CN110837702A - Emergency simulation system for urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery emergency - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency simulation, and particularly relates to an emergency simulation system for an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery. The emergency guidance method for personnel evacuation comprises a parameter setting module, a simulation platform determining module, a simulation model building module and a simulation result output module, and provides a flow of the emergency guidance method for personnel evacuation when an emergency happens in the comprehensive pipe rack. According to the geometric parameters of the building in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the types of persons entering the gallery and basic data including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and the like and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system, an emergency simulation model is constructed, evacuation behaviors of the persons in the comprehensive pipe gallery are simulated, and an evacuation behavior simulation result of the persons in the emergency is obtained, so that reference is provided for an actual emergency evacuation emergency plan of the persons in the emergency, and the blank that no emergency simulation system or model suitable for the comprehensive pipe gallery exists is made up.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency simulation, and particularly relates to an emergency simulation system for an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery.
Background
At present, a comprehensive pipe rack is constructed in a large scale in China, and safety accidents such as fire, water pipe burst, natural gas pipeline leakage and the like can occur in a special engineering pipeline in the comprehensive pipe rack. In consideration of the destructiveness and uncertainty caused by the emergency, the simulation environment is constructed to consume manpower, financial resources and material resources, and the personnel evacuation experiment under the emergency condition has certain danger, so that the personnel evacuation problem under a specific scene is often researched by means of simulation analysis, and reference is provided for the actual emergency personnel evacuation plan.
The existing emergency simulation scheme or model mainly aims at mines, underground commercial streets, aircrafts and the like and is not suitable for comprehensive pipe galleries. Because the utility tunnel is limited in movement space, people evacuation under emergency conditions has some particularity, for example, facilities and structures of the utility tunnel, behaviors of operation inspection maintainers, reasons of people evacuation and the like are different from the people emergency evacuation in the building. Therefore, the existing emergency system or model cannot be applied to the emergency evacuation simulation process of personnel in the utility tunnel, and an emergency simulation scheme of the emergency of the utility tunnel needs to be established according to the characteristics of the utility tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the emergency simulation scheme suitable for the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery is not available at present, evacuation situations of personnel in the pipe gallery when an emergency happens cannot be simulated, and accordingly reference conditions cannot be provided for an actual emergency plan for evacuation of personnel in the emergency of the comprehensive pipe gallery.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an emergency simulation system for an emergency of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which comprises: the simulation system comprises a parameter setting unit, a simulation platform determining unit, a simulation model constructing unit and a simulation result output unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the parameter setting unit is used for determining simulation parameters according to the technical standards of urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery engineering (GB50838-2015) by combining the construction condition of the national comprehensive pipe gallery, the sex, age, weight and pace of personnel entering the gallery and the characteristics of calm, tension and panic of the personnel in emergency;
the simulation platform determination unit is used for determining a simulation platform according to the main application field of the platform, the included functional modules and the characteristic of whether the complex system evolving along with time is suitable for modeling;
the simulation model building unit is used for building a cellular automaton personnel behavior model by adopting a cellular automaton theory according to the simulation parameters determined by the parameter setting unit and the simulation platform determined by the simulation platform determining unit, and according to the building geometric parameters, the corridor personnel types and basic data in the comprehensive pipe corridor, including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system;
the simulation result output unit is used for carrying out data processing through the cellular automata personnel behavior model constructed by the simulation model construction unit according to different emergency scene settings, outputting the simulation results of each scene, including personnel average speed data, evacuation time data and detained people number statistical data, and outputting comparative analysis results of different scenes.
In the working process of the simulation model building unit, compared with simulation based on multi-agent and simulation based on system dynamics, the simulation based on cellular automata can simplify specific problems, and most of cells are single and uniform individuals, so that the simulation model is suitable for simulation processing of a narrow and long underground space of a few people in a comprehensive management corridor, and a personnel behavior model is built by adopting the cellular automata theory.
In the working process of the simulation model building unit, the modeling method of the personnel behavior model of the cellular automata comprises the following steps:
dividing a building space into unit cells, wherein the unit cells are abstract expressions of terrain, simulating the movement of personnel through the movement of cells among the unit cells, each unit cell can be occupied by the personnel or can be empty, and the personnel calculate the entry probability of the unit cells according to a probability model;
the size of the cell is determined according to the projection area of the human body, only one person can enter each cell at each time step, the cell entered by each person at the next moment is determined by the state of the surrounding lattice points and the target point, and the person selects to enter the cell at the next step according to a specific rule.
Wherein the specific rule is: each cell has a preference direction, a preference matrix is established to represent the probability of the cell moving to the periphery of the cell, and the preference direction is determined through the probability model;
defining a preference matrix according to the actual requirements of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, wherein the cells in the matrix are abstract expressions of terrain, and determining that persons entering the gallery can move towards the directions of 5 cells around according to the geometric space limitation of the comprehensive pipe gallery and the average shoulder width and chest thickness of a human body, wherein the movement probability in each direction is different; the above-mentioned 5 cells in the periphery include: left side, left front, right side.
Wherein, the calculation mode of the probability model is as follows:
wherein, PijRepresenting the probability of a person moving towards cell (i, j).
Wherein k isijThe normalization coefficient is set to make the sum of the probabilities of the 5 surrounding cells and the 6 cells in the surrounding cells equal to 1;
Bijindicates the number of people in cell (i, j) at time t, Bij1 means occupied, not accessible, Bij0 means unoccupied and may be entered.
Wherein d isijRepresents the distance of the cell (i, j) to the exit;
max dijrepresenting a maximum distance value of the cell from the exit;
min dijrepresenting a cell minimum distance value from the exit; the closer the exit, the greater the probability of entering the cell.
Wherein F epsilon (0, 1) represents the familiarity of people for the evacuation environment, 0 represents the lowest familiarity, and 1 represents the familiarity with the evacuation channel and the entrance and exit;
p belongs to [1, + ∞ ] represents the degree of panic and disability of the personnel, 1 represents very calm, and can be completely judged rationally according to the acquired information, and the larger P is, the more irrational is;
the monitoring center informs personnel in the corridor of the accident occurrence place and the accident type O e (0, 1) through communication broadcasting, wherein the instruction guide coefficient is represented, the smaller the guide coefficient is, the smaller the action of the communication system is, and the coefficient close to 0 represents that the communication system fails.
Wherein C ∈ (0,1] represents the mode of slave.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the emergency simulation scheme for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery comprises a parameter setting module, a simulation platform determining module, a simulation model constructing module and a simulation result output module, and provides a flow of an emergency guidance method for personnel evacuation when the emergency occurs in the comprehensive pipe gallery. According to the geometric parameters of the building in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the types of persons entering the gallery and basic data including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and the like and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system, an emergency simulation model is constructed, evacuation behaviors of the persons in the comprehensive pipe gallery are simulated, and an evacuation behavior simulation result of the persons in the emergency is obtained, so that reference is provided for an actual emergency evacuation emergency plan of the persons in the emergency, and the blank that no emergency simulation system or model suitable for the comprehensive pipe gallery exists is made up.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preference matrix orientation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic modeling flow diagram;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a process flow of an emergency simulation scheme of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an emergency simulation system for an emergency of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which comprises: the simulation system comprises a parameter setting unit, a simulation platform determining unit, a simulation model constructing unit and a simulation result output unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the parameter setting unit is used for determining simulation parameters according to the technical standards of urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery engineering (GB50838-2015) by combining the construction condition of the national comprehensive pipe gallery, the sex, age, weight and pace of personnel entering the gallery and the characteristics of calm, tension and panic of the personnel in emergency;
the simulation platform determination unit is used for determining a simulation platform according to the main application field of the platform, the included functional modules and the characteristic of whether the complex system evolving along with time is suitable for modeling;
the simulation model building unit is used for building a cellular automaton personnel behavior model by adopting a cellular automaton theory according to the simulation parameters determined by the parameter setting unit and the simulation platform determined by the simulation platform determining unit, and according to the building geometric parameters, the corridor personnel types and basic data in the comprehensive pipe corridor, including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system;
the simulation result output unit is used for carrying out data processing through the cellular automata personnel behavior model constructed by the simulation model construction unit according to different emergency scene settings, outputting the simulation results of each scene, including personnel average speed data, evacuation time data and detained people number statistical data, and outputting comparative analysis results of different scenes.
In the working process of the simulation model building unit, compared with simulation based on multi-agent and simulation based on system dynamics, the simulation based on cellular automata can simplify specific problems, and most of cells are single and uniform individuals, so that the simulation model is suitable for simulation processing of a narrow and long underground space of a few people in a comprehensive management corridor, and a personnel behavior model is built by adopting the cellular automata theory.
In the working process of the simulation model building unit, the modeling method of the personnel behavior model of the cellular automata comprises the following steps:
dividing a building space into unit cells, wherein the unit cells are abstract expressions of terrain, simulating the movement of personnel through the movement of cells among the unit cells, each unit cell can be occupied by the personnel or can be empty, and the personnel calculate the entry probability of the unit cells according to a probability model;
the size of the cell is determined according to the projection area of the human body, only one person can enter each cell at each time step, the cell entered by each person at the next moment is determined by the state of the surrounding lattice points and the target point, and the person selects to enter the cell at the next step according to a specific rule.
Wherein the specific rule is: each cell has a preference direction, a preference matrix is established to represent the probability of the cell moving to the periphery of the cell, and the preference direction is determined through the probability model;
defining a preference matrix according to the actual requirements of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery as shown in figure 1, wherein unit cells in the matrix are abstract expressions of terrain, black circles represent corridor personnel, the corridor personnel can move towards the directions of 5 surrounding unit cells according to the geometric space limitation of the comprehensive pipe gallery and the average shoulder width and chest thickness of a human body, arrows represent the movement directions of the corridor personnel, and the movement probability in each direction is different; the above-mentioned 5 cells in the periphery include: left side, left front, right side.
Wherein, the calculation mode of the probability model is as follows:
wherein, PijRepresenting the probability of a person moving towards cell (i, j).
Wherein k isijThe normalization coefficient is set to make the sum of the probabilities of the 5 surrounding cells and the 6 cells in the surrounding cells equal to 1;
Bijindicates the number of people in cell (i, j) at time t, Bij1 means occupied, not accessible, Bij0 means unoccupied and may be entered.
Wherein d isijRepresents the distance of the cell (i, j) to the exit;
max dijrepresenting a maximum distance value of the cell from the exit;
min dijrepresenting a cell minimum distance value from the exit; the closer the exit, the greater the probability of entering the cell.
Wherein F epsilon (0, 1) represents the familiarity of people for the evacuation environment, 0 represents the lowest familiarity, and 1 represents the familiarity with the evacuation channel and the entrance and exit;
p belongs to [1, + ∞ ] represents the degree of panic and disability of the personnel, 1 represents very calm, and can be completely judged rationally according to the acquired information, and the larger P is, the more irrational is;
the monitoring center informs personnel in the corridor of the accident occurrence place and the accident type O e (0, 1) through communication broadcasting, wherein the instruction guide coefficient is represented, the smaller the guide coefficient is, the smaller the action of the communication system is, and the coefficient close to 0 represents that the communication system fails.
Wherein C ∈ (0,1] represents the mode of slave.
In addition, the invention also provides an emergency simulation method for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which is implemented based on an emergency simulation system for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, and the emergency simulation system for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery comprises the following steps: the simulation system comprises a parameter setting unit, a simulation platform determining unit, a simulation model constructing unit and a simulation result output unit;
the emergency simulation method for the emergency events of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery comprises the following steps:
step 1: the parameter setting unit determines simulation parameters according to the technical standards of urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery engineering (GB50838-2015) and by combining the construction condition of the national comprehensive pipe gallery, the sex, age, weight and pace of personnel entering the gallery, and the characteristics of calm, tension, panic and the like in emergency;
step 2: the simulation platform determining unit determines the simulation platform according to the main application field of the platform, the included functional modules and the characteristic of whether the complex system evolving along with time is suitable for modeling;
and step 3: the simulation model building unit builds a personnel behavior model of the cellular automata by adopting the cellular automata theory according to the simulation parameters determined in the step 1 and the simulation platform determined in the step 2, and according to the geometrical parameters of the building in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the types of persons entering the gallery and basic data, including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, the psychological characteristics of calmness, tension and panic in emergency, the following factors and the instruction guide coefficient of a communication system;
and 4, the simulation result output unit performs data processing according to different emergency scene settings, such as normal work of a communication system or failure of the communication system, and the like through the cellular automata personnel behavior model constructed in the step 3, outputs simulation results of each scene, including personnel average speed data, evacuation time data and detention people number statistical data, and outputs comparative analysis results of different scenes.
In the step 3, compared with simulation based on multi-agent and simulation based on system dynamics, the simulation based on cellular automata can simplify specific problems, and most of cells are single and uniform individuals and are more suitable for simulation processing of the narrow and long underground space of the few people in the comprehensive pipe gallery, so that a personnel behavior model is constructed by adopting the cellular automata theory.
In the step 3, the modeling method of the personnel behavior model of the cellular automata comprises the following steps:
dividing a building space into unit cells, wherein the unit cells are abstract expressions of terrain, simulating the movement of personnel through the movement of cells among the unit cells, each unit cell can be occupied by the personnel or can be empty, and the personnel calculate the entry probability of the unit cells according to a probability model;
the size of the cell is determined according to the projection area of the human body, only one person can enter each cell at each time step, the cell entered by each person at the next moment is determined by the state of the surrounding lattice points and the target point, and the person selects to enter the cell at the next step according to a specific rule.
The specific rule is: each cell has a preference direction, a preference matrix is established to represent the probability of the cell moving to the periphery of the cell, and the preference direction is determined through the probability model;
defining a preference matrix according to the actual requirements of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery as shown in figure 1, wherein unit cells in the matrix are abstract expressions of terrain, black circles represent corridor personnel, the corridor personnel can move towards the directions of 5 surrounding unit cells according to the geometric space limitation of the comprehensive pipe gallery and the average shoulder width and chest thickness of a human body, arrows represent the movement directions of the corridor personnel, and the movement probability in each direction is different; the above-mentioned 5 cells in the periphery include: left side, left front, right side.
The probability model is calculated in the following way:
wherein, PijRepresenting the probability of a person moving towards cell (i, j);
kijthe normalization coefficient is set to make the sum of the probabilities of the 5 surrounding cells and the 6 cells in the surrounding cells equal to 1;
Bijindicates the number of people in cell (i, j) at time t, Bij1 means occupied, not accessible, Bij0 means unoccupied, accessible;
dijrepresents the distance of the cell (i, j) to the exit;
max dijrepresenting a maximum distance value of the cell from the exit;
min dijrepresenting a cell minimum distance value from the exit; the closer the distance from the exit, the greater the probability of entering the cell;
f belongs to (0, 1) represents the familiarity of people for the evacuation environment, 0 represents the lowest familiarity, and 1 represents the familiarity with the evacuation channel and the exit and entrance;
p belongs to [1, + ∞ ] represents the degree of panic and disability of the personnel, 1 represents very calm, and can be completely judged rationally according to the acquired information, and the larger P is, the more irrational is;
the monitoring center informs personnel accident occurrence places and accident types O e (0, 1) in the corridor through communication broadcasting to represent the instruction guide coefficient, the smaller the guide coefficient is, the smaller the effect of the communication system is, and the coefficient is close to 0, so that the failure of the communication system is represented;
c ∈ (0,1] denotes the mode of slave.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the emergency simulation scheme for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery comprises a parameter setting unit, a simulation platform determining unit, a simulation model constructing unit and a simulation result output unit, and provides a flow of the emergency guidance method for personnel evacuation when the emergency occurs in the comprehensive pipe gallery. According to the geometric parameters of the building in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the types of persons entering the gallery and basic data including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and the like and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system, an emergency simulation model is constructed, evacuation behaviors of the persons in the comprehensive pipe gallery are simulated, and an evacuation behavior simulation result of the persons in the emergency is obtained, so that reference is provided for an actual emergency evacuation emergency plan of the persons in the emergency, and the blank that no emergency simulation system or model suitable for the comprehensive pipe gallery exists is made up.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 2 shows a schematic modeling flow diagram in this embodiment.
The method for emergency simulation of the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s101, the parameter setting unit determines simulation parameters according to the technical standards of urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery engineering (GB50838-2015) and by combining the construction condition of the national comprehensive pipe gallery, the sex, age, weight and pace of personnel entering the gallery, and the characteristics of calm, tension, panic and the like in emergency.
Ideally: the minimum clear width of pedestrian passages in the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and the branch comprehensive pipe gallery is not less than 0.9 m; the length of each fire-proof subarea is 100-400m, wherein in the thermal power cabin, the length of the fire-proof subarea is not more than 400m, and the maximum distance for people evacuation is not more than 200 m; in the gas and power cabin and the comprehensive cabin, the length of a fire-proof subarea is not more than 200m, and the farthest distance for people evacuation is not more than 100 m. Escape openings are formed in two ends of each fireproof partition. The interior environmental sensing equipment real-time supervision environment of corridor and danger source state parameter include: temperature, humidity, concentration of harmful gases, concentration of oxygen, liquid level, etc. The corridor personnel form a single person, usually the corridor professional operation and maintenance maintainers, and the characteristic parameters of the personnel comprise the sex, age, weight and walking speed of the personnel; psychological features such as calm, stress and panic in case of emergency. According to the statistics of human body data of Chinese adults, 95 percent of Chinese men have the shoulder width of 40.3cm and the chest thickness of 24.5cm, and women have the shoulder width and the chest thickness smaller than those of men, and the occupied area of each pedestrian is 0.4m multiplied by 0.4m by correcting the dressing condition, which is a numerical value mostly adopted by a discrete microscopic simulation model in the academia at present. According to the research of the literature, the following steps are found: generally, the speed of a person is about under the condition of relaxation, and the speed can reach about under the condition of tension under the normal condition. Each time step is defined as one person can move only one time per time step, and each time step is in emergency.
S102, the simulation platform determining unit determines to use the NetLolo simulation platform according to the main application field of the platform, the included functional modules, the characteristics, reusability, easiness in learning and the like of whether the complex system evolving along with time is suitable for modeling.
S103, constructing a personnel behavior model by adopting a cellular automata theory according to the parameters determined in the step 1, the simulation platform determined in the step 2, the building geometric parameters, the corridor personnel types and basic data in the comprehensive pipe corridor, including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics, subordinate factors and the like in emergency situations, and an instruction guide coefficient of a communication system;
and S104, the simulation result output unit performs data processing through the simulation model constructed in the step 3 according to different emergency scene settings, such as normal work of a communication system or failure of the communication system, outputs simulation results of each scene, including average speed of people, evacuation time, statistics of the number of remaining people and the like, and outputs comparative analysis results of different scenes.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a processing flow of an emergency simulation model of an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery.
The processing flow of the emergency simulation model constructed for the emergency of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery in the step 3 in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s201, when an emergency occurs, an alarm system is started immediately;
s202, starting an alarm indicator lamp of each fireproof subarea in the pipe gallery;
s203, the monitoring center receives the alarm information;
s204, judging whether the communication system works normally, if the communication system works normally, entering a step S205, otherwise, entering a step S206;
s205, the monitoring center informs personnel accident positions and types in the corridor through calling a knowledge base and a comprehensive database, reduces influence of psychological factors of the personnel, and constructs an instructive personnel behavior model by using a cellular automaton theory;
s206, constructing a self-judgment behavior model of the person by using a cellular automata theory according to the sex, age, weight, pace and psychological characteristics of the person such as calmness, tension, panic and the like under emergency conditions;
and S207, finishing simulation after safe evacuation.
According to the embodiment, the geometric parameters, the personnel characteristic parameters and the environmental and hazardous state parameters in the comprehensive pipe rack are considered, the emergency personnel evacuation behavior simulation result can be obtained, reference is provided for the actual emergency personnel evacuation emergency plan, and the blank that no emergency simulation system or model suitable for the comprehensive pipe rack exists is made up.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an emergent simulation system of city utility tunnel emergency, a serial communication port, emergent simulation system of city utility tunnel emergency includes: the simulation system comprises a parameter setting unit, a simulation platform determining unit, a simulation model constructing unit and a simulation result output unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the parameter setting unit is used for determining simulation parameters according to the technical standards of urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery engineering (GB50838-2015) by combining the construction condition of the national comprehensive pipe gallery, the sex, age, weight and pace of personnel entering the gallery and the characteristics of calm, tension and panic of the personnel in emergency;
the simulation platform determination unit is used for determining a simulation platform according to the main application field of the platform, the included functional modules and the characteristic of whether the complex system evolving along with time is suitable for modeling;
the simulation model building unit is used for building a cellular automaton personnel behavior model by adopting a cellular automaton theory according to the simulation parameters determined by the parameter setting unit and the simulation platform determined by the simulation platform determining unit, and according to the building geometric parameters, the corridor personnel types and basic data in the comprehensive pipe corridor, including sex, age, weight, walking speed, distance from an exit, calming, tension and panic psychological characteristics in emergency, follower factors and instruction guide coefficients of a communication system;
the simulation result output unit is used for carrying out data processing through the cellular automata personnel behavior model constructed by the simulation model construction unit according to different emergency scene settings, outputting the simulation results of each scene, including personnel average speed data, evacuation time data and detained people number statistical data, and outputting comparative analysis results of different scenes.
2. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 1, wherein in the working process of the simulation model building unit, the specific problems can be simplified due to the simulation based on cellular automata compared with the simulation based on multi-agent and the simulation based on system dynamics, and since most of the cells are single and uniform individuals, the system is suitable for simulation processing of the narrow and long underground space of the few people in the utility tunnel, and therefore, the personnel behavior model is built by adopting the cellular automata theory.
3. The urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery emergency simulation system according to claim 1, wherein in the working process of the simulation model building unit, the modeling method of the cellular automata personnel behavior model is as follows:
dividing a building space into unit cells, wherein the unit cells are abstract expressions of terrain, simulating the movement of personnel through the movement of cells among the unit cells, each unit cell can be occupied by the personnel or can be empty, and the personnel calculate the entry probability of the unit cells according to a probability model;
the size of the cell is determined according to the projection area of the human body, only one person can enter each cell at each time step, the cell entered by each person at the next moment is determined by the state of the surrounding lattice points and the target point, and the person selects to enter the cell at the next step according to a specific rule.
4. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 3, wherein the specific rule is: each cell has a preference direction, a preference matrix is established to represent the probability of the cell moving to the periphery of the cell, and the preference direction is determined through the probability model;
defining a preference matrix according to the actual requirements of the urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, wherein the cells in the matrix are abstract expressions of terrain, and determining that persons entering the gallery can move towards the directions of 5 cells around according to the geometric space limitation of the comprehensive pipe gallery and the average shoulder width and chest thickness of a human body, wherein the movement probability in each direction is different; the above-mentioned 5 cells in the periphery include: left side, left front, right side.
5. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 4, wherein the probability model is calculated in the following manner:
6. the urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 5, wherein P is PijRepresenting the probability of a person moving towards a cell (i, j)。
7. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 6, wherein k is kijThe normalization coefficient is set to make the sum of the probabilities of the 5 surrounding cells and the 6 cells in the surrounding cells equal to 1;
Bijindicates the number of people in cell (i, j) at time t, Bij1 means occupied, not accessible, Bij0 means unoccupied and may be entered.
8. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 7, wherein d is dijRepresents the distance of the cell (i, j) to the exit;
maxdijrepresenting a maximum distance value of the cell from the exit;
mindijrepresenting a cell minimum distance value from the exit; the closer the exit, the greater the probability of entering the cell.
9. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 8, wherein F ∈ (0, 1) indicates familiarity of people with evacuation environment, 0 indicates minimum familiarity, and 1 indicates familiarity with evacuation channels and entrances and exits;
p belongs to [1, + ∞ ] represents the degree of panic and disability of the personnel, 1 represents very calm, and can be completely judged rationally according to the acquired information, and the larger P is, the more irrational is;
the monitoring center informs personnel in the corridor of the accident occurrence place and the accident type O e (0, 1) through communication broadcasting, wherein the instruction guide coefficient is represented, the smaller the guide coefficient is, the smaller the action of the communication system is, and the coefficient close to 0 represents that the communication system fails.
10. The urban underground utility tunnel emergency simulation system according to claim 9, wherein C e (0, 1) represents the mode of slaves.
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