CN110850435A - Vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device and use method - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device comprises a data acquisition unit arranged on a railcar in a tunnel, wherein the data acquisition unit comprises a camera and scanning device, a laser scanning distance measuring device and an infrared thermal induction scanning device; the laser scanning distance measuring equipment is used for acquiring the distance from the laser scanning distance measuring equipment to the tunnel wall; the infrared thermal sensing device is used for acquiring the temperature of the rock stratum of the tunnel wall; the data acquisition unit is transmitted to the data analysis system through the wireless transmission system, the data analysis system is configured to analyze the position and the size of a joint, the position and the size of a collapsed cavity area and a falling fast area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging device, provide an overall three-dimensional space diagram of the tunnel, recognize the lithology in the tunnel by using a trained model according to the image characteristics, and judge the basic lithology of the rock stratum in the image.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of geological image sketch, and relates to a vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device and a use method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Before the tunnel is formally constructed, a design unit needs to carry out detailed investigation on the hydrological and geological overview in the area where the tunnel is located, provide detailed hydrological and geological reports (including underground water conditions, strata, lithology, structural zones and the like), and provide guidance for later-stage tunnel excavation. At present, in the former exploration process, underground geological conditions are mostly explored in a geophysical exploration and well drilling mode, although the method is the most scientific and commonly applied method at present, the underground geological hydrological conditions still cannot be completely mastered, so after the tunnel is excavated, the geological conditions of the excavated sections need to be further observed and described in detail, and the accuracy of later tunnel construction can be continuously guided through comparison and research with former exploration data, so that the resource optimization and the benefit maximization of the tunnel construction in China are ensured.
At present, detailed research and description of tunnel geological conditions after excavation mainly depend on observation of geologists, and various conditions are finally gathered in a geological sketch map by observing geological hydrology conditions, stratum lithology and other conditions in the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device is simple to assemble and easy to operate, and can obtain a geological sketch result in a tunnel with higher precision.
According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a vehicular tunnel geology sketch device includes:
set up the data acquisition unit on the railcar in tunnel, including making a video recording and scanning equipment, laser scanning range finding equipment and infrared thermal induction scanning equipment, wherein:
the camera shooting and scanning equipment is arranged on two sides of the railcar and is configured to acquire images of the tunnel inner wall, and the camera shooting and scanning equipment on one side covers the whole side wall from the middle line of the vault to the corresponding side;
the laser scanning distance measuring equipment is used for acquiring the distance from the laser scanning distance measuring equipment to the tunnel wall;
the infrared thermal sensing device is used for acquiring the temperature of the rock stratum of the tunnel wall;
the data acquisition unit is transmitted to a data analysis system through a wireless transmission system, the data analysis system is configured to analyze the joint position and size, the position and size of a collapsed cavity area and a falling block area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging device, provide an overall three-dimensional space diagram of the tunnel, recognize the lithology in the tunnel by using a trained model according to the image characteristics, and judge the basic lithology of the rock stratum in the image.
As an alternative embodiment, the rail car is further provided with a balancing device and an illuminating device, the balancing device is used for supporting the image pickup and scanning device, the laser scanning distance measuring device and the infrared heat induction scanning device, and the balancing device is an automatic adjustment telescopic and rotatable bracket which keeps all the devices at a certain level and a certain height all the time.
As an alternative embodiment, the single-sided camera scanning device can cover the range of 120 ° -180 °, ensuring that the maximum area covers the area of the tunnel wall.
As an alternative implementation, the camera and scanning device is used for acquiring clear tunnel wall images in the tunnel, and the wide-angle camera with adjustable angle is adopted to set and adjust tunnels with different diameters and different railcars.
The laser scanning distance measuring equipment is arranged between two adjacent cameras and scanning equipment, and reflects the shapes, sizes and positions of different falling blocks and collapsed cavities through distance measurement.
As an alternative embodiment, the data analysis system comprises a three-dimensional imaging module, an image deep learning module and a lithology and mineral element analysis module;
the three-dimensional imaging module is configured to analyze the joint position and size, the position and size of a cavity collapse area and a block falling area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging equipment, and provide an integral three-dimensional space map of the tunnel;
the image deep learning module identifies lithology in the tunnel by using a trained model through extracting image characteristics provided by camera shooting and scanning equipment;
the lithology and mineral element analysis module is configured to determine basic lithology of a rock stratum in the image by combining lithology and mineral element analysis results of the samples at the corresponding positions.
A tunnel sketch drawing method comprises the following steps:
receiving the scanning image information of each detection point, numbering and storing the images according to time points, measuring the distance to the tunnel wall, and continuously scanning the rock stratum of the tunnel wall to obtain different infrared images;
learning image information using an image recognition predictor;
the laser ranging system can obtain the distance between the tunnel wall and the range finder. Meanwhile, when joints, block falling areas and larger cavity collapse areas appear on the tunnel wall, the sizes of the joints, the block falling areas and the larger cavity collapse areas can be reflected on the distance of laser ranging, so that according to different laser ranging data, the laser ranging data can be automatically read and tunnel space three-dimensional imaging can be drawn by utilizing the conventional drawing software such as MATLAB and the like, and the length, the depth of the cleavage, the sizes and the areas of the block falling areas and the cavity collapse areas can be drawn;
dividing contact zones with different lithologies and water outlet conditions according to the infrared image;
different lithologies have different specific heat capacities due to the fact that mineral combinations of the lithologies are changed, the tunnel at the excavated section is basically constant in temperature, and the surface temperatures of the lithologies with different specific heat capacities are different, so that lithology change interfaces can be clearly identified through infrared scanning, and lithology boundaries, positions and sizes of invaders can be accurately positioned by combining lithology results in the tunnel; in addition, when the tunnel wall has the water outlet condition, the temperature of the water outlet position is reduced, and the infrared system can sense the water outlet position and the flow condition.
A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to execute a tunnel sketch rendering method as described.
A terminal device comprising a processor and a computer readable storage medium, the processor being configured to implement instructions; a computer readable storage medium stores instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform a tunnel sketch rendering method as described.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
the vehicle-mounted device can save manpower, fully utilize resources, and compared with the current manual drawing, the vehicle-mounted device of the vehicle-mounted device can continuously describe the geological condition of the same point back and forth for a plurality of times by utilizing the rail car in the tunnel so as to obtain the optimal value, so that the vehicle-mounted device has higher precision and has great advantages in the aspects of distance measurement, photographing record and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 2(a) (b) are schematic operational and body construction views, respectively;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of parts of a remote laboratory.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device comprises a data acquisition system, a wireless transmission system, a data analysis system, a mapping system and a data storage center;
the information acquisition system is arranged on two sides of the top end of the track and comprises a testing device (a camera shooting and scanning device, a laser scanning distance measuring device, an infrared thermal induction scanning device) and an auxiliary device (a balancing device and an illuminating device);
as shown in fig. 2(a) (b), the main body of the device is mounted on a rail car for transporting people and materials in the tunnel, and comprises a data acquisition system and a wireless transmission system; the data analysis system, the lithology and mineral element analysis system, the mapping system and the data storage center are arranged in a remote laboratory and are connected by a wireless transmission system.
The device comprises a lighting device, a balancing device and a testing device, wherein the lighting device can ensure that tunnel surrounding rocks which are not shielded can obtain sufficient lighting during the advancing process of the rail car, and the balancing device can ensure that all the testing devices are always kept at the horizontal level and the set height as the rail car can continuously rock during the advancing process;
the camera shooting and scanning equipment is used for acquiring clear tunnel wall images in the tunnel, and the wide-angle camera with high resolution and adjustable angle is adopted for setting and adjusting the tunnels with different diameters and different railcars.
Two rows of high definition scanning cameras are installed in succession in carriage top both sides, and wherein the certain distance of interval between per two camera equipment, the lighting apparatus of both sides is installed in the camera equipment below, by the electric power supply that the railcar carried.
The range that the scanning equipment of making a video recording of unilateral can cover is 120-180, can guarantee that the area of the tunnel wall is covered to the biggest area, and the unilateral can cover from the middle line of vault to the whole lateral wall of one side correspondingly.
A laser ranging system and an infrared thermal induction system are arranged between every two image scanning devices, wherein the laser ranging system can reflect the shapes, sizes and positions of different falling blocks and collapsed cavities through ranging;
the infrared thermal sensing equipment can be used for describing boundary lines of different lithologies and specific positions of an invaded body and underground water outlet positions, and an image equipment is combined to make a more accurate sketch map in the tunnel.
The laser scanning distance measuring equipment can obtain the distance from the laser scanning distance measuring equipment to the tunnel wall, and the coverage range of the laser scanning distance measuring equipment for emitting laser rays can be adjusted according to different conditions;
the infrared thermal sensing equipment can reflect different temperatures according to different specific heat capacities of rock stratums with different lithologies under the same condition;
when the water yield is large, the temperature of the surface of the rock stratum is reduced, so that the temperatures of the surface of the rock stratum reflected under the conditions of different water yields and the like are different;
the wireless transmission system remotely transmits the data acquired by the information acquisition system to the data analysis system;
the data analysis system comprises a three-dimensional imaging module, an image deep learning module and a lithology and mineral element analysis module;
the three-dimensional mapping system analyzes the joint position and size, the position and size of a collapsed cavity area and a falling fast area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging equipment, and provides an overall three-dimensional space map of the tunnel, but the mapping system only obtains the information and reflects the information in a sketch map, and the three-dimensional map is not required to be output;
the GoogLeNet neural network image deep learning identifies the lithology in the tunnel by extracting the image characteristics provided by the camera shooting and scanning equipment and utilizing the trained model. The image deep learning system extracts image features obtained by the camera shooting and scanning equipment for analysis, the three-dimensional modeling system can establish a space three-dimensional image in the tunnel by using laser ranging data, and the detailed description can be realized by combining infrared thermal sensing data.
The trainer trains the model by utilizing image equipment of the known lithologic rock stratum acquired in the previous period, wherein 70% of images are used for training, and 30% of images are used for verification;
the mapping system integrates the data acquired by the different systems, and finally draws a sketch map in the excavated tunnel under the assistance of manpower.
The lithology and mineral element analysis module mainly utilizes the existing electronic probe system and X-ray system to obtain the mineral element information of the selected corresponding mileage rock slag; the lithology and mineral element analysis module selects a rock sample corresponding to the mileage, basic lithology information is obtained through analysis of mineral elements, more accurate tunnel rock stratum information is obtained through combination of deep learning of images, in order to obtain analysis results of the samples quickly, the rock sample is mainly obtained from slag films on a conveyor belt, and basic lithology of rock strata in the images can be further accurately judged through combination of the lithology of the samples at corresponding positions and the analysis results of the mineral elements.
The mapping system utilizes the loaded MapGis and AuotCAD to automatically or manually assist mapping.
The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device and the use method mainly comprise the following working steps:
1. the data acquisition system is used for balance testing, the rail car carries the data acquisition system (1), so that the balance device (5) is corrected by the rail car, finally, the balance device can find an adaptive position through the continuous back-and-forth operation of the rail car, the stability of the whole testing device is ensured when the rail car shakes each time, and after the testing is finished, the detection angles of the camera device (6), the laser ranging device (7) and the infrared thermal induction imaging device (8) are adjusted according to tunnels with different sizes;
2. the auxiliary equipment starts to work, the scanning camera equipment starts to scan and take pictures, the pictures are numbered and stored according to time points, the laser distance measuring equipment starts to measure the distance to the tunnel wall and transmits data back to the data analysis system (10), and the infrared imaging system continuously scans rock strata of the tunnel wall and obtains different infrared images;
3. the wireless transmission system (9) continuously transmits the data to different modules in the data analysis system, the real-time images of the tunnel wall are transmitted to an image machine learning module (11), an image recognition predictor trained by a GoogleLeNet image learning neural Network of an MATLAB Network Designer is embedded in the module, laser ranging data are transmitted to a three-dimensional imaging module (12), the module can draw three-dimensional imaging of the tunnel space according to different measuring and calculating distances, the module can detect data such as the cleavage length, the cleavage depth, the size and the area of a falling block area and a collapsed cavity area, infrared images are also transmitted to the image learning module, and the image learning module can divide contact zones with different lithologies and water outlet conditions (mainly training and recognizing lithology change limits, invaders and water outlet areas);
4. as shown in fig. 3, the lithology and mineral element analysis module (13) performs a lithology and mineral element analysis experiment using rock slag continuously obtained from the tunnel, and the analysis result is used to further correct the result obtained by the image learning module;
5. through steps 1-4, the system can obtain the following data: lithology of the tunnel wall obtained from the image recognition result, lithologic mineral analysis are further optimized and accurate, lithologic boundaries, positions and sizes of invaders are accurately positioned according to the results and the infrared scanning result, and laser ranging is performed or the development positions and scales of tunnel wall joints, the positions and development conditions of falling blocks and collapsed cavity areas, and the water outlet positions and flow conditions are obtained;
6. the mapping system mainly carrying the MapGis and AutoCAD software draws the geological sketch map in the tunnel by the obtained data, and stores the drawn map in a data storage center;
7. and (5) repeating the steps 1-6.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a vehicular tunnel geology sketch device, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
set up the data acquisition unit on the railcar in tunnel, including making a video recording and scanning equipment, laser scanning range finding equipment and infrared thermal induction scanning equipment, wherein:
the camera shooting and scanning equipment is arranged on two sides of the railcar and is configured to acquire images of the tunnel inner wall, and the camera shooting and scanning equipment on one side covers the whole side wall from the middle line of the vault to the corresponding side;
the laser scanning distance measuring equipment is used for acquiring the distance from the laser scanning distance measuring equipment to the tunnel wall;
the infrared thermal sensing device is used for acquiring the temperature of the rock stratum of the tunnel wall;
the data acquisition unit is transmitted to a data analysis system through a wireless transmission system, the data analysis system is configured to analyze the joint position and size, the position and size of a collapsed cavity area and a falling fast area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging device, provide an overall three-dimensional space diagram of the tunnel, recognize the lithology in the tunnel by using a trained model according to the image characteristics, and judge the basic lithology of the rock stratum in the image.
2. The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rail car is also provided with a balance device and an illuminating device, the balance device is used for supporting the camera shooting and scanning device, the laser scanning distance measuring device and the infrared thermal induction scanning device, and the balance device is an automatic adjustment telescopic and rotatable support and keeps all devices at a certain level and a certain height all the time.
3. The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the coverage range of the single-side camera shooting scanning equipment is 120-180 degrees, and the maximum coverage area of the tunnel wall is ensured.
4. The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the camera shooting and scanning equipment is used for acquiring clear tunnel wall images in the tunnel, and the wide-angle camera with adjustable angle is adopted to set and adjust the tunnels with different diameters and different railcars.
5. The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the laser scanning distance measuring equipment is arranged between two adjacent cameras and scanning equipment, and reflects the shapes, sizes and positions of different falling blocks and collapsed cavities through distance measurement.
6. The vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the data analysis system comprises a three-dimensional imaging module, an image deep learning module and a lithology and mineral element analysis module;
the three-dimensional imaging module is configured to analyze the joint position and size, the position and size of a cavity collapse area and a block falling area according to the distance from the rail car to the tunnel wall obtained by the laser ranging equipment, and provide an integral three-dimensional space map of the tunnel;
the image deep learning module identifies lithology in the tunnel by using a trained model through extracting image characteristics provided by camera shooting and scanning equipment;
the lithology and mineral element analysis module is configured to determine basic lithology of a rock stratum in the image by combining lithology and mineral element analysis results of the samples at the corresponding positions.
7. The tunnel sketch drawing method based on the system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
receiving the scanning image information of each detection point, numbering and storing the images according to time points, measuring the distance to the tunnel wall, and continuously scanning the rock stratum of the tunnel wall to obtain different infrared images;
learning image information using an image recognition predictor;
the laser ranging system obtains the distance between the tunnel wall and the range finder, when joints, a block falling area and a cavity collapse area appear on the tunnel wall, the laser ranging system automatically reads the laser ranging data and draws three-dimensional imaging of the tunnel space according to different laser ranging data, and draws the cleavage length, the cleavage depth, the size and the area of the block falling area and the cavity collapse area;
dividing contact zones with different lithologies and water outlet conditions according to an infrared image of the infrared thermal induction scanning equipment;
and identifying a lithologic change interface by utilizing infrared scanning, and accurately positioning lithologic boundaries, positions and sizes of invaders by combining lithologic results in the tunnel.
8. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by: in which a plurality of instructions are stored, said instructions being adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to perform a method of tunnel sketch rendering as claimed in claim 7.
9. A terminal device is characterized in that: the system comprises a processor and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the processor is used for realizing instructions; a computer readable storage medium for storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform a tunnel sketch rendering method as claimed in claim 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911096841.6A CN110850435A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Vehicle-mounted tunnel geological sketch device and use method |
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