CN110844036A - Arrangement structure of main control room of nuclear power ship - Google Patents
Arrangement structure of main control room of nuclear power ship Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/22—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the propulsion power units being controlled from exterior of engine room, e.g. from navigation bridge; Arrangements of order telegraphs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B49/00—Arrangements of nautical instruments or navigational aids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/18—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by nuclear energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear power ship main control room arrangement structure, which comprises a primary loop operator station, a secondary loop operator station, an emergency shutdown disk, a backup disk and a long unit station, wherein the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station, the backup disk and the long unit station are all provided with safety monitoring equipment and non-safety monitoring equipment, and the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit station are in redundant configuration; the emergency shutdown disk is arranged between the first loop operator station and the second loop operator station and is used for manually shutting down the pile and manually starting a special safety facility by the first loop operator in emergency; the backup plate is arranged on one side of the primary loop operator station and used for switching the mode of the computer information and control system to the mode of the backup plate when the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit workstation are unavailable, and the backup plate directly brings the reactor to and maintains the reactor in a safe shutdown state. By implementing the invention, the overall operation safety of the nuclear power ship can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power plants, in particular to a nuclear power vessel main control room arrangement structure.
Background
The main control room is a monitoring center of the nuclear power station, provides a human-computer interface and related information and equipment required by the realization of the operation target of the reactor for operators, and has the main function of monitoring and controlling the reactor under various operation states and accident conditions so as to ensure the effective and safe operation of the nuclear power station. After design benchmark events and accident conditions occur, the main control room can still make the power station recover to a safe state by taking appropriate measures, radiation and pollution are prevented, and safety of personnel and equipment in the main control room is guaranteed. Therefore, the design of the main control room must first consider the implementation of the above functions, and at the same time, it is necessary to satisfy the human factors engineering principle, optimize the tasks in all operating states, provide the best distribution of the functions, so that the operators and the system can exert their abilities to the maximum extent, and provide a suitable working environment for the operators in the main control room.
At present, a main control room of a land nuclear power plant is provided with four workstations with the same configuration: the system comprises a nuclear island operator workstation, a conventional island operator workstation, a unit length workstation and a safety engineer station, wherein each workstation is provided with non-safety monitoring equipment and safety monitoring equipment, and the four operation stations are redundant mutually but have different management authorities; under the normal state, the first two workstations are in an operation mode and are responsible for monitoring safety and non-safety systems and equipment of the nuclear power station; the latter two workstations are in monitoring mode, have no operating authority, and execute control functions only when the nuclear island and the conventional island operating stations fail. The four large screens arranged on the front side of the main control room are used for displaying main parameters, main equipment states and safety protection system states of the power station, and observing the general appearance of the power station during normal or accident working conditions for operators and all personnel entering the main control room. The backup panel (BUP) is provided with an analog quantity display instrument, a hard hand operation, an indicator light, a safety level monitoring device, a parameter monitoring screen after an accident, an alarm window and the like, has the functions of parameter monitoring after the accident and alarm by a light word board, can maintain 4-hour steady state operation when the workstation is unavailable, and can bring the reactor to a safe shutdown state and maintain the reactor if the workstation is not recovered after 4 hours. The emergency shutdown panel (ECP) is positioned between the nuclear island operator workstation and the conventional island operator workstation, is used for manually stopping and manually starting the special safety facilities by operators in emergency, is connected to a driving mechanism or automatic processing equipment on a DCS layer 1 in a hard-wired mode, and is not influenced by the workstations. The diversified system driving Disk (DHP) is used for dealing with the common mode failure of the software of the protection system, and an independent system is adopted to execute the diversified driving monitoring function after the protection system fails. The serious accident disc (SAP) is used for treating serious accidents under the SBO (power loss of the whole plant) working condition, and realizes the relieving function after the occurrence of the serious accidents.
Besides, the main control room of the onshore nuclear power station is also provided with a fire alarm workstation, a closed circuit television monitoring screen, a plant access monitoring screen, a power grid dispatching monitoring station and other related equipment.
At present, no design scheme for a ship main control room based on nuclear power is published in China, and only a land nuclear power station main control room can be referred to. The onshore nuclear power station master control room system is generally provided with a plurality of devices, so that the scale of the design space is generally large, and the space of the offshore building is very limited no matter whether the onshore nuclear power station master control room system is a floating platform or a ship; the main control room system of the onshore nuclear power station does not consider special marine environment and cannot meet the shipboard human factor characteristics of the nuclear power main control room, however, the main control room design of the nuclear power ship cannot completely refer to the main control room design of the onshore nuclear power station based on the special marine environment and space factors, and simultaneously, the special man-machine interaction interface needs to be changed in consideration of the overall operation safety of the nuclear power ship, so the main control room of the nuclear power ship needs to be redesigned according to the environmental and functional requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compact-type nuclear power ship main control room structure suitable for sea, and improve the overall operation safety of a nuclear power ship.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, an embodiment of the invention provides a nuclear power ship main control room arrangement structure, which comprises a primary loop operator station, a secondary loop operator station, an emergency shutdown disk, a backup disk and a long unit station, wherein the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station, the backup disk and the long unit station are all provided with safety level monitoring equipment and non-safety level monitoring equipment, and the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit station are in redundant configuration;
the emergency shutdown disk is arranged between the first loop operator station and the second loop operator station and is used for manually stopping and manually starting a special safety facility by a first loop operator in an emergency;
the backup plate is arranged on one side of the primary loop operator station and used for switching from a computer information and control system mode to a backup plate mode when the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit workstation are unavailable, and the backup plate directly brings the reactor to and maintains the reactor in a safe shutdown state.
Preferably, the emergency shutdown disk comprises a safety level controller and an indicator light, wherein the safety level controller is used for sending a manual operation signal to realize shutdown and start up of the special safety facility, and the indicator light is used for feedback indication of the operation signal.
Preferably, the backup panel comprises a safety level control display module, and the safety level control display module is used for realizing safety level equipment operation of safety shutdown and corresponding feedback indication and post-accident parameter monitoring display.
Preferably, the backup disc comprises an alarm module for reminding an operator to perform relevant manual operations during the process from the controllable state to the safe shutdown of the reactor.
Preferably, the backup panel comprises a post-accident monitoring system, and the post-accident monitoring system is used for monitoring reactor parameters and states and recording safety level alarm after a reactor accident occurs.
Preferably, the backup panel comprises a serious accident instrumentation and control system, the serious accident instrumentation and control system is used for achieving a relieving function under the working conditions of serious accidents and station blackouts, and the non-safety monitoring equipment and the controller are used for driving equipment for monitoring important parameters of the reactor under the working conditions of serious accidents and relieving accidents.
Preferably, the backup disc comprises a diversified driving system, and the diversified driving system is used for conducting diversified driving monitoring when the reactor protection system software common mode fails or the protection system fails.
Preferably, a large screen is arranged in the main control chamber and used for displaying reactor parameters, equipment states and safety protection system states.
Preferably, a ship platform monitoring information screen is arranged in the main control room and used for monitoring and displaying ship navigation information.
Preferably, a radiation monitoring screen is arranged in the main control chamber and used for monitoring and displaying the radiation condition of the position of the reactor part.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the embodiment of the invention only arranges a first loop operator station, a second loop operator station and a unit long workstation, compared with the onshore nuclear power station, the invention cancels one workstation, reduces a plurality of non-safety monitoring devices on a backup panel, simplifies a main control room system and constructs a compact main control room arrangement scheme.
2. In the embodiment of the invention, after all the workstations fail, the backup plate is used for directly bringing and maintaining the reactor in a safe shutdown state, and steady-state operation for a certain time is not maintained any more to wait for the maintenance of the workstations.
3. Compared with a main control room of a land nuclear power station, the embodiment of the invention adds the ship monitoring information screen, monitors important ship navigation information such as a ship platform navigation system, a positioning system, damage management and the like, and ensures the overall operation safety of the nuclear power ship.
4. The embodiment of the invention is designed comprehensively based on the shipboard human factor characteristics and the nuclear power human factor characteristics of the nuclear power master control room, and can better meet the design requirements of the ship master control room.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a main control room of a nuclear power ship in the embodiment of the invention.
The labels in the figure are: the system comprises a primary loop operator station-1, a secondary loop operator station-2, a unit long work station-3, an emergency shutdown panel ECP-4, a safety level controller-41, an indicator light-42, a backup panel BUP-5, a safety level control display module SCI-51, an alarm module-52, a post-accident monitoring system PAMS-53, a severe accident instrument control system SIC-54, a diversified driving system DAS-55, a large screen-6, a ship platform monitoring information screen-7, a radiation monitoring screen-8, a switching station main control monitoring panel-9, a fire alarm monitoring panel-10, a closed circuit television monitoring screen-11, a printer-12 and an electronic white board-13.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In addition, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a main control room arrangement structure of a nuclear power ship, including a primary loop operator station 1, a secondary loop operator station 2, an emergency shutdown disk 4(ECP), a backup disk 5(BUP), and a crew leader station 3, where the primary loop operator station 1, the secondary loop operator station 2, the backup disk 5, and the crew leader station 3 are all provided with a safety level monitoring device (S-VDU) and a non-safety level monitoring device (NC-VDU), and the primary loop operator station 1, the secondary loop operator station 2, and the crew leader station 3 are configured in a redundant manner;
the emergency shutdown disk 4 is arranged between the primary loop operator station 1 and the secondary loop operator station 2 and is used for manually stopping and manually starting special safety facilities by a primary loop operator in an emergency;
the backup panel 5 is disposed on one side of the primary loop operator station 1, and is configured to switch from a computer information and control system (KIC) operation mode to a backup panel 5(BUP) operation mode when the primary loop operator station 1, the secondary loop operator station 2, and the crew length workstation 3 are not available, and it is important to note that in this embodiment, the backup panel 5 does not maintain a certain steady-state operation time to wait for workstation maintenance, but directly brings and maintains the reactor to a safe shutdown state, and therefore, in this embodiment, a monitoring device required for maintaining the steady-state operation of the reactor is eliminated on the backup panel 5.
Specifically, in the normal state, both the primary and secondary loop operator stations 1 and 2 are in the operation mode, the crew workstation 3 is in the monitoring mode, only the reactor status information can be monitored, and the control functions are blocked. When the primary loop operator station 1 or the secondary loop operator station 2 fails, the operator may retract to the crew member workstation 3 and log in to an operation mode. Wherein, the safety engineer looks at the reactor state through the long workstation 3 of shared unit to know and analyze the current situation and make a judgment, propose operation and processing suggestion. Therefore, compared with the traditional layout structure of the main control room on the land, the layout structure of the main control room of the nuclear power vessel reduces the number of safety engineer stations, and meanwhile, a plurality of non-safety monitoring devices are reduced on the backup plate 5, so that the system of the main control room is effectively simplified, and a compact layout scheme of the main control room is constructed, so that the structure of the system of the main control room meets the environmental conditions of the nuclear power vessel.
Based on the above contents, the arrangement structure of the nuclear power ship main control room provided by the embodiment of the invention is designed comprehensively based on the human factor characteristics and the nuclear power human factor characteristics on the ship, the safety and the availability of the reactor are ensured under various operation states and accident conditions, the design requirements are met, and the current situation of no reference of the ship nuclear power main control room is broken; the monitoring means is simplified, the monitoring equipment is reduced, the human risk is reduced, and the requirement on the building space is reduced, so that a large amount of funds are saved.
Preferably, the scram disk 4(ECP) includes a safety controller 41 and an indicator lamp 42, the safety controller 41 is used for sending a manual operation signal to realize the shutdown and start the special safety facility, and the indicator lamp 42 is used for indicating the safety controller 41 and the indicator lamp 42 by the feedback of the operation signal, so that the safety controller 41 and the indicator lamp 42 indicate the safety controller 41 and the indicator lamp 42.
Specifically, the scram disk 4 is connected from a main control room to a driving mechanism or an automatic processing device on the level 1 of the nuclear power plant DCS in a hard-wired manner, and the driving mechanism is a field driving device, such as a pump and a valve. In the special case of the emergency shutdown of the reactor, the intervention of an operator is minimum, and in order to avoid the action of a shutdown button to cause the immediate emergency shutdown of the reactor, a protective cover is arranged above the shutdown button to avoid misoperation.
Specifically, the backup panel 5 mainly includes a security level control display function, an alarm function, a post-accident monitoring function, a serious accident monitoring mitigation function, and a diversified driving monitoring function.
The backup panel 5 includes a Safety Control and Indication (SCI) module, the Safety Control and Indication module 51 is used for implementing Safety equipment operation and corresponding feedback Indication of a Safety shutdown and post-accident parameter monitoring and displaying, and the Safety Control and display module 51 includes a Safety monitoring device (S-VDU) and a small number of controllers required for maintaining a reactor in a Safety shutdown state.
The backup plate 5 comprises an alarm module 52, the alarm module 52 is used for reminding an operator to execute the related manual operation alarm module 52 in the process of the reactor from a controllable state to a safe shutdown, particularly, the alarm function of the backup plate 5 in the embodiment is realized by a small number of alarm lamps with light words, and the alarm module is used for important comprehensive alarm of a first loop and a second loop of the reactor, has the alarm display for maintaining the safe shutdown and having the need of executing operation, and adopts the design of sound and light alarm.
The backup panel 5 includes a Post-Accident monitoring system 53 (PAMS), and the Post-Accident monitoring system 53 is used for monitoring reactor parameters and states after a reactor Accident occurs and recording safety level alarm.
The backup panel 5 comprises a Severe Accident instrumentation and control system 54(SIC, Severe Accident I & C), wherein the Severe Accident instrumentation and control system 54 is used for achieving a relief function under Severe accidents and plant blackout conditions, and non-safety level monitoring equipment (NC-VDU) and a controller are used for monitoring reactor critical parameters under Severe accidents and driving equipment for Accident relief.
The backup disk 5 includes a diversified drive system 55 (DAS), and the diversified drive system 55 is used for performing diversified drive monitoring when a reactor protection system software common mode fails or a protection system fails.
The large screen 6 is arranged in the main control room, is used for displaying the main parameters of the reactor, the state of main equipment and the state of a safety protection system, is arranged on the front side of the main control room, and is convenient for an operator and all personnel entering the nuclear power main control room to rapidly and reliably judge the integral state of the reactor during normal or accident working conditions.
Wherein, the master control room is indoor to be equipped with boats and ships platform monitoring information screen 7, boats and ships platform monitoring information screen 7 is used for monitoring and showing boats and ships navigation information, mainly includes dynamic positioning system trouble, loss control monitoring, boats and ships platform navigation system trouble, cabin intake etc..
The radiation monitoring screen 8 is arranged in the main control chamber, the radiation monitoring screen 8 is used for monitoring and displaying the radiation condition of the position of the reactor part, and an alarm is given when the radiation value exceeds a threshold value.
The main control room is internally provided with a switching station main control panel 9, the switching station main control panel 9 is used for displaying graphs and reports of switching station equipment, recording events, displaying and inquiring alarm states, inquiring equipment states and parameters, explaining and issuing operation control commands and the like, and operators monitor and control the operation of the switching station equipment through authorization and passwords.
Wherein, be equipped with fire alarm monitoring dish 10 in the master control room, fire alarm monitoring dish 10 is used for carrying out the fire alarm monitoring to reactor and boats and ships important position, and cooperation is reported to the police, is monitored a set platform and can fix a position the fire alarm region fast and start fire control with rack operation personnel on the spot.
The closed circuit television monitoring screen is arranged in the main control chamber and used for monitoring the information of the important position of the reactor.
In addition to the above main devices, other auxiliary devices, such as a printer, an electronic whiteboard, etc., are also provided in the main control room in this embodiment.
As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
1) the layout and the function of the master control room in the embodiment of the invention are similar to those of a land nuclear power station, the functional areas of each workstation and each disk platform are clearly divided, the operation definition of the safety level and the non-safety level is clear, the convenience of the operation is improved, the operator is easier to adapt, and the human error of the operator can be effectively reduced.
2) The embodiment of the invention simplifies the system of the master control room, reduces the control and monitoring equipment, meets the space requirement on the ship, can exert the efficiency of operating personnel and monitoring equipment to the maximum extent, and constructs a compact master control room arrangement scheme on the premise of ensuring the basic function of the master control room.
3) In the embodiment of the invention, when the workstation fails, the operation needs to be switched to a backup-up panel (BUP) through a selector switch so as to prevent the misoperation of personnel under normal conditions.
4) The embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with a ship monitoring information screen, so that important ship navigation information such as a ship platform navigation system, a positioning system, damage management and the like is monitored, and the integral operation safety of the nuclear power ship is ensured.
5) The embodiment of the invention embodies the deep defense concept of the main Control room through an Operator Workstation (OWP), a backup disc (BUP), an Emergency shutdown disc (ECP), a Diversified Actuation System (DAS) and a Severe Accident instrumentation and Control System (SIC), realizes diversified shutdown Control means and ensures the safety and the availability of a reactor.
6) The embodiment of the invention is designed comprehensively based on the shipboard human factor characteristics and the nuclear power human factor characteristics of the nuclear power master control room, meets the design requirements of the ship master control room, and ensures the safety and the availability of the reactor in all running states.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A nuclear power vessel main control room arrangement structure is characterized by comprising a primary loop operator station, a secondary loop operator station, an emergency shutdown disk, a backup disk and a long unit station, wherein the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station, the backup disk and the long unit station are all provided with safety monitoring equipment and non-safety monitoring equipment, and the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit station are in redundant configuration;
the emergency shutdown disk is arranged between the first loop operator station and the second loop operator station and is used for manually stopping and manually starting a special safety facility by a first loop operator in an emergency;
the backup plate is arranged on one side of the primary loop operator station and used for switching from a computer information and control system mode to a backup plate mode when the primary loop operator station, the secondary loop operator station and the long unit workstation are unavailable, and the backup plate directly brings the reactor to and maintains the reactor in a safe shutdown state.
2. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement of claim 1, wherein the emergency shutdown disk includes a safety level controller for sending a manual operation signal to effect shutdown and start up of a dedicated safety facility and an indicator light for feedback indication of the operation signal.
3. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement of claim 2, wherein the backup panel comprises a safety level control display module for implementing safety level equipment operation for safety shutdown and corresponding feedback indication and post-accident parameter monitoring display.
4. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement of claim 3, wherein the backup disc includes an alarm module for alerting an operator to perform a relevant manual operation during a reactor trip from a controllable state to a safe shutdown.
5. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement of claim 4, wherein the backup panel comprises a post-accident monitoring system for monitoring reactor parameters and conditions and safety level alarm recording after a reactor accident.
6. The arrangement structure of the nuclear power vessel main control room as claimed in claim 5, wherein the backup panel comprises a serious accident instrumentation and control system, the serious accident instrumentation and control system is used for realizing the relief function under the working conditions of serious accidents and whole plant power failure, and the non-safety monitoring equipment and the controller are used for driving the equipment for monitoring the important parameters of the reactor under the working conditions of serious accidents and relieving the accidents.
7. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement of claim 6, wherein the backup panel includes a diversified drive system for diversified drive monitoring in response to reactor protection system software common mode failure or protection system failure.
8. The nuclear powered vessel main control room arrangement structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein a large screen is provided in the main control room, the large screen being used to display reactor parameters, equipment status and safety protection system status.
9. The arrangement structure of a nuclear powered vessel main control room as claimed in claim 2, wherein a vessel platform monitoring information screen is provided in the main control room, and the vessel platform monitoring information screen is used for monitoring and displaying vessel navigation information.
10. The arrangement structure of the nuclear power vessel main control room as claimed in claim 2, wherein a radiation monitoring screen is arranged in the main control room, and the radiation monitoring screen is used for monitoring and displaying the radiation condition of the position of the reactor part.
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| CN109760814A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-05-17 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of operating method of the nuclear power master control room of compact arrangement |
| CN211519815U (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-09-18 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Arrangement structure of main control room of nuclear power ship |
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