CN110832983A

CN110832983A - Peanut full-feeding harvesting and picking device

Info

Publication number: CN110832983A
Application number: CN201810939148.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李红
Original assignee: Chengdu Jinluyong Building Materials Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Jinluyong Building Materials Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-16
Filing date: 2018-08-16
Publication date: 2020-02-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut full-feeding harvesting and picking device which comprises a grain presser, a picking mechanism, a grass sliding plate, an auger and a rack, wherein the picking mechanism comprises a picking elastic tooth, an elastic tooth rotating shaft and a shaft head, the picking elastic tooth is arranged on the elastic tooth rotating shaft, the shaft head is arranged on the rack, the grain presser is arranged on the rack at the front end of the grass sliding plate and is parallel to the picking mechanism, the auger is arranged behind the picking mechanism, and the grass sliding plate is arranged between the auger and the picking mechanism. The peanut harvester adopts the automatic device, the stirring faucet, the grain presser, the pickup mechanism and other mechanisms, can quickly catch peanuts, greatly reduces the possibility of missed detection, saves the labor cost and shortens the working time.

Description

Peanut full-feeding harvesting and picking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machine manufacturing, in particular to a full-feeding peanut harvesting and picking device.

Background

Peanuts are used as important oil crops and high-quality protein resources, and the planting area and the yield of the peanuts in China are in the front of the world. According to the statistics of Chinese statistics yearbook, the planting area of peanuts in 2015 in China is 6923.6 ten thousand mu, the yield is 1644 thousand tons, and the peanuts are respectively positioned at the second place in the world and the first place in the world. The large-scale planting is carried out in only a few countries such as the United states in developed countries, and the planting area 626khm in 2016²The peanut planting area accounts for 2.46 percent of the peanut planting area in the world. In China, peanuts are widely planted and mainly concentrated in regions such as Henan, Shandong, Guangdong, Hebei, Liaoning, Anhui, Jiangsu and the like, the number of planted peanut varieties is more than 300, the planting modes are various, and by analyzing and comparing provinces, the planting area of the peanuts in Henan of 2015 is 1614.6 ten thousand mu, which accounts for 23.32% of the total area of the whole country, the yield is 485-31 ten thousand tons, and the yield accounts for 29.25% of the total yield of the whole country. Although China has wide planting area and large export output,however, most of the regions are mainly produced manually and semi-mechanically, and particularly in the harvesting operation link, the labor amount accounts for 1/3 in the whole production process, and the operation cost accounts for 50% of the total production cost; meanwhile, with the development of urbanization, the loss of young rural labor force is serious, so that the labor cost in rural areas is increased, and the production development of the peanut industry is severely restricted. There are limitations to the work adaptability of the machine. Two-section harvesting machinery is produced on the basis of the two-section harvesting machinery, and the two-section harvesting machinery is used as an effective supplement for combined harvesting. Peanut harvesting is a typical two-stage mode of harvesting in the united states, developing maturity, representing the highest level of mechanical harvesting of peanuts. However, the problems of serious missing picking rate and dropping rate appear after the peanut picking device is introduced domestically, and the purchase cost is high, so that the peanut full-feeding harvesting picking device is developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a peanut full-feeding harvesting and picking device which adopts an automatic device, a stirring faucet, a grain presser, a picking mechanism and other mechanisms, can quickly catch peanuts, greatly reduces the possibility of missed detection, saves the labor cost and accelerates the working time.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a device is picked up in full-feeding results of peanut, is including pressing standing grain ware, pickup mechanism, smooth grass board, screw feeder and frame, pickup mechanism including picking up bullet tooth, play tooth pivot and spindle nose, it sets up in bullet tooth pivot to pick up bullet tooth, the spindle nose sets up in the frame, press standing grain ware setting parallel with pickup mechanism in the frame of smooth grass board front end, the screw feeder sets up at the pickup mechanism rear, smooth grass board sets up between screw feeder and pickup mechanism.

Further, as preferred technical scheme, the screw feeder include preceding screw feeder spindle nose, back screw feeder spindle nose, barrel and helical blade, left and right sides helical blade symmetrical arrangement on the barrel, the barrel both ends are respectively with bolted connection preceding screw feeder spindle nose and back screw feeder spindle nose.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the grain presser comprises: the grass pressing rod, the mounting cross beam and the left and right adjusting support arms are arranged at two ends of the mounting cross beam and connected with the machine frame, and the grass pressing rod and the picking elastic teeth are arranged on the mounting cross beam in a staggered mode.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the rack includes: the harvesting and picking device comprises a right frame, a left frame, a middle connecting supporting rod and a hanging structure, wherein the left frame and the right frame are symmetrically arranged at two ends, the middle connecting supporting rod is connected with the left frame and the right frame, and the hanging structure is arranged at a harvesting and picking device interface.

Further, as an optimal technical scheme, an auger bottom plate is further arranged below the auger, the auger bottom plate is symmetrically distributed, the included angle between the symmetrical long waist hole structure and the side edge is 45 degrees, the space between the auger bottom plate is bent into a curved surface to form an arc surface enveloping the auger blades, two rectangles bent into a vertical angle are arranged at the joint end of the auger bottom plate and the grass sliding plate, one rectangle is matched with the excessive assembly surface, and the other rectangle is excessive with the arc surface.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the peanut harvester adopts the automatic device, the stirring faucet, the grain presser, the pickup mechanism and other mechanisms, can quickly catch peanuts, greatly reduces the possibility of missed detection, saves the labor cost and shortens the working time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the pick-up mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the pick-up mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the grain presser of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a grain presser; 2. a pickup mechanism; 3. a grass sliding plate; 4. a frame; 5. a screw conveyor; 6. a depth wheel; 7. picking up the elastic teeth; 8. a spring tooth rotating shaft; 9. a shaft head; 10. angle steel mounting plates; 11. a rotation axis; 12. positioning a plate; 13. a left support arm; 14. mounting a cross beam; 15. a grass pressing rod; 16. the right adjusting support arm.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a peanut full-feeding results pickup attachment, including pushing up standing grain ware 1, pickup mechanism 2, smooth grass board 3, screw feeder 5 and frame 4, pickup mechanism 2 including pick up bullet tooth 7, play tooth pivot 8 and spindle nose 9, pick up bullet tooth 7 and set up in bullet tooth pivot 8, spindle nose 9 sets up in frame 4, push up standing grain ware 1 and set up in frame 4 of 3 front ends of smooth grass board and be parallel with pickup mechanism 2, screw feeder 5 sets up in pickup mechanism 2 rear, smooth grass board 3 sets up between screw feeder 5 and pickup mechanism 2.

Screw feeder 5 includes preceding screw feeder 5 spindle nose 9, back screw feeder 5 spindle nose 9, barrel and helical blade, about helical blade symmetrical arrangement on the barrel, the barrel both ends have preceding screw feeder 5 spindle nose 9 and back screw feeder 5 spindle nose 9 with bolted connection respectively. Preferably, the principle that the circumference of a cylinder is larger than the length of crops is generally followed to avoid the crops from being wound, the height of peanut seedlings is generally 350-600 mm, and the structure of the harvesting table is compact at the same time. In order to prevent peanut seedlings from being blocked at the inlet of the middle conveying device and improve the uniformity of backward conveying, the left and right screws are symmetrically connected at the midpoint of the auger 5, and the phase difference is 1800 phases. The working surface of the helical blade is a helical surface formed by rotating a line segment perpendicular to the shaft around the central shaft and simultaneously moving at a constant speed along the axial direction. The axial distance formed by one rotation is called the pitch, the pitches of all points of the blade are the same, but the lead angles of all points are different due to different diameters, namely the pitch angle is the smallest at the outermost point of the blade, the pitch angle is the largest at the inner diameter, and the balance is between the two. When the auger 5 moves, the contact between peanut seedlings and spiral leaf surfaces is quite complicated, but the peanut seedlings can be basically analyzed into a point, line and surface combination form. During the movement process, the peanut seedlings are ensured to transversely move towards the middle, and the gravity center action line of the peanut seedlings is also ensured to be conveyed towards the middle. Therefore, the movement of the peanut seedlings can be regarded as the movement of the gravity centers of the peanut seedlings.

As shown in fig. 4, the grain presser 1 includes: the grass pressing rod 15, the mounting beam 14 and the left and right adjusting support arms 16 are arranged, the left and right adjusting support arms 16 are arranged at two ends of the mounting beam 14 and connected with the machine frame 4, and the grass pressing rod 15 and the picking elastic teeth 7 are arranged on the mounting beam 14 in a staggered mode.

The frame 4 includes: the harvesting and picking device comprises a right frame, a left frame, a middle connecting supporting rod and a hanging structure, wherein the left frame and the right frame are symmetrically arranged at two ends, the middle connecting supporting rod is connected with the left frame and the right frame, and the hanging structure is arranged at a harvesting and picking device interface. The left frame and the right frame are basically symmetrically distributed and mainly undertake the installation of a pickup device, a conveying auger 5, a middle connecting support rod and a gearbox; the middle connecting support rod is connected with the left frame and the right frame and comprises a bottom plate mounting rack of an auger 5, a grass sliding mounting rack and a grass sliding plate 3 supporting cross rack; in order to adapt to transportation conditions, the wide harvesting platform must be quickly detached from and mounted on the whole machine, so that a hanging structure is mounted at the interface of the harvesting platform and the conveying device.

An auger 5 bottom plate is further arranged below the auger 5, the auger 5 bottom plates are symmetrically distributed, the symmetrical long waist hole structures and the side included angles are 45 degrees, the curved surface is bent between the auger 5 bottom plates to form an arc surface enveloping the 5 blades of the auger, two rectangles with vertical angles are bent at the intersection end of the auger 5 bottom plates and the grass sliding plate 3, one rectangle is matched with the excessive assembly surface, and the other rectangle is excessive with the arc surface. The bottom plate of the auger 5 is mainly used for supporting the peanut seedlings, conveying the peanut seedlings to the middle rear direction by matching with the auger 5, and assisting the peanut seedlings to be separated from the elastic teeth by matching with the grass sliding plate 3.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the roller elastic-tooth type pickup mechanism 2 mainly comprises a central spindle, a supporting disk, an elastic-tooth supporting tube, a crank, a roller, a track disk, elastic teeth and the like, wherein power is transmitted from the spindle, the elastic-tooth supporting tube provided with the elastic teeth is driven to rotate by the supporting disks on two sides, the crank provided with the roller is arranged at one end of the elastic-tooth supporting tube and forms a fixed angle with the elastic teeth, the roller is arranged in the track of the track disk, the roller moves along the track of the track disk along with the rotation of the elastic-tooth supporting tube, the swinging of the crank is controlled, different swinging of the elastic teeth in the rotation process is realized, and different postures of picking, lifting, seedling throwing, tooth shrinking and the like. The grass sliding plate 3 is mainly matched with the picking elastic teeth 7 to control the peanut seedlings to be smoothly picked and lifted, smoothly convey the peanut seedlings to the auger 5 device, and simultaneously, are connected with the grain pressing device 1 and the auger 5 bottom plate, so that the working smoothness of the picking harvesting table is directly influenced. In conventional roll pickups, the skimming plate 3 is essentially integral to the pickup as a component of the unit. In the research, the grass sliding plate 3 is connected with the picking harvesting table frame 4 and is independent from the picking device, and the arrangement form is simple and convenient to maintain. The grass sliding plate 3 is mainly composed of two arcs and three straight lines, envelops the pickup device, and prevents the fruit seedlings from entering the pickup device and being wound. The front end of the grass sliding plate 3 is provided with a row of grain pressing devices 1 to ensure that elastic teeth press and pick loose peanut seedlings, and meanwhile, the arc-shaped grain pressing devices 1 extend to the supporting and conveying end of the grass sliding plate 3 to ensure that the grain pressing devices move close to the grass sliding plate 3 to prevent throwing loss. The tail end of the grass sliding plate 3 extends obliquely backwards and downwards, the fruit seedlings are separated from the elastic teeth, the downward inclination angle reduces the included angle between the elastic teeth and the grass sliding plate 3, component force along the grass sliding plate 3 is provided, the speed of the fruit seedlings towards the auger 5 is increased, and therefore the probability that the fruit seedlings are stuck is reduced. Meanwhile, the part of the device is also the joint with the bottom plate of the circular arc plate of the auger 5, and the grass sliding plate 3 bracket with the height difference is arranged at the joint, so that the separating capacity of the fruit seedlings and the elastic teeth is further improved.

The present specification and figures are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it is intended that all such alterations and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention, and that all such modifications and variations are included within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims without the use of inventive faculty.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a peanut full-feeding results pickup attachment, includes presses grass ware (1), pickup mechanism (2), smooth grass board (3), screw feeder (5) and frame (4), its characterized in that, pickup mechanism (2) including picking up bullet tooth (7), play tooth pivot (8) and spindle nose (9), it plays tooth (7) setting and is playing tooth pivot (8) to pick up, spindle nose (9) set up in frame (4), press grass ware (1) to set up in frame (4) of smooth grass board (3) front end on parallel with pickup mechanism (2), screw feeder (5) set up at pickup mechanism (2) rear, smooth grass board (3) set up between screw feeder (5) and pickup mechanism (2).

2. A peanut full-feeding harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the auger (5) includes a front auger shaft head, a rear auger shaft head, a barrel and helical blades, the left and right helical blades are symmetrically arranged on the barrel, and the front auger shaft head and the rear auger shaft head are respectively connected to two ends of the barrel through bolts.

3. A peanut full-feed harvesting pickup device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said crop presser (1) comprises: press grass pole (15), installation crossbeam (14) and control and adjust the support arm, control and adjust the support arm and install and connect frame (4) at installation crossbeam (14) both ends, press grass pole (15) and pick up and play tooth (7) staggered arrangement ground and set up on installation crossbeam (14).

4. A peanut full-feed harvesting pickup assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said frame (4) includes: the harvesting and picking device comprises a right frame, a left frame, a middle connecting supporting rod and a hanging structure, wherein the left frame and the right frame are symmetrically arranged at two ends, the middle connecting supporting rod is connected with the left frame and the right frame, and the hanging structure is arranged at a harvesting and picking device interface.

5. The peanut full-feeding harvesting and picking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an auger bottom plate is further arranged below the auger, the auger bottom plates are symmetrically distributed, the included angle between the symmetrical long waist hole structure and the side edge is 45 degrees, the space between the auger bottom plates is bent into a curved surface to form an arc surface enveloping the auger blades, two rectangles bent into a vertical angle are arranged at the connection end with the grass sliding plate, one rectangle is matched with the excessive assembly surface, and the other rectangle is excessive with the arc surface.