CN110829777B - Miniature permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity - Google Patents
Miniature permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829777B CN110829777B CN201910997731.0A CN201910997731A CN110829777B CN 110829777 B CN110829777 B CN 110829777B CN 201910997731 A CN201910997731 A CN 201910997731A CN 110829777 B CN110829777 B CN 110829777B
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
- H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, which comprises a yoke (1), a permanent magnet (2), a lower magnetic pole piece (3), an upper magnetic pole piece (4) and a coil (5), wherein the lower magnetic pole piece (1) is positioned at the bottommost part, the permanent magnet (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower magnetic pole piece (3), the upper magnetic pole piece (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the permanent magnet (2), the yoke (1) is connected with the lower magnetic pole piece (3), a permanent magnetic air gap (6) is formed between the yoke (1) and the upper magnetic pole piece (4), and the coil (5) is positioned in the permanent magnetic air gap (6). The invention adopts a torquer structure form of a plurality of magnetic pole pieces, variable cross-section permanent magnets or variable cross-section magnetic pole pieces, so that the yoke can contain a larger permanent magnet in a small volume, the cross-sectional area of the torquer permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of a magnetic circuit are improved, and the air gap magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet magnetic circuit is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible pendulum accelerometers, and particularly relates to a miniaturized permanent magnet torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity for an inertial navigation accelerometer.
Background
The flexible accelerometer for inertial navigation is a core sensitive device of an inertial navigation system, and with the continuous progress of modern aviation technology, high precision, wide range and miniaturization become new requirements for the development of the flexible accelerometer. The volume and the measuring range of the accelerometer are closely related to the coefficient of the accelerometer torquer and the volume of the accelerometer, so that the aim of realizing the large-measuring-range and miniaturization of the accelerometer is fulfilled, the air gap magnetic field intensity of the accelerometer needs to be improved, the volume of the accelerometer is reduced, and the technical bottleneck of the accelerometer is realized by designing the accelerometer which meets the characteristics of large-measuring-range and miniaturization.
The torquer is composed of two parts, one part is a permanent magnetic circuit composed of a permanent magnet, a magnetic pole piece and a yoke, and the other part is a conductive coil fixed on the pendulous reed of the accelerometer. The torquer coefficient of the accelerometer permanent magnetic torquer is improved by two methods, namely increasing the number of turns of a coil and improving the air gap magnetic field intensity of a permanent magnetic circuit. Increase the torquer coefficient to a certain extent through increasing the coil number of turns, nevertheless can bring structural stability problem and coil problem of generating heat simultaneously, so the coil number of turns should not increase too much, adopts the method of promoting air gap magnetic field intensity to increase the torquer coefficient usually. In order to improve the air gap magnetic field intensity of the torquer and reduce the volume of the torquer, the permanent magnetic circuit structure of the permanent magnetic torquer needs to be designed and improved again.
At present, a structural form consisting of a yoke, a permanent magnet and a single magnetic pole piece is adopted for the quartz flexible accelerometer, the size of the permanent magnet is greatly limited by the structural size of the yoke, the air gap magnetic field intensity is difficult to improve in a limited volume, and in order to increase the air gap magnetic field intensity, the volume of the yoke and the volume of the permanent magnet must be increased, so that the high air gap magnetic field intensity and the miniaturization cannot be compatible.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized high-air-gap-field-strength permanent-magnet torquer for an accelerometer, so as to effectively increase the range of the accelerometer and reduce the volume of the accelerometer.
The invention relates to a miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, which comprises a yoke iron, a permanent magnet, an upper magnetic pole piece, a lower magnetic pole piece and a coil, wherein the lower magnetic pole piece is positioned at the bottommost part of the structure, the permanent magnet is fixed on the upper surface of the lower magnetic pole piece, and the upper magnetic pole piece is fixed on the upper surface of the permanent magnet, so that the permanent magnet, the lower magnetic pole piece and the upper magnetic pole piece form a permanent magnetic assembly. The yoke iron is connected with the lower magnetic pole piece, a permanent magnetic air gap is formed between the yoke iron and the upper magnetic pole piece, and the coil is located in the permanent magnetic air gap. When the permanent magnetic torquer works, the coil is fixed on the accelerometer pendulum piece through the coil cushion block.
In the miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, the yoke iron is a magnetic conduction structure with a plurality of layers of step-shaped through holes, the diameter of the upper part of each step hole is small, the diameter of the lower part of each step hole is large, and the lower magnetic pole piece is connected with the step-shaped through holes of the yoke iron.
In the miniaturized high air gap field strength permanent magnet torquer according to the present invention, the permanent magnet may be a cylindrical or variable cross-section solid of revolution structure, wherein the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area to the minimum cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure is typically greater than 1.2. Similarly, the upper pole piece may be a cylindrical or variable cross-section solid of revolution structure, wherein the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area to the minimum cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure is typically greater than 1.2. In addition, the variable cross section composition form of the variable cross section revolution body structure can be a cylinder + a cylinder, a cylinder + a circular truncated cone or other forms.
In the miniaturized high air gap magnetic field strength permanent magnetic torquer according to the invention, the lower magnetic pole piece is of a cylindrical structure.
In the miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, a permanent magnetic component is composed of a lower magnetic pole piece, a permanent magnet and an upper magnetic pole piece, the permanent magnet is fixed on the lower magnetic pole piece, the upper magnetic pole piece is fixed on the permanent magnet, and the fixing mode is bonding or glass sintering. When glass sintering is used, the structure may be stabilized at a temperature above 200 ℃ and below the curie temperature of the permanent magnet.
In the miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, the permanent magnetic component is fixedly connected to the yoke iron by gluing, glass sintering or welding (such as laser welding). When glass sintering or laser welding is used, the structure may be stabilized at a temperature greater than 200 ℃ and less than the curie temperature of the permanent magnet.
In the miniaturized permanent magnet torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity, a yoke step hole, a permanent magnet, an upper magnetic pole piece, a lower magnetic pole piece and a coil are coaxially arranged, and the coaxiality is controlled, and particularly, when the coaxiality is controlled to be below 0.02mm, particularly 0.01mm, the permanent magnet torquer has better linearity.
The permanent magnet torquer adopts a torquer structure form of a plurality of magnetic pole pieces, variable cross-section permanent magnets or variable cross-section magnetic pole pieces, so that a yoke of the accelerometer torquer can contain a larger permanent magnet in a small volume, the cross section of the permanent magnet of the accelerometer and the magnetic flux of a magnetic circuit are improved, the air gap magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet magnetic circuit is obviously improved, the coefficient of the accelerometer torquer is further improved, the range of the accelerometer is increased, and the volume of the accelerometer is reduced. The accelerometer can meet the design requirements of large range and miniaturization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a permanent magnetic torquer of an accelerometer, according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnetic torquer of an accelerometer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet or upper pole piece having a variable cross-section solid of revolution configuration in yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of an accelerometer permanent magnetic torquer according to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the permanent magnet and the upper pole piece are both of variable cross-section solid of revolution structures.
Wherein: 1-yoke iron, 2-permanent magnet, 3-lower magnetic pole piece, 4-upper magnetic pole piece, 5-coil and 6-permanent magnet air gap
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a permanent magnetic torquer of an accelerometer according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure thereof. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the accelerometer permanent magnetic torquer includes a yoke 1, a permanent magnet 2, a lower pole piece 3, an upper pole piece 4 and a coil 5. Wherein lower magnetic pole piece 3 is located the bottommost of this structure, and permanent magnet 2 is fixed in lower magnetic pole piece 3 upper surface through gluing, and last magnetic pole piece 4 is fixed in permanent magnet 2 upper surface through gluing. Thus, the permanent magnet 2, the lower pole piece 3 and the upper pole piece 4 form a permanent magnet assembly and are connected with the step hole of the yoke iron through the lower pole piece 3. A permanent magnet air gap 6 is formed between the yoke iron 1 and the upper magnetic pole piece 4, and the coil 5 is positioned in the permanent magnet air gap 6. When the permanent magnetic torquer works, the coil 5 is fixed on the accelerometer pendulum piece through the coil cushion block. The step hole of the yoke 1, the permanent magnet 2, the lower pole piece 3, the upper pole piece 4 and the coil 5 are required to maintain coaxiality and control the coaxiality, and particularly when the coaxiality is controlled to be less than 0.02mm, particularly 0.01mm, the torquer has better linearity.
In addition, when the permanent magnet 2, the lower magnetic pole piece 3 and the upper magnetic pole piece 4 are fixedly connected, the adopted fixed connection mode can adopt glass sintering and the like besides the above-mentioned gluing. When glass sintering is used, the structure may be stabilized at a temperature above 200 ℃ and below the curie temperature of the permanent magnet. When the magnetic steel assembly consisting of the permanent magnet 2, the lower magnetic pole piece 3 and the upper magnetic pole piece 4 is connected with the yoke through the lower magnetic pole piece 3 and the yoke step hole, the connection mode can adopt glue joint, glass sintering or welding, especially laser welding. In this case, too, when glass sintering or laser welding is employed, the structure may be subjected to a stabilization treatment at a temperature of more than 200 ℃ and less than the curie temperature of the permanent magnet.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a yoke 1 is a magnetic conductive structure having a multi-layered stepped through hole, the stepped through hole having a small diameter at an upper portion and a large diameter at a lower portion. In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 2 has a cylindrical structure, and the upper pole piece 4 and the lower pole piece 3 also have a cylindrical structure.
However, the structures of the permanent magnet 2 and the upper pole piece 4 are not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet 2 and/or the upper pole piece 4 may be a variable cross-section solid of revolution structure, in which case the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area to the minimum cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure is typically greater than 1.2. In addition, the variable cross section composition form of the variable cross section revolution body structure can be a cylinder + a cylinder, a cylinder + a circular truncated cone or other forms. The variable cross-section component of the cylinder + truncated cone is shown, for example, in fig. 3. Strictly speaking, the upper pole piece 4 shown in fig. 1 and 2 is also of variable section solid of revolution structure, whose variable section formation is cylinder + cylinder. Fig. 4 shows a case where the permanent magnet 2 and the upper pole piece 4 each have a variable cross-section solid of revolution structure in another embodiment of the present invention. In the case where one or both of the permanent magnet 2 and the upper pole piece 4 are of a variable cross-section solid of revolution structure, the number of stepped holes of the yoke 1 should be adjusted accordingly, as shown in fig. 4. By adopting the variable cross-section permanent magnet or the variable cross-section magnetic pole piece, the yoke of the accelerometer torquer can accommodate a larger permanent magnet in a small volume, so that the cross-section area of the torquer permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of a magnetic circuit are further improved, and the air gap magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet magnetic circuit is remarkably improved.
When the permanent magnetic torquer of the accelerometer works, the coil 4 needs to be fixed on the pendulum piece of the accelerometer. The permanent magnet 2 is magnetized along the axial direction, and the yoke iron 1, the lower magnetic pole piece 3 and the upper magnetic pole piece 4 guide the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 2 to enter the permanent magnet air gap 6 to form a magnetic field distributed along the radial direction of the upper part of the upper magnetic pole piece 4. When the coil 5 is electrified, due to the electromagnetic induction effect, the coil 5 will generate an acting force along the self axial direction, and the acting force is as follows:
F＝BIL
wherein B is the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet air gap 6, I is the current of the coil 5, and L is the length of the wire of the coil 5. The coil 5 transmits the force generated by the torquer to the pendulous reed, generates the electromagnetic torque required by the accelerometer to balance the inertia moment, and adjusts the magnitude and the direction of the current in the coil 5, thereby realizing the moment application control of the accelerometer pendulum assembly based on the permanent magnet torquer.
Claims (9)
1. A miniaturized permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity comprises a yoke (1), a permanent magnet (2), a lower magnetic pole piece (3), an upper magnetic pole piece (4) and a coil (5), wherein the lower magnetic pole piece (1) is positioned at the bottommost part, the permanent magnet (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower magnetic pole piece (3), the upper magnetic pole piece (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the permanent magnet (2), the lower magnetic pole piece (3) and the upper magnetic pole piece (4) form a permanent magnetic assembly, the yoke (1) is connected with the lower magnetic pole piece (3), a permanent magnetic air gap (6) is formed between the yoke (1) and the upper magnetic pole piece (4), the coil (5) is positioned inside the permanent magnetic air gap (6), the yoke (1) is of a magnetic conduction structure with a plurality of layers of step-shaped through holes, the diameter of the upper part of the step-shaped through holes is small, the diameter of the lower part is large, the lower magnetic pole piece (3) is connected with the step-shaped through holes of the yoke (1), the permanent magnet assembly is fixed in a step hole of the yoke (1) through a lower magnetic pole piece (3), and the permanent magnet (2) and the upper magnetic pole piece (4) are both of variable-section revolving body structures.
2. A permanent magnet torquer according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet assembly is fixed in the stepped hole of the yoke (1) by the lower pole piece (3) by gluing, glass sintering or laser welding.
3. A permanent magnet torquer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the stabilization process is performed at a temperature greater than 200 ℃ and less than the curie temperature of the permanent magnet when the fixing means is glass sintering or laser welding.
4. A permanent-magnet torquer according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area to the minimum cross-sectional area of the variable-section solid of revolution structure of the permanent magnet (2) is greater than 1.2.
5. A permanent magnetic torquer according to claim 4, wherein the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure of the permanent magnet (2) is a combination of a cylinder and a truncated cone.
6. A permanent magnetic torquer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area to the minimum cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure of the upper pole piece (4) is greater than 1.2.
7. A permanent magnetic torquer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the variable cross-section solid of revolution structure of the upper pole piece (4) is a combination of a cylinder and a truncated cone.
8. A permanent-magnet torquer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower pole piece (3), the permanent magnet (2) and the upper pole piece (4) are bonded or sintered.
9. A permanent magnetic torquer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the stabilization process is performed at a temperature higher than 200 ℃ and lower than the Curie temperature of the permanent magnet when the connection means is glass-sintered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910997731.0A CN110829777B (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Miniature permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910997731.0A CN110829777B (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Miniature permanent magnetic torquer with high air gap magnetic field intensity |
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| CN110829777A CN110829777A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
| CN110829777B true CN110829777B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109164273A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of accelerometer permanent magnet moment-meter |
| CN109870592A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of optical accelerometer based on electromagnetism power drive |
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2019
- 2019-10-18 CN CN201910997731.0A patent/CN110829777B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109164273A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of accelerometer permanent magnet moment-meter |
| CN109870592A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of optical accelerometer based on electromagnetism power drive |
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