CN1108424C

CN1108424C - Pre-cast concrete walling system

Info

Publication number: CN1108424C
Application number: CN99804761A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 菲利普·布特
Original assignee: UNICURLE BUILDING SYSTEM CO Ltd
Current assignee: Unicurle Building System Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1998-04-07
Filing date: 1999-03-31
Publication date: 2003-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2019-03-31
Also published as: ID27587A; AR014822A1; KR20010042467A; TR200002908T2; CN1296542A; WO1999051829A1; MY114848A

Abstract

The invention concerns a pre-cast concrete panel comprising two skins and a non-concrete spacer element disposed between the two skins. A series of ducts extend through the spacer element and connectors extend through the ducts between the two skins. A series of channels are also defined in the two opposed faces of the spacer element and concrete supporting ribs extend along the channels and support the skins. The concrete connectors and ribs are formed monolithically, i.e. cast in one piece, although in some embodiments the connectors may be discontinuous in their length at or near their centre with the two halves of the connector joined by an insulated structural tie extending into the two halves of the connector. The skins may be cast in concrete at the same time as the ducts or ribs or alternatively may comprise a preformed board. The specification also discloses a battery casting method of vertically moulding such building panels.

Description

The non-concrete of concrete construction wallboard and lightweight thereof is object and manufacture method at interval

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of pre-cast concrete walling system.Especially, the present invention relates to the concrete construction wallboard, form the non-concrete of the lightweight of this wallboard object at interval, and the manufacture method of this wallboard.The invention provides the method for a kind of large scale prefabricated light weight concrete construction wallboard and the described wallboard of manufacturing.Wallboard of the present invention can load-carrying or non-load-carrying, and is suitable for using in low-cost single floor room or multi-layer construction structure.

Background technology

Existing multiple light weight concrete construction wall system.When being used to describe concrete, " lightweight " this term refers to weight concrete and is no more than 1,400kg/m ³And it is still very closely knit.

Existing light weight concrete construction wall system comprises the solid wall of being made by light material or makes hollow wallboard, comprises building up " concrete cavity " that reduces concrete content and therefore reduce the global density of wallboard.With term " concrete cavity ", hint that no concrete space is by air or the filling of non-concrete fill at this.

The present invention relates to the improvement of " concrete cavity " type of light weight concrete construction wall.

Two kinds of " concrete cavity " wall systems are arranged, support outer field solid type, for example, the wallboard front, solid material wherein serves as isolator sometimes and loses from workpiece or remove and build the pass of moulding.

For energy-conservation, and the society of seeking to make the high building of efficiency, insulation is main Consideration, therefore most building pieces utilize insulation materials to coagulate native cavity as mud now.Yet when when adopting on the external wall in the external temperature fluctuation of the building area when living uncomfortable level, insulation just has some real value usually.Most walls in the dwelling of living are seldom or the interior wall that must not insulate, and adopt insulated siding to waste the value of used insulation to a great extent to interior wall.Material as the insulation typical case adopts comprises expanded polystyrene and polyurethane.Use described material to play the double action that the insulation is provided and also reduces the weight of wall spare as concrete cavity.Yet described material has extremely low melt temperature, and when the high temperature of standard fire protection requirement, can not resist heat.In some cases, described insulation materials also may be more expensive than the material that they substituted, and especially in developing country, the raw material of making this insulation materials is quite expensive with respect to constructional materials.

A plurality of existing wall systems adopt hard insulation materials with propclip heart-shaped structure wall surface, the skin of the wall insulation materials that boning in the described sandwich type structure.

As what fully understood, wall can be carried out two basic functions.First function is a side of serving as the room, is also referred to as wall function.The non of a plurality of inside is only carried out described function.Structural load bearing wall gives support to a roof and top base plate weight, the opposing horizontal external, and described is structural function, and an example (function of wall) of serving as the room.When attempting to reduce the weight of wall and saving the material cost, there is various factors to consider.Obviously, require the outer layer thickness of wall spare thin as much as possible, and if wall have full depth above 100mm, two surperficial skins of wall must be separated by another part but still keep connecting.

When making thin concrete wall cross section, strengthen with steel mesh structure, because the size of steel mesh structure, extremely difficulty is reduced to the wall cross section under the 25mm.Adopt fiber to strengthen further reducing the thickness in wall cross section, however thin wall cross section (can 8 to 45mm thick between, preferably 12 to 35mm) not only in manufacture process but also in hardening process and afterwards, need support by some other part.The effective span of wall skin between support member is very limited when depending on outer layer thickness and not having any extra support.The thickness of described factor in the wall cross section is low to moderate when 4mm adopts prefabricated cement board further have been strengthened.

Further problem is enough brute forces that two wall skins must be connected to each other and carry out wall function each other to give.Yet,, produced and depended on the higher-pressure region that connects the span between supporting two outer junctions.In most cases, described problem is by linking " concrete cavity " with the wall skin, then outerly couples together and solves with a series of vertical studs or superfine long vertical column two.

It is known that to build two walls respectively outer and subsequently two skins of building are connected together.Yet this is the process of difficulty extremely, and especially long for 8 meters, 3 meters wide, and 10-25 millimeters thick and may comprise window and the prefabricated panel skin of large scale structure of the opening of door is because thin crisp prefabricated outer part needs extremely handled before connection.And, connector/sept and outer inhomogeneity, and this can cause the long-term layering and near the region of high stress of connector.Described stress can cause invisible cracking.Therefore, the type of described system only is suitable for the non-structure wallboard of various small-sized modulus types.Second problem of described system is the extremely invalid mould space that utilizes of skin of building respectively, and described system needs twice mould top layer area, so that the monolithic casting system need be produced the wallboard of same size.

The present invention is less than 800kg/m in seeking to alleviate the problem in the prior art and provide body of wall to amass and weighing ³Prefabricated lightweight wall system.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, a first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of concrete construction wallboard, has:

Two skins that comprise concrete surface or plate;

The non-concrete of at least one lightweight is object at interval, place between interior two surfaces of building wall board, define from a plurality of pipelines that spatially separate and a series of groove that is formed on object both sides, interval that stretches out to adjacent conduit from the pipeline end that wherein stretch out from a side to opposite side;

Stretch out the outer field concrete connector of connection by pipeline; With

The concrete bearing rib that forms in groove, its middle rib and connector define supporting construction to two skins.

Braced structures is very sturdy and durable on all directions, and the monolithic moulding, and promptly ingredient is built simultaneously.The lattice storehouse model of rib and connector and size be by the domination of the shape of interval device, and can be changed by the model that changes the groove that is limited by the interval object and size.Model can be square or equilateral triangle.Rib can be located at the both direction at least in the same plane, and for example vertical and level is preferably in three or the four direction.In some structure, the most of crosspoints between the rib are at the connector place, and great majority are at the connector place in other structure.

The size of rib is suitable for comprising structural various application, on the identical distance device different sizes can be arranged.Described rib usable fibers, fiber rod, or steel pole or existing sometimes bar have fiber to harden again.

For the horizontal alignment wallboard, preferably the groove that is limited by the interval device both outwards spreads towards another pipeline, and also the middle body from pipeline upwards spreads towards skin, so the tangent line of rib, is typically 30 to 60 degree with an angle and outer at grade intersection.

Preferably the center band of pipeline is finalized and has at pipeline and the end radial extension in outer contact position or bell.

Preferably the cross sectional shape of pipeline normally defines the colored type of " petal " at the infall of groove end and pipeline.

Concrete Zhou Bianliang extends round whole or local wallboard periphery in the preferred embodiment.

In one embodiment, the concrete connector or near described centre length be discontinuous.Two parts of connector or extend outwardly into the two-part of connector by one and the insulation system pull bar that extends outwardly into or be connected on the concrete rib connects together near its central authorities.

In one embodiment, skin is formed by the plate that comprises the fiber reinforcement panel material, is typically the plate of cement performance.

Yet the intensity of braced structures is by improving many times with the moulding of concrete surface layer skin.

Therefore aspect relevant, the present invention also provides the method for making a kind of building wall board, and it comprises: a mould with a substrate and side is provided, with define separate pipelines in a plurality of spaces the non-concrete of lightweight at interval object place on the layer of concrete of mould;

At interval device vibration and advancing in the concrete breaks away from around any air under spacer is from the space or by pipeline promoting, arrives concrete surface layer and also forces concrete to enter in pipeline and the groove;

Other concrete is inclined on the device of interval and on every side with fill mold;

The finishing concrete surface is to the texture that is fit to of wall; With

The wallboard sclerosis.

Preferably when sclerosis, cover wallboard.

Stirring/vibration rate is preferably quite low, is typically half of 5Hz, most preferably 1Hz.The wallboard vibration amplitude can be 5 to 20mm, preferably about 10mm.

Certainly, wallboard can be formed by a more than non-concrete interval device.And mould can limit door, window and similar space, and structural members all in forming process can be strengthened when needed.

In optional method, can under the state of wallboard lateral vertical orientation, build.At interval device can be entity or, collapse owing to fluidstatic pressure and vibration avoiding if the hole has inner support, can use hollow body.The degree of inner support can be progressively to adapt to the relative changing value of fluid pressure under vertical casting method.

The present invention also provides non-concrete device at interval, is used for making in the present invention building wall board, defines side and two contrast surface, at least one, best radial expansion, extend and the series of grooves surface of each along wallboard extension from a surface to another surface by wallboard from pipeline.

Be typically the interval device and comprise a plurality of pipelines, groove extends between adjacent pipeline.

" non-concrete " comprises the product of the hydraulicity with high air content in the full text of this explanation.

At interval the best hollow of device and by two link together subsequently and seal form spacer be generally the same section manufacturing.

The suitable material that is used for non-concrete spacer comprises gypsum and plaster, wood pulp and wood products, HI high impact styrene, expanded polystyrene, any discontinued product connects together, even any suitable to have an external surface airtight to stop the porous material of concrete injection in the process of building, the material of perhaps any suitable plastic or hydraulicity.

If will make the hollow of material with good fire-protection standard, gypsum plaster and foamed gypsum plaster or the foam silicate cement strengthened of glass preferably.

Approximately is 125mm along pipeline at the area of the smallest cross-sectional of described pipeline central authorities ², the area of preferred cross-sections approximately is 1250mm ²Preferably pipeline spacing between with 100 to 500mm in the model of square lattice storehouse spatially separates.

Description of drawings

Only specific embodiment of the present invention is described now with example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the elevation of non-concrete interval device or hollow model;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view along the II-II line of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 a is the sectional view along the amplification of the IIa-IIa line of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 b is the sectional view of the amplification of pipeline central authorities;

Fig. 3 shows half rear elevational view of inner support hollow hollow object;

Fig. 4 shows the sectional view along the VI line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows the sectional view along the V line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the elevation of the spacer of wall;

Fig. 7 is the plan view of the spacer of the wall shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the elevation of the load-bearing wall panel that the present invention includes;

Fig. 9 is the lateral view of the load-bearing wall panel of Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is one group of elevation of building assembly of the present invention;

Figure 11 is one group of comprehensive plan view of building the assembly workspace;

Figure 12 shows the elevation of module of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the sectional view along the XIII-XIII line of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the sectional view along the XIV-XIV line of Figure 12;

Figure 15 is the lateral view of first time lattice storehouse separator locator;

Figure 16 is the lateral view of second time lattice storehouse separator locator;

Figure 17 shows backing plate;

Figure 18 is the lateral view of lattice storehouse separator;

Figure 19 shows the downside of lattice storehouse separator shown in Figure 180;

Figure 20 has illustrated with restraining plate and has been connected interval object on the substrate of wallboard;

Figure 21 shows margin plate;

Figure 22 is the sectional view of Figure 21 along the amplification of XXII-XXII line;

Figure 23 is the elevation of the lattice storehouse framing of explanation wallboard;

Figure 24 has illustrated the sealing of margin plate; With

Figure 25 shows lattice storehouse, top separator locator.

The specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings, non-concrete interval object 10 of Fig. 1 to 2 explanation entity or concrete hollow model 10.As shown in, at interval object look squarely normally foursquare, although it may be rectangular.A series of pipelines 12 extend to another surperficial 10B from a surperficial 10A of model.Pipeline end radial expansion/bell.Series of grooves comprises vertical channel 14, and level trough 16 and diagonal slot 18 are limited among the

surperficial

10A and 10B of interval object.

Pipeline is approximate in the area of section of the narrowest part to be 1250mm ², groove is a dome-shaped, approximate 25mm is dark and approximate 600mm arranged ²The area of section, but with its area of section from 65mm ²To 1600mm ²Change, the degree of depth can change to 40mm from 8mm.

As what will describe after this explanation, object is used for the process of vertical concreting building wall board at interval, groove 14 configuration that is vertically oriented.Although in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, all

grooves

14,16 and 18 have same size, and the size that also can change groove to be conveniently to build process, for example vertical slots 14 can make bigger to make things convenient for concrete to flow.Selected groove, for example the vertical slots 14 of the opposite face of object coupling also can be expanded into structural member at interval, and strengthens in conjunction with steel or fiber rod, and other groove is still less.Under some situation, the ribs of expansion can substitute illustrated in fig. 8 and hereinafter with the

structural member

52 and 54 of discussion partial or completely.

Shown in Fig. 2 a, the section of groove is bell, therefore in the finished product wallboard of describing hereinafter, is mixed into the sharp-edged that skin avoids producing stress glossily.As Fig. 2 finding, rib and outside on planar radiation shape ground, the top layer of interval object from a pipeline to another pipeline, also become bent and radially outside, so the plane, top layer of the tangent line T on the groove top layer shown in Fig. 2 and object at interval is with an angular cross from the pipeline central area.Groove also can as shown in Figure 2, show the slot part 16a that is connected by middle body 16c and be connected with the common C shape that 16b is limited by object extension at interval, and therefore at the similar flower head in cross section by the pipeline central area, each groove limits a petal.

Fig. 3 to 5 illustrates and adopts the interval object 10 of hollow or part hollow also is feasible.Fig. 3 is hollow half rear elevation of 20 of object 10 at interval.Front elevation drawing is identical with the interval object shown in Fig. 1.Form part at

various grooves

14,16 and 18, material extends to limit coplane flat back 22.These are the same planes with rear perimeter edge 24.Therefore when two parts 30 rear surfaces connected together facing to the rear surface, the

ridge

22,24 of per half part bore each other and can be bonded together.The interval object that forms has enclosed a series of common tri-angle-holed 26.

Because ridge 24 contacts with each other and load-bearing in inside, when interval object two halves connects together, increase hollow intensity, also make hollow along the level at material entities place or vertical groove incision.

Except the interval object needs more by force with the renitency, ridge not necessarily.Ridge can be discontinuous so that ridge partial weight-bearing only, and this can adjust the degree with the pressure that is suitable for resisting.In some cases, ridge can be removed or at interval object can be on a building wall board from continuous ridge to the part ridge or there is not the ridge transition.

Require, ridge is arranged or do not have ridge, cavity 26 and any other bore portion can be local or be filled obsolete material fully to strengthen collapsing under the object renitency at interval.

If Fig. 6 and 7 explanations are used for making the wall and interval object 10 plastics wall sept 30 at interval of mould when the top layer skin is made by concrete.The wall sept comprises that an one side has the plate of four pin joints 32, described pin joint can advance in the object of interval the wall sept is fixed on the object of interval, and another side at plate, it is high most advanced and sophisticated or outstanding 34 of 12mm that this object defines a height " h ", but can 8 and 45mm between change.

The load-bearing wall panel 50 that Fig. 8 to 9 explanation forms with interval object 10.Wallboard has the Zhou Bianliang 52 (strengthening with the entity steel pole, not shown) around the wallboard periphery.A series of four steel reinforcing props 54 are also arranged, separate each other with 600mm.Placing between wall and the post 54 is a series of intervals object assembly (each is formed by resembling three interval objects that connect together shown in Figure 1).Surfaces of wall or outer 58 is the thick concrete of 12mm, and defines by the internally interconnected veneer of wall of a series of small-sized flush deck sockets 60 (being formed by the pipeline in the sept 12).A series of ribs 62 connect flush deck socket 60, and by

groove

14,16,18 form rib in the object of interval.

Also can form and comprise that interval object assembly that an independent interval object by a large amount of connections is formed there is no the non-bearing wallboard of load-bearing pillar, except that this forms selectable Zhou Bianchang beam.Also half load-bearing wall panel can be set, wherein only have a load-bearing pillar.

Figure 10 and 11 has provided the overview of vertically building device that can be used to form the wallboard shown in Fig. 8.Before describing device in detail, after vertical casting system, have one brief, a little simple scanning about principle.

With reference to Figure 11, system need place and be bordering on the long horizontal concrete work platform of the wide and the shortest 20m of 12m on the

ground.Rail

102 and 104 places concrete work platform.Large-scale stand crane 106 moves on rail 102.Small-sized stand crane 108 moves on rail 104.Wallboard is made in module, represents with 110 in as described in more detail below usually, is made up of a plurality of parts that comprise frame 112 and lattice storehouse lattice device 114.Membrane module comprises a heavy base steel frame 116.Lattice storehouse separator is vertically oriented, wallboard with the group type several to the lattice storehouse separator 114 of adjacency between moulding.Concrete panel sclerosis frame 118 places on the base plate 116 of adjacency.

Heavy base steel frame 116B is placed at from the concrete work platform between the approximate 8m of the framework 116A rail 104 at interval.Make the group of wallboard 50 and build in the substrate of operating the principle that is preferably in per two or four mobile mould/casting positions of circulation, although the group mould may be static.Therefore, group is watered moulding and at first is assemblied on the framework 116A, prepares to use by the interval object assembly in the serial mould that limits between the lattice storehouse lattice device 114 to build.Concrete is poured into the lattice storehouse and fills up up to Ge Cang, in case of necessity vibration.Concrete panel hardens up to moving in mould then.Small-sized then stand crane 108 is used for a wherein side of mobile frame 112, locate at the second framework 116B place, and the lattice storehouse separator of described frame arranged adjacent delivers the clear area 120 that enters between framework 116A and 116B by small-sized stand crane, cleans on substrate 116B and relocates.Then, margin plate, seal and preformed hole sprue remove around the wallboard 50 that exposes, and large-scale stand crane 106 moves on to wallboard on the concrete panel sclerosis frame 118.Process repeats to be assembled in up hill and dale up to mould that substrate 116B goes up and all concrete panels 50 place on the frame 118 again.

When concrete panel 50 hardened on sclerosis frame 118, available mould was made the second cover concrete panel.After these wallboard sclerosis, wallboard moves on on the sclerosis frame of contiguous substrate 116B then.In the system of one or two circulation, substrate is removed by industrial roll frame (not shown) or is moved approximate 8m in one direction along the above-mentioned rail two cyclings then, to repeat above-mentioned circulation.Selectable, can adopt large-scale stand crane, in each side of pedestal concrete panel sclerosis frame 118 is arranged, wherein, mould is assembling again on substrate 116A, and the concrete panel that forms in the 3rd forming operation is transferred on the empty frame of mould opposite side.Mould re-assembly on the substrate 116B and the in the end empty frame of quadruplet wallboard on make and preserve.Substrate can be moved, and above-mentioned four cyclings are repeated.After another set of four wallboards were made, substrate was moved to a new position once more, or returns original position, depends on the fate that concrete panel need be preserved.Need, finish in one direction move for several times after, mould moves on on one side, forms a new production line.Optionally, space base frame 116 can move so that wallboard 50 is placed on temporarily and transmit on the vehicle, and then retracts to re-assembly mould.

Have in the project of road, as long as road has rational height, mould can move on a tinuous production continuously along road, and wallboard places the area of the building that vicinity will build.Then, crane directly lifts product in building, has therefore exempted any movement requirement.

Have system described above, enough firm times of wallboard can directly take resettlement from the grown place to for wallboard.This has obviously increased the efficient of process, is fearful and the process of time-consuming owing to handle the large-sized concrete wallboard, especially in developing country that the material storage and transportation apparatus and the substrate facility of complexity can't obtain usually.By mobile mould, leaving space is used for wallboard 50 is placed on vehicle near hardening of concrete frame 118.When being not used in the decomposition mould, can realize by crane with large-scale stand crane 106.

Be detailed description below to mold assemblies and concrete placement.

Mould group explanation in Figure 12 to 14 of assembling.The component of mould group illustrate in the accompanying drawing of label subsequently.Pedestal 16 places the substrate of mould group.Described framework is clear expression in Figure 14.It is made by three small-sized steel frames 150,152 and 154.Framework 154 is identical with framework 150.Each framework comprises two and is fixed on the parallel heavy steel i beam on parallel i beam 158 tops like the two-phase.Brace summer 160 extends between the opposition angle on two diagonal that beam intersects.158 of parallel girders stretch to a side of

frame unit

150 and 154 and the both sides of frame unit 152.Additional brace summer 160 places between the contiguous frame unit with reinforced frame.

Then, lattice storehouse separator locator 170,172 is fixed on the steel base 116.Lattice storehouse separator locator 170 (with reference to Figure 15) comprises a steel plate that is provided with the length of nine sections that protrude upward 174.Section is normally rectangular, and the top of section defines the skew wall that extends to as far as horizontal rectangle top.A series of holes 176 form so that lattice storehouse separator is bolted on the pedestal 116 in the separator of lattice storehouse.Lattice storehouse separator locator 172 much and only limits a section 174 than lattice storehouse separator 170 weak points.In the use, lattice storehouse separator locator 170 is used to locate nine lattice storehouse separators are built wallboard with formation eight lattice storehouses.If additional lattice storehouse separator locator 172 places each side of lattice storehouse separator locator 170, just can two other wallboard of moulding as shown in Figure 13.Following lattice storehouse separator locator aligns with the part 156 of pedestal 116 and combines with bolt.Therefore need six locators 170 and 12 locators 172.

Steel sole plate 180 shown in next step Figure 22 is positioned the top of pedestal 116 between Xia Gecang separator locator.Distance between the width of base plate and beam 156 edges is identical.

Side frame 112 is positioned at each side of pedestal 156.Frame must enough strongly be transferred on the pedestal 116 with the fluid pressure that will produce in forming process by girder steel construction.When die set in when assembling, in two frames one settles in back, base plate location.Another is at the end settled in assembling process.Bolt 192 stretches out and enters on the corresponding hole of substrate from the frame substrate.The framework upper end limits two trapezoidal plates 194, respectively comprises a through hole 196 that lifts frame with the stand crane.The top of framework also limit a series of six upright cylindrical outstanding 198, as what described afterwards, it is used to install lattice storehouse separator locator 250.

After first frame 112 was fixed on pedestal 116, first lattice storehouse separator 114 was connected on the frame.As shown in figure 18, lattice storehouse separator comprises two plates 202 that are welded in each side of support frame.Each side at lattice storehouse separator has a straight hook 210.The slotted hole 212 of a series of horizontal alignments is limited at the top of lattice storehouse separator.As shown in figure 19, the substrate of lattice storehouse separator defines six rectangle slotted holes 214, and slotted hole is to hold the section 174 of lattice storehouse separator down.

Then settle bottom wallboard substrate 220, it comprises the metal sheet of beveled edge under long the having.Plate 220 defines the substrate of mould.As shown in figure 20, the constraint lath extends between plate 220 and steel sole plate 180.

Settled after the plate 220, used confining bed in the junction, margin plate closure member 240 is attached on the margin plate 230 (sees Figure 24).The margin plate closure member has dihedral tip portion 242.Because the angle of tip portion, act on fluid pressure P on the closing element and trend towards forcing tip portion near lattice storehouse separator and pressure is big more thus, sealing is good more.

A margin plate is shown in Figure 21 and 22.Each margin plate comprises two metal tubes 232 with prolongation of annular rectangle section, is connected together by a series of planes 234.There is an annular cover 236 that is used to hold pillar at middle part near margin plate.Cylinder timber wedge 238 is positioned in the substrate of margin plate.As shown in figure 23, lattice storehouse spacer inserts in the bottom wallboard substrate with chock 238.Figure 23 illustrates that two concrete panels are end-to-end builds rather than independent concrete panel extends along whole length of mould.Then the preformed hole sprue is arranged on window and requires part with door.

Release agent is applied to the top layer of lattice storehouse separator, substrate 220 and margin plate seal 240.

Then the object assembly is fixed on the substrate 220 by constraint lath 222 at interval.In forming process, each lath can bear 1 ton power.After concrete casting injected mould, if do not retrained by lath 222, lightweight object at interval rose.At interval the object assembly comprises a plurality of intervals object, as Fig. 1 or shown in Figure 4, connects together at a section, and Fig. 9 or shown in Figure 10 for example is with light processing.Be typically, the object assembly is with classification at interval, and in other words, placing near the interval object in mould top will be hollow, and placing the interval object of bottom is entity, with the bigger fluid pressure of opposing.But interval object hollow, but be partially filled towards the wallboard middle part.

Make if skin is strengthened steel by fiber, described material is attached on the object of interval and in this step and settles.

Next step whether and need to settle bracing piece wherein, for example around periphery, along any space of settling post 54, on gateway and window, or along

groove

14,16 or 18.

Next step is applied to a top layer of second lattice storehouse spacer 114 with release agent, and second lattice storehouse spacer is positioned on the next lattice storehouse spacer eliminator 170 down.Repetitive operation is up to all lattice storehouse eliminators then, margin plate, and the margin plate seal, the constraint lath, object at interval, reinforcements etc. are positioned.

Next step, lattice storehouse, the top separator locator 250 shown in Figure 25 is positioned the mould top.Each separator locator top, lattice storehouse have 11 outstanding 252, along the substrate of lattice storehouse, top separator locator separately.Each end at lattice storehouse separator locator is the plate 254 that defines outstanding 198 holes that held 256 of one of them on side frame 112.Adopt lattice storehouse, six top separator locator altogether.Outstanding 252 have slotted hole between the part 232 of margin plate 230.The object assembly is connected to lattice storehouse, top separator locator to locate in mould at interval.When mould is assembled as shown in figure 16, the upper strata of concrete pouring progressive die.Concrete mix at least should be by portland cement, meticulous aggregate, sand for example, high scope water reducing agent of a kind of super plasticizing and water.Preferably mixture comprises fiber, and for example polyphenyl alkene or steel and at some but in the not all application, uses coarse aggregate are with reduction water/cement proportion and gain in strength.The size of coarse aggregate depends on the outer field thickness on wallboard (its skin is a concrete) top layer.If adopt the wall sept shown in Fig. 7 and 8, thickness is 12mm, and coarse aggregate can reach diameter 8mm.If it is thick that skin is made 15mm, coarse aggregate reaches diameter 10mm just can be adopted.Thin plate as outer and situation that groove is less under, aggregate that need not be big.

Necessary, mould or concrete can vibrate in padding.

Concrete panel begins sclerosis then.After concrete panel hardened fully, module was disassembled, and parts but not steel base are referring to figs 12 to 14 as the moving of above-mentioned description.Must cut off lath 222 from concrete panel, to remove lower walls base board 220.

Be typically above-described module and will comprise 10 lattice storehouses, about 6 to 7m is long, the 3m height.One or more concrete panels is made in each lattice storehouse.The thickness of wallboard changes between 50mm to 200mm, in the case, needs less lattice storehouse separator to finish the group structure.Under the opposite extreme situations, 10 lattice storehouses of standard are arranged and can be changed between 6 lattice storehouses and 20 lattice storehouses.

Above-described mobile vertical casting method and static horizontal casting method comparison, advantage is as follows:

Less pouring area;

Material and workman move than short distance;

Since do not need dressing technique, few to workman's technical requirements;

Product need not cover to stop the moisture loss in the beginning hardening process;

Because no moisture loss, the heat of hydration is retained in wherein, convenient sclerosis;

Lower whole fund cost-low depreciable cost;

Produce on the spot, factory need not cover;

Factory can settle again within a couple of days;

Move the group mould and mean that product is stored immediately and only placement in transit when removing mould, this means that the product accumulating is few;

By using two substrates, group module dress speed improves.

Wallboard of the present invention also can be made by the horizontal form process, although more preferably vertically moulding.

For horizontal form, the process of making wallboard is from making things convenient for the horizontal mold surface of wallboard moulding with release agent.

Margin plate defines the periphery and the degree of depth of wallboard and places the mold surface position.Margin plate also limits any gateway and window that extends by wallboard.

Then concrete is poured into mould and in mould, evenly scatter up to be similar to margin plate half-the degree of depth.

Concrete is preferably by portland cement, and small-sized coarse aggregate and sand are made.Mixture should have suitable plasticity, owing to need flow into everywhere in the groove of interval object 10.Water/silicate ratio is important to stoping very trickle splitting.

Then, one or more interval objects 30 places the concrete top of rising and because hollow very light, and object must advance and do work or vibration downwards enters concrete up in correct position at interval.Be typically object at interval with the vibration that is bordering on 1Hz and amplitude about 10mm.This helps concrete to force and enters groove 18 also by pipeline 12, simultaneously, any air that is involved in is broken away from around the mould top layer or by pipeline 12, so that groove 18 is full of concrete.At interval in the object propulsion module, the correct depth in mould, for example, approximate 10 to 12mm from horizontal mould top layer, and this depends on outer field expectation thickness, and the size that it depends on aggregate especially is used for the amount (if any) of outer field reinforcement material.

Then, at Zhou Bianliang if desired with when needing any other structural member of the wallboard strengthened, the steel bracing piece places the periphery of mould between margin plate and mould.Then, remaining concrete incline on the top of mould with fill mold.Then, wipe and finish the top layer off to the texture that is fit to.Wallboard covers with sclerosis, lifts from mould then.Cover wallboard to stop the moisture excessive vaporization and to help to prevent to split.

When the additional knot member of the similar vertical stud/post of needs, when horizontal beam or window and gateway, object is cut into certain size or assembles to be suitable for wall plate structure at interval.

Whether by vertically building or level is built manufacturing, whole shapes of building wall board make the pattern of the rib that pipeline links to each other with skin that following function be arranged by radially expanding bell part:

1. by the center on a series of ribs that mould around form inner, around pipeline, form the concrete shape of monolithic moulding, strengthen the region of high stress that two wall skins is connected with each other by post in the wall cavity.

2. radially the pipeline end of expansion and rib stop spreading of cracking in the skin by increase outer layer depth in the rib district, thus the thinnest outer part always with darker rib adjacency partly, help the development that prevents and postpone to split.

3. the wallboard of finishing is real hollow, except Zhou Bianliang, and small-sized horizontal columns and any other entity structure part.This makes as long as just can easily overhaul wall by the skin and the soft spacer member 30 of thin concrete wall.

At interval object can be with any suitable formwork, gypsum for example, plaster, wood pulp, wood products, HI high impact styrene, expanded polystyrene, foamed cement, appropriate plastic material or or even discarded material, as long as it can be molded to the shape of mould requirement.

Must have at building wall board under the situation of high fire-protection standard, preferably have different thickness and strengthen gypsum plaster and foamed gypsum plaster with the glass of the fire-protection standard that is suitable for requirement.

Insulation can be inserted in the hole of interval object 30.Optionally, part 30 can when its hole with part 30 combines, provide required insulativity with the insulation materials manufacturing with wall thickness degree.

In addition, for the country of cold or hot weather, pipeline 12 is being similar to being blocked by one deck insulation materials along its length midway.Then, two parts of connector are insulated layer separately, and must structurally be connected by structural connector.Connector is preferably by the material manufacturing of poor thermal conductivity, for example reinforced plastics.Connector put in firm anchoring by insulating layer and be embedded in become in the concrete bell.The shape of structural connector can be from the cylindrical tube to the X-shaped or star change.If the shape of this part is a star, counting in the star is relevant with the quantity of groove or rib and corresponding, and described groove or rib intersect at the connector place, and at each point on the star or give prominence to and will put in or be anchored on each rib.Described outstanding be porous or ripple, enough outstanding bonding making with rib.In addition, insulating layer is sealed the smallest cross sectional district of pipeline, promptly along the centre of connector length.If structural connection is the design of circle or tubulose, pipeline, insulating layer or pipe must be shaped to be suitable for the also smallest cross sectional district of closed conduct so, and pipeline is divided into two, as all connectors.The part that puts in the bell tubular connection of connector also has perforation, inserts can make thin bracing piece, so that connector and rib and connector are fixed.Structure connects to have and is similar to as connector same structure function continuously time the from the skin to the skin.Concrete is good heat conductor, and propagates cold temperature by the solid concrete post that pipeline forms by wall, forms the cold-zone.Insulating layer has stoped these.

Those skilled in the art will recognize according to the present invention under the prerequisite that does not deviate from broadly described thought of the present invention or scope, a large amount of variations and/or distortion can be arranged, as shown in the certain embodiments.Therefore, present embodiment is considered to illustrative but not binding in every respect.

Claims

1. concrete construction wallboard comprises:

Two skins that comprise concrete surface or plate;

The non-concrete of at least one lightweight is object at interval, place between interior two surfaces of building wall board, define from a plurality of pipelines that spatially separate and a series of groove that forms in object both sides, interval that stretches out to adjacent conduit from the pipeline end that wherein stretch out from a side to opposite side;

Stretch out the outer field concrete connector of connection by pipeline; With

The concrete bearing rib that forms in groove, its middle rib and connector are to the two outer supporting constructions that form.

2. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, connector has the smallest cross sectional district along pipeline in the stage casing, and the area in this smallest cross sectional district is 125mm ²To 5625mm ²

3. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, rib is crooked and radially outside from connector, and the tangent line in knee intersects with outer with an angle.

4. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, rib also by wallboard central authorities along or contiguous connector extend, and be integral with connector.

5. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that insulating layer places pipeline, connector is divided into two thus, and structural connection connects together connector two parts by insulating layer.

6. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, comprises the reinforcement Zhou Bianliang of one.

7. wallboard as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, be used for groove that wallboard in use is vertically oriented and other in use the groove of non-perpendicular orientation relatively enlarged, and the groove that in use is vertically oriented comprises bracing piece.

8. be used to form as the non-concrete of the lightweight of any one the described wallboard in the claim 1 to 2 interval object, lightweight object at interval has two contrast surface and limits pipeline and a series of groove that forms on the part surface from pipe extension that at least one extends to another surface from a surface.

9. interval as claimed in claim 8 object is characterized in that, a plurality of pipelines are arranged, and groove extends between the pipeline end, also by these part central authorities along or adjacent conduit extend, and be integral with pipeline.

10. as the manufacture method of any one the described wallboard in the claim 1 to 2, comprise: the mould that provides substrate and side, with limit a plurality of space intervals pipeline and from the pipeline end extend to contiguous pipeline groove the non-concrete of lightweight at interval object place mould, be arranged on the layer of concrete of mould;

At interval object stirs and advances in the concrete, with promote any under the object of interval be involved in air from the space around or break away from by pipeline, arrive concrete surface layer, and force concrete to enter in pipeline and the groove;

Other concrete is inclined on the object of interval and on every side with fill mold;

The finishing concrete surface is to the texture that is fit to of wall; With

The wallboard sclerosis.

11. the manufacture method as any one the described wallboard in the claim 1 to 2 may further comprise the steps:

Substantially the space interval that is vertically oriented plate is provided;

Setting define the pipeline a plurality of spaces separated and the non-concrete of lightweight of the groove that extends to the adjacent conduit end from the pipeline end at interval object between the demarcation strip of space, and at interval object be fixed on every block of plate to inner surface to form a structure;

Perhaps the side of closing structure and base plate perhaps insert this structure in the mould that is vertically oriented to form form structure;

The bracing or strutting arrangement of one form structure is provided, is enough to support the fluid pressure that this structure opposing is caused by concrete during fill concrete;

By form structure top super plasticizing concrete is poured into form structure; With

The sclerosis wallboard.

12. the manufacture method as any one the described wallboard in the claim 1 to 2 comprises:

The mould that qualification is vertically oriented;

With the non-concrete of lightweight at interval object place mould, it defines the pipeline separated in a plurality of spaces and from the groove of pipeline end to another contiguous pipe extension;

Fixed intervals object in mould;

Super plasticizing concrete is poured in the mould by mould top; With

The sclerosis wallboard.

13., it is characterized in that a plurality of moulds are positioned to the combined type assembly that is installed on the pedestal as method as described in the claim 11.

14. as method as described in the claim 13, it is characterized in that, at first cover after wallboard builds, the parts of mold assemblies be systematically dismantle, move and re-assemble on second pedestal, to build the second cover wallboard, wherein the first cover wallboard is kept on contiguous of locating of first substrate.

15. method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, comprises adopting the step of object at interval, compares with the less pressure on mould top in forming process, intensity alternation in the substrate of mould is with the higher water pressure of opposing.