CN110828686A - Self-luminous display structure and display device - Google Patents
Self-luminous display structure and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110828686A CN110828686A CN201810914331.4A CN201810914331A CN110828686A CN 110828686 A CN110828686 A CN 110828686A CN 201810914331 A CN201810914331 A CN 201810914331A CN 110828686 A CN110828686 A CN 110828686A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/115—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-luminous display structure, comprising: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode disposed over the first electrode; a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a quantum dot layer disposed on the second electrode, including at least one quantum dot film; and a first polymer film disposed on the quantum dot layer. According to the self-luminous display structure, the first polymer film is arranged on the quantum dot layer, so that the excited photons which pass through the quantum dot layer but are not absorbed are reflected back again, the quantum dots can be excited again, the function of photon recovery is increased, the excitation efficiency of the quantum dots is improved, the light extraction efficiency of the whole system is improved, and the display effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of display panels, and particularly relates to a self-luminous display structure and a display device.
Background
An Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display is a flat panel display technology with great development prospect, and has the characteristics of self-luminescence, simple structure, ultra-lightness, high response speed, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, flexible display and the like.
The prior art provides a method for exciting red or green quantum dots by a blue OLED to emit light to obtain three primary colors of red, green and blue, thereby realizing color display. This technique requires a certain amount of QUANTUM DOTs (QUANTUM DOT) to be uniformly mixed into the dispersion material, however, it causes problems of insufficient absorption (light leakage) and a decrease in luminous efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a self-luminous display structure with high light extraction efficiency. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a self-emissive display structure comprising:
a first substrate;
a first electrode disposed on the first substrate;
a second electrode disposed over the first electrode;
a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a quantum dot layer disposed on the second electrode, including at least one quantum dot film;
and a first polymer film disposed on the quantum dot layer.
In one embodiment, the full width at half maximum of the reflection spectrum of the first polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the light emitting layer, the full width at half maximum starting wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the first polymer film is less than the full width at half maximum starting wavelength of the spectrum of the light emitting layer, and the full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the first polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the spectrum of the light emitting layer.
In one embodiment, the first polymer film includes a cholesteric liquid crystal film or a blue phase liquid crystal film.
In one embodiment, the first polymer film includes an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10% to 60% of the weight of the first polymer film.
In a specific embodiment, the quantum dot device further comprises a second polymer film disposed between the quantum dot layer and the second electrode.
In one embodiment, the full width at half maximum of the reflection spectrum of the second polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer, the full width at half maximum starting wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the second polymer film is less than the full width at half maximum starting wavelength of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer, and the full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the second polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer.
In one embodiment, the second polymer film includes a cholesteric liquid crystal film or a blue phase liquid crystal film.
In a specific embodiment, the second polymer film includes an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10% to 60% of the weight of the second polymer film.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the self-luminous display structure.
According to the self-luminous display structure, the first polymer film is arranged on the quantum dot layer, so that the excited photons which pass through the quantum dot layer but are not absorbed are reflected back again, the quantum dots can be excited again, the function of photon recovery is increased, the excitation efficiency of the quantum dots is improved, the light extraction efficiency of the whole system is improved, and the display effect is improved;
furthermore, since the transmission direction of the photons reflected back through the first polymer film is opposite to the expected light emitting direction, the excited photons of the quantum dot layer may be emitted in the opposite direction, and therefore, by disposing the second polymer film between the quantum dot layer and the second electrode, the excited photons having the opposite emission direction can be further reflected again to correct the transmission path, and the excitation efficiency of the quantum dots is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a self-luminous display structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reflection spectrum and a spectrum of a light-emitting layer of a first polymer film;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of another self-luminous display structure provided in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the spectrum of excited light of quantum dots of different colors.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a self-light emitting display structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a first substrate 101; a first electrode 103 disposed on the first substrate 101; a second electrode 104 disposed on the first electrode 103;
a light-emitting layer 105 provided between the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104;
a quantum dot layer 106 disposed on the second electrode 104, including at least one quantum dot film;
and a first polymer film 107 provided on the quantum dot layer 106.
To illustrate the solution of the present embodiment more clearly, a complete example of the solution is first made. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display structure. The first substrate 101 is a first Layer, and includes an anode 103, a Hole injection Layer HIL (HIL) 108, a Hole Transport Layer HTL 109, a light emitting Layer EmL (EML) 105, an Electron Transport Layer ETL (ETL) 110, an Electron injection Layer EIL (EIL) 111, a cathode 104, and a quantum dot Layer 106 in this order upward. In addition, in a certain expression, the light emitting layer is considered to be an integral structure between the anode and the cathode, and the light emitting layer is merely EmL in the embodiment, in an actual product, the cover plate 102 for encapsulation should be further provided on the quantum dot layer 106, and the material of the cover plate 102 corresponding to the first substrate and the substrate in the conventional display panel is not limited here, and may be a conventional glass material, a flexible material, or the like.
Note that above the first layer, it means that there may be another layer between the first layer and another layer above the first layer, for example, the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 on the first substrate 101 are not to say that the first substrate 101 and the first electrode 103 or the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 are disposed adjacent to each other. Since the first substrate 101 is considered to be the substrate itself in this example for the sake of more clearly showing the intrinsic relationship of the structure, the first substrate may also be referred to as an OLED substrate including a TFT structure to those skilled in the art, that is, any understanding will fall within the definition of the first substrate in the present embodiment.
Generally, an OLED comprises at least one organic layer disposed between and electrically connected to an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode and the cathode may be considered a first electrode and a second electrode of the present application. When a current is applied, the anode injects holes and the cathode injects electrons into the organic layer or layers. Each of the injected holes and electrons migrates toward the oppositely charged electrode. When electrons and holes migrate to the light-emitting layer, "excitons" are formed, which are localized electron-hole pairs having an excited energy state. When excitons relax via the photoemission mechanism, light waves are formed.
Since a certain amount of quantum dots need to be uniformly mixed into the dispersion material and then coated on the corresponding position of the blue-light OLED, it is further found that, since the quantum dots reach the nanometer level, if the number of quantum dots in the dispersion material is too large, the average distance between the quantum dots is very close, and the quantum dots are aggregated into groups with different sizes due to the attraction of intermolecular forces (such as hydrogen bonds, van der waals forces, etc.), so that the quantum dots are not uniformly dispersed in the dispersion material, and the light absorption (light leakage) is insufficient and the light emitting efficiency is reduced.
However, if the QD (quantum dot) density in the dispersion material is greatly reduced to a level that the QD is not aggregated due to this problem, a relatively thick dispersion material needs to be coated, and problems of insufficient light absorption (light leakage) and reduction in light emission efficiency are caused.
Can improve the excited efficiency of QD simultaneously under the unchangeable circumstances of density for guaranteeing the QD, this embodiment can make through the quantum dot layer but not absorbed excitation photon by the reflexion once more through setting up first macromolecular membrane between quantum dot layer and second base plate to can excite the quantum dot once more, increased the function that the photon was retrieved, improved the excitation efficiency of quantum dot, thereby promoted display effect.
Specifically, the Photonic Crystal polymer film (POLYMERS) has Photonic Crystal (Photonic Crystal) characteristics, and is manufactured by mixing Photonic Crystal, such as cholesteric liquid Crystal or blue phase liquid Crystal, with acryl reactive materials (acrylate reactive monomers) or EPOXY resin (EPOXY), and polymerizing the mixture with uv (ultraviolet) light or heat to form a polymer film. The above polymerization method is prior art and is not described herein again.
Since a photonic crystal is a regular optical structure made of periodically arranged media of different refractive indices, such a material can cause light of a specific frequency to pass or be reflected because of having a photonic band gap. Therefore, the function of reflecting the excitation photons can be achieved by using the polymer film with the characteristic of Photonic Crystal (Photonic Crystal), so that the excitation efficiency of the quantum dots is improved.
To illustrate by a specific example, the light emitting layer 105 is a blue OLED, the quantum dot layer 106 includes RED quantum dots QD-RED and GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN, the blue OLED exciton is emitted to the quantum dot layer, a part of the exciton excites the RED quantum dots QD-RED and the GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN to generate RED light and GREEN light, another part of blue OLED exciton directly penetrates through the quantum dot layer to be emitted to the first polymer film 107 due to the insufficient uniformity of the quantum dots dispersed in the dispersion material, and the part of exciton is reflected back to the light emitting layer 105 by the first polymer film 107, and the RED quantum dots QD-RED and the GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN are excited again to generate RED light and GREEN light.
Since the wavelength of the light source for exciting the QDs is not fixed, the reflection band of the photonic crystal polymer film needs to be considered and matched with the spectrum band of the light source for exciting the QDs, so that the reflection efficiency can be improved. In a preferred embodiment, a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a spectrum of the first polymer film is larger than a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a spectrum of the light emitting layer, and a reflection spectrum full width at half maximum (FWHM) start wavelength of the first polymer film is smaller than a full width at half maximum (FWHM) start wavelength of a spectrum of the light emitting layer, and a reflection spectrum full width at half maximum (FWHM) end wavelength of the first polymer film is larger than a FWHM end wavelength of a spectrum of the light emitting layer.
The half-height width refers to the full width of the spectral band when the maximum height of the absorption spectral band is half of the height, namely the width of the transmission peak when the peak height is half of the height, specifically, a straight line parallel to the bottom of the peak is made through the middle point of the peak height, the distance between two intersecting points of the straight line and two sides of the peak is the half-height width, the point with the smaller wavelength corresponding to the two intersecting points of the straight line and two sides of the peak is the starting wavelength, and the point with the larger wavelength is the ending wavelength.
To better illustrate the scheme, please refer to fig. 3, wherein a waveform 31 is a reflection spectrum of the first polymer film, a waveform 32 is a spectrum of the light emitting layer, λ3Is the starting wavelength of the half-width of the reflection spectrum of the first polymer film, lambda4The first polymer film has a reflection spectrum with a full width at half maximum end wavelength λ1Half-width starting wavelength, lambda, of the spectrum of the light-emitting layer2The full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the light-emitting layer ends the wavelength, so that λ 3 < λ 1 and λ 2 < λ 4 need to be ensured.
In another preferred embodiment, the first polymer film includes an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10% to 60% by weight of the first polymer film. So that there is sufficient photonic crystal concentration to achieve efficient reflection.
In another aspect of the present embodiment, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating another self-luminous display structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, which further includes a second polymer film 112 disposed between the quantum dot layer 107 and the second electrode 104.
Also illustrated as a specific example, the light emitting layer 105 is a blue OLED, the quantum dot layer 106 includes RED quantum dots QD-RED and GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN, and blue OLED photons are emitted to the quantum dot layer, a portion of the photons excite the RED quantum dots QD-RED and GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN to generate RED and GREEN light, and another portion of blue OLED light is not absorbed by the quantum dots, and thus is directly transmitted through the quantum dot layer to the first polymer film 107, and is reflected back to the light emitting layer 105 by the first polymer film 107, and the RED quantum dots QD-RED and GREEN quantum dots QD-GREEN are excited again to generate RED and GREEN light, and since the transmission direction of blue photons reflected back through the first polymer film is opposite to the expected light emitting direction, the excited photons of the quantum dot layer are emitted toward the opposite direction, and thus, by disposing a second polymer film between the quantum dot layer and the second electrode, the quantum dot layer with the opposite emitting direction can be reflected again by excited photons (such as red light and green light) to correct the transmission path, so that the quantum dot layer emits light to the correct emitting direction, and the excitation efficiency of the quantum dot is further improved.
Because the wavelength for quantum dot QD is not fixed, the reflection band of the photonic crystal polymer film needs to be considered, so that the reflection band is matched with the photon spectrum band of the quantum dot QD, and the reflection efficiency can be improved. In a preferred embodiment, the full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the second polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer, the full width at half maximum of the reflection spectrum start wavelength of the second polymer film is smaller than the full width at half maximum start wavelength of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer, and the full width at half maximum end wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the second polymer film is greater than the full width at half maximum end wavelength of the spectrum of the quantum dot layer.
To better illustrate the content of the scheme, please refer to fig. 5, wherein the waveform is the frequency spectrum of the excited blue light, green light, yellow light, orange light and red light in sequence, λ5Represents the starting wavelength, lambda, of the full width at half maximum of the excited light spectrum of the quantum dot6The full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the spectrum of the excited light of the quantum dot, that is, the spectrum of the reflected light of the second polymer film is determined by the spectrum of the corresponding color light, so long as it is ensured that the red light or the green light transmitted to the second polymer film can be reflected.
In another preferred embodiment, the second polymer film includes an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10% to 60% by weight of the second polymer film. So that there is sufficient photonic crystal concentration to achieve efficient reflection.
The acrylic (arclics) polymer is an insoluble, infusible acrylic polymer having an acrylate monomer (methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, etc.) as a basic component and crosslinked into a network structure.
The embodiment also provides a display device comprising the self-luminous display structure. Display devices prepared according to embodiments of the present invention may be incorporated into a variety of consumer products, including: flat panel displays, computer monitors, televisions, billboards, lights for interior or exterior lighting or signaling, heads up displays, fully transparent displays, flexible displays, laser printers, telephones, cellular telephones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, viewfinders, microdisplays, vehicles, large area walls, theater or stadium screens or signs, and the like. Various control mechanisms can be used to control displays made in accordance with the present invention, including passive panels and active panels.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A self-emissive display structure, comprising:
a first substrate;
a first electrode disposed on the first substrate;
a second electrode disposed over the first electrode;
a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a quantum dot layer disposed on the second electrode, including at least one quantum dot film;
and a first polymer film disposed on the quantum dot layer.
2. The self-luminous display structure of claim 1, wherein the first polymer film has a reflection spectrum with a full width at half maximum greater than that of the emission layer, and a reflection spectrum with a full width at half maximum starting wavelength less than that of the emission layer, and an end spectrum with a full width at half maximum ending wavelength greater than that of the emission layer.
3. The self-luminous display structure of claim 1, wherein the first polymer film comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal film or a blue phase liquid crystal film.
4. The self-luminous display structure according to claim 1, wherein the first polymer film comprises an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10 to 60 weight percent of the first polymer film.
5. The self-light emitting display structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a second polymer film disposed between the quantum dot layer and the second electrode.
6. The self-luminous display structure of claim 5, wherein the second polymer film has a full width at half maximum of the reflection spectrum that is greater than the full width at half maximum of the quantum dot layer spectrum, and the second polymer film has a full width at half maximum starting wavelength that is less than the full width at half maximum starting wavelength of the quantum dot layer spectrum, and the second polymer film has a full width at half maximum ending wavelength that is greater than the full width at half maximum ending wavelength of the quantum dot layer spectrum.
7. The self-luminous display structure of claim 1, wherein the second polymer film comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal film or a blue phase liquid crystal film.
8. The self-luminous display structure according to claim 7, wherein the second polymer film comprises an acrylic polymer or/and an epoxy resin, and the acrylic polymer or/and the epoxy resin accounts for 10 to 60 weight percent of the second polymer film.
9. A display device comprising a plurality of self-luminous display structures according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Application publication date: 20200221 |