1-1 part by weight of a UV stabilizer; 0.1-1 part by weight of a coupling agent; 5-50 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide; 5-50 parts by weight of a filler; 2-20 parts of whisker; 1-10 parts by weight of molecular sieve activation powder; 1-15 parts by weight of sodium silicate or sodium metasilicate; 2-15 parts by weight of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate; 5-15 parts by weight of zinc borate; 2-15 parts of red phosphorus; 2-20 parts by weight of calcium chloride; 2-20 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate; 2-20 parts by weight of magnesium oxide; 0.5-10 parts of thermoplastic resin powder; the thermoplastic resin powder comprises one or more of polyamide and polyvinyl alcohol; the viscosity of the curing precursor composition is 500 to 4000 mPa.s.
Attached table 1: formulation list of phenolic resin of example 1
In a preferred embodiment, the fiber volume content of the compressed part of the composite material is 40-65% when subjected to bending load; the fiber volume content of the tensioned part is 20-60%.
In a preferred embodiment, the unidirectional fiber content of the composite material gradually decreases with increasing distance from the central axis of curvature when bent, i.e. the unidirectional fiber volume content of the composite material gradually decreases with decreasing distance from the central axis of the portion of the composite material from the neutral axis of the overall composite material in the direction of bending;
in a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement material comprises one or more of bundled unidirectional fibers, fiber mats, and axial cloth of fibers.
In other embodiments, the matrix material may be an inorganic gel material, other organic polymer material, or a fusible metal material.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a composite material i-beam profile, which is prepared from the composite material in the embodiment 1, wherein the i-beam profile 1 is provided with an upper wing plate 1-4, a lower wing plate 1-6 and a web plate 1-5, the upper wing plate 1-4 and the lower wing plate 1-6 are connected through the web plate 1-5, and the profile has an i-shaped cross section, as shown in fig. 2; the unidirectional fibre volume content in the upper wing 1-4 is greater than the unidirectional fibre volume content in the web 1-5 and the lower wing 1-6. When the I-beam of the embodiment is applied, the first supporting point 2-1 and the second supporting point 2-1 are respectively supported at two ends of the length direction of the I-beam 1, pressure is applied to the acting point 3, the upper wing plate 1-4 is stressed in compression, the lower wing plate 1-6 is stressed in tension, the web plate 1-5 can be divided into a stressed section 1-51 connected with the upper wing plate and a tensioned section 1-52 connected with the lower wing plate along a neutral axis 1-7, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the stressed section 1-51 of the web plate is greater than that of the tensioned section 1-52. The unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is greater than that of the lower wing plate.
The I-beam section is made of alkali-free untwisted glass fiber roving, a glass fiber continuous felt, a polyester surface felt and phenolic resin through an injection pultrusion process, the adopted alkali-free glass fiber roving is distributed into unidirectional fibers along the direction of bending normal stress, and the glue injection box is heated in the pultrusion process, so that the temperature of the resin is kept at 35-90 ℃ when the fibers are impregnated by the resin in the glue injection box, and the optimal impregnation quality can be achieved.
In the preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the I-beam is covered with continuous felt 1-2 and surfacing felt 1-1, and the inside is filled with unidirectional continuous fibers 1-3.
The volume content of 1-3 of the unidirectional fiber of the integral I-beam profile is 40-65%, the volume content of 1-3 of the unidirectional fiber of the upper wing plate 1-4 is 40-70%, the volume content of 1-3 of the unidirectional fiber of the web plate 1-5 is 20-60%, wherein the volume content of 1-3 of the unidirectional fiber of the web plate compression section 1-51 is 15-60%, and the volume content of 1-3 of the unidirectional fiber of the tension section 1-52 is 5-55%. The unidirectional fiber 1-3 volume content of the lower wing plate 1-6 is 35-65%.
The content by volume of the unidirectional fibers 1 to 3 of the composite material is (unidirectional yarn weight/unidirectional yarn density)/volume of the composite material. The weight of the composite unidirectional yarn is obtained by testing according to GB/T2577 glass fiber reinforced plastic resin content test method, and in the test, distilled water is used for cleaning and removing particle impurities and fibrofelt in residues after combustion.
The volume content of the whole unidirectional fiber of the composite material is 56 percent, and the distribution, the processing technological parameters and the performance details of the I-beam section bar are shown in the attached table 2:
attached table 2: distribution of unidirectional fiber, processing technological parameter and I-beam section material performance
In the case of comparing the first case with the second case, it can be seen that the bending resistance of the composite material can be obviously improved by changing the distribution of the unidirectional fibers in the composite material according to the scheme disclosed by the invention under the condition that the matrix material, the integral unidirectional fiber content and the production process are the same.
Comparing case two with case five, it can be seen that under the condition that the whole content of the unidirectional fibers, the distribution of the unidirectional fibers in the composite material and the production process are the same, the PVB powder content is increased in the phenolic resin according to the scheme disclosed by the invention in the preferred proportion, so that the bending resistance of the composite material can be obviously improved.
In the case of comparing the second case with the third case, it can be seen that the bending resistance of the composite material can be obviously improved by adopting the method of using urotropine and resorcinol to replace the simple resorcinol according to the preferred scheme disclosed by the invention under the condition that the whole content of the unidirectional fibers, the distribution of the unidirectional fibers in the composite material and the production process are the same.
In the third and fourth cases, it can be seen that, when the matrix material, the integral unidirectional fiber content, the unidirectional fiber distribution in the composite material and the production process are the same, the phenolic resin in the glue injection box is heated according to the preferred scheme disclosed by the invention, and the temperature of the phenolic resin in the glue injection box is increased to about 80 ℃, so that the bending resistance of the composite material can be obviously improved.
The above cases all embody the technical effects of the present invention.
Example 3:
this example provides a grid prepared using male and female pins in conjunction with the i-beam of example 2. As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the continuous fiber-reinforced phenolic resin female pins 5 and male pins 4 of example 1 were used. The 9I-beams 1 are arranged in parallel, 8 round holes are uniformly formed in the web plate of each I-beam 1 at intervals, and the round holes of the 9I-beams are formed in the same position; the convex pins 4 are provided with transverse notches 4-1 extending transversely along the width direction and bosses 4-2 extending longitudinally along the length direction, one side of each convex pin, which is not provided with a boss, is uniformly provided with 9 transverse notches 4-1, and the width of each transverse notch 4-1 is adapted to the wall thickness of a web plate of the corresponding I-beam; the round concave pin 5 matched with the I-beam round hole in size is provided with a groove 5-1 longitudinally extending along the length direction. During assembly, firstly, epoxy resin glue is smeared in the transverse notch 4-1 on the convex pin, and the convex pin 4 penetrates through the round hole on the I-shaped beam, so that each I-shaped beam 1 is clamped in the transverse notch 4-1 of the convex pin; and then coating epoxy resin glue in the groove 5-1 of the circular concave pin, sequentially enabling the concave pin to penetrate through the circular hole on the I-shaped beam through buckling the groove 5-1 and the boss 4-2 on the convex pin, realizing the assembly of the grating, and curing the epoxy resin glue to obtain the composite material grating.
A grid sample is manufactured according to ASTM F3059-15, the bending failure load of the grid is tested by a vertical downward force, an impact failure experiment is carried out, transverse notches 4-1 on 8 convex pins 4 from left to right of the sample are all upward, up, down, up and down, and the three-point bending failure strength and the impact failure performance of the sample are tested according to ASTM F3059-15, and the results are shown in attached table.
Attached table 1: notch orientation on different pins corresponding to bending failure loads
| Transverse notch direction on the male pin | Bending breaking load KN | Impact test |
| All face upwards | 33.05 | By passing |
| Up and down, up and down and up and down | 19.81 | Destruction of |
| All face downwards | 26.97 | Destruction of |
| Upper and lower, upper and lower and upper and lower | 26.65 | Destruction of |
| Lower upper, lower | 22.74 | Destruction of |
From the above table, it can be seen that the three-point bending failure strength measured under the condition that the transverse notches on the convex pins on the sample are all upward from left to right is highest, which indicates that the bearing capacity is strongest; i.e. when the transverse notches of the pins are all oriented towards the pressure source, the grid has the best resistance to compression and bending and to impacts.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a photovoltaic module frame, which is made of the composite material in embodiment 1, assembled into the photovoltaic module frame shown in fig. 5 and 6, used for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, and has the advantages of high strength, low deformation, insulation, fire resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions and applications of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. A continuous fibre reinforced composite material, characterised in that the composite material comprises a matrix material comprising an inorganic cementitious material, an organic polymeric material or a metallic material and a reinforcing material comprising a continuous unidirectional fibrous material; the composite material has a non-uniform distribution of unidirectional fiber content with the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in compression being greater than the unidirectional fiber content of the portion in tension when subjected to a bending load.
2. The continuous fiber-reinforced composite material of claim 1, wherein the unidirectional fiber volume content of the compressed portion of the composite material is 40 to 65% when subjected to bending load; the unidirectional fiber volume content of the tensioned portion is 20-60%.
3. The continuous fiber reinforced composite of claim 1, wherein the unidirectional fiber volume content of the composite decreases progressively as the distance between the central axis of the portion of the composite and the neutral axis of the overall composite in the direction of bending decreases.
4. The continuous fiber reinforced composite of claim 1, wherein the reinforcement comprises one or more of unidirectional fibers in a bundle, a fiber mat, and an axial cloth of fibers.
5. A matrix material for use in the manufacture of a continuous fibre reinforced composite, characterised in that the matrix material comprises a phenolic resin and in that the raw materials from which the cured precursor composition of the phenolic resin is formulated comprise the following components:
100 parts by weight of phenolic resin;
3-10 parts of resorcinol;
0.1-10 parts by weight of PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder.
6. The matrix material for manufacturing a continuous fiber reinforced composite of claim 5, wherein the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) powder has a fineness greater than 20 mesh.
7. The matrix material for manufacturing continuous fiber reinforced composites as claimed in claim 6, wherein the raw materials for preparing the cured precursor composition of phenolic resin further comprise one or more of the following components:
1-5 parts by weight of an internal mold release agent;
0.1-1 part by weight of a UV stabilizer;
0.1-1 part by weight of a coupling agent;
5-50 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide;
5-50 parts by weight of a filler;
2-20 parts of whisker;
2-10 parts of urotropin;
1-10 parts by weight of molecular sieve activation powder;
1-15 parts by weight of sodium silicate or sodium metasilicate;
2-15 parts by weight of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate;
5-15 parts by weight of zinc borate;
2-15 parts of red phosphorus;
2-20 parts by weight of calcium chloride;
2-20 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate;
2-20 parts by weight of magnesium oxide;
0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin powder;
the thermoplastic resin powder comprises one or more of polyamide and polyvinyl alcohol;
the viscosity of the curing precursor composition is 500 to 4000 mPa.s.
8. The matrix material for manufacturing a continuous fiber-reinforced composite material according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the temperature of the cured precursor composition of the phenolic resin is controlled to be 35 ℃ to 90 ℃ when the fibers are impregnated.
9. An I-beam section made of composite materials, which is characterized in that the I-beam section is made of the composite materials of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The composite i-beam section of claim 9, wherein the i-beam section has an upper wing panel, a lower wing panel, and a web, the upper wing panel and the lower wing panel being connected by the web, the section having an i-section; the unidirectional fiber volume content in the upper wing panel is greater than the unidirectional fiber volume content in the web.
11. The composite i-beam profile as claimed in claim 10, wherein the fiber volume content of the whole i-beam profile is 40-65%, the unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is 40-70%, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the web plate is 20-60%, wherein the unidirectional fiber volume content of the compression section of the web plate is 15-60%, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the tension section of the web plate is 5-55%.
12. The composite i-beam profile of claim 10, wherein the upper wing panel has a unidirectional fiber volume content greater than the unidirectional fiber volume content of the lower wing panel.
13. The composite material I-beam profile as claimed in claim 12, wherein the unidirectional fiber volume content of the upper wing plate is 40-70%, and the unidirectional fiber volume content of the lower wing plate is 35-65%.
14. The composite material grid is characterized in that the grid is formed by mutually buckling a plurality of I-shaped beams, convex pins and concave pins, wherein the convex pins and the concave pins are made of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials; the I-beam section is prepared from the composite material I-beam section as claimed in any one of claims 9-13.
15. A composite grid according to claim 14 wherein the web of the i-beam section is provided with through holes extending through the thickness thereof, the male pins are provided with transverse notches for snap-fitting to the i-beam section, the transverse notches being configured to fit the inner end surface of the through holes in the i-beam section; the convex pins and the transverse notches are provided with longitudinally extending convex blocks in a staggered manner, the structures of the convex blocks are matched with the groove structures of the concave pins, and the extending directions of the convex pins and the concave pins in the assembled grid are perpendicular to the extending direction of the I-shaped beam.
16. The composite grid according to claim 15 wherein the through-holes in the i-beams are circular through-holes and the female pins have an arcuate profile conforming to the circular through-holes; the transverse notches buckled with the I-shaped beam on the convex pins are all towards the direction of a pressure source.
17. A composite material photovoltaic module frame is characterized in that the frame is prepared from the composite material of any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911182347.1A CN110862649B (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grille and photovoltaic module frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911182347.1A CN110862649B (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grille and photovoltaic module frame |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110862649A true CN110862649A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110862649B CN110862649B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
Family
ID=69656767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911182347.1A Active CN110862649B (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grille and photovoltaic module frame |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110862649B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5087503A (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1992-02-11 | Pacific Coast Composites, Inc. | Composite constant stress beam with gradient fiber distribution |
| US20080008869A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-01-10 | Good Brian T | Enhanced sound absorption in thermoplastic composites |
| CN102731960A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | High-toughness flame retardation phenolic prepreg composite material, its preparation method and its application |
| CN107446304A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-08 | 陈精明 | The method of phenolic resin preimpregnation material and its manufacture phenolic composite |
| CN109073020A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-12-21 | 日本发条株式会社 | Helical spring |
-
2019
- 2019-11-27 CN CN201911182347.1A patent/CN110862649B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5087503A (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1992-02-11 | Pacific Coast Composites, Inc. | Composite constant stress beam with gradient fiber distribution |
| US20080008869A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-01-10 | Good Brian T | Enhanced sound absorption in thermoplastic composites |
| CN102731960A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | High-toughness flame retardation phenolic prepreg composite material, its preparation method and its application |
| CN109073020A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-12-21 | 日本发条株式会社 | Helical spring |
| CN107446304A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-08 | 陈精明 | The method of phenolic resin preimpregnation material and its manufacture phenolic composite |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110862649B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1596024A1 (en) | Reinforced sandwich panel | |
| CA2537213C (en) | Lignocellulose fiber-resin composite material | |
| CN103216041A (en) | Plane grid rib for structure reinforcement, mould and manufacturing method of plane grid rib | |
| CN103306195A (en) | FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) stiffening plate rubber vibration isolation support as well as manufacturing method and application thereof | |
| CN110862649B (en) | Continuous fiber reinforced composite material, I-beam profile, grille and photovoltaic module frame | |
| CN113250517B (en) | Electric power tower composite structure and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104763163A (en) | Method and process for reinforcing RC (Reinforced Concrete) beam of E-glass fiber fabric reinforced magnesium phosphate cement-based concrete thin-slab | |
| CN111300598A (en) | Method for improving interlayer bonding force of fiber-reinforced building board | |
| CN109898699A (en) | A kind of fabricated ripple type steel plate shear wall structure and its construction method | |
| CN109838015B (en) | High-shear-resistance concrete shear wall provided with fiber reinforced composite material grid bars | |
| Sadikin et al. | Crushing performances of axially compressed woven kenaf fiber reinforced cylindrical composites | |
| CN220848330U (en) | Reinforced concrete composite beam with high shear bearing capacity and ductility | |
| JP3591142B2 (en) | FRP grating and method for manufacturing the same | |
| CN105756288A (en) | Anchorage device for carbon fiber plates | |
| EP3517515B1 (en) | Fiber bundle for reinforcement of a cementitious matrix, its uses and method of obtention | |
| CN111576735A (en) | Steel pipe-recombined bamboo composite structural part and production method thereof | |
| CN111231372A (en) | Composite material cover plate for bridge and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105703288A (en) | Two-component polyurethane step cable bridge and manufacturing method thereof | |
| EP2716436B1 (en) | Carbon composite component | |
| CN114991007A (en) | High-performance composite material bridge deck and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN205063077U (en) | Core is pressed from both sides to high flame retardant high strength rock wool | |
| Jamir et al. | Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia | |
| CN218069494U (en) | Corrosion-resistant epoxy resin glass fiber rod core | |
| CN106523501A (en) | Special double-rod large cap bolt for FRP component connection | |
| CN218812901U (en) | High tensile strength composite sleeper |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |