CN112932684A - Nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection - Google Patents
Nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN112932684A CN112932684A CN202110366101.0A CN202110366101A CN112932684A CN 112932684 A CN112932684 A CN 112932684A CN 202110366101 A CN202110366101 A CN 202110366101A CN 112932684 A CN112932684 A CN 112932684A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0801—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking
- A61B2090/08021—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking of the patient or his organs
Abstract
A nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection is characterized in that: the nerve monitoring device comprises a nerve monitoring host (1), an interface box (2), a power line (4) and a monitoring electrode (5), wherein an impedance detection module (1-1) and an RFID module (1-2) are arranged in the nerve monitoring host (1); the impedance detection module (1-1) comprises a main control CPU module (6), a digital-to-analog conversion module (7), a first analog signal amplification circuit module (8), a channel switching module (9), a signal filtering module (10), a second analog signal amplification module (11) and an analog-to-digital conversion module (12). The invention judges the contact effectiveness of the electrode by measuring the impedance value of the monitoring electrode, and has the advantages of simple operation, accuracy and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a medical instrument, in particular to a nerve monitoring device used in an operation process, and specifically relates to a nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection.
Background
In the operation, often can use the neural guardianship device to monitor the nerve, provide help for the operation, the neural guardianship system of prior art mostly monitors electrode cooperation neural monitor and uses together. The monitoring electrode is connected with human tissue to form an electrode loop, when the myoelectricity of the area to be detected vibrates, myoelectricity signals can be generated, the monitoring electrode collects the myoelectricity signals and transmits the myoelectricity signals to the nerve monitor through an electrode wire for data processing, and then the electromyogram is recorded and an alarm is given in real time. Helping surgeons locate and identify nerves at risk within the surgical field, thereby protecting the nerves from damage during the procedure. Whether the monitoring electrode is effectively contacted with the human tissue or not, for example, when facial nerve surgery is performed, a doctor installs the monitoring electrode by using experience and installs the monitoring electrode on the corresponding human tissue.
The prior art has the following defects: 1. the prior art has the problems of large error and inconvenient use through doctor experience or a visual observation method when judging whether the monitoring electrode is effectively contacted with human tissues.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large error and inconvenient use of the existing nerve monitoring system through doctor experience or a visual observation method when the monitoring electrode is judged to be in effective contact with human tissues, and designs a nerve monitoring device which is used for judging whether the monitoring electrode is in effective contact with the human tissues by detecting the impedance value between the monitoring electrode and the human tissues.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection is characterized in that: the nerve monitoring device comprises a nerve monitoring host 1, an interface box 2, a power line 4 and a monitoring electrode 5, wherein a recording electrode channel and a stimulating electrode channel are arranged on the interface box 2; an impedance detection module 1-1 and an RFID module 1-2 are arranged in the nerve monitoring host 1, and an RFID identification card is included in the monitoring consumable 5; the impedance detection module 1-1 comprises a main control CPU module 6, a digital-to-analog conversion module 7, a first analog signal amplification circuit module 8, a channel switching module 9, a signal filtering module 10, a second analog signal amplification module 11 and an analog-to-digital conversion module 12; the human tissue is connected with the impedance detection module 1-1 through the monitoring electrode 5; the digital-to-analog conversion module 7 is connected with the main control CPU module 6, converts sinusoidal signals output by the main control CPU module 6 into analog signals, inputs the analog signals into the first analog signal amplification circuit module 8, amplifies the signals into signals with the frequency of 150 Hz-200 Hz and the amplitude of 100 muV-5 mV by the first analog signal amplification circuit module 8, and transmits the signals to the channel switching module 9, and the channel switching module 9 switches the signals through a digital circuit and outputs the analog signals to different monitoring electrode channels; the output of the monitoring electrode 5 is connected with the signal filtering module 10, the signal filtering module 10 is connected with the input of the second analog signal amplifying module 11, the output of the second analog signal amplifying module 11 is connected with the analog conversion module 12, the analog-to-digital conversion module 12 converts the analog signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the main control CPU module 12, and the digital signal is converted into an impedance value by adopting a fitting algorithm and is transmitted to the nerve monitoring host 1 to judge whether the monitoring electrode 5 is effectively contacted with human tissues.
The signal filtering module 10 is an IIR digital band-pass filter, and the pass band frequency is 80 Hz-400 Hz.
And the main control CPU module 6 obtains an impedance value from the acquired output signal by adopting a fitting algorithm.
The recording electrode channels of the interface box 2 are not less than 1 set.
The stimulation electrode channels of the interface box 2 are not less than 1 group.
And the current transformer of the anti-jamming line 3 is of a clamp structure.
The nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection also comprises an anti-interference wire 3, when a high-frequency electrotome is used, the anti-interference wire converts a sensed high-frequency current signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to a control circuit board in the host for signal processing, when a CPU detects that the voltage signal value is greater than a set value, the mute processing is started, and at the moment, the nerve monitoring host is in a mute state and is not interfered by the high-frequency signal, so that the occurrence of a random alarm phenomenon is avoided.
And the current transformer of the anti-jamming line 3 is of a clamp structure.
The nerve monitoring device of the present invention also requires the following conventional operations when in use:
(1) obtaining a fitting formula of an impedance value and a sinusoidal signal amplitude;
(2) obtaining an impedance value of the monitoring electrode contacting human tissue according to a fitting formula;
(3) and judging whether the monitoring electrode is effectively contacted with the human tissue according to the obtained impedance value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the electrode contact effectiveness is judged by measuring the impedance value of the monitoring electrode, and the device is simple to operate and is more accurate and reliable.
2. The electromyographic signal acquisition circuit and the impedance detection circuit share the same analog-to-digital conversion chip and the same CPU, so that a circuit module is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the system runs more quickly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a monitoring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a DAC module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first analog signal amplifying circuit module according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a channel switching module according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second analog signal amplifying module according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an ADC module according to the present invention.
In the figure: the nerve monitoring system comprises a nerve monitoring host 1, an impedance detection module 1-1, an RFID module 1-2, an interface box 2, an anti-interference wire 3, a power wire 4 and a monitoring consumable 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following structural figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-7.
A nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection comprises a nerve monitoring host 1, an interface box 2, a power line 4, an anti-interference line 3 and a monitoring electrode 5, wherein a recording electrode channel and a stimulating electrode channel are arranged on the interface box 2, an impedance detection module 1-1 and an RFID module 1-2 are arranged in the nerve monitoring host 1, and an RFID identification card is arranged in the monitoring consumable 5 as shown in figure 1; the anti-interference wire 3 is only used when the high-frequency electrotome is used, the anti-interference wire is not used under other conditions, the anti-interference wire converts the sensed high-frequency current signal into a voltage signal to be transmitted to a control circuit board in the host for signal processing, when the CPU detects that the value of the voltage signal is greater than a set value, the mute processing is started, the nerve monitoring host is in a mute state at the moment, the nerve monitoring host is not interfered by the high-frequency signal, the occurrence of a random alarm phenomenon is avoided, and the current transformer of the anti-interference wire 3 generally adopts a clamp structure. The impedance detection module 1-1 comprises a main control CPU module 6, a digital-to-analog conversion module 7, a first analog signal amplification circuit module 8, a channel switching module 9, a signal filtering module 10, a second analog signal amplification module 11, and an analog-to-digital conversion module 12, as shown in fig. 2; the human tissue is connected with the impedance detection module 1-1 through the monitoring electrode 5; the digital-to-analog conversion module 7 (shown in fig. 3) is connected with the main control CPU module 6, converts the sinusoidal signal output by the main control CPU module 6 into an analog signal, inputs the analog signal into the first analog signal amplification circuit module 8 (shown in fig. 4), amplifies the signal into a signal with the frequency of 150 Hz-200 Hz and the amplitude of 100 μ V-5 mV by the first analog signal amplification circuit module 8, and transmits the signal to the channel switching module 9 (shown in fig. 5), and the channel switching module 9 switches through a digital circuit and outputs the analog signal to different monitoring electrode channels; the output of the monitoring electrode 5 is connected with a signal filtering module 10 (as shown in fig. 6), the signal filtering module 10 is an IIR digital band-pass filter, and the pass band frequency is 80Hz to 400 Hz. The signal filtering module 10 is connected to an input of the second analog signal amplifying module 11, an output of the second analog signal amplifying module 11 is connected to an analog converting module 12 (as shown in fig. 7), the analog-to-digital converting module 12 converts the analog signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the main control CPU module 12, and the digital signal is converted into an impedance value by a fitting algorithm and transmitted to the nerve monitoring host 1 to determine whether the monitoring electrode 5 is effectively contacted with a human tissue. And the main control CPU module 6 obtains an impedance value from the acquired output signal by adopting a fitting algorithm. The recording electrode channels of the interface box 2 are not smaller than the groups. The stimulation electrode channels of the interface box 2 are not less than 1 group.
The invention is used in the medical field, in the operation, the operator usually needs to monitor the nerve of the operation patient, and prevent the nerve damage in the operation, the concrete working principle and the using method are as follows:
as in fig. 1.
Firstly, a system power supply is connected, and a power switch is turned on. At the moment, the interface of the monitoring host 1 is reminded of identifying accessories, the monitoring consumable 5 is packaged and taken out, the RFID card is close to the RFID card reading area at the left lower side of the monitoring host, and the host enters a working interface after the host identifies the card information.
Connect interface box 2, anti-jamming line 3, install guardianship consumptive material 5 after, can carry out neural monitoring.
When the nerve monitoring device starts monitoring, a nerve probe is used for scanning an area to be detected, when the nerve probe touches nerves, the nerve stimulation causes an electromyographic signal, the electromyographic signal is captured by a recording electrode, then the electromyographic signal is transferred to an internal circuit of the nerve monitoring host 1 for processing through the interface box 2, the processing is displayed through a display screen, and voice alarm is performed to assist a surgeon to confirm the position of the nerves, so that nerve protection is performed.
When the high-frequency electrotome is used, the anti-interference wire 3 converts the sensed high-frequency current signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to a control circuit board in the host for signal processing, when the CPU detects that the value of the voltage signal is greater than a set value, the mute processing is started, and the nerve monitoring host is in a mute state and is not interfered by the high-frequency signal, so that the phenomenon of alarming in disorder is avoided.
When impedance detection is carried out, the main control CPU module outputs a sine signal, the sine signal is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog conversion module, and the signal is amplified into a signal with the frequency of 150 Hz-200 Hz and the amplitude of 100 muV-5 mV through the first analog signal amplification circuit module. And then the analog signals are output to different monitoring electrode channels through the channel switching module.
The monitoring electrode is connected with the signal filtering module, the signal filtering module is connected with the input of the second analog signal amplifying module, the output of the second analog signal amplifying module is connected with the analog conversion module, and the output of the analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the main control CPU module.
The monitoring electrode filters the obtained signal through a filter circuit, and then the signal is amplified by a second analog signal amplification module, the second analog signal amplification module adopts an instrument amplification circuit structure, the instrument amplifier has the excellent characteristics of low noise, high gain controllability and the like, and the instrument amplifier composed of an AD8221 chip is adopted to amplify the original electrode differential signal passing through human tissue and output the amplified signal to an analog-digital conversion circuit. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit mainly adopts an ADC chip, in order to improve the effective accuracy of calculation, PCM1803 is adopted, the sampling accuracy is 24 bits, the maximum supporting 19200SPS sampling rate is far greater than the maximum passband frequency of 400Hz in a full power mode, and programmable gain amplification can be carried out according to actual needs, so that the requirements of the system are completely met.
And finally, acquiring the amplified signal acquired by the ADC by the main control CPU module, filtering other noise signals by an IIR digital filter algorithm realized by software, leaving a pure 200Hz sinusoidal signal, identifying the maximum difference value of the wave crests and the wave troughs of a single sinusoidal signal, substituting the maximum difference value into a fitted equation, and finally calculating an electrical impedance value for judging that the electrode is effectively contacted with human tissues and judging the contact effectiveness of the monitoring electrode. The specific process is as follows:
(1) obtaining a fitting formula of an impedance value and a sinusoidal signal amplitude;
(2) obtaining an impedance value of the monitoring electrode contacting human tissue according to a fitting formula;
(3) and judging whether the monitoring electrode is effectively contacted with the human tissue according to the obtained impedance value.
The present invention is not concerned with parts which are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.
Claims (8)
1. A nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection is characterized in that: the nerve monitoring device comprises a nerve monitoring host (1), an interface box (2), a power line (4) and a monitoring electrode (5), wherein a recording electrode channel and a stimulating electrode channel are arranged on the interface box (2); an impedance detection module (1-1) and an RFID module (1-2) are arranged in the nerve monitoring host (1), and an RFID identification card is included in the monitoring consumable (5); the impedance detection module (1-1) comprises a main control CPU module (6), a digital-to-analog conversion module (7), a first analog signal amplification circuit module (8), a channel switching module (9), a signal filtering module (10), a second analog signal amplification module (11) and an analog-to-digital conversion module (12); the human tissue is connected with the impedance detection module (1-1) through the monitoring electrode (5); the digital-to-analog conversion module (7) is connected with the main control CPU module (6), converts sinusoidal signals output by the main control CPU module (6) into analog signals, inputs the analog signals into the first analog signal amplification circuit module (8), amplifies the analog signals into signals with the frequency of 150 Hz-200 Hz and the amplitude of 100 muV-5 mV through the first analog signal amplification circuit module (8), and transmits the signals to the channel switching module (9), and the channel switching module (9) switches through a digital circuit and outputs the analog signals to different monitoring electrode channels; the output of the monitoring electrode (5) is connected with the signal filtering module (10), the signal filtering module (10) is connected with the input of the second analog signal amplifying module (11), the output of the second analog signal amplifying module (11) is connected with the analog conversion module (12), the analog-to-digital conversion module (12) converts the analog signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the main control CPU module (12), and the digital signal is converted into an impedance value by adopting a fitting algorithm and is transmitted to the nerve monitoring host (1) to judge whether the monitoring electrode (5) is effectively contacted with human tissues.
2. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: the signal filtering module (10) is an IIR digital band-pass filter, and the pass band frequency is 80 Hz-400 Hz.
3. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: and the main control CPU module (6) obtains an impedance value from the acquired output signal by adopting a fitting algorithm.
4. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: the recording electrode channels of the interface box (2) are not less than 1 group.
5. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: the stimulating electrode channels of the interface box (2) are not less than 1 group.
6. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: and the current transformer of the anti-jamming line (3) is of a clamp structure.
7. The neuromonitoring device based on body impedance sensing of claim 1, wherein: the nerve monitoring host machine also comprises an anti-interference wire (3), when the high-frequency electrotome is used, the anti-interference wire converts the sensed high-frequency current signal into a voltage signal to be transmitted to a control circuit board in the host machine for signal processing, when the CPU detects that the value of the voltage signal is greater than a set value, the mute processing is started, and the nerve monitoring host machine is in a mute state and is not interfered by the high-frequency signal, so that the occurrence of the random alarm phenomenon is avoided.
8. The neuromonitoring device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the current transformer of the anti-jamming line is of a clamp structure.
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| CN202110366101.0A CN112932684A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection |
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| CN202110366101.0A CN112932684A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Nerve monitoring device based on human body impedance detection |
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