CN103278503A - Multi-sensor technology-based grape water stress diagnosis method and system therefor - Google Patents
Multi-sensor technology-based grape water stress diagnosis method and system therefor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-sensor technology-based grape water stress diagnosis method and a system therefor. The multi-sensor technology-based grape water stress diagnosis method comprises the following steps of 1, acquiring a canopy coverage rate value, a canopy temperature characteristic value and a canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of a grape sample for modeling, 2, building a detection model by the canopy coverage rate value, the canopy temperature characteristic value and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value as input variables, and a canopy water stress level as an output variable, and 3, by the step 1, acquiring a canopy coverage rate value, a canopy temperature characteristic value and a canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of a grape sample needing to be detected, and substituting the acquired canopy coverage rate value, the canopy temperature characteristic value and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value into the detection model, and calculating a canopy water stress level of the detected grape sample. Through utilization of the multispectral imaging technology, the thermal infrared imaging technology and the multiple informative data fusion technology, the multi-sensor technology-based grape water stress diagnosis method realizes fast, early-stage and real-time detection of a grape water stress level and improves a detection precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection range of crops water stress diagnosis, relate in particular to a kind of grape water stress diagnostic method and system based on multi-sensor technology.
Background technology
Moisture is deep to the influence of vintage and self growth, and water stress at first influences plant physiological metabolism process, finally shows as the influence to growing.Be in particular in: water deficit, the growth of each tissue of grape and organ will be obstructed, and photosynthesis weakens.Water stress is to the influence of Physiology and biochemistry aspects such as the morphological index of fruit tree leaves, root and microstructure thereof, the behavior of blade pore, photosynthesis, light inhibition, enzymatic activity, endogenous hormones variation report to some extent all, and is wherein particularly outstanding to photosynthetic influence.Water stress is grown grape growth and is produced physiological barrier, reduce vintage, influences the grape berry quality, is the important envirment factor of restriction grape and related industry thereof.In wine-growing the area very wide north and knob, the situation of ubiquity drought and water shortage, quick diagnosis water deficit in a plant situation, science accurately instructs irrigation, effectively utilizes limited water resource, guarantees the good quality and high output of grape, becomes the problem of needing solution badly.
At present at home, the detection means that plant moisture is coerced is backward relatively, the overwhelming majority is carried out sense organ identification by the experience of peasant's long-term accumulation and is judged, this subjective assessment method is subjected to condition effect such as personal experience, color detection power and light, and great majority rest in the qualitative judgement, its objectivity, accuracy are relatively poor, cause that easily the lack of water because of crop causes the underproduction etc.Plant moisture coerce fast, the Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement integrated use new and high technologies such as computing machine and photoelectric sensor, caused at present the great attention of domestic and international association area, occurred up to now such as technology such as Acoustic detection, chlorophyll fluorescence technology, spectrum detection technique and machine vision.
Multi-optical spectrum imaging technology is a kind of technology that can gather wave band digital pictures such as visible spectrum and infrared spectrum simultaneously and analyze.It combines the strong point of spectral analysis technique (sensitive band extraction) and computer image processing technology, can remedy the more weak and narrow shortcoming of RGB image receptive field of spectrometer antijamming capability simultaneously.At complicated external environment condition and different crop canopies structure, utilize multi-optical spectrum imaging technology, obtain shape information and the characteristic information of plant in the near infrared spectrum image, the plant canopy structure is carried out accurate detection.
The crop canopies temperature has become the important indicator of differentiating the crop water situation, utilizes the crop canopies temperature to survey the crop water situation and receives publicity day by day.With canopy surface temperature diagnosis crop water situation can overcome measure the monolithic leaf gentle sampling error, it can be measured quickly and accurately than the crop water situation in the large tracts of land scope.Whether crop water stress index monitoring crop suffers water stress, is a very effective index, but at home, adopts thermal infrared imaging to the research of grape water stress rarely seen report also.
Photosynthetically active radiation refers to can be absorbed for photosynthesis by the chloroplast of green plants in the solar radiation, thereby realizes this part radiation of substance accumulation.The canopy structure of plant namely is the total green overlayer of plant population's aerial part, and it affects plant to the intercepting and capturing of the effective radiation of the sun, is a kind of index of Indirect evaluation crop water situation.Thereby adopting at present the photosynthetically active radiation value to estimate canopy structure carries out correlative study to the water stress of crop and carries out fewerly.
All there is a common problem in the technology that the above measurement crop water that adopts is coerced, and namely accuracy of detection is not high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of grape water stress diagnostic method and system based on multi-sensor technology, by introducing the data fusion technology of multi-optical spectrum imaging technology, thermal infrared imaging technology and many information, can realize early stage, quick, the detection in real time of grape water stress degree, improve accuracy of detection.
A kind of grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses modeling grape sample, gather canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of described modeling grape sample;
(2) be input variable with described canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and canopy photosynthetically active radiation value, canopy water stress grade is that output variable is set up model as the formula (1):
Y＝-0.03x
1+3.43x
2+2.25x
3 （1）
Wherein, x
1Be canopy coverage value, x
2Be canopy surface temperature eigenwert, x
3Be canopy photosynthetically active radiation value; Y is canopy water stress grade;
(3) gather canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of grape sample to be measured according to the method for step (1), in the substitution formula (1), calculate the canopy water stress grade of grape sample to be measured.
The quality of cutting apart of image has directly determined water characteristic to extract and the precision of described model, preferably, gather described modeling grape sample canopy in the step (1) at the monochrome image of nearly red wave band, adopt two-dimentional maximum informational entropy thresholding method that described monochrome image is carried out background segment, calculate described grape canopy coverage value.
More preferably, described monochrome image is carried out adopting median filtering method that described monochrome image is carried out pre-service before the background segment.More have superiority than the traditional images split plot design.
As preferably, gather the thermal infrared images of described modeling grape sample canopy in the step (1), extract canopy surface temperature information, gather the temperature information of atmosphere at that time simultaneously, with the difference of canopy surface temperature information and atmospheric temperature information as described canopy surface temperature eigenwert.
The canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of grape refers to that sunshine sees through the ratio of the luminous energy that the grape canopy obtains on the ground, and wherein the computing formula of Cai Yonging is:
LI=[1-(canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun of lower part) * (canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun on top)
-1] (2)
Wherein LI is the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of grape;
During collection, gather respectively canopy with the effective radiation value of the sun on top and canopy with the effective radiation value of the sun of lower part, through type (2) calculates canopy photosynthetically active radiation value LI then.
Institute of the present invention established model has adopted multicomponent linear regressioning technology, it is a kind of comparatively widely used multivariate calibration methods, it is by the optimization to the independent variable weight, improve interpretability and the prediction effect of regression model, can solve multivariable linear regression problem preferably, adopt described multiple linear regression modeling method to set up model, can guarantee the accuracy of described model.
The present invention also provides a kind of grape water stress diagnostic system based on multi-sensor technology, comprising:
Be used for gathering grape sample canopy at the multi-spectral imager of the monochrome image of near-infrared band;
The thermal infrared imaging instrument that is used for the thermal infrared images of collection grape sample canopy;
Be used for gathering the photosynthetic effective radiation detection instrument of wire of grape sample canopy photosynthetically active radiation value;
And for the treatment of described monochrome image, thermal infrared images and canopy photosynthetically active radiation value and export the computing machine of described grape sample canopy water stress grade.
Transmit data by image collection card between described multi-spectral imager and the computing machine.
Described multi-spectral imager is preferably the MS3100Duncan Camera of U.S. Redlake company, can realize obtaining synchronously the different-waveband image, be conducive to the extraction of each independent wave band characteristics of image, because need not to carry out the figure registration, also be easy to realize the Pixel-level computing of multispectral image.
Described image collection card is preferably PCI1424 or 1428 data collecting cards of American National Instrument Instrument company, PCI1424 or 1428 data collecting cards not only are complementary with MS3100Duncan Camera, can satisfy needs such as image acquisition port number, sampling rate and resolution simultaneously.
Described thermal infrared imaging instrument adopts FLIR SC655 thermal infrared imaging instrument; Described multi-spectral imager gathers image and the used light source of FLIR SC655 thermal infrared imaging instrument collection canopy surface temperature information is preferably natural light, adopt natural light to make to adopt image light even, compare with artificial light sourcess such as Halogen lamp LEDs, the image that adopts natural light to obtain can better must carry out follow-up analyses such as image pre-service, and need not light source is carried out artificial adjusting etc., and make things convenient for the field operation.
Described multi-spectral imager, FLIR SC655 thermal infrared imaging instrument can by arrange adjustable-angle, highly, the tripod of movable base or stationary installations such as vehicle that adjustable mechanical extending arm height, angle be installed fix, adopt tripod to install in the time of in being used for the greenhouse, when being used for the field, adopt vehicle to install.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) powerful, can realize quick, stable, the nondestructive diagnosis of grape water stress degree, and accomplish early detection as much as possible;
(2) accuracy height, total system is subjected to external environmental interference little, and the model of setting up is to the prediction accuracy height of water stress grade.
(3) fast operation, grape water stress diagnostic model is in case after setting up, can realize obtaining in real time of farmland grape water stress.
(4) easy to use, when each assembly of detection system all connect finish after, last image acquisition analytical work is finished by image analysis processing software.
Description of drawings
Relation when Fig. 1 is modelling verification between the moisture percentage of the actual measurement moisture levels of 12 grape canopy samples and match.
Embodiment
The present invention comprises multi-spectral imager, thermal infrared imaging instrument, the photosynthetic effective radiation detection instrument of wire and computing machine for detection of the system of grape canopy information, transmit data by image collection card between multi-spectral imager and the computing machine, image pick-up card is connected on the multi-spectral imager, multi-spectral imager is connected with computing machine by RS-232 Serial Port Line and image acquisition data line card, and computing machine is provided with image processing software.
Wherein, multi-spectral imager is the MS3100Duncan Camera of U.S. Redlake company, thermal infrared imaging instrument model is FLIR SC655, their bottom be provided with adjustable-angle, highly, the tripod of movable base, camera lens is gathered image information vertically downward, image collection card is PCI1424 or 1428 data collecting cards of American National Instrument Instrument company, and it is natural light that the canopy surface temperature of the image acquisition of multi-spectral imager and thermal infrared imaging instrument is gathered used light source.
The photosynthetic effective radiation detection instrument model of wire: ACCUPAR LP-80, CID, Inc., Vancouver, WA.
Utilize multi-spectral imager to obtain 40 grape canopy samples at the monochrome image of green light band (550nm), red spectral band (650nm), three waveband channels of near-infrared band (800nm), monochrome image transfers to computing machine by image pick-up card, by the image processing software on the computing machine (Matlab9.0), adopt median filtering method that monochrome image is carried out pre-service, adopt two-dimentional maximum informational entropy thresholding method to carry out background segment after the pre-service, calculate 40 grape canopy coverage value.Reference literature: Zhang Xiaodong, Mao Hanping, Zuo Zhiyu, Gao Hongyan, Sun Jun, the 2011. rape water stress diagnosis based on multispectral vision technique. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 27 (3): disclosed method among the 152-157..
Utilize FLIR SC655 thermal infrared imaging instrument to gather the thermal infrared images of grape canopy, adopt FLIR ExaminIR software (FLIR SC655, FLIR systems) process software is handled thermal infrared images and is obtained grape canopy surface temperature information, and gather real-time atmospheric temperature information, with the difference of the grape canopy surface temperature value that obtains and atmospheric temperature as grape canopy surface temperature eigenwert.
Gather more than the grape canopy and with the solar radiation value of lower part with the photosynthetic effective radiation detection instrument of wire, calculate the photosynthetically active radiation value of grape canopy to be measured by following formula,
LI=[1-(canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun of lower part) * (canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun on top)
-1] wherein LI be the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of grape;
Wherein with the canopy coverage value of 28 grape samples, the canopy surface temperature eigenwert, canopy photosynthetically active radiation value is used for the correction of model.
In modeling process, with the input as model of the canopy coverage value of 28 grape samples, canopy surface temperature information, canopy photosynthetically active radiation value, be output with grape water stress grade, to the canopy coverage value, the canopy surface temperature eigenwert, carry out the numerical fitting based on the multiple linear regression theory between canopy photosynthetically active radiation value and the grape water stress grade, can be able to drag:
Y＝-0.03x
1+3.43x
2+2.25x
3
Wherein, x
1, x
2, x
3Be respectively grape canopy coverage value, grape canopy surface temperature eigenwert, grape canopy photosynthetically active radiation value; Y is grape water stress grade.
As canopy sample to be measured, with its canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and the above-mentioned model of canopy photosynthetically active radiation value substitution draw match moisture levels value with all the other 12 grape canopy samples; Simultaneously, utilize moisture transducer to obtain the actual measurement moisture levels of 12 grape canopy samples to be measured, be divided into 50%, 75% and 100%, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Set up the match moisture percentage of the above 12 grape canopy samples to be measured and the correlationship model between moisture levels, as shown in Figure 1, the coefficient of determination between match moisture content value and actual measurement moisture levels is 0.927, and the model prediction deviation is 0.073.Prove that thus institute of the present invention established model has improved precision of prediction, and detection method is easy.
Claims (6)
1. the grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses modeling grape sample, gather canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of described modeling grape sample;
(2) be input variable with described canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and canopy photosynthetically active radiation value, canopy water stress grade is that output variable is set up model as the formula (1):
Y＝-0.03x
1+3.43x
2+2.25x
3 （1）
Wherein, x
1Be canopy coverage value, x
2Be canopy surface temperature eigenwert, x
3Be canopy photosynthetically active radiation value; Y is canopy water stress grade;
(3) gather canopy coverage value, canopy surface temperature eigenwert and the canopy photosynthetically active radiation value of grape sample to be measured according to the method for step (1), in the substitution formula (1), calculate the canopy water stress grade of grape sample to be measured.
2. the grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, gather described modeling grape sample canopy in the step (1) at the monochrome image of nearly red wave band, adopt two-dimentional maximum informational entropy thresholding method that described monochrome image is carried out background segment, calculate described grape canopy coverage value.
3. the grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described monochrome image is carried out adopting median filtering method that described monochrome image is carried out pre-service before the background segment.
4. the grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, gather the thermal infrared images of described modeling grape sample canopy in the step (1), extract canopy surface temperature information, gather the temperature information of atmosphere at that time simultaneously, with the difference of canopy surface temperature information and atmospheric temperature information as described canopy surface temperature eigenwert.
5. the grape water stress diagnostic method based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, gather respectively in the step (1) modeling grape sample canopy with the effective radiation value of the sun on top and canopy with the effective radiation value of the sun of lower part, through type (2) calculates described canopy photosynthetically active radiation value
LI=[1-(canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun of lower part) * (canopy is with the effective radiation value of the sun on top)
-1] (2)
Wherein LI is canopy photosynthetically active radiation value.
6. grape water stress diagnostic system based on multi-sensor technology comprises:
Be used for gathering grape sample canopy at the multi-spectral imager of the monochrome image of near-infrared band;
The thermal infrared imaging instrument that is used for the thermal infrared images of collection grape sample canopy;
Be used for gathering the photosynthetic effective radiation detection instrument of wire of grape sample canopy photosynthetically active radiation value;
And for the treatment of described monochrome image, thermal infrared images and canopy photosynthetically active radiation value and export the computing machine of described grape sample canopy water stress grade.
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| CN103674998A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-03-26 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Plant health state detection method based on thermal imaging technology |
| CN104568750A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 无锡桑尼安科技有限公司 | Grape moisture stress detection method based on image processing |
| CN106546567A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江大学 | Plant drouhgt stress diagnostic method and device based on imaging-PAM technology |
| CN106556569A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of plant hydropenia condition diagnosing method based on infrared imaging |
| CN108469434A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-31 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of monitoring fruit tree whether the device and method of water shortage |
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| CN103674998B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-02-17 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Based on the plant health condition detection method of thermal imaging |
| CN103674998A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-03-26 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Plant health state detection method based on thermal imaging technology |
| CN104568750A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 无锡桑尼安科技有限公司 | Grape moisture stress detection method based on image processing |
| CN105181695A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-12-23 | 无锡桑尼安科技有限公司 | Image processing-based grape water stress detection method |
| CN105181647A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-12-23 | 无锡桑尼安科技有限公司 | Image processing-based grape water stress detection method |
| CN106546567B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-10-15 | 浙江大学 | Plant drouhgt stress diagnostic method and device based on imaging-PAM technology |
| CN106546567A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江大学 | Plant drouhgt stress diagnostic method and device based on imaging-PAM technology |
| CN106556569A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of plant hydropenia condition diagnosing method based on infrared imaging |
| CN108469434A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-31 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of monitoring fruit tree whether the device and method of water shortage |
| CN108469434B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2022-01-25 | 山东农业大学 | Device and method for monitoring whether fruit trees lack water |
| CN112488230A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-12 | 中国农业大学 | Crop water stress degree judging method and device based on machine learning |
| CN112586347A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-02 | 扬州大学 | Screening method of drought-resistant rice variety |
| CN112586347B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2023-08-22 | 扬州大学 | Screening method of drought-resistant rice variety |
| CN112931150A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 华南农业大学 | Irrigation system and method based on spectral response of citrus canopy |
| CN112931150B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-06-03 | 华南农业大学 | Irrigation system and method based on spectral response of citrus canopy |
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