CN110842488B - Cam machining method - Google Patents
Cam machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110842488B CN110842488B CN201911192358.8A CN201911192358A CN110842488B CN 110842488 B CN110842488 B CN 110842488B CN 201911192358 A CN201911192358 A CN 201911192358A CN 110842488 B CN110842488 B CN 110842488B
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- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing a cam. The machining method of the cam adopts linear cutting to cut the outer contour of the cam from the blank, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) clamping a blank; 2) firstly, cutting out a part of the outer contour of the cam, and then fixing the part of the cam, on which the outer contour of the cam is cut, with the rim charge part on the periphery of the cam on the blank through a clamp; 3) the remaining part of the cam outer profile is cut out by wire cutting. By adopting the cam processing method, the cam can be prevented from falling off from a blank due to one-time processing in place, the fracture mark left at the final cutting position of the cam can be avoided, the dimensional accuracy of the processed peripheral surface of the cam can be improved, the flatness of the peripheral surface of the cam can be improved, and the continuity and consistency of the dimensional accuracy of the peripheral surface of the cam can be ensured; and in the cam machining process, only one-time clamping is adopted for the blank, so that the alignment error of repeated clamping can be reduced, and the dimensional tolerance precision and the form and position tolerance precision of cam machining are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a cam.
Background
The forming processing of the plane cam mainly comprises methods such as milling, grinding and the like, heat treatment is needed after the outer contour of the cam is milled to improve the hardness of the cam surface, the cam is inevitably deformed by the heat treatment, and the cam is generally corrected by a grinding method.
In the prior art, the peripheral surface of the cam can be processed by adopting a linear cutting method so as to improve the high-precision requirement of the contour dimension of the peripheral surface of the cam and meet the requirement of aerospace components on the processing precision of the cam. In the process of processing the contour of the outer peripheral surface of the cam by adopting linear cutting, when the contour line of the outer peripheral surface of the cam is cut to be closed, the cam can fall off from a blank, and after the cam falls off, a fracture mark can be left on the outer peripheral surface of the cam, the fracture mark can cause the dimension error of the outer peripheral surface of the cam, the flatness of the outer peripheral surface of the cam is reduced, and the continuity and consistency of the dimension precision on the outer peripheral surface of the cam are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cam processing method, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the flatness of the outer peripheral surface of a cam is reduced in the process of processing the outer peripheral surface of the cam by linear cutting, and the continuity and consistency of the dimensional accuracy of the outer peripheral surface of the cam are influenced.
The cam processing method adopts the following technical scheme: the machining method of the cam adopts linear cutting to cut the outer contour of the cam from the blank, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) clamping a blank; 2) firstly, cutting out a part of the outer contour of the cam, and then fixing the part of the cam, on which the outer contour of the cam is cut, with the rim charge part on the periphery of the cam on the blank through a clamp; 3) the remaining part of the cam outer profile is cut out by wire cutting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the cam processing method, the cam can be prevented from falling off from a blank due to one-time processing in place, the fracture mark left at the final cutting position of the cam can be avoided, the dimensional accuracy of the processed peripheral surface of the cam can be improved, the flatness of the peripheral surface of the cam can be improved, and the continuity and consistency of the dimensional accuracy of the peripheral surface of the cam can be ensured; and in the cam machining process, only one-time clamping is adopted for the blank, so that the alignment error of repeated clamping can be reduced, and the dimensional tolerance precision and the form and position tolerance precision of cam machining are ensured.
Furthermore, a process clamping hole is pre-processed on the blank, and the part of the cut cam outer contour and the rim charge part are clamped and fixed through the clamp in the process clamping hole mounting step 2). The clamp penetrates through the process clamping hole, the clamping and fixing method of the part with the cut cam outer contour and the rim charge part is convenient for fixing the position of the clamp, and the influence of the loosening of the clamp on the cutting of the rest part of the cam outer contour can be avoided.
Furthermore, the clamp comprises two pressing plates and a fastening bolt for penetrating through the process clamping hole, and a through hole for the fastening bolt to penetrate through is formed in each pressing plate. The clamp is simple in structure and convenient to operate.
Furthermore, the pressing plate is a strip-shaped plate, one end of the pressing plate extends to the axial end face of the part of the cam, on which the outer contour of the cam is cut, and the cam is clamped, and the other end of the pressing plate is fixed on the rim charge part through a fastening bolt. The clamping mode is convenient to operate.
Further, the through hole is a long waist hole. The arrangement of the long waist hole on the pressing plate is convenient for the pressing plate penetrated with the fastening bolt to move on the end surface of the blank, so that the clamp can adapt to process clamping holes arranged at different positions.
Further, in step 1), a vice is used for clamping the outer peripheral surface of the blank to clamp the blank. The adoption of the vice facilitates the clamping of the peripheral surface of the blank, and the clamping method can reduce the alignment error of repeatedly clamping the blank and improve the clamping precision.
Further, before clamping the blank, roughly turning the outer peripheral surface of the blank. Roughly turning the peripheral surface of the blank so as to align the circle center after the blank is clamped.
Further, the outer contour of the cam comprises a first part and a second part, the minimum value of the distance between the first part and the cam rotation axis is not less than the maximum value of the distance between the second part and the cam rotation axis, in the step 2), the first part is cut, and in the step 3), the second part is cut. The cutting mode is convenient for fixing the part of the outer contour of the cam which is cut out and the rim charge part through a clamp.
Further, wire-cut wire-through holes are prefabricated in the blank. The wire penetrating holes are convenient for the penetration of the electrode wires, and the arrangement of the wire penetrating holes is convenient for the processing of the outer contour surface of the initial position of the cam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cam machined in embodiment 1 of the method for machining a cam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a blank for forming a wire-cut threading hole and a process-clamping hole in embodiment 1 of the method for forming a cam according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blank after a part of the outer contour of the cam is cut in embodiment 1 of the method for processing the cam of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a state where a blank is held and fixed by a jig in embodiment 1 of the method of processing a cam according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vise holding a blank in embodiment 1 of the method of processing a cam of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another perspective of the vise clamping the blank in embodiment 1 of the method of machining the cam of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-blank, 2-wire cutting threading hole, 3-process clamping hole, 4-pressing plate, 5-long waist hole, 6-fastening bolt, 7-first part, 8-second part and 9-vice.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Specific example 1 of the method for processing a cam of the present invention:
the processing method of the cam comprises the following process routes: blanking, heat treatment, rough turning, numerical control milling, cleaning, heat treatment, cold treatment, heat treatment, cleaning and linear cutting.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, during blanking, the radial minimum dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the selected blank 1 needs to be larger than the radial maximum dimension of the cam to meet the clamping requirement and the linear cutting process requirement of the subsequent blank 1, the blank 1 is subjected to heat treatment to remove the internal stress of the blank 1, so that the subsequent processing is facilitated, and the outer peripheral surface of the blank subjected to heat treatment is roughly turned to facilitate the subsequent clamping and center alignment during the numerical control milling and linear cutting of the blank 1.
Placing the blank 1 with the processed outer peripheral surface on a numerical control milling machine, processing a wire cutting threading hole 2 and a process clamping hole 3 on the blank 1 according to the requirement of a cam drawing, cleaning burrs on the surface of the blank as shown in figure 2, and performing heat treatment, cold treatment and heat treatment on the blank 1 to enable the hardness of the blank 1 to meet the design requirement of the cam drawing.
And (3) after the blank 1 is cleaned, clamping the blank 1, and finally cutting the blank by adopting a slow wire-moving processing mode.
Specifically, on the slow-wire-feeding cutting machine, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a vice 9 is used to clamp the outer peripheral surface of the blank, the outer circle and the upper end surface of the blank are aligned, the molybdenum wire is threaded through the wire-cutting wire-feeding hole 2, the cam profile is processed according to a cam profile processing program led into the slow-wire-feeding cutting machine, an interruption program is arranged in the cam profile processing program, so that a part of the cam profile is cut firstly in the process of processing the cam profile, as shown in fig. 3, and then the processing of the cam profile is interrupted.
And after the machining of the outer contour of the cam is interrupted, clamping and fixing the part of which the outer contour of the cam is cut and the rim charge part on the periphery of the cam on the blank by using a clamp. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the fixture includes two pressing plates 4 and a fastening bolt 6 for passing through a process clamping hole 3 on the blank 1, through holes for passing through the fastening bolt 6 are formed in both the two pressing plates 4, and both the two pressing plates 4 are strip-shaped plates, when the fixture is clamped and fixed, the two pressing plates 4 are respectively attached to two axial end faces of the blank 1, and one end of each pressing plate 4 is in contact with an axial end face of a part of the outer contour of the cam which has been cut, and the other end of each pressing plate is in contact with an axial end face of the rim charge part, specifically, under the condition that the positions of both ends of each pressing plate 4 are ensured, the fastening bolt 6 passes through the through holes on the two pressing plates 4 and the process clamping hole 3 on the blank 1 and is locked, so that the part of the outer contour of the cam.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the through hole on the pressing plate 4 is a long waist hole 5, and the waist length of the long waist hole 5 extends along the length direction of the pressing plate 4, so as to facilitate the movement of the pressing plate 4, which is penetrated with the fastening bolt 6, on the end surface of the blank, and ensure that both ends of each pressing plate 4 can be respectively contacted with the end surface of the part, in which the outer contour of the cam has been cut, and the end surface of the rim charge part, so that the clamp can adapt to the process clamping holes 3 arranged at different positions.
And after the part of the cam outer contour which is already cut out is fixed with the rim charge part by the clamp, starting a cam outer contour machining program, and cutting the rest part of the cam outer contour by wire cutting until the whole cam outer contour is machined.
In this embodiment, the outer contour of the cam includes a first portion 7 and a second portion 8, as shown in fig. 1, the minimum distance between the first portion 7 and the cam rotation axis is not less than the maximum distance between the second portion 8 and the cam rotation axis, in the above-mentioned wire cutting process, before the program is interrupted, the first portion 7 is cut out first, then the second portion 8 is cut out after the portion where the outer contour of the cam has been cut out is fixed relatively to the rim charge portion, and this sequence of cutting positions and cutting mode is convenient for increasing the contact area between the pressing plate 4 and the portion where the outer contour of the cam has been cut out, so that the pressing plate 4 can clamp and fix the portion where the outer contour of the cam has been cut out and the rim charge portion.
By the cam processing method, the processing of the outer contour surface of the cam is divided into two steps, in the two processing steps, the part of the outer contour of the cam which is already cut out and the rim charge part are clamped and fixed by the clamp, so that the cam can be prevented from falling off from the blank 1 after the cam is processed in place for one time, the fracture mark left at the final cutting position of the outer contour of the cam can be avoided, the size precision of the outer peripheral surface of the processed cam can be improved, the flatness of the outer peripheral surface of the cam can be improved, and the continuity and the consistency of the size precision of the outer peripheral surface of the cam; in addition, in the machining process of the cam, the blank 1 is clamped once through the vice 9, so that the alignment error of repeated clamping can be reduced, and the dimensional tolerance precision and the form and position tolerance precision of cam machining are ensured.
it differs from example 1 in that: in the process of carrying out numerical control milling on the blank, a process clamping hole can not be processed, in the process of clamping and fixing the part with the cut cam outer contour and the rim charge part by using a clamp, two pressing plates are respectively attached to two axial end faces of the blank, each pressing plate is in contact with the part with the cut cam outer contour and the rim charge part, a fastening bolt is positioned outside the blank and penetrates through holes in the two pressing plates and is locked, an equal-thickness body equal to the thickness of the blank is clamped on the side, far away from the batching, between the two pressing plates, of the pressing plates, the part with the cut cam outer contour and the end part of the rim charge part are prevented from tilting, and therefore the part with the cut cam outer contour and the rim charge part are fixed relatively.
Embodiment 3 of the method for processing a cam of the present invention:
it differs from example 2 in that: in order to avoid relative movement between the cam and the rim charge part in the process of wire-cutting the rest part of the outer contour of the cam, a plurality of clamps for clamping and fixing the part of the outer contour of the cam which is already cut and the rim charge part can be arranged.
it differs from example 2 in that: the clamp comprises two pressing plates and two fastening bolts, the pressing plates are strip-shaped plates, long waist holes extending along the length directions of the pressing plates are formed in the pressing plates, the clamping and fixing process of the part with the cut cam outline and the rim charge part is achieved by using the clamp, the two pressing plates are respectively attached to two axial end faces of a blank, each pressing plate is in contact with the part with the cut cam outline and the rim charge part, the two fastening bolts are located on the outer side of the blank and penetrate through holes in the two pressing plates and are locked, the two fastening bolts are respectively located at two ends of the long waist holes in the pressing plates, and the part with the cut cam outline and the rim charge part are clamped and fixed through the middle parts of the two pressing plates. The clamping mode is convenient and simple to operate, and can avoid machining process clamping holes on the blank.
it differs from example 1 in that: the through-hole on the clamp plate is the circular port, and the clamp plate is rectangle, and the length of clamp plate satisfies when the clamp plate that has worn fastening bolt contacts with the terminal surface of the part that has cut out the cam outline, still contacts with the terminal surface of rim charge part, ensures that anchor clamps are fixed to the clamp dress that has cut out the part of cam outline and rim charge part, and this kind of clamp plate that is equipped with circular port structure is convenient for process moreover.
it differs from example 1 in that: the clamp can also comprise a pressing plate, a screw rod welded with a flat plate and a nut matched with the screw rod, wherein the pressing plate is provided with a through hole which is a round hole or a long waist hole, the screw rod penetrates through the technical clamping hole and the through hole on the pressing plate and is in locking fit with the nut when in use, and the flat plates on the pressing plate and the bolt are in contact with the end surface of the part which is cut out of the outer contour of the cam and the end surface of the rim charge part at the same time so as to realize the relative fixation of the part which is cut out of the outer contour of the cam and the rim charge part.
it differs from example 1 in that: the upper end face and the lower end face of the blank are clamped and fixed in the radial direction of the blank by the supporting clamps at the two ends, and then the center of the blank is aligned.
it differs from example 1 in that: when the size precision of the outer peripheral surface of the selected blank meets the clamping requirement of the vice, the outer peripheral surface of the blank can not be processed before the blank is clamped.
it differs from example 1 in that: the blank does not need to be provided with a wire-passing hole, when the blank is subjected to linear cutting processing, the cutting can be directly fed from the outer periphery of the blank to the center direction of the blank, and when the first part corresponding to the outer contour of the cam is cut, the outer contour of the cam starts to be cut along the circumferential direction.
Embodiment 10 of the method for processing a cam of the present invention:
it differs from example 1 in that: in the process of cutting the cam outer contour line, the second part can be cut out firstly before the program is interrupted, then the first part is cut out after the part of the cam outer contour is cut out and the rim charge part are relatively fixed, and the cutting position sequence and the cutting mode can also realize the clamping and fixing of the part of the cam outer contour and the rim charge part through a clamp in the process of program interruption.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. The machining method of the cam is characterized in that the outer contour of the cam is cut out of a blank by linear cutting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) clamping a blank;
2) firstly, a part of the outer contour of the cam is cut out, then the part of the cam on which the outer contour of the cam is cut out is fixed with the rim charge part on the periphery of the cam on the blank through a clamp, the blank is preprocessed with a process clamping hole which is positioned on the rim charge part, the clamp is installed through a process clamping hole and comprises two pressing plates and a fastening bolt which is used for penetrating through the process clamping hole, the pressing plates are provided with through holes for the fastening bolt to penetrate through, the two pressing plates are respectively attached to two axial end surfaces of a blank, the pressing plate is a strip-shaped plate, one end of the pressing plate extends to the axial end face of the part of the cam, the outer contour of which is cut out, of the cam and is in contact with the axial end face of the part of the cam, the outer contour of which is cut out, of the cam, so that the cam is clamped, and the other end of the pressing plate is fixed on the rim charge part through a fastening bolt and is in contact with the axial end face of the rim charge part;
3) the remaining part of the cam outer profile is cut out by wire cutting.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the through hole is a long kidney hole.
3. The method for processing the cam according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), a vice is used to clamp the outer peripheral surface of the blank to clamp the blank.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the material is roughly turned before the material is clamped.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer profile of the cam comprises a first portion and a second portion, the minimum value of the distance between the first portion and the cam rotation axis is not less than the maximum value of the distance between the second portion and the cam rotation axis, the first portion is cut in step 2), and the second portion is cut in step 3).
6. A method of forming a cam according to claim 1, wherein the blank is preformed with a wire-cut feed-through hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911192358.8A CN110842488B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Cam machining method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911192358.8A CN110842488B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Cam machining method |
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| CN110842488A CN110842488A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
| CN110842488B true CN110842488B (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1193858C (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2005-03-23 | 徐成金 | Sectional cutting process for circular workpieces |
| CN104551533B (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Numerical control machining method for composite-material main blade tailing edge |
| CN106180835A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-07 | 深圳市欣天科技股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method of Complex Different Shape axle |
| CN209598360U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-11-08 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of wire cutting circular arc class part replacer |
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