CN110854982A - Battery interchange type capacitor module - Google Patents
Battery interchange type capacitor module Download PDFInfo
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- CN110854982A CN110854982A CN201911061060.3A CN201911061060A CN110854982A CN 110854982 A CN110854982 A CN 110854982A CN 201911061060 A CN201911061060 A CN 201911061060A CN 110854982 A CN110854982 A CN 110854982A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a battery interchange type capacitor module, which comprises a capacitor set and a conversion circuit, wherein the capacitor set and the conversion circuit are electrically connected; the conversion circuit comprises a charging module and a discharging module; the charging module comprises a constant-current constant-voltage module and a turn-off module; the discharging module comprises a protection module and a boosting module; the constant-current constant-voltage module is used for charging the capacitor bank; the turn-off module is used for turning off the constant-current constant-voltage module when the discharging of the capacitor bank is detected; the boosting module is used for discharging the capacitor bank; the protection module is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the boosting module; when the capacitor bank is charged, the constant-current constant-voltage module is conducted to charge the capacitor bank, and when the capacitor bank is full of electricity, the turn-off module turns off the constant-current constant-voltage module; when the capacitor bank discharges, the boosting module is connected, the capacitor bank discharges, and when the capacitor bank discharges to a preset voltage, the protection module disconnects the boosting module, so that the capacitor bank stops discharging. Therefore, the charging and discharging characteristics of the storage battery and the capacitor bank can be adjusted to be consistent, and the storage battery can be replaced by the capacitor bank.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of super capacitors, in particular to a battery interchange type capacitor module.
Background
The outdoor distribution network terminal adopting the storage battery has the advantages that the number of each area is large, the reliability of the storage battery meets the high-reliability requirement of a smart power grid, the cost of the operation during replacement is high for a high-voltage power line, the labor cost occupies the main part, and the super capacitor is taken as an energy storage source and is considered by each power operation unit at present.
However, due to the fact that the charging and discharging characteristics of the two devices are different, requirements for charging and discharging power supplies are completely different, actual replacement is changed into large transformation of equipment, and the situation is difficult to achieve on the site of a power supply line, and the application and the exertion of the advantages of the super capacitor are greatly hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a battery-interchangeable capacitor module, which can adjust the charging and discharging characteristics of a storage battery and a capacitor bank to be consistent, so as to replace the storage battery with the capacitor bank.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery interchange type capacitor module including a capacitor bank and a conversion circuit electrically connected;
the conversion circuit comprises a charging module and a discharging module, and the charging module and the discharging module are connected in parallel;
the charging module comprises a constant-current constant-voltage module and a turn-off module;
the discharging module comprises a protection module and a boosting module;
the input end of the constant-current and constant-voltage module is suitable for being electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module, and the output end of the constant-current and constant-voltage module is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank and used for transmitting the voltage output by the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module to the capacitor bank to charge the capacitor bank;
the turn-off module is connected with the constant current and constant voltage module in parallel, and is used for turning off the constant current and constant voltage module when the discharge of the capacitor bank is detected;
the input end of the boosting module is electrically connected with the output end of the capacitor bank, and the output end of the boosting module is suitable for being electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module and used for transmitting the voltage in the capacitor bank to the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module to discharge the capacitor bank;
the protection module is connected with the boosting module in series and used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the boosting module;
when the capacitor bank is charged, the constant current and constant voltage module is conducted to charge the capacitor bank, and when the capacitor bank is full of electric quantity, the turn-off module turns off the constant current and constant voltage module;
when the capacitor bank discharges, the boosting module is communicated, the capacitor bank discharges, when the capacitor bank discharges to a preset voltage, the protection module disconnects the boosting module, and the capacitor bank stops discharging.
In a possible implementation manner, the charging module further includes a first direct charging module and a detection module, the first direct charging module is connected in parallel with the constant current and constant voltage module, and an output end of the first direct charging module is used for being connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor bank;
the input end of the detection module is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank, and the output end of the detection module is electrically connected with the first direct charging module; the detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the capacitor bank and controlling the on-off of the first direct charging module;
when the detection module detects that the voltage of the capacitor bank is not less than the specified voltage, the first direct charging module is communicated to charge the capacitor bank.
In one possible implementation, the first direct-charging module includes a first transistor T1, a first diode D1, and a first parasitic diode D2;
the first transistor T1 is an N-channel, the drain of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, the source of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the gate of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the output end of the detection module;
the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected with the input end of the capacitor bank;
the first parasitic diode D2 is connected in parallel with the first transistor T1, an anode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to a source of the first transistor T1, and a cathode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to a drain of the first transistor T1.
In one possible implementation manner, the constant current and voltage module includes a second transistor T2, a first inductor L1, a third transistor T3, a second parasitic diode D3, a third parasitic diode D4, a first PWM driving module, a second diode D5, and a constant current and voltage feedback module;
the second transistor T2 is an N-channel, the drain of the second transistor T2 is adapted to be electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, the source of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the input end of the first inductor L1, and the gate of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the turn-off module;
the second parasitic diode D3 is connected in parallel with the second transistor T2, and the anode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the source of the second transistor T2, and the cathode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the drain of the second transistor T2;
the third transistor T3 is an N-channel, the output terminal of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3, the source of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the capacitor bank, and the gate of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first PWM driving module;
the third parasitic diode D4 is connected in parallel with the third transistor T3, and the anode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the source of the third transistor T3, and the cathode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3;
the anode of the second diode D5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank, and the cathode of the second diode D5 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T2;
the output end of the first PWM driving module is electrically connected with the input end of the constant-current constant-voltage feedback module, and the output end of the constant-current constant-voltage feedback module is electrically connected with the input end of the capacitor bank.
In one possible implementation, the discharge module further includes a third diode D6;
a cathode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, and an anode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the capacitor bank, so that when the capacitor bank is discharged and the voltage of the capacitor bank is greater than a predetermined voltage, the capacitor bank directly discharges the battery charging and discharging power supply module through the third diode D6;
when the protection module detects that the capacitor bank is smaller than or equal to the specified voltage, the boosting module is communicated, and the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module is powered through the boosting module.
In one possible implementation, the boost module includes a fourth transistor T4, a second inductor L2, a fourth parasitic diode D7, a fourth diode D8, a fifth transistor T5, a fifth parasitic diode D9, an output feedback module, and a second PWM driving module;
the fourth transistor T4 is an N-channel, the drain of the fourth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank, the source of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second inductor L2, and the gate of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the protection module;
the fourth parasitic diode D7 is connected in parallel with the fourth transistor T4, and the anode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to the source of the fourth transistor T4, and the cathode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to the drain of the fourth transistor T4;
the fifth transistor T5 and the fourth diode D8 are connected in parallel at the output end of the second inductor L2;
the output end of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected with the anode of the fourth diode D8, the cathode of the fourth diode D8 is electrically connected with the anode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, and the fourth diode D8 is connected with the second inductor in series;
the turn-off module and the second inductor L2 are connected in parallel at the source of the fourth transistor T4, and the input terminal of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected with the turn-off module,
the fifth transistor T5 is an N-channel, the drain of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second inductor L2, the source of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank, and the gate of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the second PWM;
the fifth parasitic diode D9 is connected in parallel with the fifth transistor T5, and an anode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a source of the fifth transistor T5, and a cathode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a drain of the fifth transistor T5;
the output feedback module and the second PWM driving module are connected in series, and the fourth diode D8, the output feedback module, the second PWM driving module and the fifth transistor T5 form a circulation loop.
In one possible implementation, the input terminal of the protection module is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor bank.
In a possible implementation mode, the device further comprises a shell and a cover plate, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell, and an opening is formed in one end of the shell;
the shape and the size of the shell cavity are matched with those of the capacitor bank, and the capacitor bank is placed in the shell cavity;
the conversion circuit is arranged on a conversion circuit board, and the size of the conversion circuit board is smaller than that of the shell;
the cover plate is fixedly connected to one side of the shell opening, and the plate surface of the cover plate covers the shell opening, so that the capacitor bank and the conversion circuit board are positioned in a closed space formed by the cover plate and the shell;
the cover plate is far away from the surface of the shell and is provided with a cover plate anode and a cover plate cathode, the cover plate anode is electrically connected with the conversion circuit board anode, and the cover plate cathode is electrically connected with the conversion circuit board cathode.
In one possible implementation, the capacitor bank includes a capacitor bank body and a balance circuit board;
the capacitor bank body is composed of a plurality of capacitor monomers, and the plurality of capacitor monomers are connected in series or in parallel on the balance circuit board.
In a possible implementation manner, the power supply further comprises a heat-conducting silica gel pad, wherein the heat-conducting silica gel pad is arranged between the conversion circuit board and the capacitor bank;
the heat-conducting silica gel pad isolates the conversion circuit board from the capacitor.
Through electricity connection converting circuit board on the electric capacity group, can convert the external characteristics of electric capacity group into the within range that battery charge and discharge power module can accept through converting circuit, make full use of original battery charge and discharge power module to electric capacity group charge and discharge. When the storage battery is charged, the storage battery charging power supply module starts from a certain voltage, the capacitor bank needs to be capable of starting charging from zero voltage, and the capacitor bank can start charging from zero voltage through the action of constant current and constant voltage of the constant current and constant voltage module on the charging module. The turn-off module can monitor the charging state of the capacitor bank in real time, and when the turn-off module detects that the capacitor bank starts to discharge, the turn-off module turns on the constant-current constant-voltage module, and the capacitor bank stops charging. When the capacitor bank discharges, the voltage of the storage battery is relatively stable and needs to be cut off after being lower than the cut-off voltage, the voltage of the capacitor bank decreases linearly when the capacitor bank discharges, a large amount of energy can be used below the cut-off voltage of the storage battery, and the boosting module can prevent the early turn-off of the original storage battery discharging power supply module due to the fact that the voltage is lower than the cut-off voltage of the storage battery. The protection module can protect the whole boosting module, and meanwhile, the whole discharging module can be disconnected when the voltage of the capacitor bank is lower than a certain degree, so that the capacitor bank stops discharging outwards. In summary, the battery-interchangeable capacitor module according to the embodiment of the disclosure can directly and easily replace the storage battery with the capacitor.
Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 illustrates a conversion circuit system diagram of a battery exchange type capacitor module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 shows an overall structure diagram of the battery exchange type capacitor module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
It will be understood, however, that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 illustrates a conversion circuit system diagram of a battery exchange type capacitor module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 illustrates an overall structure view of a battery exchange type capacitor module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the battery-interchangeable capacitor module includes a capacitor bank 100 and a converting circuit, and the capacitor bank 100 and the converting circuit are electrically connected. The input end of the conversion circuit is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank 100, and the output end of the conversion circuit is electrically connected with the cathode of the capacitor bank 100. The conversion circuit comprises a charging module 600 and a discharging module 700, wherein the charging module 600 and the discharging module 700 are connected with one end of the positive pole of the capacitor bank 100 in parallel. The charging module 600 includes a constant current and constant voltage module 610 and a turn-off module, and the discharging module 700 includes a protection module 720 and a boosting module 710. The input end of the constant current and constant voltage module 610 is electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module, the output end of the constant current and constant voltage module 610 is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank 100, and the voltage output by the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module is transmitted to the capacitor bank 100 to charge the capacitor bank 100. The turn-off module is connected in parallel with the constant current and constant voltage module 610, and when the turn-off module detects that the capacitor bank 100 starts to discharge, the turn-off module turns on the constant current and constant voltage module 610. The input end of the boost module 710 is electrically connected to the output end of the capacitor bank 100, and the output end of the boost module 710 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, so that the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 is transmitted to the battery charging and discharging power supply module to discharge the capacitor bank 100. The protection module 720 is connected in series with the boost module 710, the protection module 720 can control the connection and the end opening of the boost module 710, and the protection module 720 can also play a role in protecting the boost module 710 from being damaged. When the capacitor bank 100 is charged, the constant current and constant voltage module 610 is connected to charge the capacitor bank 100, and when the capacitor bank 100 is ready to discharge, the shutdown module disconnects the constant current and constant voltage module 610. When capacitor bank 100 discharges, boost module 710 is turned on, capacitor bank 100 discharges, and when capacitor bank 100 discharges to a predetermined voltage, protection module 720 turns off boost module 710, and capacitor bank 100 stops discharging.
Through electrifying the capacitor bank 100 and connecting the conversion circuit board, the external characteristics of the capacitor bank 100 can be converted into the acceptable range of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module through the conversion circuit, and the original storage battery charging and discharging power supply module is fully utilized to charge and discharge the capacitor bank 100. When the storage battery is charged, the storage battery charging power supply module starts from a certain voltage, the capacitor bank 100 needs to be capable of starting charging from zero voltage, and the constant current and constant voltage of the constant current and constant voltage module 610 on the charging module 600 can enable the capacitor bank 100 to start charging from zero voltage. The shutdown module may monitor the charging state of the capacitor bank 100 in real time, and when the shutdown module detects that the capacitor bank 100 starts to discharge, the shutdown module disconnects the constant current and constant voltage module 610, and the capacitor bank 100 stops charging. When the capacitor bank 100 discharges, the voltage of the storage battery is relatively stable, and needs to be cut off after being lower than the cut-off voltage, while the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 decreases linearly when discharging, a large amount of energy can be used below the cut-off voltage of the storage battery, and the boost module 710 can prevent the early turn-off of the original storage battery discharging power supply module due to the fact that the voltage is lower than the cut-off voltage. The protection module 720 may protect the whole boost module 710, and simultaneously, may disconnect the whole discharging module 700 when the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 is lower than a certain level, so that the capacitor bank 100 stops discharging. In summary, the battery-interchangeable capacitor module according to the embodiment of the disclosure can directly and easily replace the storage battery with the capacitor.
Here, it should be noted that the capacitor bank 100 is the super capacitor module 100, and the super capacitor module 100 has a faster charging speed than the normal capacitor bank 100, and can reach more than 95% of its rated capacity in a short time; long cycle service life and no 'memory effect'; the high-current discharge capacity is ultra-strong, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the process loss is small, and the like. The shutdown module can be implemented by using a commercially available chip.
In a possible implementation manner, the charging module 600 further includes a first direct charging module 630 and a detection module 640, the first direct charging module 630 is connected in parallel with the constant current and constant voltage module 610, and an output end of the first direct charging module 630 is used for connecting the positive electrode of the capacitor bank 100. The input end of the detection module 640 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor bank 100, and the output end of the detection module 640 is electrically connected to the first direct charging module 640. The detection module 640 is used for detecting the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 and controlling the connection and disconnection of the first direct charging module 630. When the detection module 640 detects that the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 is not less than the predetermined voltage, the first direct charging module 630 is turned on, and the current charges the capacitor bank 100 through the first direct charging module 630.
By providing the first direct charging module 630, the capacitor bank 100 can be directly charged from the storage battery when the capacitor bank 100 is charged to a predetermined voltage, which can improve the charging efficiency. Here, it should be noted that since the power distribution terminal usually uses two 12V7Ah × 2 batteries connected in series to form 24V7Ah, the predetermined voltage is generally about 20V, and after the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 is higher than 20V, the battery charging and discharging power module does not receive the low voltage clamp of the capacitor bank 100, the first direct charging module 630 is connected, and the 24V battery charging and discharging power module directly charges the capacitor bank 100.
Here, it should be noted that the detection module 640 may use a commercially available chip to perform the voltage detection and control the first direct charging module 630 to be connected.
In one possible implementation, the first direct charging module 630 includes a first transistor T1, a first diode D1, and a first parasitic diode D2. The first transistor T1 is an N-channel, the drain of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power module, the source of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the gate of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection module 640. The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the input of the capacitor bank 100. The first parasitic diode D2 is connected in parallel with the first transistor T1, the anode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to the source of the first transistor T1, and the cathode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to the drain of the first transistor T1, i.e., the first parasitic diode D2 is directed from the source to the drain of the first transistor T1.
The first transistor T1 acts as a switch, and when the first transistor T1 is turned on, current flows through the first transistor T1 and the first diode D1 to charge the capacitor bank 100. The first diode D1 can prevent the current from flowing backward to the battery charging/discharging power module after the capacitor bank 100 is fully charged. The first parasitic diode D2 disposed on the first transistor T1 can be led out through the first parasitic diode D2 when a large transient reverse current is generated in the circuit, so as not to break down the first transistor T1.
In one possible implementation, the constant current and voltage module 610 includes a second transistor T2, a first inductor L1, a third transistor T3, a second parasitic diode D3, a third parasitic diode D4, a first PWM driving module, a second diode D5, and a constant current and voltage feedback module. The second transistor T2 is an N-channel, the drain of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module, the source of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected with the input end of the first inductor L1, and the grid of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected with the turn-off module. The second parasitic diode D3 is connected in parallel with the second transistor T2, the anode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the source of the second transistor T2, and the cathode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the drain of the second transistor T2, i.e., the second parasitic diode D3 is directed from the source to the drain of the second transistor T2. The third transistor T3 is an N-channel, the output terminal of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3, the source of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the capacitor bank 100, and the gate of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first PWM driving module. The third parasitic diode D4 is connected in parallel with the third transistor T3, and the anode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the source of the third transistor T3, and the cathode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3, i.e., the third parasitic diode D4 is directed from the source to the drain of the third transistor T3. The anode of the second diode D5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank 100, and the cathode of the second diode D5 has the drain of the third transistor T2 electrically connected thereto. The output end of the first PWM driving module is electrically connected to the input end of the constant current and constant voltage feedback module, and the output end of the constant current and constant voltage feedback module is electrically connected to the input end of the capacitor bank 100.
Here, it should be noted that the first PWM driving module and the constant current and constant voltage feedback module may be implemented using an existing chip.
When the capacitor bank 100 is charged, a current flows to the capacitor bank 100 through the second transistor T2, the first inductor L1, and the third transistor T3. When the current flows out through the third transistor T3, the current may also flow to the gate of the third transistor T3 through the constant current and constant voltage feedback module and the first PWM driving module, and at this time, the third transistor T3 is closed because the gate of the third transistor T3 has a positive core. At this time, the current flows to the capacitor bank 100 through the third transistor T3, and a feedback is formed, and the current is fed to the capacitor bank 100 in a state of constant current and constant voltage after the feedback. The first inductor L1 may block the change of current through energy storage, and cooperate with the other components of the charging module 600 to make the constant current and constant voltage module 610 perform the voltage reduction function. The second diode D5 can feed the current flowing from the negative electrode of the capacitor bank 100 back to the drain of the third transistor T3, so that the energy wasted in the charging process can be reduced.
Here, it should be noted that the second parasitic diode D3 and the third parasitic diode D4 function the same as the first parasitic diode D2, the second parasitic diode D3 may protect the second transistor T2, and the third parasitic diode D4 may protect the third transistor T3.
In a possible implementation manner, the discharging module 700 further includes a third diode D6, a cathode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to an anode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, and an anode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to an anode of the capacitor bank 100, so that the battery charging and discharging power supply module is directly discharged through the third diode D6 when the capacitor bank 100 is discharged. When the protection module 720 detects that the capacitor bank 100 is not greater than the predetermined voltage, the boost module 710 powers the battery charging and discharging power supply module.
When the capacitor bank 100 is fully charged and discharges to the outside, the turn-off module first detects that the capacitor bank 100 discharges to the outside, turns off the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3, and the capacitor bank 100 discharges to the storage battery charging and discharging power module through the third diode D6, so that the third diode D6 can accelerate the discharging rate. When the protection module 720 detects that the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 is lower than the predetermined voltage 20V, the boost module 710 is turned on, and the capacitor bank 100 discharges the battery charging and discharging power supply module through the boost module 710.
In one possible implementation, the voltage boost module 710 includes a fourth transistor T4, a second inductor L2, a fourth parasitic diode D7, a fourth diode D8, a fifth transistor T5, a fifth parasitic diode D9, an output feedback module, and a second PWM driving module. The fourth transistor T5 is an N-channel, a drain of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank 100, a source of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second inductor L2, and a gate of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the protection module 720. The fourth parasitic diode D7 is connected in parallel with the fourth transistor T4, and an anode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to a source of the fourth transistor T4, and a cathode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to a drain of the fourth transistor T4. The fifth transistor T5 and the fourth diode D8 are connected in parallel at the output end of the second inductor L2, the output end of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected to the anode of the fourth diode D8, the cathode of the fourth diode D8 is electrically connected to the anode of the battery charging and discharging power module, and the fourth diode D8 is connected in series with the second inductor. The turn-off module and the second inductor L2 are connected in parallel to the source of the fourth transistor T4, and the input terminal of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected to the turn-off module. The fifth transistor T5 is an N-channel, the drain of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second inductor L2, the source of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor bank 100, and the gate of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the second PWM. The fifth parasitic diode D9 is connected in parallel with the fifth transistor T5, and an anode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a source of the fifth transistor T5, and a cathode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a drain of the fifth transistor T5. The output feedback module is connected in series with the second PWM driving module, and the fourth diode D8, the output feedback module, the second PWM driving module and the fifth transistor T5 form a circulation loop.
In summary, when the capacitor bank 100 is discharged, the current may charge the battery charging/discharging power module through the fourth transistor T4, the second inductor L2, and the fourth diode D8. When the current passes through the fourth diode D8, the current can pass through the output feedback module, the second PWM driving module and the fifth transistor T5 to circulate and then charge the battery charging and discharging power module.
Here, it should be noted that the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, the third transistor T3, the fourth transistor T4, and the fifth transistor T5 are MOS transistors.
Here, it should also be noted that the roles of the fourth parasitic diode D7 and the fifth parasitic diode D9 are consistent with the role of the first parasitic diode D2, and the fourth parasitic diode D7 may protect the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth parasitic diode D9 may protect the fifth transistor T5. Here, it should also be noted that the second inductor L2 can block the change of the current by storing energy, and cooperate with the components of the remaining discharging module 700 to enable the boosting module 710 to perform the boosting function. Here, it should also be noted that the output feedback module and the second PWM driving module may employ commercially available chips to achieve the functions.
In one possible implementation, the positive electrode of the capacitor bank 100 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the protection module 720. The electric connection mode is simple and clear. Here, it should be noted that the protection module 720 may employ a commercially available chip to achieve the function.
Here, it should also be noted that the protection circuit included in the protection module 720 for protecting the boost module 710 and the under-voltage shutdown circuit for detecting the voltage of the capacitor bank 100 can disconnect the boost module 710. Both circuits can be solved by the existing circuits in the market, and are not described here.
As shown in fig. 2, in a possible implementation manner, the battery-interchangeable capacitor module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a housing 300 and a cover plate 400, where a cavity is formed in the housing 300 and an opening is formed at one end of the housing. The shape and size of the cavity of the housing 300 are matched with the shape and size of the capacitor bank 100, and the capacitor bank 100 is placed inside the cavity of the housing 300. The conversion circuit is disposed on the conversion circuit board, and the size of the conversion circuit board is not larger than that of the housing 300. The cover plate 400 is fixedly connected to the opening side of the housing 300, and the plate surface of the cover plate 400 covers the opening of the housing 300, so that the capacitor bank 100 and the conversion circuit board are located in the closed space formed by the cover plate 400 and the housing 300. The surface of the cover plate 400 far away from the shell 300 is provided with a positive electrode of the cover plate 400 and a negative electrode of the cover plate 400, the positive electrode of the cover plate 400 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the conversion circuit board, and the negative electrode of the cover plate 400 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the conversion circuit board.
Here, it should be noted that the conversion circuit board may be placed inside the cavity of the housing 300, and the conversion circuit board is snapped into the cavity of the housing 300. The conversion circuit board can be fixedly connected to the surface of the cover plate 400 facing the housing 300, and in one possible implementation manner, a groove is formed in one side of the housing 300 facing the conversion circuit board, the shape and size of the groove are matched with the conversion circuit board, and the depth of the groove is the same as the thickness of the conversion circuit board, so that the conversion circuit board is completely clamped inside the groove.
Here, it should also be noted that the housing 300 is the same in shape and size as the secondary battery so that the battery interchange type capacitor module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be matched to the structure where the secondary battery is mounted. Here, it should also be noted that the positive electrode of the cap plate 400 and the negative electrode of the cap plate 400 are both made of conductive materials, and the positive electrode of the cap plate 400 and the negative electrode of the cap plate 400 may be mounted on the cap plate 400 in an inlaid manner.
Here, it should also be noted that the opening side of the housing 300 is opened with a plurality of slots, the side surface of the cover plate 400 facing the opening of the housing 300 is provided with a plurality of claws, the number and position of the claws correspond to the number and position of the slots, and the slots and claws are matched. In a possible implementation manner, the housing 300 is a rectangular body, four first long-edge slots are formed in one long-edge side wall of the housing 300, the first long-edge slots are distributed along the long plate of the housing 300 in an array manner, and four second long-edge slots corresponding to the first long-edge slots are formed in the other long-edge side wall of the housing 300. Two short side walls of the housing 300 are respectively provided with a short side slot, and the short side slots are located at the middle position. Here, it should also be noted that the edges of the housing 300 are rounded, thereby preventing a "corner effect" during casting.
In a possible implementation manner, the capacitor bank 100 includes a capacitor bank body 110 and a balance circuit board 120, the capacitor bank body 110 is composed of a plurality of capacitor units, a balance circuit is disposed on the balance circuit board, the plurality of capacitor units are connected in series or in parallel to the balance circuit, and the balance circuit is electrically connected to the conversion circuit. Therefore, the current and voltage between each adjacent capacitor unit can be balanced.
In a possible implementation manner, the battery-interchangeable capacitor module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a heat conductive silicone pad 500, the heat conductive silicone pad 500 is disposed between the conversion circuit board and the capacitor module 100, and the conversion circuit board and the capacitor are isolated by the heat conductive silicone pad 500. Thus, the heat generation of the conversion circuit board due to the heat generation of the capacitor bank 100 can be prevented, thereby causing the burning of the conversion circuit on the conversion circuit board.
In one possible implementation, the housing 300 and the cover plate 400 may be made of plastic materials and integrally formed by an injection molding process; or the metal material can be selected and integrally formed by die casting.
As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, to sum up, in the capacitor module of the battery exchange type according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the external structure of the super capacitor module is designed into a general shape of the storage battery, and in order to fully utilize the space, a single body constituting the super capacitor module is specially designed, and the super capacitor module is internally provided with a conversion circuit, which is externally consistent with the storage battery and has only positive and negative electrodes. Therefore, the original storage battery charging and discharging power supply module is fully utilized to charge and discharge the super capacitor module.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a battery interchange type electric capacity module which characterized in that: the device comprises a capacitor bank and a conversion circuit which are electrically connected;
the conversion circuit comprises a charging module and a discharging module, and the charging module and the discharging module are connected in parallel;
the charging module comprises a constant-current constant-voltage module and a turn-off module;
the discharging module comprises a protection module and a boosting module;
the input end of the constant-current and constant-voltage module is suitable for being electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module, and the output end of the constant-current and constant-voltage module is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank and used for transmitting the voltage output by the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module to the capacitor bank to charge the capacitor bank;
the turn-off module is connected with the constant current and constant voltage module in parallel, and is used for turning off the constant current and constant voltage module when the discharge of the capacitor bank is detected;
the input end of the boosting module is electrically connected with the output end of the capacitor bank, and the output end of the boosting module is suitable for being electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module and used for transmitting the voltage in the capacitor bank to the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module to discharge the capacitor bank;
the protection module is connected with the boosting module in series and used for controlling connection and disconnection of the boosting module;
when the capacitor bank is charged, the constant current and constant voltage module is conducted to charge the capacitor bank, and when the capacitor bank is full of electric quantity, the turn-off module turns off the constant current and constant voltage module;
when the capacitor bank discharges, the boosting module is communicated, the capacitor bank discharges, when the capacitor bank discharges to a preset voltage, the protection module disconnects the boosting module, and the capacitor bank stops discharging.
2. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the charging module further comprises a first direct charging module and a detection module, the first direct charging module is connected with the constant current and constant voltage module in parallel, and the output end of the first direct charging module is used for being connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor bank;
the input end of the detection module is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank, and the output end of the detection module is electrically connected with the first direct charging module; the detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the capacitor bank and controlling the on-off of the first direct charging module;
when the detection module detects that the voltage of the capacitor bank is not less than the specified voltage, the first direct charging module is communicated to charge the capacitor bank.
3. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 2, wherein: the first direct-charging module comprises a first transistor T1, a first diode D1, and a first parasitic diode D2;
the first transistor T1 is an N-channel, the drain of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, the source of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the gate of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the output end of the detection module;
the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected with the input end of the capacitor bank;
the first parasitic diode D2 is connected in parallel with the first transistor T1, an anode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to a source of the first transistor T1, and a cathode of the first parasitic diode D2 is electrically connected to a drain of the first transistor T1.
4. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the constant current and voltage module comprises a second transistor T2, a first inductor L1, a third transistor T3, a second parasitic diode D3, a third parasitic diode D4, a first PWM driving module, a second diode D5 and a constant current and voltage feedback module;
the second transistor T2 is an N-channel, the drain of the second transistor T2 is adapted to be electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, the source of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the input end of the first inductor L1, and the gate of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the turn-off module;
the second parasitic diode D3 is connected in parallel with the second transistor T2, and the anode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the source of the second transistor T2, and the cathode of the second parasitic diode D3 is electrically connected to the drain of the second transistor T2;
the third transistor T3 is an N-channel, the output terminal of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3, the source of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the capacitor bank, and the gate of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first PWM driving module;
the third parasitic diode D4 is connected in parallel with the third transistor T3, and the anode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the source of the third transistor T3, and the cathode of the third parasitic diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T3;
the anode of the second diode D5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank, and the cathode of the second diode D5 is electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor T2;
the output end of the first PWM driving module is electrically connected with the input end of the constant-current constant-voltage feedback module, and the output end of the constant-current constant-voltage feedback module is electrically connected with the input end of the capacitor bank.
5. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the discharge module further includes a third diode D6;
a cathode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, and an anode of the third diode D6 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the capacitor bank, so that when the capacitor bank is discharged and the voltage of the capacitor bank is greater than a predetermined voltage, the capacitor bank directly discharges the battery charging and discharging power supply module through the third diode D6;
when the protection module detects that the capacitor bank is smaller than or equal to the specified voltage, the boosting module is communicated, and the storage battery charging and discharging power supply module is powered through the boosting module.
6. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the boosting module comprises a fourth transistor T4, a second inductor L2, a fourth parasitic diode D7, a fourth diode D8, a fifth transistor T5, a fifth parasitic diode D9, an output feedback module and a second PWM driving module;
the fourth transistor T4 is an N-channel, the drain of the fourth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the capacitor bank, the source of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second inductor L2, and the gate of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the protection module;
the fourth parasitic diode D7 is connected in parallel with the fourth transistor T4, and the anode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to the source of the fourth transistor T4, and the cathode of the fourth parasitic diode D7 is electrically connected to the drain of the fourth transistor T4;
the fifth transistor T5 and the fourth diode D8 are connected in parallel at the output end of the second inductor L2;
the output end of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected with the anode of the fourth diode D8, the cathode of the fourth diode D8 is electrically connected with the anode of the battery charging and discharging power supply module, and the fourth diode D8 is connected with the second inductor in series;
the turn-off module and the second inductor L2 are connected in parallel at the source of the fourth transistor T4, and the input terminal of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected with the turn-off module,
the fifth transistor T5 is an N-channel, the drain of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second inductor L2, the source of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank, and the gate of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the second PWM;
the fifth parasitic diode D9 is connected in parallel with the fifth transistor T5, and an anode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a source of the fifth transistor T5, and a cathode of the fifth parasitic diode D9 is electrically connected to a drain of the fifth transistor T5;
the output feedback module and the second PWM driving module are connected in series, and the fourth diode D8, the output feedback module, the second PWM driving module and the fifth transistor T5 form a circulation loop.
7. The battery-interchangeable supercapacitor module according to claim 6, wherein: and the input end of the protection module is electrically connected with the anode of the capacitor bank.
8. The battery-exchangeable capacitor module of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the device also comprises a shell and a cover plate, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shell, and an opening is formed in one end of the shell;
the shape and the size of the shell cavity are matched with those of the capacitor bank, and the capacitor bank is placed in the shell cavity;
the conversion circuit is arranged on a conversion circuit board, and the size of the conversion circuit board is smaller than that of the shell;
the cover plate is fixedly connected to one side of the shell opening, and the plate surface of the cover plate covers the shell opening, so that the capacitor bank and the conversion circuit board are positioned in a closed space formed by the cover plate and the shell;
the cover plate is far away from the surface of the shell and is provided with a cover plate anode and a cover plate cathode, the cover plate anode is electrically connected with the conversion circuit board anode, and the cover plate cathode is electrically connected with the conversion circuit board cathode.
9. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the capacitor bank comprises a capacitor bank body and a balance circuit board;
the capacitor bank body is composed of a plurality of capacitor monomers, a balance circuit is arranged on the balance circuit board, and the plurality of capacitor monomers are connected in series or in parallel on the balance circuit.
10. The battery interchangeable capacitor module of claim 1, wherein: the heat-conducting silica gel pad is arranged between the conversion circuit board and the capacitor bank;
the heat-conducting silica gel pad isolates the conversion circuit board from the capacitor.
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| CN201911061060.3A CN110854982B (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Battery interchange type capacitor module |
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| CN201911061060.3A CN110854982B (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Battery interchange type capacitor module |
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| CN109980741A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-05 | 成都极空科技有限公司 | A kind of active equalization system of battery pack and its working method based on super capacitor |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2639926A2 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell hybrid system and method for charging rechargeable battery thereof |
| CN203261111U (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-10-30 | 中国人民解放军重庆通信学院 | Super capacitor and storage battery hybrid energy storage photovoltaic system based on bidirectional Buck converter |
| CN204794273U (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 国网山西省电力公司大同供电公司 | Charging circuit with fill soon with trickle charge function |
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