CN110829011A - Fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system - Google Patents
Fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829011A CN110829011A CN201911124229.5A CN201911124229A CN110829011A CN 110829011 A CN110829011 A CN 110829011A CN 201911124229 A CN201911124229 A CN 201911124229A CN 110829011 A CN110829011 A CN 110829011A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2291—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in bluetooth or WI-FI devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention relates to a fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system. The fractal element directive radiation patch comprises a substrate and fractal element directive radiation patches attached to the front surface of the substrate, wherein each fractal element directive radiation patch consists of 1 feed fractal dipole antenna, 1 fractal reflector and 4 fractal directors; the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director are all composed of two fractal dipole arms which are mutually symmetrical. The antenna can cover a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band, has directional radiation capability, and is small in zero-power point lobe width and half-power point lobe width, low in side lobe level, high in front-to-back ratio, small in size and high in radiation intensity, and is expected to be applied to a large range as a Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna with excellent performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of Bluetooth antennas, ultra-wideband antennas, positioning beacon antennas and fractal element microstrip guide antennas, and particularly relates to a fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system.
Background
The indoor positioning system is a new generation positioning system which realizes high-precision positioning in an indoor environment by means of wireless communication and a beacon system, and is widely applied to the fields of warehouse logistics positioning, full-automatic commercial display and unmanned selling, intelligent factory personnel, material and vehicle positioning, intelligent navigation and navigation in hospitals, exhibition halls and museum buildings, important personnel and equipment management and control and the like.
Bluetooth technology and ultra wideband technology are currently the most widely used indoor positioning technologies. The Bluetooth positioning system has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption, and can realize indoor positioning with the precision of less than 1 meter; the power consumption of the ultra-wideband positioning system is slightly higher than that of a Bluetooth positioning system, but the ultra-wideband positioning system has the advantages of long detection distance, high transmission rate and good positioning real-time property, and can realize indoor positioning with centimeter-level precision. The Bluetooth positioning system and the ultra-wideband positioning system complement each other in the aspects of application scene, positioning effect, power consumption level, equipment cost and the like, and the combination of the Bluetooth positioning system and the ultra-wideband positioning system can form a high-adaptability indoor positioning system with high-low collocation and rich application scenes.
The frequency band of bluetooth communication is 2.400 ~ 2.4835GHz, and the frequency band of ultra wide band communication is 3.100 ~ 10.600GHz, and bluetooth and ultra wide band location beacon antenna need can cover bluetooth communication frequency band and ultra wide band communication frequency band simultaneously, has directional radiation ability, and zero power point lobe width and half-power point lobe width are less, and the side lobe level is lower, and the front-to-back ratio is higher, and the size is less, and the radiation intensity is higher.
The fractal element directive radiation structure is a microstrip directive radiation structure. The directional antenna is a directional radiation structure with excellent performance, but the traditional directional antenna is made of all metal, is a three-dimensional antenna, has larger size and weight, and cannot be used in a Bluetooth positioning beacon and an ultra-wideband positioning beacon which have strict requirements on the size of the antenna. The microstrip guide radiation structure formed by the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director is a two-dimensional planar antenna structure, can realize the miniaturization and low profile of the guide antenna, effectively reduces the size of the antenna, lightens the weight of the antenna, and enables the antenna to be placed in a Bluetooth positioning beacon and an ultra-wideband positioning beacon.
In the fractal element guide radiation patch, the distance between the feed fractal dipole antenna and the fractal guide device is reasonably adjusted, so that the radiation of the feed fractal dipole antenna and the fractal guide device can be reversely offset at one side of the feed fractal dipole antenna, and the radiation of the feed fractal dipole antenna and the fractal guide device can be superposed at one side of the fractal guide device in the same direction, so that the directional radiation is realized, and the effect of the directional radiation can be enhanced by using a plurality of fractal guide devices; the distance between the feed fractal dipole antenna and the fractal reflector is reasonably adjusted, so that the radiation of the feed fractal dipole antenna and the radiation of the fractal reflector can be superposed in the same direction on one side of the feed fractal dipole antenna and reversely offset on one side of the fractal reflector, and directional radiation is realized. Meanwhile, after the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director are used, the fractal element director radiation patch realizes better directional radiation effect of radiation enhancement at one side of the fractal director and almost no radiation at one side of the fractal reflector.
A brand-new line type fractal iteration structure, namely a broken line fractal structure, is used in the fractal element leading radiation structure, the initial structure of the structure is a vertical five-fold line consisting of three sections of transverse line segments and two sections of longitudinal line segments which are equal in length, and the left and right sections of the transverse line segments are replaced by a small vertical five-fold line with the length of one third of the initial vertical five-fold line, so that a 1-order broken line fractal structure can be obtained. And (3) similarly replacing two small vertical five-fold lines in the 1-order broken line fractal structure to obtain a 2-order broken line fractal structure. And sequentially iterating in this way, and obtaining the high-order broken line fractal structure. The whole and part of the broken line fractal structure have high self-similarity, and when the antenna is used for antenna design, the antenna radiation structure can have uniformly distributed radio frequency current, so that the antenna can work in a wide frequency band.
The prior art closest to the technology of the application is a traditional guide antenna which is a large antenna with a three-dimensional structure and made of all metals, needs external strong electric equipment for feeding, and cannot be used in a Bluetooth positioning beacon and an ultra-wideband positioning beacon which are powered by batteries with low power and have strict limitation on the size of the antenna. The fractal element directive radiation structure used in the application is a two-dimensional planar antenna structure, the size of the fractal element directive radiation structure is smaller than that of a traditional directive antenna by several orders of magnitude, and the fractal element directive radiation structure can be placed in a Bluetooth positioning beacon and an ultra-wideband positioning beacon, can be conformal with the positioning beacon and can be powered by a battery with low power. The fractal element guiding radiation structure used in the application uses a broken line fractal structure to improve the broadband operation capability of the antenna, which is a technology that the traditional guiding antenna has never been used.
The microstrip directive radiation structure formed by the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director has a good directional radiation effect; a broken line fractal structure is used in an antenna radiation structure, and the working frequency band of the antenna can be effectively widened by utilizing the self-similarity of the fractal structure, so that the coverage of a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system, which can cover a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band, has directional radiation capability, and is low in zero-power point lobe width and half-power point lobe width, low in side lobe level, high in front-to-back ratio, small in size and high in radiation intensity, and is expected to be applied in a large range as a Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna with excellent performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system comprises a substrate and a fractal element guiding radiation patch pasted on the front surface of the substrate, wherein the fractal element guiding radiation patch is composed of 1 feed fractal dipole antenna, 1 fractal reflector and 4 fractal directors.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector, and the fractal director are all composed of two fractal dipole arms that are symmetrical to each other.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fractal dipole arm of the fed fractal dipole antenna is obtained by performing a meander line fractal iteration on a vertical five-meander line with a meander line length of 9.0 mm ± 0.1 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fed fractal dipole antenna uses a meander line fractal structure of at least 2 orders.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a disconnection gap is formed on a symmetric center line between two fractal dipole arms of the fed fractal dipole antenna, and antenna feeding points are disposed on two sides of the disconnection gap.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fractal dipole arm of the fractal reflector is longer than the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna by 1.0 mm +/-0.1 mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fractal dipole arm of the fractal director is shorter than the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna by 0.5 mm +/-0.1 mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the substrate is a low-loss epoxy resin glass cloth substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.0-5.0.
In an embodiment of the invention, the substrate is rectangular, and has a size of 68 mm ± 1mm × 60 mm ± 1mm, and a thickness of 1mm ± 0.1 mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the fractal guiding radiation patch is copper, silver, gold or aluminum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the antenna is microstrip-oriented, the design of a two-dimensional planar microstrip oriented radiation structure is realized, the miniaturization and low profile of the oriented antenna are realized, the size of the antenna is effectively reduced, the weight of the antenna is reduced, and the microstrip oriented radiation structure formed by the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director has a good directional radiation effect; a broken line fractal structure is used in an antenna radiation structure, so that the working frequency band of the antenna can be effectively widened by utilizing the self-similarity of the fractal structure, and the coverage of a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band is realized;
the actual measurement result of the antenna shows that the working frequency band range of the antenna is 2.122-11.424 GHz, the working bandwidth is 9.302 GHz, the bandwidth octave is 5.38, the return loss of the antenna in the whole working frequency band is lower than-10 dB, and the minimum value of the return loss is-29.72 dB. The antenna completely covers a Bluetooth communication 2.400-2.4835 GHz frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication 3.100-10.600 GHz frequency band. The maximum gain of a main lobe of the antenna is 11.83 dB, the width of an H-plane zero-power point lobe is 80 degrees, the width of an H-plane half-power point lobe is 42 degrees, the level of an H-plane side lobe is-8.04 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the H-plane is 7.68 dB; the lobe width of the E-plane zero-power point is 80 degrees, the lobe width of the E-plane half-power point is 44 degrees, the level of the E-plane side lobe is-9.16 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the E-plane is 8.38 dB; the antenna has good directional radiation capability;
compared with the conventional antenna used for the Bluetooth positioning beacon and the ultra-wideband positioning beacon, the antenna has the advantages of prominent advantages and remarkable effects: the antenna is small in size and can be placed inside the positioning beacon or attached to the surface of the positioning beacon, and the two-dimensional planar antenna structure can be conformal with the positioning beacon; the antenna has a large bandwidth, completely covers a 2.400-2.4835 GHz frequency band and a 3.100-10.600 GHz frequency band, and is a first positioning beacon antenna completely compatible with a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band; the zero-power point lobe width and the half-power point lobe width of the H face and the E face of the antenna are small, the side lobe levels of the H face and the E face are low, the front-to-back ratio is high, the antenna has excellent directional radiation working capacity, and the antenna is expected to be used as a Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna with excellent performance to be applied in a large range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the iteration rule of 0-, 1-and 2-order broken line fractal structures.
Fig. 2 is a structure of the present invention with fractal elements directed to a radiating patch.
FIG. 3 shows return loss (S) of an embodiment of the present invention11) And (6) performance graphs.
Fig. 4 is an E-plane pattern of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an H-plane pattern of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna, which comprises a substrate and a fractal element leading radiation patch pasted on the front surface of the substrate, wherein the fractal element leading radiation patch consists of 1 feed fractal dipole antenna, 1 fractal reflector and 4 fractal directors.
The following is a specific implementation of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, a substrate and a fractal element directive radiation patch attached to the front surface of the substrate are provided in this embodiment, and the fractal element directive radiation patch in this embodiment is composed of 1 feed fractal dipole antenna, 1 fractal reflector, and 4 fractal directors.
The feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director are all composed of two fractal dipole arms which are mutually symmetrical. The fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna is obtained by performing broken line fractal iteration on a vertical five-broken line with the broken line length of 9.0 mm +/-0.1 mm. The feed fractal dipole antenna uses a meander line fractal structure of at least 2 orders.
The iteration rule of the broken line fractal structure is shown in figure 1. The broken line fractal structure is a brand-new line type fractal iteration structure, the initial structure of the structure is a vertical five-broken line consisting of three sections of transverse line segments and two sections of longitudinal line segments which are equal in length, and the left and right sections of transverse line segments are replaced by a small vertical five-broken line with the length of one third of the length of the initial vertical five-broken line, so that the 1-order broken line fractal structure can be obtained. And (3) similarly replacing two small vertical five-fold lines in the 1-order broken line fractal structure to obtain a 2-order broken line fractal structure. And sequentially iterating in this way, and obtaining the high-order broken line fractal structure. The whole and part of the broken line fractal structure have high self-similarity, and when the antenna is used for antenna design, the antenna radiation structure can have uniformly distributed radio frequency current, so that the antenna can work in a wide frequency band.
A disconnection gap is arranged on a symmetrical center line between two fractal dipole arms which are symmetrical to each other of the feed fractal dipole antenna, and antenna feed points are arranged on two sides of the disconnection gap. The fractal dipole arm of the fractal reflector is longer than the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna by 1.0 mm +/-0.1 mm. The fractal dipole arm of the fractal director is 0.5 mm +/-0.1 mm shorter than that of the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna.
The antenna substrate is a low-loss epoxy resin glass cloth substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the antenna substrate is 4.0-5.0. The substrate is rectangular, and has a size of 68 mm + -1 mm × 60 mm + -1 mm and a thickness of 1mm + -0.1 mm.
The antenna radiation patch is made of copper, silver, gold or aluminum.
FIG. 3 shows the return loss (S) of the present embodiment11) And (6) performance graphs. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the actual measurement result shows that the working frequency band range of the antenna is 2.122-11.424 GHz, the working bandwidth is 9.302 GHz, the bandwidth octave is 5.38, and the minimum value of the return loss is-29.72 dB. The E-plane directional diagram of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 4, the H-plane directional diagram of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and as can be seen from fig. 4 and fig. 5, the actual measurement result shows that the maximum gain of the main lobe of the antenna is 11.83 dB, the width of the H-plane zero-power point lobe is 80 degrees, the width of the H-plane half-power point lobe is 42 degrees, the level of the H-plane side lobe is-8.04 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the H-plane is 7.68 dB; the lobe width of the E-plane zero-power point is 80 degrees, the lobe width of the E-plane half-power point is 44 degrees, the level of the E-plane side lobe is-9.16 dB, and the front-to-back ratio of the E-plane is 8.38 dB. The antenna can cover a Bluetooth communication frequency band and an ultra-wideband communication frequency band, has directional radiation capability, small zero-power point lobe width and half-power point lobe width, low side lobe level, high front-to-back ratio, small size and high radiation intensity, and is expected to be used as a Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning signal with excellent performanceThe target antenna finds a wide range of applications.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system is characterized by comprising a substrate and a fractal element leading radiation patch pasted on the front surface of the substrate, wherein the fractal element leading radiation patch is composed of 1 feed fractal dipole antenna, 1 fractal reflector and 4 fractal directors.
2. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 1, wherein: the feed fractal dipole antenna, the fractal reflector and the fractal director are all composed of two fractal dipole arms which are mutually symmetrical.
3. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 1, wherein: the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna is obtained by performing broken line fractal iteration on a vertical five-broken line with the broken line length of 9.0 mm +/-0.1 mm.
4. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 1, wherein: the feed fractal dipole antenna uses a broken line fractal structure of at least 2 orders.
5. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 2, wherein: and a disconnection gap is formed on a symmetrical center line between two fractal dipole arms which are symmetrical to each other of the feed fractal dipole antenna, and antenna feed points are arranged on two sides of the disconnection gap.
6. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 2, wherein: the fractal dipole arm of the fractal reflector is longer than the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna by 1.0 mm +/-0.1 mm.
7. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system of claim 1, wherein: the fractal dipole arm of the fractal director is 0.5 mm +/-0.1 mm shorter than that of the fractal dipole arm of the feed fractal dipole antenna.
8. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein: the substrate is a low-loss epoxy resin glass cloth substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.0-5.0.
9. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein: the substrate is rectangular, the size is 68 mm +/-1 mm multiplied by 60 mm +/-1 mm, and the thickness is 1mm +/-0.1 mm.
10. The fractal bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein: the fractal element guiding radiation patch is made of copper, silver, gold or aluminum.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911124229.5A CN110829011A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system |
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| CN201911124229.5A CN110829011A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Fractal element Bluetooth and ultra-wideband positioning beacon antenna system |
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| CN1348620A (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2002-05-08 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Multi-frequency sharing array antenna |
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