CN110862268B - Composite ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110862268B
CN110862268B CN201911227010.8A CN201911227010A CN110862268B CN 110862268 B CN110862268 B CN 110862268B CN 201911227010 A CN201911227010 A CN 201911227010A CN 110862268 B CN110862268 B CN 110862268B
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parts
composite ceramic
ceramic material
mullite powder
ethanol
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CN201911227010.8A
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CN110862268A (en
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刘颂辉
郑江标
易灿
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Dongguan Kingwahoo Electronics Co ltd
Lengshuijiang Huixin Electronic Ceramic Co ltd
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Dongguan Kingwahoo Electronics Co ltd
Lengshuijiang Huixin Electronic Ceramic Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/17—Casings characterised by the casing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a composite ceramic material, a preparation method and application thereof. The composite ceramic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-85 parts of mullite powder, 10-35 parts of zirconia, 3-7 parts of additive and 10-30 parts of pore-forming agent. Uniformly mixing mullite powder, zirconia, an additive and a pore-forming agent according to the parts by weight, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property; pouring the slurry into a mould for normal pressure firing to obtain the composite ceramic material.

Description

Composite ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ceramic materials, relates to a ceramic fuse tube material, and in particular relates to a composite ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of electronic technology and the daily and monthly variation of electronic equipment, 5G communication, automatic intelligent equipment, new energy electric automobiles and the like enter the rapid development period in advance, and the development is more towards microminiaturization, integration, intelligent automation and precision. The traditional ceramic fuse tube mostly adopts materials such as 95 porcelain and 75 porcelain as the shell, and the requirements of the ceramic fuse tube, miniaturization, paster and great improvement of the performance parameters are hardly met due to the singleness of the materials, so that the novel composite ceramic material needs to be developed and invented to miniaturize the fuse tube in the appearance volume. The upper paster is used, the breaking current and voltage are larger in performance, and the follow current is smaller. The anti-riot performance is safer and stronger to meet the requirement of protecting equipment progress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite ceramic material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-85 parts of mullite powder, 10-35 parts of zirconia, 3-7 parts of additive and 10-30 parts of pore-forming agent.
According to the invention, the mullite powder has a purity of electrically fused mullite powder with an aluminum content of more than 70 wt%. Preferably, the weight parts are 65-80 parts and 65-75 parts.
According to the invention, the zirconia has a purity of at least 99%. Preferably, the weight parts of the zirconia are 15-30 parts and 20-25 parts.
According to the invention, the additive is barium carbonate and/or magnesium oxide. Preferably, the weight part of the additive is 4-6 parts.
According to the invention, the pore-forming agent is TW series pore-forming agent. Preferably, the weight part of the pore-forming agent is 15-25 parts.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite ceramic material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing mullite powder, zirconia, an additive and a pore-forming agent according to the parts by weight, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mould for normal pressure firing to obtain the composite ceramic material.
According to the invention, in step (1), the weight ratio of the mixture to ethanol is 1 (0.8-1.5).
According to the invention, in the step (2), foam discharging is also needed after the slurry is poured into a die so as to make the density of the composite ceramic obtained by sintering uniform.
According to the invention, in the step (2), the firing temperature is 1600-1700 ℃ and the firing time is 2-4h.
According to the invention, in step (2), the firing is performed under an inert atmosphere, for example, under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere.
The invention also provides the composite ceramic material prepared by the method.
The invention also provides application of the composite ceramic material as a ceramic protective tube shell material.
The invention also provides a ceramic protective tube shell containing the composite ceramic material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a ceramic material with air permeability, high thermal stability, high breaking capacity and high explosion resistance, which is prepared by matching mullite powder with small expansion coefficient, low thermal conductivity and good thermal stability, yttrium stabilized zirconia material and pore-forming agent, so that high Wen Youyu thermal expansion and uniformity of thermal conduction generated by instant fuse fusing are realized, and damage to a ceramic tube is reduced; meanwhile, the toughness of the ceramic tube is increased, the problem that the fuse is instantaneously melted is solved, high temperature is generated to enable contained air to rapidly expand, and sudden crack is generated due to insufficient strength; meanwhile, the pipe wall also has certain air permeability, so that the problem that the fuse is instantaneously melted to generate high temperature is well solved, the internal pressure generated by rapid expansion of the contained air can be evenly released from the pipe wall, the damage to the ceramic pipe is reduced, and the ceramic is prevented from being cracked.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All techniques implemented based on the above description of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials and reagents used in the following examples were either commercially available or may be prepared by known methods.
Example 1
The composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing 70 parts of mullite powder (electric melting mullite powder with aluminum content of 85 wt%), 15 parts of zirconia (purity 99%), 5 parts of magnesia and 10 parts of TW series pore-forming agents, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mould, discharging bubbles, and performing normal-pressure firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1600 ℃ and the firing time is 3 hours under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain the composite ceramic material.
The porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 25 percent, and the density is 3.18g/cm -3 The flexural strength is 343MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 133W/mK.
Example 2
The composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing 80 parts of mullite powder (the electric melting mullite powder with the aluminum content of 90 wt%), 20 parts of zirconia (the purity of 99%), 5 parts of magnesia and 15 parts of TW series pore-forming agents, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:1.2 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mould, discharging bubbles, and performing normal-pressure firing at 1660 ℃ for 3.5h in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the composite ceramic material.
The porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 23 percent, and the density is 2.98g/cm -3 Flexural strength 338MPa, and thermal conductivity 145W/mK.
Example 3
The composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing 85 parts of mullite powder (electric melting mullite powder with aluminum content of 85 wt%), 35 parts of zirconia (purity 99%), 5 parts of magnesia and 20 parts of TW series pore-forming agents, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:0.8 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mold, discharging bubbles, and performing normal-pressure firing at 1700 ℃ for 2 hours in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the composite ceramic material.
The porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 25 percent, and the density is 3.21g/cm -3 Flexural strength 306MPa, thermal conductivity 139W/mK.
Example 4
The composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing 65 parts of mullite powder (the electric melting mullite powder with the aluminum content of 95 wt%), 30 parts of zirconia (with the purity of 99%), 6 parts of magnesia and 20 parts of TW series pore formers, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:1.5 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mould, discharging bubbles, and performing normal-pressure firing at 1680 ℃ for 3 hours in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the composite ceramic material.
The porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 23 percent, and the density is 3.02g/cm -3 Flexural strength 335MPa, and thermal conductivity 142W/mK.
Example 5
The composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Pulping: uniformly mixing 70 parts of mullite powder (electric melting mullite powder with aluminum content of 85 wt%), 15 parts of zirconia (purity 99%), 5 parts of magnesia and 18 parts of TW series pore-forming agents, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
(2) Pouring the slurry into a mold, discharging bubbles, and performing normal-pressure firing at 1640 ℃ for 4 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the composite ceramic material.
The porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 20 percent, and the density is 2.92g/cm -3 The flexural strength is 320MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 133W/mK.
Test case
The composite ceramic materials prepared in examples 1 to 5 were fabricated into fuse ceramic tubes according to a method known in the art, and the fuse was assembled by using an assembling machine from a copper cap, a fuse (nichrome), and the composite ceramic tubes. The assembled fuse is subjected to breaking experiments, and current is introduced to the fuse to be safely broken. The maximum safe break current values for the different ceramic tube fuses are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Category(s) Maximum safe breaking current
Example 1 composite ceramic tube 320A
Example 2 composite ceramic tube 331A
Example 3 composite ceramic tube 305A
Example 4 composite ceramic tube 313A
Example 5 composite ceramic tube 318A
Mullite 30A
The mechanism of the invention: the ceramic fuse tube has high breaking capacity and high explosion resistance, and has ceramic casing of the same thickness and capable of bearing the energy impact of fusing arc produced instantaneously with voltage and current.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. An application of composite ceramic material as the shell material of ceramic protective tube is characterized in that,
the composite ceramic material is prepared by the following steps:
1) Pulping: 80 parts of mullite powder: 90wt% of aluminum-containing electrofused mullite powder and 20 parts of zirconia: uniformly mixing 99% of purity, 5 parts of magnesium oxide and 15 parts of TW series pore-forming agents, dispersing the mixture in ethanol, and ball milling the mixture and the ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:1.2 to prepare slurry with excellent rheological property;
2) Pouring the slurry into a mold, discharging bubbles, and then performing normal-pressure firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1660 ℃ and the firing time is 3.5h under the nitrogen atmosphere, so as to obtain the composite ceramic material;
the porosity of the prepared composite ceramic material is 23 percent, and the density is 2.98g/cm -3 Flexural strength 338MPa, and thermal conductivity 145W/mK.
CN201911227010.8A 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Composite ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof Active CN110862268B (en)

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CN110862268B true CN110862268B (en) 2023-07-21

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5635120A (en) * 1994-07-21 1997-06-03 Caterpillar Inc. Process for forming a mullite-zirconia engine part
CN101172882A (en) * 2007-10-26 2008-05-07 华南理工大学 Method for producing high-strength shock resistant heat insulating porous ceramic
CN101186492A (en) * 2007-12-25 2008-05-28 湖南新世纪陶瓷有限公司 Mullite nano crystallite ceramic product and preparation method thereof
CN101967064A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-02-09 哈尔滨工业大学 Protein foaming method for preparing porous ceramics composite material
CN103553705A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-02-05 北京科技大学 Method for preparing cordierite porous ceramic by taking purified coal gangue as raw material
CN109627011A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-16 萍乡学院 A kind of preparation method and porous ceramics of the porous ceramics with concentric holes
CN109912300A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-06-21 永州明睿陶瓷科技有限公司 A kind of low-density high-heat resistance shock resistant composite ceramic material and preparation method thereof and preparation method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5635120A (en) * 1994-07-21 1997-06-03 Caterpillar Inc. Process for forming a mullite-zirconia engine part
CN101172882A (en) * 2007-10-26 2008-05-07 华南理工大学 Method for producing high-strength shock resistant heat insulating porous ceramic
CN101186492A (en) * 2007-12-25 2008-05-28 湖南新世纪陶瓷有限公司 Mullite nano crystallite ceramic product and preparation method thereof
CN101967064A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-02-09 哈尔滨工业大学 Protein foaming method for preparing porous ceramics composite material
CN103553705A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-02-05 北京科技大学 Method for preparing cordierite porous ceramic by taking purified coal gangue as raw material
CN109627011A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-16 萍乡学院 A kind of preparation method and porous ceramics of the porous ceramics with concentric holes
CN109912300A (en) * 2019-05-06 2019-06-21 永州明睿陶瓷科技有限公司 A kind of low-density high-heat resistance shock resistant composite ceramic material and preparation method thereof and preparation method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
顾幸勇 等.MgO 对原位烧结含锆莫来石材料性能影响的研究.中国陶瓷.2006,第42卷(第8期),结论部分. *

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