CN110857884A - Method and system for determining distribution rule of photosynthetic effective radiation of mulberry canopy - Google Patents
Method and system for determining distribution rule of photosynthetic effective radiation of mulberry canopy Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2001/4266—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for measuring solar light
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry cultivation, and discloses a method and a system for determining the distribution rule of photosynthetic active radiation of a mulberry canopy, which are used for determining the structure of the mulberry canopy; the three-dimensional space photosynthetic effective radiation data of the aged mulberries are collected through a canopy instrument, and the space-time distribution characteristics of the mulberry canopy light intensity and the light interception rate are analyzed. The method scientifically determines the structure of the mulberry canopy, guides the construction of a reasonable mulberry canopy structure, keeps a coordinated relationship between the dynamic growth of a tree body and the static population structure, the spatial distribution of branches and leaves and the like of the mulberry garden in the management of the aged mulberry garden, improves the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy, and further improves the yield of the mulberry; the method for determining and scientifically determining the mulberry canopy structure and constructing the reasonable canopy structure has important significance for improving the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy and improving the yield of the mulberry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry cultivation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for determining a distribution rule of photosynthetic effective radiation of a mulberry canopy.
Background
The sericulture industry is a characteristic industry with traditional advantages in China and is also an outward-oriented foreign exchange-creating industry. In the past, China civilization is spread all over the world through a silk road, and China economy is prosperous. The mulberry is used as the foundation of the silkworm industry, and in the management of grown mulberry fields, the key point of high quality and high yield is that the dynamic growth of tree bodies and the static population structure, the branch and leaf space distribution and the like of the mulberry fields keep a coordinated relationship. Therefore, the scientific determination of the mulberry canopy structure and the establishment of a reasonable canopy structure have great significance for improving the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy and improving the yield of the mulberry.
Currently, research on plant canopy structure and light energy utilization is mostly performed on a light structure model based on several assumed conditions. Most of these studies are carried out in relatively homogeneous field crops, such as cotton, wheat, soybean, corn and other crops, and the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation in the canopy is mainly studied on tall trees, such as apple, fir, pinus sylvestris and poplar; larch and Chinese pine are studied, and almost no research and determination method is available for the distribution of photosynthetic active radiation in the mulberry canopy.
The distribution of light in the mulberry crown is closely related to the shape, the number of branches and leaves, the density of branches and leaves and the spatial distribution of different branches, and directly influences the formation of flower buds, flowering, fruit setting, fruit development and fruit quality. Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is the part of solar Radiation with a waveband of 400-760 nm, which can be absorbed by chloroplasts of green plants and used for photosynthesis, realizing substance accumulation. PAR is the basic energy for forming biological yield, directly influences the growth, development, yield and product quality of plants, and is one of the most important wave bands in solar radiation spectrum reaching the ground surface, so the PAR distribution rule in the crop canopy becomes the most active content in the research of light distribution in the plant canopy. The mulberry canopy structure includes the size, shape, spatial distribution and direction of the above-ground branches, trunks, leaves, fruits and other elements, and the canopy structure shows differences due to different cultivation measures and is dynamically changed. The complete and reasonable description of the structure is an important means for researching the dynamic growth of the mulberry canopy structure, the change of the light distribution rule in the canopy and the photosynthetic property of the mulberry canopy structure, and providing theoretical basis for the optimization of the mulberry shaping and trimming canopy.
In recent years, there are various observation instruments and observation methods for light in plant canopy. The early observation instruments are mostly point-shaped, such as a sky radiometer and an LI-190SA point photosynthetically active radiometric light quantum measuring instrument of LI-COR company. The photosensing area of the point-like par observation instrument is usually small, and a measured value only represents one point and cannot reflect the average value level of a corresponding measuring space, so that in actual measurement, a plurality of instruments are usually arranged and a method for making a plurality of measurements to make up for the defect is adopted. In order to make the PAR values measured by the apparatus uniform and representative, measuring instruments capable of measuring in a certain direction, i.e., a linear photosynthetic active radiation analyzer and a tubular photosynthetic active radiation analyzer, have been developed. However, since only one sensor is arranged on the guide rail, the acquired data has poor synchronism and time continuity. The tubular effective radiation determinator is equivalent to an improved version of a linear photosynthetic effective radiation determinator, dozens or even hundreds of sensors are embedded in the sensitive surface soil of the instrument surface of the tubular photosynthetic effective radiation determinator, the average values of different sensors at the same time are taken when data measurement is carried out, and the synchronism of the tubular effective radiation determinator is greatly improved compared with that of the linear photosynthetic effective radiation determinator. Most of the measurement results of the above methods are lattice distribution in one-dimensional or two-dimensional space, and with the development of scientific technology, the determination of three-dimensional space distribution of PAR in plant canopy has become an important subject of current research.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: greatly increased the amount of labour, the measuring result is mostly the dot matrix distribution in one-dimensional or two-dimensional space, can't utilize current instrument to obtain the three-dimensional spatial distribution of PAR in the plant canopy and survey, leads to the error great.
The prior art cannot completely and reasonably describe the dynamic growth of the mulberry canopy structure, the change of the light distribution rule in the canopy and the photosynthetic property of the mulberry canopy structure, and cannot provide theoretical basis for shaping and trimming the mulberry canopy and optimizing the mulberry canopy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for determining the distribution rule of photosynthetic effective radiation of a mulberry canopy.
The invention is realized in this way, a mulberry canopy photosynthetic active radiation distribution law determination method, the mulberry canopy photosynthetic active radiation distribution law determination method includes:
determining the structure of the mulberry tree canopy;
the three-dimensional space photosynthetic effective radiation data of the aged mulberries are collected through a canopy instrument, and the space-time distribution characteristics of the mulberry canopy light intensity and the light interception rate are analyzed.
Furthermore, the measurement object is to plant a mulberry with a high yield of 3 years or more.
Further, the canopy instrument measuring method comprises the following steps:
in the whole crown, the vertical dimension is from the crown top to the crown bottom, and the horizontal dimension occupies the space along the crown width from east to west and from north to south; selecting the measuring points according to the principle of uniform distribution on the direction line; the selection method comprises the following steps: vertical dimension, which is to select a point from the crown top, 2/3H in the crown and below the crown along the crown height; when measuring in the middle crown and under the crown, the crown webs are respectively equally divided in the straight line direction from east to west and from north to south by the horizontal scale, and a point is taken every 1/5 crown webs.
Further, the measuring content includes:
photosynthetically active radiation PAR, ratio T of canopy lower PAR to canopy upper PAR, ratio of scattered beam radiation to radiation directly from the sun and from all environments Fb, leaf area per unit area of land L.
Further, the processing of the time-space distribution characteristic data for analyzing the light interception rate comprises:
f (canopy light interception) is 1-T, T is T/S, where S is the PAR above the plant canopy and T is the PAR reading below the plant canopy.
Further, analyzing the space-time distribution characteristics of the light intensity of the mulberry canopy, comprising: the illumination intensity PAR above the canopy, the illumination intensity below the canopy, the extinction coefficient and the leaf area index are in the following relations: qi is Qo · e-K · LAI; wherein: qi is the illumination intensity under the canopy, Qo is the illumination intensity on the canopy, K is the extinction coefficient, and LAI is the leaf area index; k · LAI is extinction degree R, representing the effect of canopy on the absorption of light intensity, where R ═ ln (Qo/Qi).
The invention also aims to provide a system for measuring the distribution rule of the photosynthetic active radiation of the mulberry canopy.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the method scientifically determines the structure of the mulberry canopy, guides the construction of a reasonable mulberry canopy structure, keeps a coordinated relationship between the dynamic growth of a tree body and the static population structure, the spatial distribution of branches and leaves and the like of the mulberry garden in the management of the aged mulberry garden, and can improve the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy by 10 percent through reasonably cutting by determining the structure of the mulberry canopy, thereby improving the yield of the mulberry.
The sericulture industry is a characteristic industry with traditional advantages in China and is also an outward-oriented foreign exchange-creating industry. In the past, China civilization is spread all over the world through a silk road, and China economy is prosperous. The mulberry is used as the foundation of the silkworm industry, and in the management of grown mulberry fields, the key point of high quality and high yield is that the dynamic growth of tree bodies and the static population structure, the branch and leaf space distribution and the like of the mulberry fields keep a coordinated relationship. Therefore, the scientific determination of the mulberry canopy structure and the establishment of a reasonable canopy structure have great significance for improving the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy and improving the yield of the mulberry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a distribution rule of photosynthetically active radiation of a mulberry canopy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional spatial range of an acquisition provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The plant canopy structure is an important component of the plant population structure and has important influence on the substance production and the economic yield of the plant population, so that various indexes of the plant canopy structure become important bases for evaluating the quality of the plant population structure and discussing the production capacity of different populations. The mulberry is originated from China, not only extends to provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, but also has extremely rich germplasm resources, is used as the basis of the characteristic industry of the mulberry industry with traditional advantages in China, and in the management of grown mulberry fields, the key point of high quality and high yield is that the dynamic growth of trees and the static population structure, the branch and leaf spatial distribution and the like of the mulberry fields keep a coordinated relationship. Therefore, the scientific determination of the mulberry canopy structure and the construction of the reasonable canopy structure have great significance for improving the photosynthetically active radiation and light interception rate of the mulberry canopy and improving the yield of the mulberry.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for determining a distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of a mulberry canopy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101: and (5) determining the structure of the mulberry canopy.
S102: collecting Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) data of grown mulberry in three-dimensional space by a canopy instrument, and analyzing the space-time distribution characteristics of the light intensity and the light interception rate of the mulberry canopy in each mode.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The method for determining the distribution rule of the photosynthetic effective radiation of the mulberry canopy provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1 object of measurement
Planting high-yield mulberry trees with the age of more than 3 years.
2 instrumentation
Plant canopy tester
3 measurement method
3.1 data acquisition three-dimensional spatial extent, as shown in FIG. 2.
In the whole crown, the vertical dimension is from the crown top to the crown bottom, and the horizontal dimension occupies the space along the crown width from east to west and from north to south. The selection of the measuring points follows the principle of uniform distribution on the direction line: and (3) selecting one point from the crown top, the crown middle (2/3H) and the crown lower (mulberry fist) along the crown height, wherein the points are 3 points in total, and when the measurement is carried out in the crown middle and the crown lower, the crown breadth is equally divided into 5 parts along the straight line direction from east to west and from north to south respectively along the horizontal scale, and one point is taken from the crown breadth every 1/5.
3.2 assay content
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), ratio of canopy lower PAR to canopy upper PAR (T), ratio of scattered beam radiation to radiation directly from the sun and from all environments (e.g. reflection from atmosphere or other surfaces) (Fb), leaf area per unit area of land (L).
4 data processing
f (canopy intensity intercept ratio) is 1-T, and T is T/S, wherein S is PAR above the plant canopy, and T is the PAR reading below the plant canopy.
The illumination intensity (PAR) above the canopy, the illumination intensity below the canopy, the extinction coefficient, and the leaf area index are in the following relationship: qi is Qo · e-K · LAI. Wherein: qi is the illumination intensity under the canopy, Qo is the illumination intensity on the canopy, K is the extinction coefficient, and LAI is the leaf area index. K · LAI is the extinction degree R, reflecting the effect of the crown on the absorption of the illumination intensity, R ═ ln (Qo/Qi).
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for determining the distribution law of the photosynthetic active radiation of the mulberry canopy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the structure of the mulberry tree canopy;
the three-dimensional space photosynthetic effective radiation data of the aged mulberries are collected through a canopy instrument, and the space-time distribution characteristics of the mulberry canopy light intensity and the light interception rate are analyzed.
2. The method for determining the distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of mulberry canopy according to claim 1,
the measured object is planted with mulberry trees with the age of more than 3 years.
3. The method for determining the distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of mulberry canopy according to claim 1, wherein the canopy instrument determination method comprises:
in the whole crown, the vertical dimension is from the crown top to the crown bottom, and the horizontal dimension occupies the space along the crown width from east to west and from north to south; selecting the measuring points according to the principle of uniform distribution on the direction line; the selection method comprises the following steps: vertical dimension, which is to select a point from the crown top, 2/3H in the crown and below the crown along the crown height; when measuring in the middle crown and under the crown, the crown webs are respectively equally divided in the straight line direction from east to west and from north to south by the horizontal scale, and a point is taken every 1/5 crown webs.
4. The method for determining the distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of mulberry canopy according to claim 1, wherein the determination comprises:
photosynthetically active radiation PAR, ratio T of canopy lower PAR to canopy upper PAR, ratio of scattered beam radiation to radiation directly from the sun and from all environments Fb, leaf area per unit area of land L.
5. The method for determining the distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of mulberry canopy according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics data for analyzing the light interception rate comprises:
f (canopy light interception) is 1-T, T is T/S, where S is the PAR above the plant canopy and T is the PAR reading below the plant canopy.
6. The method for determining the distribution law of photosynthetically active radiation of mulberry canopy according to claim 1, wherein analyzing the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the light intensity of the mulberry canopy comprises: the illumination intensity PAR above the canopy, the illumination intensity below the canopy, the extinction coefficient and the leaf area index are in the following relations: qi is Qo · e-K · LAI; wherein: qi is the illumination intensity under the canopy, Qo is the illumination intensity on the canopy, K is the extinction coefficient, and LAI is the leaf area index; k · LAI is extinction degree R, representing the effect of canopy on the absorption of light intensity, where R ═ ln (Qo/Qi).
7. A mulberry canopy photosynthetic active radiation distribution law measuring system according to the mulberry canopy photosynthetic active radiation distribution law measuring method of claim 1.
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| CN111414710A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 四川大学 | Construction and detection method for illumination distribution of fruit tree canopy |
| CN113077077A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 四川农业大学 | Method, device and equipment for evaluating planting yield of strip-shaped compound crops and storage medium |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN113077077A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 四川农业大学 | Method, device and equipment for evaluating planting yield of strip-shaped compound crops and storage medium |
| CN113077077B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-05-27 | 四川农业大学 | Method, device and equipment for evaluating planting yield of strip-shaped compound crops and storage medium |
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