CN114991007A - High-performance composite material bridge deck and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance composite material bridge deck and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114991007A CN114991007A CN202210558097.2A CN202210558097A CN114991007A CN 114991007 A CN114991007 A CN 114991007A CN 202210558097 A CN202210558097 A CN 202210558097A CN 114991007 A CN114991007 A CN 114991007A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-performance composite material bridge deck and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the structure of the bridge deck is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a plurality of webs used for reinforcing the top plate and the bottom plate, the webs are perpendicular to the top plate and the bottom plate which are parallel to each other and are uniformly distributed between the top plate and the bottom plate, square holes or arc square holes are formed among the top plate, the bottom plate and the webs, the whole cross section of the high-performance composite material bridge deck is rectangular, the top plate, the bottom plate and the webs are all prepared from high-performance composite materials, and the high-performance composite materials are compounded from glass fibers and epoxy resin. Compared with the prior art, the composite bridge panel disclosed by the invention realizes excellent mechanical properties under the condition that the density is far lower than that of the traditional material, has excellent compression modulus and bending modulus, and solves the problem of light bridge structure. The mechanical performance of the high-strength steel plate completely meets the grade B load standard of the viaduct, and the high-strength steel plate has the advantages of light dead weight and convenience in construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a high-performance composite material bridge deck and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the emergence of Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) materials having corrosion resistance, high specific strength, large specific modulus, and excellent fatigue resistance has provided a new choice in building and bridge engineering. Common FRPs include glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, aramid fibers, and the like. Carbon fiber, boron fiber and aramid fiber have excellent mechanical properties and physical and chemical properties, but are too expensive, and the cost for manufacturing the bridge deck slab by adopting the materials is too high and is lack of competitiveness. Although the glass fiber has low elastic modulus, the glass fiber is low in price and relatively stable in chemical properties to atmosphere, water and various corrosive media.
Chinese patent CN213296061U discloses a combined material bridge panel, which comprises a flat plate, dull and stereotyped sub-unit connection has many by bolted connection fixed basic section bar, basic section bar is the multi-chamber section bar, the multi-chamber inside of basic section bar is equipped with a set of equilateral triangle cavity and two right trapezoid cavity, the right trapezoid cavity sets up the both sides at a set of equilateral triangle cavity, basic section bar both sides are equipped with first connecting portion of assorted and second connecting portion, be equipped with first rectangular pipe on the first connecting portion in proper order, second rectangular pipe and third rectangular pipe, at first rectangular pipe, second rectangular pipe and third rectangular pipe are equipped with the bolt hole, wherein the last plane of first rectangular pipe and the lower plane of third rectangular pipe are equipped with the nut and tighten up the hole, the second connecting portion are equipped with fourth rectangular pipe and fifth rectangular pipe respectively, be equipped with the bolt hole at fourth rectangular pipe and fifth rectangular pipe. The flat plate and the basic section bar are both made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials and are formed by adopting a pultrusion process. The flat plate and the basic section bar are chemically bonded, the basic section bar and the basic section bar 15 are chemically bonded and then are connected and fixed by bolts, the chemical bonding is epoxy resin bonding, and the fiber direction of the flat plate 1 is vertical to that of the basic section bar. However, the patent is complicated to mold and is not integrally molded, and the mechanical properties of the patent are not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-performance composite material bridge deck and a manufacturing method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-performance composite material bridge panel, which structurally comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a plurality of webs used for reinforcing the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the webs are perpendicular to the top plate and the bottom plate which are parallel to each other and are uniformly distributed between the top plate and the bottom plate, square holes or circular arc square holes are formed among the top plate, the bottom plate and the webs, the whole cross section of the high-performance composite material bridge panel is rectangular, the top plate, the bottom plate and the webs are all prepared from high-performance composite materials, and the high-performance composite materials are prepared by compounding glass fibers and epoxy resin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the high performance composite bridge deck has a uniform thickness of the top, bottom and web plates.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of the webs of the high-performance composite material bridge deck is 2-7, and the distance between the webs is the same.
In one embodiment of the invention, the web plate, the bottom plate and the top plate of the high-performance composite bridge panel are in a circular arc transition structure, and the radius of the circular arc is 5-20 mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high performance composite is: and after the multi-axial fabric and the glass fiber untwisted yarns are alternately laid, additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner surface and the outer surface, and then impregnating with epoxy resin to obtain the high-performance composite material.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the high-performance composite material bridge panel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laying glass fibers, wherein the number of layers of the preformed top plate and bottom plate is 11-17, the number of layers of the web plate is 5-9, and the layers are formed by alternately laying multi-axial fabrics and glass fiber untwisted yarns;
(2) additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner and outer surfaces of the preformed top plate, bottom plate and web plate;
(3) manufacturing a mould of the high-performance composite material bridge deck, and determining the final forming of the integral structure of the high-performance composite material bridge deck;
(4) adopting a pultrusion process, carrying out epoxy resin impregnation on the laid glass fiber and polyester surface felt, determining the thickness of each plate according to the resin injection amount, and continuously demolding after curing molding in the mold through the mold manufactured in the step (3) to obtain the section;
(5) and cutting the section according to the required length to obtain the high-performance composite material bridge panel.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), each layer of the multiaxial fabric is composed of two orthogonal biaxial fiberglass fabrics, and the layers of the multiaxial fabric are overlapped or staggered at 45 degrees.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step (3), the number of the designed webs of the die is between 2 and 7, and the designed webs are the same in spacing.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step (3), arc-shaped transition with uniform size is reserved between the web plate and the bottom plate and between the web plate and the top plate to prevent stress concentration, and the radius of the arc is 5-20 mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the design of the die determines the profile section geometry.
In the viaduct bridge, the bridge deck is the most direct member affected by the adverse factors such as overload, corrosion and fatigue, and has high requirements on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. The high-performance composite material bridge deck is formed by compounding the glass fiber and the epoxy resin, the glass fiber and the epoxy resin which are main components are compounded by utilizing a reasonable fiber arrangement mode and an excellent structural design, the characteristics of the glass fiber and the epoxy resin are fully exerted, the prepared composite material bridge deck realizes excellent mechanical property under the condition that the density is far lower than that of a traditional material, and the bridge deck has excellent compression modulus and bending modulus and solves the problem of light bridge structure. The mechanical performance of the material completely meets the grade B load standard of the viaduct, and the material has the advantages of light dead weight and convenient construction, which is incomparable with the traditional structural material. The high-performance composite material bridge deck obtained by the invention has good corrosion resistance, so that the high-performance composite material bridge deck can be well applied to other special projects such as chemical engineering buildings, underground projects and underwater projects. The high-performance composite material bridge deck obtained by the invention has the flexibility of design, is very suitable for the industrialized construction process of rapid production, transportation and installation, and is beneficial to ensuring the engineering quality, improving the labor efficiency and improving the industrialization of engineering construction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the traditional reinforced concrete bridge deck slab and the traditional steel bridge deck slab can be rusted, cracked, peeled off and even collapsed quickly in a severe environment, and due to the excellent corrosion resistance of the glass fiber and the epoxy resin, the high-performance composite bridge deck slab disclosed by the invention can resist chemical corrosion in acid, alkali, chlorine salt and humid environments and can be normally used under severe working conditions, the service life of the high-performance composite bridge deck slab can be as long as dozens of years, and various severe working conditions can be effectively met.
The invention has high design flexibility, can prepare the high-performance composite material bridge panel with different structures on the basis of the original production line by replacing the die, and has flexible design by adopting a pultrusion process, thereby being very beneficial to shortening the construction period and improving the infrastructure efficiency.
Thirdly, the weight is light, the dead load of the bridge can be greatly reduced, the effective bearing capacity is improved, and the apparent density of the high-performance composite material bridge panel prepared by the invention is 0.30g/cm 3 ～0.90g/cm 3 And far lower than steel and reinforced concrete.
The invention has excellent mechanical properties, the compression strength is 278.26-559.31 MPa, the bending modulus is 35.7-80.6 GPa, and the mechanical performance meets the grade B load standard of the viaduct.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a high-performance composite bridge deck according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of a high performance composite bridge deck prepared in examples 1 and 2.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a high performance composite material bridge deck, which is structurally composed of a top plate 1, a bottom plate 2 and a plurality of webs 3 used for reinforcement therebetween, wherein the webs 3 are perpendicular to the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 which are parallel to each other and are uniformly distributed between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, square holes or circular arc square holes are formed among the top plate 1, the bottom plate 2 and the webs 3, the whole cross section of the high performance composite material bridge deck is rectangular, the top plate 1, the bottom plate 2 and the webs 3 are all made of high performance composite materials, and the high performance composite materials are compounded by glass fibers and epoxy resin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the high performance composite bridge deck has a uniform thickness of the top, bottom and web plates.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of the webs of the high-performance composite bridge panel is between 2 and 7, and the distance between the webs is the same.
In one embodiment of the invention, the web plate, the bottom plate and the top plate of the high-performance composite bridge panel are in a circular arc transition structure, and the radius of the circular arc is 5-20 mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high performance composite is: and after the multi-axial fabric and the glass fiber untwisted yarns are alternately laid, additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner surface and the outer surface, and then impregnating with epoxy resin to obtain the high-performance composite material.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the high-performance composite material bridge panel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laying glass fibers, wherein the number of layers of the preformed top plate and bottom plate is 11-17, the number of layers of the web plate is 5-9, and the layers are formed by alternately laying multi-axial fabrics and glass fiber untwisted yarns;
(2) additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner and outer surfaces of the preformed top plate, bottom plate and web plate;
(3) manufacturing a mould of the high-performance composite material bridge deck, and determining the final forming of the integral structure of the high-performance composite material bridge deck;
(4) adopting a pultrusion process, carrying out epoxy resin impregnation on the laid glass fiber and polyester surface felt, determining the thickness of each plate according to the resin injection amount, and continuously demolding after curing molding in the mold through the mold manufactured in the step (3) to obtain the section;
(5) and cutting the section according to the required length to obtain the high-performance composite material bridge panel.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), each layer of the multiaxial fabric is composed of two layers of orthogonal biaxial fiberglass cloth, and the layers of the multiaxial fabric are overlapped or staggered at 45 degrees.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step (3), the number of the designed webs of the die is between 2 and 7, and the designed webs are the same in spacing.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step (3), arc-shaped transition with uniform size is reserved between the web plate and the bottom plate and between the web plate and the top plate to prevent stress concentration, and the radius of the arc is 5-20 mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (3), the design of the die determines the profile section geometry.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the embodiment is a preparation method of a high-performance composite material bridge panel, and the preparation method is carried out according to the following steps.
(1) And (3) laying glass fibers, wherein the number of the top plate layer and the bottom plate layer is 13, the number of the web plate layers is 7, and the layering materials are formed by alternately laying multi-axial fabrics and glass fiber untwisted yarns. 1, 4 and 7 layers of the top plate multiaxial fabric and the bottom plate multiaxial fabric are overlapped and laid, and 2, 3, 5 and 6 layers are laid at a staggered angle of 45 degrees; 1 layer and 4 layers of the multiaxial web fabric are laid in a superposition manner, and 2 layer and 3 layers are laid at a staggered 45-degree angle;
(2) additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner surface and the outer surface of each plate;
(3) and selecting different section geometrical parameters of the section to prepare a die, and determining the final forming of the integral structure of the high-performance composite material bridge panel. The number of the webs is 4, and the radius of the circular arc is 20mm, as shown in fig. 2 (a).
(4) Adopting a pultrusion process, carrying out epoxy resin impregnation on the laid glass fiber and polyester surface felt, determining the thickness of each plate according to the resin injection amount, and continuously demolding after curing molding in the mold through the mold prepared in the step (3);
(5) and cutting the section according to the required length to obtain the high-performance composite material bridge panel.
The advantages of this embodiment: the high-strength high. The method has flexible design, and can greatly improve the construction efficiency and save the production cost.
The high-performance composite material bridge panel prepared by the embodiment has the apparent density of 0.90g/cm 3 The flexural modulus exhibited in the flexural test was 80.6 GPa.
The high-performance composite material bridge deck prepared by the embodiment can be applied to the field of bridge deck bearing of the viaduct.
Example 2:
the embodiment is a preparation method of a high-performance composite material bridge panel, and the preparation method is carried out according to the following steps.
(1) And (3) laying glass fibers, wherein the number of the top plate layer and the bottom plate layer is 13, the number of the web plate layers is 7, and the layering materials are formed by alternately laying multi-axial fabrics and glass fiber untwisted yarns. 1, 2, 6 and 7 layers of the top and bottom plate multiaxial fabrics are overlapped and laid, and 3, 4 and 5 layers are laid at a staggered 45-degree angle; 1 layer and 4 layers of the multiaxial web fabric are laid in a superposition manner, and 2 layer and 3 layers are laid at a staggered 45-degree angle;
(2) additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner surface and the outer surface of each plate;
(3) and selecting different section geometrical parameters of the section to prepare a die, and determining the final forming of the integral structure of the high-performance composite material bridge panel. The number of the webs is 7, and the radius of the circular arc is 5mm, as shown in fig. 2 (b).
(4) Adopting a pultrusion process, carrying out epoxy resin impregnation on the laid glass fiber and polyester surface felt, determining the thickness of each plate according to the resin injection amount, and continuously demolding after curing molding in the mold through the mold prepared in the step (3);
(5) and cutting the section according to the required length to obtain the high-performance composite material bridge panel.
The advantages of this embodiment: the high-strength high. The method has flexible design, and can greatly improve the construction efficiency and save the production cost.
The high-performance composite material bridge panel prepared by the embodiment has the apparent density of 0.43g/cm 3 The compressive modulus exhibited in the compression test was 559.31 MPa.
The high-performance composite material bridge deck prepared by the embodiment can be applied to the field of bridge deck bearing of the viaduct.
The invention prepares the high-performance composite material bridge deck with different structures, tests the apparent density of the bridge deck, and carries out compression and bending tests to obtain that the apparent density of the bridge deck is 0.30g/cm 3 ～0.90g/cm 3 The compression strength is 278.26-559.31 MPa, the bending modulus is 35.7-80.6 GPa, and the mechanical performance meets the grade B load standard of the viaduct. The fiber reinforced material adopted by the invention is glass fiber, the matrix is epoxy resin, and the glass fiber reinforced material and the epoxy resin both have excellent corrosion resistance and can ensure good weather resistance under severe working conditions.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high performance combined material bridge panel, its characterized in that, its structure comprises roof, bottom plate and several web of strengthening between them as, and the web perpendicular to roof and bottom plate that are parallel to each other and evenly distributed are between roof and bottom plate, form quad slit or circular arc quad slit between roof, bottom plate and the web, the whole cross section of high performance combined material bridge panel is the rectangle, roof, bottom plate and web all adopt high performance combined material to prepare, high performance combined material is formed by glass fiber and epoxy are compound.
2. The high performance composite bridge deck of claim 1, wherein said top deck, bottom deck and web are of uniform thickness.
3. The high-performance composite bridge deck according to claim 1, wherein the number of webs of the high-performance composite bridge deck is between 2 and 7, and the distance between the webs is the same.
4. The high-performance composite material bridge deck according to claim 1, wherein the web plate, the bottom plate and the top plate of the high-performance composite material bridge deck have a circular arc transition structure, and the radius of the circular arc is 5-20 mm.
5. The high performance composite bridge deck of claim 1, wherein said high performance composite is: and after the multi-axial fabric and the glass fiber untwisted yarns are alternately laid, additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner surface and the outer surface, and then impregnating with epoxy resin to obtain the high-performance composite material.
6. The method of making a high performance composite bridge deck of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
(1) laying glass fibers, wherein the number of layers of the preformed top plate and bottom plate is 11-17, the number of layers of the web plate is 5-9, and the layers are formed by alternately laying multi-axial fabrics and glass fiber untwisted yarns;
(2) additionally laying a layer of polyester surface felt on the inner and outer surfaces of the preformed top plate, bottom plate and web plate;
(3) manufacturing a mould of a high-performance composite material bridge panel;
(4) adopting a pultrusion process, impregnating the laid glass fiber and polyester surface felt with epoxy resin, and curing and molding the glass fiber and polyester surface felt in the mold through the mold manufactured in the step (3) and then continuously demolding to obtain a section;
(5) and cutting the section according to the required length to obtain the high-performance composite material bridge panel.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step (1), each layer of the multiaxial fabric is formed by two layers of biaxial perpendicular fiberglass cloth, and the layers of the multiaxial fabric are overlapped or 45 ° staggered.
8. The method for manufacturing the high-performance composite material bridge panel according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the number of the designed webs of the die is 2-7, and the designed webs are arranged at the same interval.
9. The manufacturing method of the high-performance composite material bridge panel according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), arc-shaped transition with uniform size is reserved among the web plate, the bottom plate and the top plate of the mold to prevent stress concentration, and the radius of the arc is 5-20 mm.
10. The method for manufacturing a high-performance composite material bridge deck according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the design of the mold determines the geometrical parameters of the section.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201155084Y (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2008-11-26 | 万水 | Pultrusion resin based fiber-reinforced plastic section bar |
| CN103031806A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-10 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) pultruded profile for bridge, forming equipment and preparation method |
| US20170298581A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-10-19 | Composites Intellectual Holdings, Inc. | Composite structural panel and method of fabrication |
| CN110409712A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 清华大学 | Prestressing force answers material-ultra-high performance concrete combination beam |
| CN212021859U (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-11-27 | 南京工业大学 | Large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking pultruded profile as sandwich |
-
2022
- 2022-05-19 CN CN202210558097.2A patent/CN114991007A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201155084Y (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2008-11-26 | 万水 | Pultrusion resin based fiber-reinforced plastic section bar |
| CN103031806A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-10 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) pultruded profile for bridge, forming equipment and preparation method |
| US20170298581A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-10-19 | Composites Intellectual Holdings, Inc. | Composite structural panel and method of fabrication |
| CN110409712A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 清华大学 | Prestressing force answers material-ultra-high performance concrete combination beam |
| CN212021859U (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-11-27 | 南京工业大学 | Large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking pultruded profile as sandwich |
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