CN110849801A - Method for determining critical stress of metal low-speed deformation recrystallization - Google Patents

Method for determining critical stress of metal low-speed deformation recrystallization Download PDF

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CN110849801A
CN110849801A CN201911200074.9A CN201911200074A CN110849801A CN 110849801 A CN110849801 A CN 110849801A CN 201911200074 A CN201911200074 A CN 201911200074A CN 110849801 A CN110849801 A CN 110849801A
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low
curve
recrystallization
sigma
epsilon
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张菁丽
张永强
辛社伟
潘浩
周伟
郭萍
侯红苗
刘东旭
贾国玉
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Northwest Institute for Non Ferrous Metal Research
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining the critical stress of low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal, which comprises the following steps: firstly, compressing metal under a dynamic load condition to obtain sigma and epsilon data; secondly, drawing a curve by the sigma and epsilon data to obtain a sigma-epsilon curve; thirdly, obtaining a theta-sigma curve by derivation of the sigma-epsilon curve; fourthly, solving the deviation of the theta-sigma curve to sigma to obtain
Figure DDA0002295645280000011
The curves are shown in the figure, and,
Figure DDA0002295645280000012
Figure DDA0002295645280000013
σ corresponding to the minimum value of the ordinate of the curvecIs the critical stress for low-speed deformation recrystallization. The invention is based on sigmaAnd the epsilon data are subjected to simulation calculation to obtain the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization, the critical condition of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization under the dynamic load condition is obtained, the problem of inaccurate result caused by estimation by using an empirical formula is avoided, and the method is suitable for determining the critical stress of the low-speed deformation recrystallization of most metals, strong in practicability and easy to popularize.

Description

Method for determining critical stress of metal low-speed deformation recrystallization
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal recrystallization critical condition determination, and particularly relates to a determination method of metal low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress.
Background
When a metal is hot deformed, under certain deformation conditions, recrystallization nucleation and growth of crystal nuclei occur, which is called dynamic recrystallization. Since the material can be refined by dynamic recrystallization to improve the processability of the material, dynamic recrystallization can play a crucial role in hot deformation. Dynamic recrystallization occurs depending on the accumulation of deformed metal dislocations. Two competing processes in the process of thermal deformation of dislocation density are controlled: on one hand, the dislocation density is continuously increased, so that the material is processed and hardened; on the other hand, since plastic deformation is performed at high temperature, a part of dislocations generated during the deformation process are offset with the opposite sign dislocations through cross slip and climb, resulting in dynamic recovery. The dislocation density increases with increasing deformation, causing the rate of dislocation disappearance to increase and the work hardening rate to slow until the strain reserve reaches the critical value required for dynamic recrystallization to occur. When the deformation storage energy reaches a critical value, the deformed crystal grains are re-nucleated and grow up, namely, a dynamic recrystallization process occurs. As an effective means for realizing the tissue refinement, the dynamic recrystallization has wide application prospect in the aspect of improving the material performance, and some dynamic recrystallization is applied in the actual production.
Dynamic recrystallization generally occurs before peak stress, but the critical stress or strain is not well characterized, and it is therefore difficult to determine from the rheological curve when dynamic recrystallization occurs. Although it can be judged by the structural change of the metal material in the hot working process, the method is time-consuming and high in economic cost, and the change of the microstructure after cooling makes the metallographic analysis more difficult. In the academic papers or patents disclosed so far, the invention patent CN201811110795.6 proposes to obtain the peak strain of the metal by the stress-strain curve and then by the formula εc＝(0.60～0.85)εpThe dynamic recrystallization critical strain of the metal can be obtained by calculation, but because the dynamic recrystallization performance difference of different metals is large, if the recrystallization critical strain is calculated by using an empirical formula, deviation from the actual situation is inevitable, but actually, each metal has own characteristics, and an accurate recrystallization critical stress value cannot be obtained by the formula; BFe10-1.6-1 dynamic recrystallization critical strain behavior research and AZ80 magnesium alloy dynamic recrystallization critical condition based on a new work hardening rate method propose that an ln theta-epsilon curve under different metal deformation conditions is established firstly, the work hardening part of the curve is fitted for three times, and then an inflection point on the fitted curve is found out, namely a dynamic recrystallization critical strain point under the deformation condition.
In addition, dynamic recrystallization of metals is a thermal processing behavior caused by the accumulation of distorted metal dislocations. The accumulation of dislocations appears as a rise in stress in the stress-strain curve. When the metal internal dislocation reaches a certain degree, the metal is dynamically recrystallized. It is therefore of practical significance to obtain the recrystallization critical stress of the actual curve as the critical condition under which recrystallization occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research in this field.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method for determining the critical stress of low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal, which is aimed at overcoming the defects of the prior art. The method determines the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization under the dynamic load condition by a method of combining physical experiments and simulation calculation, accurately obtains the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization under the dynamic load condition, is simple, does not need complicated formula iteration, and is suitable for determining the critical stress of the low-speed deformation recrystallization of most metals.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining the critical stress of low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, performing low-speed compression treatment on metal under a dynamic load condition to obtain true stress sigma and true strain epsilon data in the plastic deformation process of the metal; the low speed is a strain rate not greater than 0.1s-1；
Step two, drawing a curve by using the true stress sigma as a vertical coordinate and the true strain epsilon as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a sigma-epsilon curve;
step three, performing derivation treatment on the sigma-epsilon curve obtained in the step two according to the condition that theta is d sigma/d epsilon to obtain a theta-sigma curve, wherein theta is the work hardening rate;
step four, carrying out sigma deviation solving treatment on the theta-sigma curve pair obtained in the step three to obtain
Figure BDA0002295645260000031
The curves are shown in the figure, and,
Figure BDA0002295645260000032
the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value in the ordinate direction of the curve is ln σcWherein σ iscIs the critical stress for low-speed deformation recrystallization.
The method for determining the critical stress of metal low-speed deformation recrystallization is characterized in that in the first step, the dynamic loading conditions are as follows: the temperature and the strain rate, and the compression treatment process comprises the following steps: the metal was subjected to compression treatment with a deformation of 60% using a Gleeble tester. The invention adopts the temperature and the strain rate as the dynamic load condition, realizes the determination of the low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress of the metal under the dynamic load condition, thereby obtaining the mechanical property of the metal material under the dynamic load condition, adopts a Gleeble testing machine to carry out compression treatment with the deformation of 60 percent, realizes the accurate control of the temperature and the strain rate, ensures that the metal has proper deformation, and obtains the data of the true stress sigma and the true strain epsilon, and avoids the defects that the low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress cannot be calculated due to the over-small deformation, the metal recrystallization degree is small, and the metal deformation is easy to destabilize due to the over-large deformation.
The method for determining the critical stress σ of the low-speed deformation recrystallization of the metal is characterized in that the critical stress σ of the low-speed deformation recrystallization in the fourth step iscSubstituting the curve into the curve to obtain the corresponding critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationc. The low-speed deformation recrystallization critical strain epsilon obtained by the inventioncThe abscissa corresponding to the maximum value of the sigma-epsilon curve in the ordinate direction in the step two is the low-speed deformation recrystallization peak strain epsilonpSatisfies the empirical formula ∈c＝(0.60～0.85)εpAnd the accuracy of the obtained low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress is verified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method comprises the steps of carrying out compression treatment on metal under a dynamic load condition to obtain true stress sigma and true strain epsilon data, and then obtaining the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress through a simulation calculation method, so that the relation between the low-speed deformation recrystallization critical strain and the low-speed deformation recrystallization peak value strain under the dynamic load condition is accurately obtained; the method determines the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization by combining a physical experiment and a simulation calculation, avoids the problem of inaccurate result caused by using an empirical formula to estimate the critical stress of the low-speed deformation recrystallization, and provides a new method for analyzing the metal dynamic recrystallization process and the critical condition of metal recrystallization.
2. The method for determining the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization is simple to operate and easy to realize, only needs to perform low-speed compression treatment on the metal under a dynamic load condition by adopting a Gleeble testing machine, then performs simulation calculation, does not need complicated formula iteration during subsequent simulation calculation, is suitable for determining the critical stress of the metal low-speed deformation recrystallization, and is strong in practicability and easy to popularize.
3. The invention avoids the loss caused by time consumption, finished product consumption and the like brought by experiments and production, thereby saving the product development time and reducing the development cost.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of σ - ε obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a θ - σ graph obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph obtained in example 1 of the present invention
Figure BDA0002295645260000041
Graph is shown.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the critical strain for low-speed strain recrystallization and the peak strain for low-speed strain recrystallization of a σ - ε curve obtained by substituting the critical stress for low-speed strain recrystallization obtained in example 1 of the present invention into the σ - ε curve.
Fig. 5 is a graph of σ -e curve obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a θ - σ graph obtained in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph obtained in example 2 of the present invention
Figure BDA0002295645260000042
Graph is shown.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the critical strain for low-speed strain recrystallization and the peak strain for low-speed strain recrystallization of a sigma-epsilon curve obtained by substituting the critical stress for low-speed strain recrystallization obtained in example 2 of the present invention into the sigma-epsilon curve.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, Ti2The AlNb alloy is subjected to low-speed compression treatment with the deformation of 60% by adopting a Gleeble testing machine under the condition of dynamic load to obtain Ti2Data of true stress sigma and true strain epsilon in the plastic deformation process of the AlNb alloy; the dynamic load conditions are as follows: temperature and strain rate, wherein the temperature is 980 ℃ and the strain rate is 0.001s-1；
Step two, drawing a curve by using the true stress sigma as a vertical coordinate and the true strain epsilon as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a sigma-epsilon curve;
step three, performing derivation processing on the sigma-epsilon curve obtained in the step two according to the condition that theta is d sigma/d epsilon to obtain a theta-sigma curve;
step four, carrying out deviation-solving processing on the theta-sigma curve obtained in the step three to obtain
Figure BDA0002295645260000051
The curves are shown in the figure, and,
Figure BDA0002295645260000052
the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value in the ordinate direction of the curve is ln σc4.05MPa, corresponding Ti2The critical stress of the AlNb alloy low-speed deformation recrystallization is sigmac＝57.38MPa；
Step five, Ti obtained in the step four2AlNb alloy low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress sigmacSubstituting the curve into the curve to obtain the corresponding critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcThe abscissa corresponding to the maximum value in the ordinate direction of the sigma-epsilon curve is the peak strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationpCritical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpHas a relationship of ∈c＝0.846εp。
As shown by calculation, the method can be used for preparing the productTo low-speed deformation recrystallization critical strain epsiloncRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpSatisfies the empirical formula ∈c＝(0.60～0.85)εpThe accuracy of the low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress obtained by the embodiment is verified.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the sigma-epsilon curve obtained in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the curve is a typical stress-strain curve in which dynamic recrystallization occurs, Ti2The AlNb alloy undergoes a work hardening stage I, a dynamic recrystallization softening stage II and a stress stabilization stage III in the deformation process.
FIG. 2 is a theta-sigma curve obtained in the present example, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that Ti is present when the deformation mechanism of the alloy is dominated by work hardening2The work hardening rate of the AlNb alloy is a positive value; when the alloy deformation mechanism is mainly the softening mechanism, Ti2The work hardening rate of the AlNb alloy gradually becomes negative.
FIG. 3 is a graph obtained in the present example
Figure BDA0002295645260000061
The graph, as can be seen in figure 3,the lowest point existing in the ordinate direction of the curve is the minimum value of the curve, and Ti can be determined through the point2Low rate deformation recrystallization critical stress sigma of AlNb alloyc。
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the critical strain for low-speed strain recrystallization and the peak strain for low-speed strain recrystallization of the σ - ε curve obtained by substituting the critical stress for low-speed strain recrystallization obtained in the example of the present invention into the σ - ε curve, and it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the critical strain ε for low-speed strain recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpCalculating to obtain the critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpHas a relationship of ∈c＝0.846εpTherefore, the low-speed strain recrystallization critical strain ε obtained in the present embodimentcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpSatisfy the meridianEquation of experiment epsilonc＝(0.60～0.85)εp。
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, Ti2The AlNb alloy is subjected to low-speed compression treatment with the deformation of 60% by adopting a Gleeble testing machine under the condition of dynamic load to obtain Ti2Data of true stress sigma and true strain epsilon in the plastic deformation process of the AlNb alloy; the dynamic load conditions are as follows: temperature and strain rate, wherein the temperature is 1010 ℃ and the strain rate is 0.001s-1；
Step two, drawing a curve by using the true stress sigma as a vertical coordinate and the true strain epsilon as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a sigma-epsilon curve;
step three, performing derivation processing on the sigma-epsilon curve obtained in the step two according to the condition that theta is d sigma/d epsilon to obtain a theta-sigma curve;
step four, carrying out deviation-solving processing on the theta-sigma curve obtained in the step three to obtainThe curves are shown in the figure, and,the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value in the ordinate direction of the curve is ln σc3.739MPa, corresponding Ti2The critical stress of the AlNb alloy low-speed deformation recrystallization is sigmac＝42.05MPa；
Step five, Ti obtained in the step four2AlNb alloy low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress sigmacSubstituting the curve into the curve to obtain the corresponding critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcThe abscissa corresponding to the maximum value in the ordinate direction of the sigma-epsilon curve is the peak strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationpCritical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpHas a relationship of ∈c＝0.642εp。
The calculation shows that the low speed obtained by the embodimentCritical strain epsilon of deformation recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpSatisfies the empirical formula ∈c＝(0.60～0.85)εpThe accuracy of the low-speed deformation recrystallization critical stress obtained by the embodiment is verified.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the σ - ε curve obtained in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the curve is a typical stress-strain curve in which dynamic recrystallization occurs, Ti2The AlNb alloy undergoes a work hardening stage I, a dynamic recrystallization softening stage II and a stress stabilization stage III in the deformation process.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the theta-sigma curve obtained in the present example, and it can be seen from FIG. 6 that Ti is present when the deformation mechanism of the alloy is dominated by work hardening2The work hardening rate of the AlNb alloy is a positive value; when the alloy deformation mechanism is mainly the softening mechanism, Ti2The work hardening rate of the AlNb alloy gradually becomes negative.
FIG. 7 is a view obtained in the present example
Figure BDA0002295645260000073
The graph, as can be seen in figure 7,
Figure BDA0002295645260000074
the lowest point existing in the ordinate direction of the curve is the minimum value of the curve, and Ti can be determined through the point2Low rate deformation recrystallization critical stress sigma of AlNb alloyc。
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the critical strain for low-speed strain recrystallization and the peak strain for low-speed strain recrystallization of the σ - ε curve obtained by substituting the critical stress for low-speed strain recrystallization obtained in the example of the present invention into the σ - ε curve, and it can be seen from FIG. 8 that the critical strain ε for low-speed strain recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpCalculating to obtain the critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpHas a relationship of ∈c＝0.642εpTherefore, the low-speed strain recrystallization critical strain ε obtained in the present embodimentcRecrystallization peak strain epsilon from low-speed deformationpSatisfies the empirical formula ∈c＝(0.60～0.85)εp。
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for determining the critical stress of low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, performing low-speed compression treatment on metal under a dynamic load condition to obtain true stress sigma and true strain epsilon data in the plastic deformation process of the metal; the low speed is a strain rate not greater than 0.1s-1；
Step two, drawing a curve by using the true stress sigma as a vertical coordinate and the true strain epsilon as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a sigma-epsilon curve;
step three, performing derivation treatment on the sigma-epsilon curve obtained in the step two according to the condition that theta is d sigma/d epsilon to obtain a theta-sigma curve, wherein theta is the work hardening rate;
step four, carrying out sigma deviation solving treatment on the theta-sigma curve pair obtained in the step three to obtain
Figure FDA0002295645250000011
The curves are shown in the figure, and,
Figure FDA0002295645250000012
the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value in the ordinate direction of the curve is ln σcWherein σ iscIs the critical stress for low-speed deformation recrystallization.
2. The method for determining the critical stress for low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dynamic loading conditions in the first step are as follows: the temperature and the strain rate, and the compression treatment process comprises the following steps: the metal was subjected to compression treatment with a deformation of 60% using a Gleeble tester.
3. The method for determining the critical stress for low-speed deformation recrystallization of metal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the critical stress σ for low-speed deformation recrystallization in the fourth step iscSubstituting the curve into the curve to obtain the corresponding critical strain epsilon of low-speed deformation recrystallizationc。
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CN113702613A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-26 鞍钢股份有限公司 Method for determining critical condition of dynamic recrystallization of material

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