CN110839503A

CN110839503A - Tree transplanting equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110839503A
Application number: CN201911251744.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘成
Original assignee: Henan Zhenye Ecological Environment Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Henan Zhenye Ecological Environment Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-09
Filing date: 2019-12-09
Publication date: 2020-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-09
Also published as: CN110839503B

Abstract

The invention relates to tree transplanting equipment. When the tree transplanting equipment works, the driving mechanism drives the rope saw to rotate under the guide of the guide wheel set, the rotating mechanism drives the digging shovel to integrally rotate, the rope saw is contacted with the ground to start sawing in the rotating process of the digging shovel, the rope saw gradually saws and separates tree roots and tree roots from a land block along with the rotation of the digging shovel, and the shovel frame integrally has a structure which extends along the front-back direction and is concave downwards in the middle, so that the movement track of the shovel frame is hemispherical, the tree roots are finally spherical, the survival rate of trees is improved, in addition, the digging shovel mainly performs sawing on the soil blocks and the tree roots through the cutting of the rope saw in the integral rotating process, the driving force in the rotating process is greatly reduced, the requirement on the driving force of the rotating mechanism is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Tree transplanting equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to tree transplanting equipment.

Background

With the development of mechanical automation technology, more and more industries begin to apply automated assembly, and particularly in the field of tree transplanting, the development of tree transplanting equipment is greatly promoted due to the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, high labor cost and the like. The main components of the existing tree transplanting equipment are excavating components, wherein the excavating components mainly have the following three forms: 1. a multi-shovel combined bucket excavator, such as a tree excavator disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 107135900B; 2. arc blade excavation, such as excavator disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN209609435U, and tree excavator disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 104982303U; 3. chain saw excavation, such as the tree transplanting robot disclosed in chinese patent document No. CN106613739 UB.

Wherein 1 st kind and 2 nd kind excavate the part and need very big drive power to come to cut off by force ground and root, consequently all adopt the very big hydraulic means of drive power to drive, and the cost is higher, and 3 rd kind excavates the part and does not greatly require drive power, but because the structure restriction (rectangular shape) of chain saw, can only be according to certain angle to cutting trees, the root shape of the trees of final formation is not regular spherical, causes the influence to the survival rate of trees.

Therefore, a tree transplanting device with low cost and high survival rate is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a tree transplanting device, which aims to solve the problems of high cost and low survival rate of the existing tree transplanting device.

The tree transplanting device adopts the following technical scheme:

tree transplanting equipment, be in including automobile body and setting excavation component on the automobile body, excavation component includes and sets up through slewing mechanism the anterior digger blade of automobile body, the digger blade includes the shovel frame that extends, middle part undercut along the fore-and-aft direction, be equipped with the guide wheelset on the side of shovel frame, the winding has the rope saw that is used for saw cutting on the guide wheelset, still be equipped with on the shovel frame and be used for the drive the rope saw winds guide wheelset pivoted actuating mechanism.

The shovel frame is of a bent structure comprising a bottom frame and side frames, wherein the bottom frame is located in the middle of the shovel frame, the left end and the right end of the bottom frame are bent upwards, and a guide piece for guiding the rope saw is arranged at the bent position of the shovel frame.

The guide comprises a guide body and a guide groove arranged on the guide body, wherein the rope saw is guided to move and arranged in the guide groove.

The guide wheel set comprises a plurality of steering wheels correspondingly arranged at the corner positions of the shovel frame and supporting wheels arranged on the front side of the shovel frame and used for supporting the rope saw on the front side in the sawing process.

The rope saw comprises a steel wire rope and saw cutting blocks which are sleeved on the steel wire rope, the saw cutting blocks comprise two base bodies sleeved on the steel wire rope, the two base bodies are connected through a connecting cap, and a fastening structure used for enabling the base bodies to be clamped on the steel wire rope is arranged between the connecting cap and the two base bodies.

The butt joint end of two bases is equipped with the inboard bullet claw that has anti-skidding tooth, is equipped with wedge face cooperation structure between two base member bullet claws, the connecting cap is connected with two bases through revolving to opposite screw thread.

The wedge-shaped surface matching structure comprises an outer conical surface arranged on one elastic claw and an inner conical surface arranged on the other elastic claw, and the inner conical surface is in jacking fit with the outer conical surface.

The wedge-shaped matching surface structure comprises outer conical surfaces arranged on the two elastic claws and a top pressing block arranged between the two outer conical surfaces, the top pressing block is provided with matching surfaces matched with the two outer conical surfaces, and the periphery of the top pressing block is in running fit with the inner wall of the connecting cap.

The driving mechanism is a hydraulic motor.

The shovel frame of the digging shovel is coated with a shell, an opening is formed in the side edge of the shell, and the rope saw extends out of the opening.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the tree transplanting equipment works, the driving mechanism drives the rope saw to rotate under the guide of the guide wheel set, the rotating mechanism drives the digging shovel to integrally rotate, the rope saw is contacted with the ground to start sawing in the rotating process of the digging shovel, the rope saw gradually saws and separates tree roots and tree roots from a land block along with the rotation of the digging shovel, and the shovel frame integrally has a structure which extends along the front-back direction and is concave downwards in the middle, so that the movement track of the shovel frame is hemispherical, the tree roots are finally spherical, the survival rate of trees is improved, in addition, the digging shovel mainly performs sawing on the soil blocks and the tree roots through the cutting of the rope saw in the integral rotating process, the driving force in the rotating process is greatly reduced, the requirement on the driving force of the rotating mechanism is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tree transplanting apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the excavating blade of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 from another perspective;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the housing;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the guide location;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the shovel;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cord saw configuration;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first substrate;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second substrate;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a rope saw in embodiment 2 of the tree transplanting apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 1 to 9 correspond to embodiment 1, in which: 1. a vehicle body; 2. a guide post; 3. a support frame; 4. a rotating mechanism; 5. a hydraulic cylinder; 6. an excavating component; 31. a guide block; 61. a first side frame; 62. a chassis; 63. a second side frame; 64. rotating the mounting plate; 65. a hydraulic motor; 66. a rope saw; 67. a guide wheel; 68. a guide; 69. a housing; 691. an opening; 660. a wire rope; 661. a first substrate; 662. a cutter head; 663. a connecting cap; 664. a second substrate; 6611. a first latch claw; 6612. blocking the platform; 6621. cutting edges; 6631. a first thread; 6632. a second thread; 6641. a second elastic claw; 601. anti-slip teeth; 602. a first wedge-shaped face; 603. a second wedge-shaped face; 604. a limiting groove;

FIG. 10 corresponds to example 2, in which: 01. a connecting cap; 02. pressing the block; 03. a first wedge-shaped face; 04. a second wedge-shaped face.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 of the tree transplanting equipment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the tree transplanting equipment includes a vehicle body 1 and an excavating component 6 disposed on the vehicle body 1, the excavating component 6 includes an excavating shovel disposed at the front portion of the vehicle body 1 through a rotating mechanism 4, the excavating shovel includes a shovel frame extending in the front-rear direction and having a downward-depressed middle portion, a guide wheel set is disposed on a side edge of the shovel frame, a rope saw 66 for sawing is wound around the guide wheel set, and a driving mechanism for driving the rope saw 66 to rotate around the guide wheel set is further disposed on the shovel frame. The front end of automobile body 1 is equipped with the mounting bracket, is equipped with guide post 2 on the mounting bracket, and the direction removal is equipped with guide block 31 on the guide post 2, and simultaneously, still is connected with power unit on the guide block 31 for drive it reciprocates. The support frame 3 and the guide block 31 are integrally arranged, the rotating mechanism 4 is hinged to the front end of the support frame 3, the front end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating mechanism 4, the rear end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support frame 3, the excavating component 6 is arranged on the power output end of the rotating mechanism 4, and the mechanisms are all in the prior art and are not taken as the key point of the invention, and the description is omitted.

This kind of equipment during operation is transplanted to trees, actuating mechanism drives rope saw 66 and rotates under the guide of guide wheelset, slewing mechanism 4 drive digger blade wholly rotates this moment, digger blade rotates in-process rope saw 66 and ground contact and begins to saw, along with digger blade's rotation, rope saw 66 saw cuts the separation with root and landmass gradually, because the shovel frame is whole to be along the fore-and-aft direction extension, middle part undercut's structure, make its movement track form the hemisphere, finally make root position department be spherical, the survival rate of trees has been improved, in addition, digger blade mainly carries out the saw cutting of soil mass and root through rope saw 66's cutting at the whole rotation in-process, make the drive power of rotation in-process reduce greatly, like this the requirement to slewing mechanism 4's drive power reduces greatly, thereby the cost is reduced.

In the present embodiment, in consideration of the fact that the bent position is too many if the blade frame is provided in an arc shape, a large number of guide members need to be provided, and therefore, in the present embodiment, the blade frame is provided in a bent-like structure, specifically, the blade frame is a bent-like structure including the base frame 62 at a middle position and the side frames bent upward at the left and right ends of the base frame 62, and a guide member for guiding the wire saw 66 is provided at the bent position of the blade frame. The two side frames are respectively a first side frame 61 and a second side frame 63, and the outer end of the second side frame 63 is provided with a rotating mounting plate 64 for connecting with a power output shaft of a rotating mechanism. After the bending mechanism is adopted, the base frame 62 and the two side frames are both in a linear structure, so that only the guide pieces are required to be arranged at the bending positions, the number of the guide pieces can be reduced, and meanwhile, the friction resistance caused by the guide pieces is also reduced.

The guide has a specific structure as shown in fig. 5, the guide comprises a guide body and a guide groove arranged on the guide body, the rope saw 66 is guided to move in the guide groove, actually, the eye direction of the guide groove is bent, in order to reduce the friction force, a plurality of balls can be arranged on the groove wall of the guide groove, and the sliding friction is converted into the rolling friction through the balls, so that the friction force is effectively reduced.

The guide wheel set comprises a plurality of steering wheels correspondingly arranged at the corner positions of the shovel frame and supporting wheels arranged at the front side of the shovel frame and used for supporting the rope saw 66 at the front side in the sawing process. In fact, in this embodiment, the steering wheel and the mechanism supporting the wheel are identical, but are defined to have different functions depending on their positions. Wherein the steering wheel is used for steering, and the supporting wheel is used for supporting the rope saw 66 at the front side, so that supporting force is provided in the sawing process, and the sawing efficiency is ensured.

In this embodiment, to ensure proper operation of the rope saw 66, the drive mechanism is a hydraulic motor 65. It should be noted here that although the driving mechanism also employs the hydraulic motor 65, the driving force of the hydraulic motor 65 is greatly reduced due to the sawing manner of the wire saw 66, thereby reducing the cost.

In order to avoid that earth sundries enter the shovel frame in the excavating process, in the embodiment, the shovel frame of the excavating shovel is provided with a coating shell, the structure of the shell is shown in fig. 4, an opening is formed in the side edge of the shell, and the rope saw 66 extends out of the opening, so that the part of the rope saw on the front side of the shovel frame, which is used for sawing in the sawing process, leaks out of the opening, the rope saw can be used for sawing, and other parts of the rope saw, including the shovel frame, are coated in the shell, and the stability is improved.

The rope saw is also a very important component for the invention, and in fact it is possible to use prior art rope saws, such as the concrete cutting rope saw that is common in the construction field. However, in the practical application process, considering that the rope saw needs to cut earth and tree roots, a special rope saw needs to be arranged, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 7 to 9, the rope saw comprises a steel wire rope and saw cutting blocks sleeved on the steel wire rope, each saw cutting block comprises two base bodies sleeved on the steel wire rope, the two base bodies are a first base body 661 and a second base body 664 respectively, the two base bodies are connected through a connecting cap 663, and a fastening structure used for clamping the base bodies on the steel wire rope is arranged between the connecting cap 663 and the two base bodies.

The peripheries of the two base bodies are provided with ring grooves for mounting the cutter head 662, taking the first base body 661 as an example, the periphery of the first base body is provided with a limiting groove 604, the cutter head 662 is clamped in the limiting groove 604, the outer end of the limiting groove 604 is provided with a stop 6612, and the stop 6612 is of a ring structure and used for limiting the cutter head 662. The specific material of the cutting head 662 can be manganese steel or other types of tool steel, so that the wear resistance is better. Considering that the condition in soil is complicated and even metal impurities are encountered, the tool bit 662 is likely to generate abrasion and set accidental breakage, so that the two base bodies are detachably connected by the connecting nut in the embodiment, and the two base bodies can be directly welded or cast on the steel wire rope base body in other embodiments.

The cutting head 662 protrudes outwards from the base body, so that the connecting cap 663 can be shielded, and only the cutting head 662 is sawing during the sawing process. The cutting edge 6621 of the cutting head 662 is provided at the end, particularly the end recessed inwardly to form the cutting edge 6621, which is more sharp and stronger.

In this embodiment, the fastening connection structure adopts a wedge-shaped surface connection structure, the abutting ends of the two bases are provided with elastic claws with anti-skid teeth 601 on the inner sides, a wedge-shaped surface matching structure is arranged between the elastic claws of the two bases, and the connection cap 663 is connected with the two bases through threads with opposite rotation directions, specifically, a first thread 6631 and a second thread 6632. Of course, other fastening mechanisms, such as hoops, may be used to fasten the substrate.

The wedge-surface engaging structure specifically includes an outer conical surface provided on one of the elastic claws and an inner conical surface provided on the other, i.e., the first wedge-surface 602 and the second wedge-surface 603, and in practice, the inner and outer conical surfaces are annular wedge-surfaces, and the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface are in press-fit engagement. In the connection process, the two base bodies are butted firstly, then the connection nut is screwed, the thread turning directions of the two ends of the connection nut are opposite, so that in the process of screwing the connection nut, the two base bodies are close to each other, in the process of closing, the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface are in jacking fit, the first elastic claw is contracted inwards, and the steel wire rope is tightened.

In the working process of the tree transplanting equipment, the vehicle body 1 moves beside a tree, the digging part 6 is adjusted to a proper height through the up-and-down movement of the support frame 3, then the hydraulic motor 65 drives the rope saw to rotate, the rotating mechanism 4 drives the digging part 6 to integrally rotate, so that the rope saw starts to saw tree roots and soil, the motion trail of the digging part 6 is hemispherical, and therefore when the digging part 6 rotates 180 degrees, the tree roots and the soil can be separated, the tree roots are spherical, and the survival rate in the later planting process is improved. The invention adopts the wire saw to cut, reduces the driving force of the rotating mechanism 4 and reduces the cost.

The main difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 of the tree transplanting equipment of the present invention lies in the fastening manner of the base body of the sawn and cut piece, specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the wedge-shaped fitting surface structure includes outer conical surfaces arranged on the two spring claws and a press 02 arranged between the two outer conical surfaces, both the two outer conical surfaces form a wedge surface and are respectively a first wedge surface 03 and a second wedge surface 04, the press 02 has fitting surfaces fitted with the two outer conical surfaces, the periphery of the press block is rotationally fitted with the inner wall of the connecting cap 01, during the process of screwing the connecting cap, the two base bodies are driven to approach each other through positive and negative threads, and at this time, the fitting surfaces of the press block and the outer conical surfaces of the two base bodies are in press fit, so that the two spring claws are moved inwards to clamp the steel wire rope, thereby ensuring the clamping effect.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the shovel frame may also be configured in an arc-shaped structure; the guide piece can also adopt a roller structure; the driving mechanism can also adopt a driving motor; the two base bodies of the rope saw can also be directly connected by screw threads, or the two base bodies can be separately arranged.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. Equipment is transplanted to trees, including the automobile body and set up excavation component on the automobile body, its characterized in that: the digging component comprises a digging shovel arranged at the front part of the vehicle body through a rotating mechanism, the digging shovel comprises a shovel frame extending along the front-back direction and having a downward sunken middle part, a guide wheel set is arranged on the side edge of the shovel frame, a rope saw used for saw cutting is wound on the guide wheel set, and a driving mechanism used for driving the rope saw to wind the guide wheel set is further arranged on the shovel frame.

2. The tree transplanting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the shovel frame is of a bent structure comprising a bottom frame and side frames, wherein the bottom frame is located in the middle of the shovel frame, the left end and the right end of the bottom frame are bent upwards, and a guide piece for guiding the rope saw is arranged at the bent position of the shovel frame.

3. The tree transplanting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the guide comprises a guide body and a guide groove arranged on the guide body, wherein the rope saw is guided to move and arranged in the guide groove.

4. The tree transplanting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the guide wheel set comprises a plurality of steering wheels correspondingly arranged at the corner positions of the shovel frame and supporting wheels arranged on the front side of the shovel frame and used for supporting the rope saw on the front side in the sawing process.

5. The tree transplanting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the rope saw comprises a steel wire rope and saw cutting blocks which are sleeved on the steel wire rope, the saw cutting blocks comprise two base bodies sleeved on the steel wire rope, the two base bodies are connected through a connecting cap, and a fastening structure used for enabling the base bodies to be clamped on the steel wire rope is arranged between the connecting cap and the two base bodies.

6. The tree transplanting apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the butt joint end of two bases is equipped with the inboard bullet claw that has anti-skidding tooth, is equipped with wedge face cooperation structure between two base member bullet claws, the connecting cap is connected with two bases through revolving to opposite screw thread.

7. The tree transplanting apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the wedge-shaped surface matching structure comprises an outer conical surface arranged on one elastic claw and an inner conical surface arranged on the other elastic claw, and the inner conical surface is in jacking fit with the outer conical surface.

8. The tree transplanting apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the wedge-shaped matching surface structure comprises outer conical surfaces arranged on the two elastic claws and a top pressing block arranged between the two outer conical surfaces, the top pressing block is provided with matching surfaces matched with the two outer conical surfaces, and the periphery of the top pressing block is in running fit with the inner wall of the connecting cap.

9. The tree transplanting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the driving mechanism is a hydraulic motor.

10. The tree transplanting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the shovel frame of the digging shovel is coated with a shell, an opening is formed in the side edge of the shell, and the rope saw extends out of the opening.