CN110833445A

CN110833445A - External rib fixing device for flail chest field first aid

Info

Publication number: CN110833445A
Application number: CN201911179185.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 虞文魁; 卢慧敏; 陈鸣
Original assignee: Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Current assignee: Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Priority date: 2019-11-27
Filing date: 2019-11-27
Publication date: 2020-02-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a rib external fixing device for flail chest field first aid, which comprises a fixing plate, a nut, a plurality of screws and a fixing ring, wherein the internal thread of the nut is matched with the external thread of the screw, a plurality of holes are distributed on the fixing plate, the bending radian of the fixing plate is adjustable, and the bending radian of the fixing plate is adjusted to adapt to different chest wall radians. The device is convenient to carry and can be used for on-site treatment; the operation is simple, and the chest wall can be fixed quickly; and does not restrict chest breathing.

Description

External rib fixing device for flail chest field first aid

Technical Field

The invention belongs to medical instruments, and particularly relates to a rib external fixation device for flail chest field first aid.

Background

Rib fractures and lung contusions are common chest wounds, and severe closed chest wounds easily cause multiple rib fractures, so that the local chest wall loses rib support to form a flail chest. Flail chest can cause instability and even collapse of the thoracic bone structure, abnormal respiration and mediastinal swing, aggravate lung injury, affect respiratory and circulatory functions, and possibly cause asphyxia in severe cases. Therefore, the first aid treatment of flail chest requires effective stabilization of chest wall, recovery of chest volume, pain relief, and finally improvement of ventilation and respiratory function recovery of the injured person in time. Although internal fixation has significant advantages in fracture reduction, pain relief, shortening of treatment cycle, etc., external fixation, which is relatively simple to operate, has become the first choice for trauma first aid due to the environmental limitations of on-site treatment.

Currently, there are three main ways for external fixation of flail chest: the three methods of steel wire needle suture, hand towel forceps traction and multi-head belt full chest wall belt cushion pressurization have some operation defects, however, the steel wire needle suture needs a certain sterile environment and easily damages intercostal blood vessels and lung tissues when the steel wire needle suture is sutured to the lower edge of the rib. The tissue forceps traction method has serious injury to soft tissues and muscle tissues and is easy to cause local infection. The multi-head belt full chest wall belt cushion pressurization method is convenient to operate, but limits breathing movement, reduces the volume of the chest cavity, and is not beneficial to the recovery of the breathing function of a patient. In addition, none of the above methods are suitable for implementation in first aid on site. Chinese patent CN107510498A discloses a locking compression chest wall external fixation device, which achieves the purpose of active fixation by inserting an expansion ball in the chest wall, pulling outward to jack up the softened and collapsed chest wall, and pressing outward on an external fixation plate, however, the expansion action of the expansion ball in the device reduces the volume of the chest cavity, and restricts the breathing of the patient.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a flail chest field first-aid rib external fixation device which is convenient to carry and simple to operate and does not limit breathing.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a flail chest scene first aid rib external fixation device, includes fixed plate, nut, screw, solid fixed ring, and the internal thread of nut matches with the external screw thread of screw, and evenly distributed has a plurality of holes on the fixed plate, and the crooked radian of fixed plate is adjustable, adjusts the crooked radian of fixed plate in order to adapt to different chest wall radians.

The fixed plate is a long-strip-shaped fixed plate, a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed in the fixed plate along the length direction, the fixed plate is arranged into a long strip shape, the plurality of holes can be formed in the long direction of the fixed plate, and adjacent ribs cannot be influenced when the fixed plate is installed.

The hole of the fixing plate is internally provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the screw, so that the screw can be conveniently fixed to avoid sliding.

The fixing ring is a C-shaped fixing ring, and the C-shaped fixing ring is buckled around the screw and is convenient to remove from the screw.

The height of the fixing ring is 4mm, so that the depth of screwing the screw into the rib can be controlled to be 4 mm.

The nut is sleeved on the screw, and the length of the screw screwed into the body is changed by rotating the nut so as to adapt to different chest wall thicknesses.

The fixing ring is made of plastic stainless steel or titanium alloy materials, so that the fixing ring can be conveniently buckled and removed on the screw.

The number of the screw caps and the number of the screws are the same, so that each screw cap matched with each screw cap is arranged on each screw.

More than one screw is fixed at both ends of the fixing plate to ensure firm fixation.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the portable thoracic cavity fixator is convenient to carry, suitable for on-site treatment, simple and convenient to operate, and capable of rapidly fixing ribs and recovering the integrity of the thoracic wall; (2) the volume of the thoracic cavity can not be influenced, and the recovery of the respiratory function of the patient is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw of the present invention screwed to the surface of a rib;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the screw of the present invention as it is passed through the surface of a rib.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the fixing plate comprises a fixing plate 1, a nut 2, a screw 3 and a fixing ring 4, wherein the inner thread of the nut 2 is matched with the outer thread of the screw 3, a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the fixing plate 1, and the inner thread matched with the outer thread of the screw 3 is arranged in the hole of the fixing plate 1, so that the screw is conveniently fixed and prevented from sliding off. The curvature of the fixing plate 1 is adjustable, and the curvature of the fixing plate 1 is adjusted to adapt to different chest wall curvatures. In this embodiment, the fixing plate 1 is made of a plastic stainless steel or titanium alloy material, so as to facilitate bending. The nut 2 is sleeved on the screw 3, and the length of the screw 3 screwed into the body is changed by rotating the nut 2 so as to adapt to different chest wall thicknesses. The fixing ring 4 is a C-shaped fixing ring which is buckled around the screw 3, so that the fixing ring can be conveniently removed from the screw 3. The height of the C-shaped fixing ring is 4mm, and the depth of the screw screwed into the rib is controlled to be 4 mm. The number of the screw caps 2 and the number of the screws 3 are the same, so that each screw cap is matched with each screw cap. More than one screw 3 is fixed at both ends of the fixing plate 1 to ensure firm fixation. The fixing plate 1, the screw cap 2, the screw 3 and the fixing ring 4 are all subjected to aseptic packaging for later use after strict disinfection and sterilization treatment.

When in use, the wounded chest wall is fully exposed, the skin of the fracture part of the wounded is disinfected by iodophor, and the sterilization device bag is disassembled according to the aseptic operation principle; then, the radian of the fixing plate 1 is adjusted according to the thoracic radian of the fracture part to be fit with the chest wall 5 as much as possible, in the embodiment, the radian of the fixing plate 1 is adjusted by using steel plate bending forceps; secondly, roughly estimating the thickness of the chest wall 5 of the wounded, rotating a nut 3 according to the thickness of the chest wall 5 to adjust the screwing-in length of a screw 2, placing a fixing plate 1 on the chest wall 5 to cross over the fracture broken end, placing the tip of the screw 2 above a corresponding hole of the fixing plate 1, as shown in figure 2, using a screwdriver to screw the screw 2 from the hole of the fixing plate 1 to the cortical surface of the rib 6 through the chest wall 5, sleeving a C-shaped fixing ring 4 on the screw 2, attaching the lower end of the fixing ring 4 to the upper end of the fixing plate 1, and screwing the nut 3 to attach the lower end of the nut 3 to the upper end of the C-shaped fixing ring; as shown in fig. 3, the C-shaped fixing ring 4 is removed, and the screw 2 is screwed into the rib 6 by the screwdriver until the nut 3 is attached to the arc-shaped plate 1, and fixed to the broken end of the rib 6 at one side, and the screw is fixed at the other side by the same method. According to the requirement, 2-3 screws can be fixed at two ends of the fixing plate at two sides of the broken end so as to ensure firm fixation.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a flail chest scene first aid rib external fixation device, includes fixed plate (1), nut (2), a plurality of screw (3), solid fixed ring (4), and the internal thread of nut (2) and the external screw thread of screw (3) mutually support, and it has a plurality of holes to distribute on fixed plate (1), and the crooked radian of fixed plate (1) is adjustable, adjusts the crooked radian of fixed plate (1) in order to adapt to different chest wall radians.

2. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the fixing plate (1) is a strip-shaped fixing plate, and a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the fixing plate (1) along the length direction.

3. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: and an internal thread matched with the external thread of the screw (3) is arranged in the hole of the fixing plate (1).

4. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the fixing ring (4) is a C-shaped fixing ring, and the C-shaped fixing ring is buckled around the screw (3).

5. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the height of the fixing ring (1) is 4 mm.

6. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the nut (2) is sleeved on the screw (3), and the length of the screw (3) screwed into the body is changed by rotating the nut (2) so as to adapt to different chest wall thicknesses.

7. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the fixing ring (4) is made of plastic stainless steel or titanium alloy materials.

8. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: the number of the screw caps (2) is the same as that of the screws (3).

9. The flail chest field emergency rib external fixation device of claim 1 wherein: more than one screw (3) is fixed at both ends of the fixing plate (1).