CN110842396A - Wear-resistant welding wire coating and preparation method of welding wire - Google Patents
Wear-resistant welding wire coating and preparation method of welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN110842396A CN110842396A CN201911210198.5A CN201911210198A CN110842396A CN 110842396 A CN110842396 A CN 110842396A CN 201911210198 A CN201911210198 A CN 201911210198A CN 110842396 A CN110842396 A CN 110842396A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
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- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-wear welding wire coating and a preparation method of a welding wire, wherein alumina powder, nickel oxide, calcium carbonate, polytetrafluoroethylene, n-hexane, potassium chlorate, magnesium powder, graphite powder, boron nitride and acrylic resin are used as main raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an abrasion-resistant welding wire coating and a preparation method of a welding wire, and belongs to the field of preparation and protection of welding wire material coatings.
Background
The copper-free welding wire is a current development trend to replace a copper-plated welding wire, and the copper-free welding wire is increasingly applied to the market in recent years, so that a larger development space is met. However, copper-plated welding wires cause a series of environmental problems in production and use. In the production process, electroplating or chemical plating and other processes are adopted, the use of chemicals such as strong acid, strong alkali, copper sulfate and the like can lead to the existence of a large amount of waste gas such as acid mist, alkali mist and the like in the production environment, and the generated waste water contains a large amount of heavy metals; the wear of the contact tip is the most troublesome problem for restricting the application of the welding wire without the special coating of copper plating, and under the automatic welding condition, the wear of the contact tip not only influences the cost advantage of the welding wire without the copper plating, but also seriously reduces the working efficiency of the welding robot. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a copper-free welding wire to replace the copper-plated welding wire, reduce the wear of the contact tip and improve the efficiency of industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant welding wire coating and a preparation method of a welding wire, wherein the material prepared by the method under the optimized condition has excellent wear resistance.
A method for preparing a wear-resistant welding wire coating and a welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sequentially weighing 10 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, adding the weighed materials into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by using magnetic force;
2, transferring the materials in the beaker into a horizontal colloid mill, circularly grinding for 2h, discharging, transferring the obtained materials into a vacuum drying oven at 75 ℃, drying for 3h, sieving, and collecting 120-mesh mixed powder;
step 3, putting the mixed powder into a mixer, adding 3 parts of potassium chlorate and 5 parts of magnesium powder, starting a mixer stirrer, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 20min, and discharging;
step 4, adding the materials into a mold, controlling the filling height to be 50% of the mold, then inserting a magnesium strip into the surface of the materials, introducing compressed air into the prefabricated mold at the speed of 3ml/min, and igniting the magnesium strip;
step 5, after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling the mixture to 80 ℃, demolding the mixture while the mixture is hot, soaking the obtained foam material in ice water for 2 hours, taking out the foam material, and washing the foam material with deionized water until no slag exists in washing liquid;
and 6, transferring the foaming material into a 105 ℃ oven, drying to constant weight, transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing hydrogen into the muffle furnace at the rate of 1ml/min, gradually heating to 600 ℃ at the rate of 50 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1h, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace in a hydrogen protection state, discharging, and grinding to obtain the nickel-aluminum-based nano powder.
Step 7, adding 12 parts of nickel-aluminum-based nano powder into 52 parts of acrylic resin, 3 parts of boron nitride, 5 parts of graphite powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent KH-560 and 3 parts of defoaming agent simethicone, and mechanically stirring for 30min to uniformly mix various substances to obtain a mixed colloid;
step 8, uniformly mixing 3 parts of polyamide 650 and 6 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into the mixed colloid, and performing ball milling for 1 hour by using a planetary ball mill to obtain a ball-milling slurry coating;
step 9, pouring the ball-milled slurry coating into a spray can, connecting the spray can with an air compressor, spraying the ball-milled slurry coating to the surface of the copper-free welding wire polished at 120 ℃ by spraying compressed air, and rapidly volatilizing absolute ethyl alcohol at high temperature;
and step 10, heating and sintering the obtained coating type welding wire in vacuum at 400 ℃ and under the pressure of 40MPa for 2h to obtain the copper-free welding wire with the wear-resistant coating, and then carrying out corresponding performance tests.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides an abrasion-resistant welding wire coating and a preparation method of the welding wire, wherein nickel-aluminum-based nano abrasion-resistant powder is selected and sprayed and then sintered at high pressure to obtain a copper-free welding wire, a spraying and chemical compounding process is used for filling a lubricating phase into pores of an abrasion-resistant hard material, the lubricating phase is continuously separated out under the action of a load in the abrasion process, a due gap between a kinematic pair is ensured, the occurrence of adverse phenomena such as eccentric seizure and the like is prevented, and the antifriction effect of the lubricating phase is very obvious due to the coupling effect of the nickel-aluminum-based nano powder and a lubricant. The raw materials are pretreated and activated by phosphoric acid, so that the high-strength anti-oxidation welding wire has a stronger binding force and a compact structure, and is favorable for forming an anti-oxidation film to prevent deep corrosion of the welding wire. The antifriction and wear-resistant material prepared on the surface of the welding wire matrix and formed by coupling and sintering the metal porous skeleton powder and the polymer can fully play the synergistic action of the hard powder and the lubricating auxiliary materials, so that the coating is combined with the welding wire matrix in high strength, and a compact antirust coating is generated and has the characteristic of resisting welding wear, and the soft graphite and the boron nitride can play a good lubricating effect only under the support of the antifriction and wear-resistant powder, and a proper antifriction and wear-resistant coating is matched.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1. A method for preparing a wear-resistant welding wire coating and a welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sequentially weighing 10 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, adding the weighed materials into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by using magnetic force;
2, transferring the materials in the beaker into a horizontal colloid mill, circularly grinding for 2h, discharging, transferring the obtained materials into a vacuum drying oven at 75 ℃, drying for 3h, sieving, and collecting 120-mesh mixed powder;
step 3, putting the mixed powder into a mixer, adding 3 parts of potassium chlorate and 5 parts of magnesium powder, starting a mixer stirrer, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 20min, and discharging;
step 4, adding the materials into a mold, controlling the filling height to be 50% of the mold, then inserting a magnesium strip into the surface of the materials, introducing compressed air into the prefabricated mold at the speed of 3ml/min, and igniting the magnesium strip;
step 5, after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling the mixture to 80 ℃, demolding the mixture while the mixture is hot, soaking the obtained foam material in ice water for 2 hours, taking out the foam material, and washing the foam material with deionized water until no slag exists in washing liquid;
and 6, transferring the foaming material into a 105 ℃ oven, drying to constant weight, transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing hydrogen into the muffle furnace at the rate of 1ml/min, gradually heating to 600 ℃ at the rate of 50 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1h, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace in a hydrogen protection state, discharging, and grinding to obtain the nickel-aluminum-based nano powder.
Step 7, adding 12 parts of nickel-aluminum-based nano powder into 52 parts of acrylic resin, 3 parts of boron nitride, 5 parts of graphite powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent KH-560 and 3 parts of defoaming agent simethicone, and mechanically stirring for 30min to uniformly mix various substances to obtain a mixed colloid;
step 8, uniformly mixing 3 parts of polyamide 650 and 6 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into the mixed colloid, and performing ball milling for 1 hour by using a planetary ball mill to obtain a ball-milling slurry coating;
step 9, pouring the ball-milled slurry coating into a spray can, connecting the spray can with an air compressor, spraying the ball-milled slurry coating to the surface of the copper-free welding wire polished at 120 ℃ by spraying compressed air, and rapidly volatilizing absolute ethyl alcohol at high temperature;
and step 10, heating and sintering the obtained coating type welding wire in vacuum at 400 ℃ and under the pressure of 40MPa for 2h to obtain the copper-free welding wire with the wear-resistant coating, and then carrying out corresponding performance tests.
Example 2
Step 1, sequentially weighing 8 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, adding the weighed materials into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by using magnetic force; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
Step 1, weighing 6 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene in sequence, adding the weighed materials into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by using magnetic force; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 4
Step 1, sequentially weighing 4 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, adding into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by magnetic force; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 5
Step 1, sequentially weighing 2 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, adding the weighed materials into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by using magnetic force; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: in the coating welding wire preparation step 1, 5 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene are adopted, and the rest steps are completely the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: in the coating welding wire preparation step 1, 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene are adopted, and the rest steps are completely the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: in the coating welding wire preparation step 1, 8 parts of calcium carbonate and 2 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene are adopted, and the rest steps are completely the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: the coated wire was prepared in step 7 using an equal amount of boron nitride as the soft phase, and the remaining steps were identical to those of example 1.
Comparative example 5
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: in the coated wire preparation step 7, the same amount of graphite powder was used as the soft phase, and the rest of the procedure was exactly the same as in example 1.
Welding tests and atmosphere exposure corrosion tests are carried out on the welding wire materials prepared in the examples and the comparative examples, and the quality loss rate and the wear rate of the contact tube are obtained by continuously welding for 3 hours; wherein the atmospheric temperature is 20 +/-5 ℃, the time is 30 days, and the specific performance test results of the air relative humidity of 70 +/-10 percent are shown in the table
The experimental result shows that the prepared wear-resistant welding wire coating and the welding wire have excellent rust resistance and wear resistance, the effect is better when the wear rate is lower when a test condition is determined, and the effect is worse when the wear rate is lower; when the mass ratio of the alumina powder to the nickel oxide is 1: 3, other ingredients are fixed, the preparation effect is best, and the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the dosage and the proportion of the main raw materials, namely the alumina powder and the nickel oxide, are respectively changed from the embodiment 2 to the embodiment 10, and although the wear rate of the materials is improved to a certain extent, the effect is not better than that of the embodiment 1; the other steps of the comparison example are completely the same, so that the wear rate is obviously improved, and the wear-resisting matching effect of the aluminum oxide and the nickel oxide is better; the mass ratio of calcium carbonate to polytetrafluoroethylene is changed from comparative example 1 to comparative example 3, the effect is still poor, and the ratio of the calcium carbonate to the polytetrafluoroethylene influences the performance of the main material; the soft lubricating phase in the comparative examples 4 to 5 adopts single boron nitride and graphite powder as antifriction ingredients, so that the synergistic effect of the two after compounding is not as good; therefore, the wear-resistant welding wire coating and the welding wire prepared by the invention have excellent wear-resistant effect.
Claims (2)
1. A wear-resistant welding wire coating and a preparation method of a welding wire are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing alumina powder, nickel oxide, calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene in sequence, adding the weighed alumina powder, nickel oxide, calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene into a beaker filled with 20 parts of n-hexane, and stirring and mixing for 10min by magnetic force;
2, transferring the materials in the beaker into a horizontal colloid mill, circularly grinding for 2h, discharging, transferring the obtained materials into a vacuum drying oven at 75 ℃, drying for 3h, sieving, and collecting 120-mesh mixed powder;
step 3, putting the mixed powder into a mixer, adding 3 parts of potassium chlorate and 5 parts of magnesium powder, starting a mixer stirrer, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 20min, and discharging;
step 4, adding the materials into a mold, controlling the filling height to be 50% of the mold, then inserting a magnesium strip into the surface of the materials, introducing compressed air into the prefabricated mold at the speed of 3ml/min, and igniting the magnesium strip;
step 5, after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling the mixture to 80 ℃, demolding the mixture while the mixture is hot, soaking the obtained foam material in ice water for 2 hours, taking out the foam material, and washing the foam material with deionized water until no slag exists in washing liquid;
step 6, transferring the foaming material into a 105 ℃ oven, drying to constant weight, transferring into a muffle furnace, introducing hydrogen into the muffle furnace at the speed of 1ml/min, gradually heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1h, stopping heating, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace in a hydrogen protection state, discharging and grinding to obtain the nickel-aluminum-based nano powder;
step 7, adding 12 parts of nickel-aluminum-based nano powder into 52 parts of acrylic resin, 3 parts of boron nitride, 5 parts of graphite powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent KH-560 and 3 parts of defoaming agent simethicone, and mechanically stirring for 30min to uniformly mix various substances to obtain a mixed colloid;
step 8, uniformly mixing 3 parts of polyamide 650 and 6 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into the mixed colloid, and performing ball milling for 1 hour by using a planetary ball mill to obtain a ball-milling slurry coating;
step 9, pouring the ball-milled slurry coating into a spray can, connecting the spray can with an air compressor, spraying the ball-milled slurry coating to the surface of the copper-free welding wire polished at 120 ℃ by spraying compressed air, and rapidly volatilizing absolute ethyl alcohol at high temperature;
and step 10, heating and sintering the obtained coating type welding wire in vacuum at 400 ℃ and under the pressure of 40MPa for 2h to obtain the copper-free welding wire with the wear-resistant coating, and then carrying out corresponding performance tests.
2. The wear-resistant welding wire coating and the preparation method of the welding wire as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant welding wire coating comprises the following steps: step 1, weighing 10 parts of alumina powder, 30 parts of nickel oxide, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene.
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