CN110847226A

CN110847226A - Assembled retaining wall and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110847226A
Application number: CN201911243756.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王汁汁; 王仪萍; 吴思; 吴正伟
Original assignee: Chongqing Real Estate College
Current assignee: Chongqing Real Estate College
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-02-28

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled retaining wall and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering. This assembled retaining wall intensity is high, and the drainage is good, can deal with the circumstances such as mud-rock flow landslide, and the construction is simple and convenient, and is simple to the requirement in place, and is with low costs.

Description

Assembled retaining wall and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to an assembled retaining wall and a construction method thereof.

Background

The retaining wall is the most common structure in housing construction, railway, highway, water conservancy, bridge and mine engineering, and its effect is used for protecting side slope, road bed, river course, prevents the circumstances such as unstability collapse landslide. Different types of retaining walls can be arranged according to different conditions such as external load size, terrain, geology and the like, such as gravity type, anchor rod type, counterfort type, pile plate type and the like. In the prior art, in order to improve the safety and stability of the retaining wall, some retaining walls with composite structures are designed, such as pile-wall composite supporting structures, soil nailing walls-comb row piles and other combined structures, so that the stability of the retaining wall can be greatly enhanced.

Yangmen et al adopted a centrifuge model test of 5 groups of sparse piles-soil nailing wall combined supporting foundation pits by using a medium-sized rock-soil centrifuge of the same university in sparse piles-soil nailing wall foundation pit supporting effect test research. The test result of the centrifuge model shows that: the soil nail in the combined supporting structure can obviously improve the stability of soil bodies among piles. The Chinese patent document (application No. 2018110578242) discloses an anchor cable lattice and modified soil retaining wall composite retaining structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the anchor cable lattice and modified soil retaining wall composite retaining structure comprises two parts, namely an anchor cable lattice and a modified soil retaining wall, wherein the modified soil retaining wall provides basic horizontal retaining force, and the anchor cable lattice provides partial horizontal retaining force which is insufficient on the upper part of the retaining wall. The above prior art adopts the retaining wall structure of composite construction to increase the intensity and the stability of wall body.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a fabricated retaining wall with a composite structure, which has high strength, good drainage, simple construction and low requirement for site.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an assembled retaining wall, is formed by a plurality of wall body unit transverse connection, wall body unit is including two stand one and a stand two that are the triangular layout, evenly distributed has recess one on stand one rear side and the stand two, the riser of pegging graft between stand one and the stand two, the riser both sides set up with the lug that recess one matches, wall body unit front side sets up afforestation wall, afforestation wall inside and wall body unit inside all pack rubble or pervious concrete.

Further, the first groove is Y-shaped or arc-shaped.

Further, the greening wall is an inclined wall body and comprises a retaining plate, a second groove is formed in the front side of the stand column, the rear side of the retaining plate is inserted into the second groove, a step is arranged on the upper end face of the retaining plate, two connecting blocks are arranged on the horizontal end face of the step, and a mounting groove is formed in the rear side of the horizontal end face of the step.

Furthermore, the horizontal end face of the ladder is provided with a horizontal plate, the two sides of the horizontal plate are provided with through holes matched with the connecting blocks, and a vertical plate is inserted in the mounting groove.

Furthermore, a vertical plate is also inserted between the two adjacent second upright columns.

Furthermore, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the wall unit.

Furthermore, the bottom plate is provided with a round hole matched with the first upright post and the second upright post and a groove III matched with the lower end of the vertical plate.

Further, the pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of 42.5 Portland cement, 3-5 parts of mineral powder, 3-5 parts of kaolin, 80-90 parts of broken stone, 80-90 parts of ceramsite, 1-2 parts of waste rubber particles, 1-2 parts of steel fiber, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-0.2 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1-0.2 part of polyacrylamide, 0.3-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 18-22 parts of water.

Furthermore, the crushed stone has the grain diameter of 4-8mm accounting for 50 percent and the grain diameter of 8-12.5mm accounting for 50 percent.

Further, the kaolin and the mineral powder are calcined at the high temperature of 900 ℃ at 800-.

A construction method of an assembled retaining wall includes the following steps:

1) leveling the field, digging out a surface soil body, placing a bottom plate, and then installing a first upright post and a second upright post on the bottom plate;

2) inserting the vertical plate into the first groove corresponding to the first upright post and the second upright post to form a wall unit; then inserting the retaining plate into the second groove, mounting the horizontal plate on the horizontal end face of the step, and mounting the vertical plate on the vertical end face of the step to form a greening wall;

3) and (3) pouring pervious concrete into each wall unit and the greening wall, and then paving a soil layer on the greening wall.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention discloses an assembled retaining wall, which is also a retaining wall with a composite structure, and is a horizontal truss stress system consisting of upright posts and vertical plates, and the regions between the vertical plates can be filled with permeable concrete or various gravel, soil bodies and other backfill materials with self weights meeting requirements according to local conditions. The backfill material forms a stable combination with the upright post and the vertical plate, on one hand, the horizontal soil pressure can be effectively resisted by means of dead weight, and in addition, partial force of the vertical plate can be effectively transferred to the upright post, so that the integral pressure resistance is improved, and the water drainage performance is good. Therefore, the assembled retaining wall has good adaptability in the aspects of self strength, stable overturn resistance, stable sliding resistance, uneven settlement resistance and the like, has excellent performance, is simple and convenient to construct, can be installed and constructed on site, has simple requirement on the site and has low cost.

The assembled retaining wall is formed by transversely connecting a plurality of wall units, wherein the wall units are arranged in a triangular mode and specifically comprise two first stand columns and a second stand column, grooves I are formed in the first stand columns and the second stand columns, vertical plates are inserted between the first stand columns and the second stand columns, and broken stones or concrete are filled to form a stable wall structure. The first groove can be arranged to be an arc-shaped structure or a Y-shaped structure, on one hand, the structure is firm and stable in installation and convenient to construct, on the other hand, the structure is arranged to be larger in contact area with the rear side soil body, when the external pressure of the vertical plate is larger than that of the vertical plate, a certain buffering effect is achieved, and a part of force can be transferred to the first upright post and the second upright post, so that the strength of the invention is enhanced. And because there is the space between riser and the riser, can also ensure the water permeability of this wall body unit.

2. The greening wall that wall body unit front side set up the slope, and concrete structure is: including two fender native boards, wherein stand one front side sets up recess two, and two fender native board rear sides insert respectively and insert in recess two, and keep off native board up end and be provided with the ladder, set up two connecting blocks and a mounting groove on the horizontal terminal surface of ladder for installation horizontal plate and vertical board, wherein horizontal plate and vertical board all are prefabricated cement board, simple to operate is convenient, easy construction. And the upper part of the horizontal plate is also provided with a soil layer for planting green plants, so that the ecological environment-friendly function of the invention is enhanced.

The interior of the greening wall and the interior of the wall unit can be filled with gravels or adopt pervious concrete according to requirements, and the bottom of the greening wall and the wall unit is provided with drain holes, so that the good drainage function of the invention is ensured, and the invention can cope with the sudden situations of debris flow, landslide and the like.

3. In order to further optimize the strength of the retaining wall, vertical plates can be inserted between two adjacent vertical columns, permeable concrete can be filled in a triangular structure formed between the two adjacent vertical plates, or soil or gravel generated in the construction process can be filled, on one hand, the thickness of the retaining wall is further increased, so that the strength is increased, on the other hand, waste materials in the construction process can be solved on the spot, and the retaining wall is economical and environment-friendly.

In addition, the bottom of the wall unit can be provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate can enable the wall unit to be more easily suitable for various fields, for example, soft soil foundations can greatly reduce the risk of settlement of the retaining wall by arranging the bottom plate. And the bottom plate is provided with round holes matched with the first upright post and the second upright post and a third groove matched with the lower end of the vertical plate, so that the wall body unit is firmly connected with the bottom plate, the bottom area of the invention is enlarged through the bottom plate, the anti-overturning capability of the retaining wall is effectively improved, and the uneven settlement of soft soil areas can be fully coordinated. The bottom plate is arranged at the position below the ground, and can be cast in place or adopt a prefabricated structure, and the prefabricated structure can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

In addition, the bottom plate bottom sets up the cusp tongue, effectively improves the cling compound ability of retaining wall.

4. The interior of the greening wall and the interior of the wall unit can be selectively filled with pervious concrete, wherein the pervious concrete has higher porosity and good water permeability, can cope with the impact of debris flow and the like, and enhances the stability of the greening wall. The aggregate adopted by the pervious concrete is broken stone and ceramsite, the particle size of the broken stone is limited, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 5-9 mm. The mineral powder and kaolin calcined at high temperature are added, the particle size is 1-2 mu m, on one hand, the mineral powder and kaolin can fill gaps in cement gel and improve the strength, and the mineral powder and kaolin contain a large amount of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, so that the activity is high, and the strength of the cement slurry can be enhanced.

In addition, as the retaining wall is subjected to the attack of rainwater, sunlight and the like for a long time, in order to enhance the tolerance of the retaining wall, waste rubber particles with the particle size of 1-1.5mm are also added into the pervious concrete and are formed by crushing waste tires, so that the utilization rate of waste plastics is increased, and the impermeability, the crack resistance, the impact resistance and the like of the pervious concrete can be enhanced.

5. As the pervious concrete is of a structure of aggregates and gaps, the bonding strength between the aggregates is directly related to the overall strength of the concrete, and the pervious concrete is added with the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the polyacrylamide, on one hand, the two components can increase the viscosity and the stability of a sizing material and improve the bonding force between the sizing material and the aggregates; on the other hand, the two components and cement paste form an interpenetrating network, so that the binding power is further increased; and the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the polyacrylamide have good film-forming property, and the contact area between the aggregate and the cement cannot be increased when the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the polyacrylamide are attached in a cement sizing material, so that the bonding strength is increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vertical plate and a retaining plate in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal plate in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an installation structure of a vertical plate in embodiment 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic front view of the structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the wall unit according to embodiment 2.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a constitution of a base plate in embodiment 3;

fig. 8 is a schematic front view of the structure of embodiment 3.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 4.

In the figure: 1-upright post I, 2-upright post II, 3-groove I, 4-vertical plate, 5-lug, 6-greening wall, 7-pervious concrete, 8-soil retaining plate, 9-groove II, 10-step, 11-connecting block, 12-mounting groove, 13-horizontal plate, 14-through hole, 15-vertical plate, 16-bolt, 17-drainage hole, 18-soil layer, 19-bottom plate, 20-groove III, 21-round hole and 22-dentate convex groove.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an assembled retaining wall is formed by connecting a plurality of wall units in a transverse direction, wherein each wall unit includes two columns 1 and two columns 2 which are arranged in a triangular manner, grooves 3 are uniformly distributed on the rear side of each column 1 and the corresponding column 2, and the grooves 3 in this embodiment are arc-shaped. Vertical plates 4 are inserted between the first vertical columns 1 and the second vertical columns 2, the vertical plates 4 are structurally shown in fig. 2, protruding blocks 5 matched with the first grooves 3 are arranged on two sides of each vertical plate 4, the vertical plates 4 are inserted into the first grooves 3 to form a wall body, gaps are formed among the vertical plates 4, and therefore the wall body also has certain water permeability.

Wall unit front side sets up afforestation wall 6, for the slope wall body, and concrete structure is: including two fender native boards 8, and public one keeps off native board between two adjacent afforestation walls, it is shown specifically to see fig. 1, and wherein a stand front side sets up two recesses 9, keeps off in native board 8 rear side inserts into two recesses 9, and keeps off native board 8 up end and be provided with ladder 10, all sets up two connecting blocks 11 on 10 horizontal terminal surfaces of ladder and the vertical terminal surface, and 10 horizontal terminal surface rear sides of ladder set up mounting groove 12.

The horizontal end face of the ladder 10 is provided with a horizontal plate 13, through holes 14 (the structure is shown in fig. 3) matched with the connecting blocks 11 are arranged on two sides of the horizontal plate 13, namely, lugs are arranged on two opposite corners of the horizontal plate 13, the through holes 14 are arranged on the lugs, the structure is favorable for on-site splicing construction, and a plurality of horizontal plates 13 are spliced along the horizontal direction; a vertical plate 15 is inserted in the mounting groove 12, the upper end of the vertical plate 15 can be fastened with a horizontal plate 13 by a bolt 16, the structure of the vertical plate 15 is shown in fig. 4, the splicing mode of two adjacent vertical plates is shown in fig. 4, and the construction is simple and convenient. The top of the vertical plate 15 of the invention is higher than the water outlet flat plate 13, and the soil layer 18 is arranged on the vertical plate, so that the invention can be used for cultivating green plants.

The interior of the greening wall 6 and the interior of the wall units in the embodiment are filled with the pervious concrete 7, and the bottom of the pervious concrete is provided with the drain hole 17, so that the drainage function of the invention is ensured, and the invention can deal with emergent conditions such as debris flow and the like.

The construction method of the assembled retaining wall comprises the following steps:

1) leveling a field, designing the position of a pile hole, and placing a first upright post 1 and a second upright post 2 into the pile hole;

2) inserting a vertical plate 4 into a groove I3 corresponding to the upright post I1 and the upright post II 2 to form a wall unit; then inserting the retaining plate 8 into the second groove 9, installing the horizontal plate 13 on the horizontal end face of the step 10, and installing the vertical plate 15 on the vertical end face of the step 10 to form a frame of the greening wall;

3) and (3) pouring pervious concrete into each wall unit and the interior of the greening wall, reserving drain holes 17 at the bottom, and then paving a soil layer 18 on the greening wall.

The pervious concrete adopted by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 42.5 parts of Portland cement 35 parts, 3 parts of mineral powder, 3 parts of kaolin, 80 parts of broken stone, 90 parts of ceramsite, 1 part of waste rubber particles, 1 part of steel fiber, 1 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1 part of polyacrylamide, 0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 18 parts of water.

Wherein the crushed stone has a particle size of 4-8mm accounting for 50% and a particle size of 8-12.5mm accounting for 50%. The kaolin and the mineral powder are calcined at the high temperature of 900 ℃ under 800-.

The preparation method of the pervious concrete comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring the coarse aggregate and 50% of water uniformly, then dissolving hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyacrylamide in 10% cold water respectively to prepare a mixed solution, and mixing and stirring the mixed solution with other components uniformly.

Example 2

The structure of the embodiment 2 is different from that of the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps: the first groove 1 is Y-shaped as shown in fig. 6, and the structure of the two ends of the matched vertical plate 4 is also Y-shaped, and the installation stability can be further determined by adopting the structure.

The pervious concrete adopted by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 42.5 parts of Portland cement 38, 4 parts of mineral powder, 4 parts of kaolin, 85 parts of crushed stone, 85 parts of ceramsite, 1.5 parts of waste rubber particles, 1.5 parts of steel fiber, 1.5 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.15 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.15 part of polyacrylamide, 0.35 part of water reducing agent and 20 parts of water.

Example 3

Example 3 is substantially the same in structure as example 1, except that: as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a bottom plate 19 is arranged at the bottom of the wall unit, namely, at a position below the ground, the bottom plate 19 in the present application is also a prefabricated cement board, so that the settlement of the present invention can be prevented, and the bottom plate 19 is provided with a circular hole 21 matched with the first upright post 1 and the second upright post 2 and a groove three 20 matched with the lower end of the upright plate 4, so that the installation and construction are convenient.

The specific construction method comprises the following steps: 1) leveling the field, excavating a surface soil body, excavating a foundation trench, tamping, placing a bottom plate 19, and then placing the first stand column 1 and the second stand column 2 into the circular holes;

3) and (3) pouring pervious concrete into each wall unit and the interior of the greening wall, reserving drain holes at the bottom, and then paving a soil layer on the upper part of the greening wall.

The pervious concrete adopted by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 42.5 parts of Portland cement, 5 parts of mineral powder, 5 parts of kaolin, 90 parts of crushed stone, 80 parts of ceramsite, 2 parts of waste rubber particles, 2 parts of steel fiber, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.2 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.2 part of polyacrylamide, 0.4 part of water reducing agent and 22 parts of water.

Example 4

Embodiment 4 is based on embodiment 3, and the vertical plate 4 is also inserted between two adjacent two upright posts 2, as shown in fig. 9, although this arrangement increases the cost to a certain extent, the thickness of the retaining wall is increased, and further the strength is increased, and the area behind the new inserted vertical plate 4 is filled with gravels and soil in the construction process, which is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

In addition, the tooth-shaped convex grooves 22 are arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 19, which is helpful for enhancing the friction force between the bottom plate 19 and the bottom soil body, thereby enhancing the anti-sliding capability of the retaining wall of the invention.

The pervious concrete adopted by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 42.5 parts of Portland cement, 4 parts of mineral powder, 4.5 parts of kaolin, 87 parts of broken stone, 85 parts of ceramsite, 1.8 parts of waste rubber particles, 1.6 parts of steel fiber, 1.6 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.16 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.18 part of polyacrylamide, 0.38 part of water reducing agent and 20 parts of water.

Pervious concrete performance detection

The pervious concretes of examples 1-4 were prepared into 150 × 150mm test blocks and tested for compressive strength and porosity. The porosity was calculated by referring to the porosity measurement method proposed in the handbook of construction of permeable concrete river levee protection, japan.

TABLE 1 pervious concrete test results

	7d compressive Strength (MPa)	28d compressive Strength (MPa)	Porosity (%)
				Example 1	16.6	33.6	15.4
Example 2	17.8	34.5	14.6
				Example 3	18.1	36.4	12.3
Example 4	19.0	37.5	10.2

As can be seen from Table 1, the concrete prepared by the formulation has the 28d compressive strength of 33.6-37.5MPa, high compressive property and good water permeability, and can greatly enhance the strength and the service life of the fabricated retaining wall.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an assembled retaining wall which characterized in that: the wall body unit is formed by transversely connecting a plurality of wall body units, the wall body unit comprises two first stand columns (1) and two stand columns (2) which are arranged in a triangular mode, first grooves (3) are uniformly distributed on the rear sides of the first stand columns (1) and the second stand columns (2), vertical plates (4) are inserted between the first stand columns (1) and between the first stand columns (2), convex blocks (5) matched with the first grooves (3) are arranged on two sides of each vertical plate (4), a greening wall (6) is arranged on the front side of the wall body unit, and gravels or pervious concrete (7) are filled inside the greening wall (6) and inside the wall body unit.

2. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first groove (3) is Y-shaped or arc-shaped.

3. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: greening wall (6) are the slope wall body, including two fender apron (8), a stand front side sets up recess two (9), and fender apron (8) rear side inserts in recess two (9), it is provided with ladder (10) to keep off apron (8) up end, set up two connecting block (11) on ladder (10) horizontal terminal surface, ladder (10) horizontal terminal surface rear side sets up mounting groove (12).

4. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ladder (10) level terminal surface sets up horizontal plate (13), and horizontal plate (13) both sides set up through hole (14) that match with connecting block (11), vertical board (15) of interpolation joint in mounting groove (12).

5. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: a vertical plate (4) is also inserted between the two adjacent second upright posts (2).

6. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a bottom plate (19) is arranged at the bottom of the wall unit.

7. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the bottom plate (19) is provided with a round hole (21) matched with the first upright post (1) and the second upright post (2) and a groove III (20) matched with the lower end of the vertical plate (4).

8. A fabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pervious concrete (7) comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45 parts of 42.5 Portland cement, 3-5 parts of mineral powder, 3-5 parts of kaolin, 80-90 parts of broken stone, 80-90 parts of ceramsite, 1-2 parts of waste rubber particles, 1-2 parts of steel fiber, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-0.2 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1-0.2 part of polyacrylamide, 0.3-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 18-22 parts of water.

9. An assembled retaining wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: the crushed stone has a particle size of 4-8mm accounting for 50% and a particle size of 8-12.5mm accounting for 50%.

10. A construction method of an assembled retaining wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) leveling the field, digging out a surface soil body, placing a bottom plate (19), and then installing a first upright post (1) and a second upright post (2) on the bottom plate (19);

2) inserting the vertical plate (4) into the first groove (3) corresponding to the first upright post (1) and the second upright post (2) to form a wall unit; then inserting the retaining plate (8) into the second groove (9), installing the horizontal plate (13) on the horizontal end face of the step (10), and installing the vertical plate (15) on the vertical end face of the step (10) to form a greening wall frame;

3) filling broken stones or pouring pervious concrete into each wall unit and the greening wall, and then paving a soil layer (18) on the greening wall.