Superconducting non-inductive coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure, superconducting non-inductive coil and experimental method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-temperature superconducting current limiters, in particular to a superconducting non-inductive coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure, a superconducting non-inductive coil and an experimental method thereof.
Background
With the recent development of the manufacturing process of high-temperature superconducting materials, the manufacturing cost of the materials is rapidly decreasing, and the application of the high-temperature superconducting materials in the industry is gradually seen. The fields of application include electrical power, medical, transportation, industrial, and scientific devices.
In the aspect of superconducting power application, a superconducting cable for urban high-density power distribution and transmission, a superconducting current limiter for rapid current limiting, superconducting energy storage and the like provide a new technical approach for solving the inherent technical problem of a power system. With the development of power systems and the increase of system short-circuit current, the phenomenon that the short-circuit current exceeds the maximum shielding current of the circuit breaker of the class already occurs in partial voltage classes, and the phenomenon also becomes one of the biggest hidden dangers of power grid safety. The superconducting current limiter achieves the purpose of current limiting by utilizing the rapid increase of impedance when the superconducting material is quenched, and compared with the traditional current limiting device, the superconducting current limiter has better performance and is more attractive in a power system.
The core technology of the resistive high-temperature superconducting current limiter is a superconducting resistive current limiting unit wound by using a second-generation high-temperature superconducting tape which is commercially produced. The current general technology is to make a non-inductive cake coil by using a single or a plurality of superconducting tapes, and then combine the non-inductive cake coils in series and parallel to form a superconducting resistance current limiting unit.
One of the key technologies for the double-wound non-inductive pancake coil is the turn spacer. The turn-to-turn interlayer not only plays a role of high-voltage insulation, but also plays a role of a good cooling channel.
As shown in fig. 1, patent document CN102592774A "a high temperature superconducting non-inductive coil spacer" proposes a structure of an inter-turn spacer, which uses a corrugated narrow band made of an insulating material, and the width of the corrugated narrow band is slightly wider than that of the high temperature superconducting band. The strip 1 is disposed between turns of a superconducting coil 2. The technology overcomes the adverse effect of the winding, cold and hot circulation and over-current impact processes of the coil on the fragile ceramic high-temperature superconducting tape to a certain extent, and has better cooling and high-voltage insulation effects. Because the turn interlayer is in surface contact with the superconducting tape, the stress of the non-inductive coil in the winding process further causes the compaction of the interlayer and the superconducting tape. Considering that the solid heat transfer effect of the inter-turn interlayer is far less than that of the immersed liquid nitrogen, the compressed contact surface can cause local overheating and local excessive stress of the superconducting tape at the contact surface during fault current limiting, and local unrecoverable damage can be generated, so that the current limiting unit is damaged functionally.
As shown in fig. 2, patent document CN108597722A "turn interlayer of high temperature superconducting non-inductive coil" proposes a structure of turn interlayer, in which a tape 1 is disposed between turns of a superconducting non-inductive coil 2, so that the superconducting tape can be sufficiently cooled well on the basis of the groove of the previous turn interlayer of the present invention, and the superconducting tape at the contact surface portion can also obtain good liquid nitrogen cooling conditions during current limiting, thereby avoiding pernicious consequences such as superconducting tape damage caused by local overheating.
However, there is a corresponding problem with such designs:
1. as the capacity of the current limiter increases, the size of the double pancake coil also increases. In the process of winding a large dozen turns of strip or in the test process after the double-pancake coil is wound, the spacing layer can be crushed due to over-tight tension of the local strip, so that the turn-to-turn spacing layer cannot play a role in high-voltage insulation.
2. Even if the spacer layer is not crushed, the inconsistent deformation of the thickness of the spacer layer causes the number of turns and the total length of the wound strips in the same pie to vary greatly, especially for different batches of manufactured spacer layers. The resistive current limiter itself has a high uniformity requirement for each cake.
3. When the local tension is large and two adjacent spacing layers are in concave-convex correspondence, the strip clamped in the middle is pressed into an irreversible wave shape, so that the strip is damaged. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the strip 2 between the two insulation layers 1 can be bent under the action of the grooves and the protrusions of the two insulation layers 1, thereby causing the strip to be damaged and scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a superconducting non-inductive coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure, a superconducting non-inductive coil and an experimental method thereof.
According to the invention, the superconducting non-inductive coil turn interlayer structure comprises: the interlayer comprises an interlayer main body 3 and a plurality of supporting pieces 4 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the interlayer main body 3;
the heights of the supporting pieces 4 positioned on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 are the same, and the distances between two adjacent supporting pieces 4 positioned on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 are the same;
the number of the supporting pieces 4 at the two sides of the interlayer main body 3 is the same or different; when the number is the same, the support piece 4 at one side of the interlayer main body 3 and the support piece 4 at the other side take the interlayer main body 3 as an axis and are in an axisymmetric structure; when the number is different, the length D of the support member 4 on the fewer-number side is greater than the distance E between two adjacent support members 4 on the more-number side;
the total height H of the turn interlayer structure of the superconducting noninductive coil meets the following requirements: h <10mm is more than 3mm, the height T of the interlayer main body 3 is more than or equal to 1mm, the length D of each support piece 4 is more than or equal to 1mm, and the distance E between every two adjacent support pieces 4 is more than or equal to 1 mm.
According to the invention, the superconducting non-inductive coil turn interlayer structure comprises: the interlayer comprises an interlayer main body 3 and a plurality of supporting pieces 4 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the interlayer main body 3;
the supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 have the same height, and the distance between two adjacent supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 is the same.
Preferably, the number of the supporting pieces 4 on the two sides of the interlayer main body 3 is the same, and the supporting pieces 4 on one side of the interlayer main body 3 and the supporting pieces 4 on the other side of the interlayer main body 3 are in an axisymmetric structure by taking the interlayer main body 3 as an axis; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the quantity of the supporting pieces 4 on two sides of the interlayer main body 3 is different, and the length D of the supporting piece 4 on the side with less quantity is larger than the distance E between two adjacent supporting pieces 4 on the side with more quantity.
Preferably, the barrier body 3 is integrally formed with the support 4.
Preferably, the total height H of the superconducting noninductive coil turn-space layer structure satisfies: h <10mm is more than 3mm, the height T of the interlayer main body 3 is more than or equal to 1mm, the length D of each support piece 4 is more than or equal to 1mm, and the distance E between every two adjacent support pieces 4 is more than or equal to 1 mm.
The superconducting non-inductive coil comprises parallel wound tapes and a superconducting non-inductive coil turn interlayer structure arranged between turns of the tapes, wherein the superconducting non-inductive coil turn interlayer structure adopts the superconducting non-inductive coil turn interlayer structure.
Preferably, the width a of the tape and the width K of the superconducting noninductive coil turn-space layer structure satisfy: k is more than or equal to A and less than or equal to A +1 mm.
Preferably, the barrier body 3 is parallel to the strips on both sides.
The experimental method of the superconducting non-inductive coil provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
and soaking the superconducting non-inductive coil into liquid nitrogen for a through-flow experiment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and disassembling the superconducting non-inductive coil after the experiment, and recycling the strip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the fishbone-shaped inter-turn interlayer structure can effectively avoid the occurrence of the conditions of crushing and deformation of the inter-turn interlayer, thereby solving the problems of high-voltage insulation failure and great change of the number of turns and the total length of the strip;
2. the mode that the distribution frequencies of the supporting pieces on the two sides of the interlayer main body are different is adopted, so that the condition that the strip clamp in the middle is deformed and scrapped by adjacent interlayer structures in the wound coil can be avoided.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional coil winding structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional coil winding structure;
fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating defects of a conventional coil winding structure;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel wound non-inductive pancake coil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the turn-to-turn interlayer structure of a superconducting noninductive coil provided in this embodiment includes: the interlayer comprises an interlayer main body 3 and a plurality of supporting pieces 4 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the interlayer main body 3; the supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 have the same height, and the distance between two adjacent supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 is the same. The supporting member 4 may have a trapezoidal structure, a rectangular structure, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The support part 4 at one side of the interlayer main body 3 and the support part 4 at the other side of the interlayer main body 3 take the interlayer main body 3 as an axis and are in an axisymmetric structure. I.e. the height, length and position of the supporting elements 4 on both upper and lower sides are the same. While in other embodiments the height of the upper support 4 may be different from the height of the lower support 4. The interlayer main body 3 and the supporting piece 4 can be of an integrally formed structure, so that the pressure resistance of the interlayer main body is improved.
In the present embodiment, the total height H (thickness) of the superconducting noninductive coil turn-space layer structure satisfies: h <10mm is more than 3mm, the height T of the interlayer main body 3 is more than or equal to 1mm, the length D of each support piece 4 is more than or equal to 1mm, and the distance E between every two adjacent support pieces 4 is more than or equal to 1 mm.
The arrangement of H mainly considers insulation, and experimental findings are carried out on different sizes of turn interlayer structures of the superconducting non-inductive coil, wherein:
3mm thick, 12mm wide, 12kV, 1200A not to break down, 13KA breaks down;
the thickness of the film is 6mm, the width of the film is 12mm, the film is 12kV, 1200A is not broken down, and 13KA is broken down;
the thickness of the film is 9mm, the width of the film is 12mm, the voltage of the film is 13kV, and the film is not broken down at 1200A;
the thickness of the film is 3mm, the width of the film is 30mm, the voltage of the film is 13kV, and the film is not broken down at 1200A;
the arrangement of D and T is mainly in view of structural strength.
The setting of E is mainly considered for the circulation of the cooling liquid.
Further, in order to prevent the edges of the supporting member 4 from damaging the strip 2, the edges of the top surface of the supporting member 4 are provided in the shape of an arc.
Example two:
in order to avoid the deformation of the strip between the two superconducting noninductive coil turn-space layer structures by pressure, the embodiment provides further improvement.
As shown in fig. 7, 8, and 9, the turn-to-turn interlayer structure of a superconducting noninductive coil provided in this embodiment includes: the interlayer comprises an interlayer main body 3 and a plurality of supporting pieces 4 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the interlayer main body 3; the supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 have the same height, and the distance between two adjacent supporting pieces 4 on the same side of the interlayer main body 3 is the same. The interlayer main body 3 and the supporting piece 4 can be of an integrally formed structure, so that the pressure resistance of the interlayer main body is improved. The supporting member 4 may have a trapezoidal structure, a rectangular structure, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Wherein, the quantity of the supporting pieces 4 on the two sides of the interlayer main body 3 is different, and the length D of the supporting piece 4 on the side with less quantity is larger than the distance E between the two adjacent supporting pieces 4 on the side with more quantity. Therefore, the supporting pieces 4 between the adjacent interlayer structures in the superconducting noninductive coil are mutually collided, and the situation that the supporting piece 4 on one side is inserted into the gap of the supporting piece 4 on the other side is avoided.
In the present embodiment, the total height H of the superconducting noninductive coil turn-space layer structure satisfies: h <10mm is more than 5mm, the height T of the interlayer main body 3 is more than or equal to 1mm, the length D of each support piece 4 is more than or equal to 2mm, and the distance E between every two adjacent support pieces 4 is more than or equal to 3 mm.
Further, in order to prevent the edges of the supporting member 4 from damaging the strip 2, the edges of the top surface of the supporting member 4 are provided in the shape of an arc.
As shown in fig. 10, the superconducting coil according to the present invention includes a parallel wound strip 2 and a superconducting coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure 5 disposed between turns of the strip 2, where the superconducting coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure 5 adopts the above-mentioned superconducting coil turn-to-turn interlayer structure
In order to prevent the edge of the strip 2 from curling, the width a of the strip 2 and the width K of the superconducting noninductive coil turn-space structure satisfy: k is more than or equal to A and less than or equal to A +1 mm. Because the supporting pieces 4 on the same side have the same height, the invention can realize that the interlayer main body 3 is parallel to the strip materials 2 on the two sides.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the superconducting non-inductive coil, which comprises the following steps:
and soaking the superconducting non-inductive coil in liquid nitrogen to carry out a through-flow experiment, namely, carrying out current passing on the superconducting non-inductive coil in a low-temperature environment, and testing an I-V curve of the superconducting non-inductive coil.
The superconducting non-inductive coil wound by the turn interlayer structure of the superconducting non-inductive coil can not deform the strip in the superconducting non-inductive coil, so that the superconducting non-inductive coil after an experiment can be disassembled, the strip can be recycled, and the cost is greatly saved.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.