CN110840453A - Circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals and anti-interference method - Google Patents
Circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals and anti-interference method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110840453A CN110840453A CN201911331667.9A CN201911331667A CN110840453A CN 110840453 A CN110840453 A CN 110840453A CN 201911331667 A CN201911331667 A CN 201911331667A CN 110840453 A CN110840453 A CN 110840453A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a computer for collecting electroencephalogram signals and an anti-interference method, wherein a circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals comprises a module for collecting electroencephalogram signals, a power supply isolation circuit, a digital isolation circuit, a power supply circuit and a main controller, wherein the module for collecting electroencephalogram signals is respectively connected with one end of the power supply isolation circuit and one end of the digital isolation circuit, the other end of the power supply isolation circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the other end of the digital isolation circuit is connected with the main controller; the power supply isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the power supply circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; the digital isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the module for collecting the electroencephalogram signals. The electroencephalogram acquisition device adopts three acquisition electrodes, a filter circuit, a power supply isolation circuit and a digital isolation circuit, realizes acquisition and anti-interference of electroencephalogram signals, and improves accuracy of electroencephalogram signal acquisition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electroencephalogram signal acquisition, in particular to an electroencephalogram signal acquisition circuit and an anti-interference method.
Background
An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a potential activity generated by brain nerves, contains rich brain activity information, and is a main signal source for anesthesia depth monitoring research. However, because the electroencephalogram (EEG) is very weak and is in the microvolt (uV) level, the EEG is easily interfered by the external environment, and if the interfered signals are not processed, the EEG can greatly affect the measurement of parameters related to the anesthesia depth. Among these interference sources are the circuit interference noise introduced by the high-frequency electric knife and the anesthesia depth monitoring equipment circuit. When the high-frequency electrotome acts on the body of a patient, an interference signal with very high amplitude and very high frequency can be loaded on the electroencephalogram electrode sheet and enters the acquisition module through a path conducted by the electroencephalogram signal, the interference reduction capability of a processing measure on hardware is limited at the moment, a large amount of high-energy and high-density interference signals are acquired and enter the acquisition module to be superposed and synthesized with the electroencephalogram waveform, and the whole electroencephalogram signal is submerged.
If the interference signal is not processed correspondingly, the weak electroencephalogram (EEG) is submerged, so that the electroencephalogram (EEG) cannot be collected, and in addition, the impedance is increased when the electroencephalogram electrode is in poor contact with the electroencephalogram electrode and is shaken and pulled during collection, so that the sampling effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a computer for collecting electroencephalogram signals and an anti-interference method. The accuracy of electroencephalogram signal acquisition is improved.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
an anti-interference method for collecting EEG signals is characterized in that a power isolation circuit is arranged between an EEG signal collection module and a power supply and is used for isolating interference of the power isolation circuit on the EEG signal collection module; and a digital isolation circuit is arranged between the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module and the main controller and is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
The invention is further configured to: and metal shielding shells are arranged outside the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module, the power supply isolation circuit and the digital isolation circuit and are used for isolating the interference of external electromagnetic signals on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
The invention is further configured to: and a cable with a shielding function is used as a collecting electrode of the electroencephalogram signal collecting module.
The above object of the present invention is also achieved by the following technical solutions:
a circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals comprises an electroencephalogram signal collecting module, a power supply isolating circuit, a digital isolating circuit, a power supply circuit and a main controller, wherein the electroencephalogram signal collecting module is respectively connected with one end of the power supply isolating circuit and one end of the digital isolating circuit, the other end of the power supply isolating circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the other end of the digital isolating circuit is connected with the main controller; the power supply isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the power supply circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; the digital isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the module for collecting the electroencephalogram signals.
The invention is further configured to: the power isolation circuit comprises a power isolation chip, an input filter circuit and an output filter circuit, wherein the input of the input filter circuit is connected with the power circuit, the output of the input filter circuit is connected with the input of the power isolation chip, the output of the power isolation chip is connected with the output filter circuit, and the output of the output filter circuit is used for providing electric energy for the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
The invention is further configured to: the digital isolation circuit comprises a digital isolation chip.
The invention is further configured to: the digital isolation circuit comprises a bidirectional optical coupling isolation circuit and is used for communication isolation of the main controller and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
The invention is further configured to: the brain electrical signal acquisition module comprises a filter circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and brain electrical signals acquired by the acquisition electrodes are filtered by the filter circuit, input to the analog-to-digital conversion module, converted into brain digital signals and transmitted to the main controller through the digital isolation circuit.
The invention is further configured to: the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module comprises three acquisition electrodes, and each acquisition electrode is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module through a filter circuit.
The invention is further configured to: the filter circuit comprises a second-order passive RC filter circuit for realizing low-pass filtering; the analog-to-digital conversion module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion IC.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. according to the electroencephalogram signal acquisition circuit, the power isolation circuit and the digital isolation circuit are arranged in the electroencephalogram signal acquisition circuit, so that the interference of electroencephalogram signal acquisition from a power end and a signal end is isolated, and the accuracy of electroencephalogram signal acquisition is improved;
2. furthermore, the three collecting electrodes are adopted, one of the collecting electrodes is used as a reference electrode to judge whether the collecting electrode is in good contact with the skin, and errors in the collecting process are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power isolation circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a digital isolation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a filter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention relates to a circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals, which comprises an electroencephalogram signal collecting module, a power supply isolating circuit, a digital isolating circuit, a power supply circuit and a main controller, wherein the electroencephalogram signal collecting module is respectively connected with one end of the power supply isolating circuit and one end of the digital isolating circuit, the other end of the power supply isolating circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, and the other end of the digital isolating circuit is connected with the main controller; the power supply isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the power supply circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; the digital isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the module for collecting the electroencephalogram signals.
The power isolation circuit, as shown in fig. 2, includes a power isolation chip, an input filter circuit, and an output filter circuit, where the input filter circuit includes a filter capacitor Cin, the input of the input filter circuit is connected to the power circuit, the output of the input filter circuit is connected to the input of the power isolation chip, the output of the power isolation chip is connected to the output filter circuit, and the output filter circuit includes a filter capacitor Cout, and the output of the output filter circuit is used for providing electric energy to the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
In particular, such asAs shown in fig. 3, the power isolation chip U1 and the input filter circuit include filter capacitors C1 and C2, a filter inductor L1, a filter capacitor and a filter capacitor
A type filter circuit; the ground of the input terminal is GND. The output filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor C3, a resistor R3 is a load, and the ground of the output end is DGND.
The power isolation chip adopts an H0505S-1WR2 chip.
The digital isolation circuit comprises a digital isolation chip and is used for communication isolation of the main controller and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
As shown in fig. 4, the digital isolation circuit includes a bidirectional optical coupler isolation circuit U2, which includes two different power terminals Vcc1, Vcc2 and corresponding different ground terminals GND, DGND. Two different signal inputs TXin and RXin and corresponding signal output ends TXout and RXout are respectively connected with filtering capacitors C4 and C5 at power supply ends for filtering the power supply.
Specifically, the digital isolation chip adopts an ISO7721DWV chip.
The electroencephalogram signal acquisition module, as shown in fig. 5, includes a filter circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion module, wherein electroencephalogram signals acquired by the three acquisition electrodes are respectively filtered by the filter circuit, input to the analog-to-digital conversion module, converted into digital brain signals, and transmitted to the main controller through the digital isolation circuit.
The three collecting electrodes are respectively: an electroencephalogram signal positive electrode collecting electrode, an electroencephalogram signal negative electrode collecting electrode and an electroencephalogram signal reference collecting electrode. Each collecting electrode is connected with a low-pass filter circuit respectively and used for carrying out low-pass filtering on the electroencephalogram signals collected by each collecting electrode and outputting the electroencephalogram signals to the analog-to-digital conversion module.
The three low-pass filter circuits have the same structure and all adopt passive RC filter circuits.
As shown in fig. 6, the electroencephalogram signal from the collecting electrode C passes through the D3 discharge tube to remove static electricity, and then is first-order filtered by the first-order RC filter circuit composed of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C5, and then is second-order filtered by the second-order RC filter circuit composed of the resistor R6 and the capacitor C6.
By adopting a frequency response function calculation method, the 3dB cut-off frequency of the second-order low-pass filter circuit can be calculated to be 96.2Hz, and the frequency range of the electroencephalogram signal is 0.5 Hz-100 Hz, so that the low-pass filter circuit can completely cover the range of the electroencephalogram signal, high-frequency interference components are prevented, and the pure electroencephalogram signal is obtained.
The output end of the second-order filter circuit is also provided with a limiting circuit which is formed by connecting two diodes in series in the same direction, the cathode of the series combination is connected with a power supply end, the anode of the series combination is connected with a power ground, and the limiting circuit limits the voltage amplitude of the electroencephalogram signal after filtering to be within the range of the voltage amplitude of the electroencephalogram signal after filtering by utilizing the one-way conduction characteristic of the diodes
Within the range, because the amplitude range of the electroencephalogram (EEG) is 5 uV-200 uV, generally only about 50uV, the interference of voltage signals is prevented.
The analog-to-digital conversion module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion IC.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit employs an analog-to-digital conversion chip ADS 1299. ADS1299 is an analog front-end integrated chip special for electroencephalogram (EEG), and at most 8 low-noise programmable gain amplifiers (PGA, with adjustable amplification factor of 1-24) and 8 high-resolution synchronous sampling analog-to-digital converters (ADC); the common mode rejection ratio is-110 dB; 250 Samples Per Second (SPS) to 16 thousand samples per second (kssp); low power consumption, 5mW per channel, high DC input impedance up to 1000 MOmega; a built-in bias driver amplifier and a continuous power-down detection function. The resolution of analog-to-digital conversion is as high as 24 bits.
In this embodiment, an internal 4.5V reference voltage of ADS1299 is specifically set, and the internal gain is set to 12 times, then the signal resolution is:
VLSB=
=0.0447uV；
completely meets the signal acquisition requirement of the electroencephalogram signals. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal does not need to be amplified by a preceding stage, and is directly subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the ADS1299 chip after being directly subjected to a preceding stage low-pass filter circuit.
And a frequency limiting capacitor C8 is connected between the VREFP end of the reference voltage ADS1299 and the AVSS ground end, so that the interference of the input noise of the reference voltage end on the acquisition system is eliminated.
A capacitor C11 is connected between the VCAP1 end and the AVSS ground end, the VREFN end is connected with the AVSS ground end, and the reference voltage VREFP end of the ADS1299 is 4.5V.
The electroencephalogram signals collected by the positive electrode collecting electrode and the negative electrode collecting electrode of the electroencephalogram signals are input through one channel of the ADS, differential operation is carried out in the ADS1299, and the electroencephalogram signals of the electroencephalogram signal reference collecting electrode are used as reference signals and used for eliminating interference.
The three collecting motors A, B, C are respectively adhered to the middle of the forehead, the left side or the right side of the forehead and the position of the mastoid bone behind the ear at the same side, the collecting motor A is used as an electroencephalogram signal anode, the collecting motor B is used as an electroencephalogram signal reference electrode, the collecting motor C is used as an electroencephalogram signal cathode, constant alternating current is applied to the reference electrode to enable the constant alternating current to flow into the skin, voltage is collected and generated on the electroencephalogram signal anode collecting electrode and the electroencephalogram signal cathode collecting electrode under the excitation of the constant alternating current, the impedance between the collecting electrodes A/B is calculated through the voltage and the current, and the impedance between the collecting electrodes B/C is also calculated. If the impedance value is less than the set value, the contact is good; otherwise, the larger the impedance is, the bad contact between the collecting electrode and the skin is indicated, and the adjustment and the alarm prompt are needed.
Detailed description of the invention
According to the anti-interference method for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals, a power isolation circuit is arranged between an electroencephalogram signal acquisition module and a power supply and is used for isolating interference of the power circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; and a digital isolation circuit is arranged between the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module and the main controller and is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
And metal shielding shells are arranged outside the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module, the power supply isolation circuit and the digital isolation circuit and are used for isolating the interference of external electromagnetic signals on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
And a cable with a shielding function is used as a collecting electrode of the electroencephalogram signal collecting module.
Experiments show that after isolation measures are taken, the interference of electroencephalogram (EEG) by a high-frequency electrotome is obviously reduced while the safety requirements of medical instruments are met.
The collecting electrode connecting cable is made of wires with shielding, the whole electroencephalogram (EEG) collecting module is shielded by a fully-closed metal shielding box, and the interference of a high-frequency electrotome and other radio-frequency signals in the environment is greatly reduced by the shielding measures.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-interference method for acquiring electroencephalogram signals is characterized in that: a power isolation circuit is arranged between the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module and a power supply and is used for isolating the interference of the power circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; and a digital isolation circuit is arranged between the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module and the main controller and is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
2. The anti-interference method for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and metal shielding shells are arranged outside the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module, the power supply isolation circuit and the digital isolation circuit and are used for isolating the interference of external electromagnetic signals on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
3. The anti-interference method for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a cable with a shielding function is used as a collecting electrode of the electroencephalogram signal collecting module.
4. A circuit for collecting electroencephalogram signals is characterized in that: the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module is respectively connected with one end of the power isolation circuit and one end of the digital isolation circuit, the other end of the power isolation circuit is connected with the power circuit, and the other end of the digital isolation circuit is connected with the main controller; the power supply isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the power supply circuit on the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module; the digital isolation circuit is used for isolating the interference of the main controller on the module for collecting the electroencephalogram signals.
5. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the power isolation circuit comprises a power isolation chip, an input filter circuit and an output filter circuit, wherein the input of the input filter circuit is connected with the power circuit, the output of the input filter circuit is connected with the input of the power isolation chip, the output of the power isolation chip is connected with the output filter circuit, and the output of the output filter circuit is used for providing electric energy for the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
6. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the digital isolation circuit comprises a digital isolation chip.
7. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the digital isolation circuit comprises a bidirectional optical coupling isolation circuit and is used for communication isolation of the main controller and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module.
8. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the brain electrical signal acquisition module comprises a filter circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and brain electrical signals acquired by the acquisition electrodes are filtered by the filter circuit, input to the analog-to-digital conversion module, converted into brain digital signals and transmitted to the main controller through the digital isolation circuit.
9. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the electroencephalogram signal acquisition module comprises three acquisition electrodes, and each acquisition electrode is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module through a filter circuit.
10. The circuit for acquiring electroencephalogram signals according to claim 4, wherein: the filter circuit comprises a second-order passive RC filter circuit for realizing low-pass filtering; the analog-to-digital conversion module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion IC.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112237432A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-19 | 浙江普可医疗科技有限公司 | Electroencephalogram signal generation method and signal generator |
| CN112401898A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 西安臻泰智能科技有限公司 | High-precision electroencephalogram signal acquisition method and device |
| CN112932684A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏百宁盈创医疗科技有限公司 | Nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection |
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Application publication date: 20200228 |