CN110826198B - Design method of miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor - Google Patents
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Abstract
According to parameters of a current-converting circuit in a mechanical direct current breaker, primary and secondary side inductance and coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor are determined; forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil according to the performance parameters; determining an insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes; forming an encapsulation voltage equation constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement; obtaining design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil; different design data are obtained, and a relation between the radius of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor and the height of the coil is obtained in a linear fitting mode; and determining factors influencing secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor, and establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a converter circuit in the direct current breaker. The orthogonal test method is combined with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method, so that secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation results of the coupling reactor under different parameters are obtained, and the minimum volume of the reactor under the condition that the secondary side oscillation current parameter requirements of the coupling reactor are met is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of reactor design, and particularly relates to a design method of a miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor.
Background
In recent years, with the development of flexible direct current transmission technology and the development of high-power electronic technology, high-voltage direct current transmission is emphasized and developed with the unique advantages, wherein the coupling type mechanical direct current breaker has the advantages of high switching reliability, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to direct current transmission systems. Such as the one of the chinese patent 'a coupling reactor type high voltage dc current limiter' (application number: 201811559198.1). The coupling reactor is used as key equipment of a coupling type mechanical direct current breaker, and manual zero crossing point is generated by superposition of secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor and system current in a converter loop, so that fault current is successfully cut off. In order to realize that the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor meets the requirement of switching on and off of a direct current breaker, the primary side inductance and the coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor are important under the condition that the capacitance parameter of the current conversion circuit is kept unchanged.
The design method of the existing reactor mainly aims at the common reactor, and the design requirements of the inductance and the coupling coefficient cannot be met; meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence of the coupling reactor on surrounding equipment in the operation process, an oil tank is usually additionally arranged outside the reactor coil, however, after the oil tank is additionally arranged, a magnetic field generated when the coupling reactor coil flows through is overlapped with a magnetic field generated by vortex on the wall surface of the oil tank, so that the primary side inductance and the secondary side inductance of the coupling reactor are changed, and the secondary side oscillation current amplitude and frequency of the coupling reactor are directly influenced. In addition, due to the requirement of the size of the installation site of the transformer substation, on the premise of meeting the requirement of the direct current breaker on the secondary side oscillating current performance parameter of the coupling reactor, how to realize the miniaturized design of the reactor becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a design method of a miniaturized oil immersed air-core coupling reactor, which combines a field-path coupling finite element method with an orthogonal test method through the design of a coupling reactor body coil and an oil tank, and realizes the miniaturization of the reactor on the premise of meeting the requirement of the secondary oscillation current performance parameter of the coupling reactor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a design method of a miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the parameters of a current conversion loop in the mechanical direct current breaker, the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor are determined by combining the operation working conditions of a direct current system;
step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined by combining the primary side voltage withstand level and the secondary side voltage withstand level of the coupling reactor;
step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equation constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the inductance performance parameters of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor; obtaining design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software;
step 4: according to design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that the primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactor meet the requirements, adjusting the radius R of an encapsulation coil of the coupling reactor and the height H of the encapsulation coil, under the condition that the coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, obtaining different design data, and obtaining a relation between the radius R of the encapsulation coil of the coupling reactor and the height H of the coil in a fitting mode;
step 5: according to the oil tank structure type outside the coupling reactor coil, confirm the factor that influences the vice limit oscillation current of coupling reactor, include: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 And a tank thickness d; and establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a converter circuit in the direct current breaker according to the design parameters and the oil tank parameters of the coupling reactor body coil.
Step 6: the encapsulated coil height H of the coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of the oil tank and the coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 The oil tank thickness d is used as a variable factor to determine the acquisition of each parameterA value range; and combining the orthogonal test method with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters.
Step 7: according to parameters of a body coil of the coupling reactor and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil-immersed coupling reactor, the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor under the condition of meeting the requirements of the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor is finally obtained by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the requirements of the direct current breaker on the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor.
The invention relates to a design method of a miniaturized oil immersed hollow coupling reactor, which has the following technical effects:
1) The coupling structure type is suitable for the oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor, and a reactor body coil design method for realizing that all the encapsulated coils have basically the same height and thermal load is obtained on the basis.
2) And combining the orthogonal test method with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the rule of influence of the oil tank parameters on the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor.
3) And a mathematical expression between the volume of the oil immersed hollow coupling reactor and parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, so that the miniaturization requirement of the coupling reactor under the condition of meeting the performance parameter requirement is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the overall design of the oil-immersed air-core coupled reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a body coil of an oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention;
fig. 2 (b) is a first encapsulated coil coupling structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor of the present invention;
fig. 2 (c) is a second encapsulated coil coupling structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention; wherein 1 is an encapsulated coil and 2 is an oil tank.
Fig. 3 (b) is a left view of the schematic diagram of the whole structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (c) is a schematic top view of the whole structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the secondary side oscillating current of the coupling reactor of the current-converting circuit field-circuit coupling of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A design method of a miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the parameters of a current conversion loop in a mechanical direct current breaker, the method mainly comprises the capacitance parameters and charging voltage in the current conversion loop; and combining the actual running working conditions of the direct current system, including switching on and off short circuit current and rated current, and finally determining parameters such as primary and secondary side inductance, coupling coefficient and the like of the coupling reactor.
Wherein, the secondary side oscillation current can be represented by the following formula (1):
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, U 0 For charging voltage value, L 1 And L 2 Is the primary and secondary side inductance S, S 1 And S is 2 Can be represented by capacitance parameters, primary and secondary side inductances and coupling coefficients. The parameter selection of the coupling reactor can be determined according to the amplitude of the required switching-off current and the oscillation frequency of the commutation current.
Step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the packages is determined by combining the voltage withstand level of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor.
The structure of the encapsulated coils of the coupling reactor is shown in fig. 2 (a), and six encapsulated coils are taken as an example; mainly divided into two coupling structural types, (1): the encapsulated coils forming the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor are arranged at intervals, the encapsulated coils are separated by oil ducts, namely, the encapsulated coils 1-3-5 form the primary side of the coupling reactor, and the encapsulated coils 2-4-6 form the secondary side, as shown in fig. 2 (b); (2) the method comprises the following steps The primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor are encapsulated to form an internal-external arrangement, namely, 1-2-3 of the primary side of the coupling reactor is encapsulated, and 4-5-6 of the secondary side is encapsulated, as shown in fig. 2 (c).
According to the coupling structure form of the coupling reactor body coil, the primary side and secondary side withstand voltage level of the actual coupling reactor is determined by combining parameters of a converter loop in the direct current breaker; taking the coupling structure type as shown in fig. 2 (b) as an example, the voltage to be born between the envelopes is the voltage between the two arms of the coupling reactor, and the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is finally determined.
Step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equation constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the inductance performance parameters of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor; and obtaining design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software.
Taking the structure type of the coupling reactor in fig. 2 (b) as an example, the constraint condition of the body coil encapsulation voltage equation meeting the requirement of the primary and secondary side inductance parameters is as shown in the following formula (2):
wherein W is i ,I i Turns and current, L, of envelope i, respectively 1 、L 2 Respectively the primary side inductance and the secondary side inductance of the coupling reactor, I 11 、I 22 The primary side current and the secondary side current are respectively, m is the total encapsulation quantity of the coupling reactor, and f ij To encapsulate the mutual inductance geometry between i and j.
The equality constraints should also include that the height and thermal load of each encapsulated coil is substantially the same as shown in equation (3) below:
wherein S is i 、H i The conductor cross-sectional area and height of envelope i, respectively; h is the height of the reactor encapsulation coil, W j ,I j The number of turns and current of envelope j, respectively.
And forming the design method of the coupling reactor body coil meeting the requirement of the primary and secondary side inductance parameters by means of MATLAB and other programming software and the equation constraint conditions.
Step 4: according to design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that the primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactor meet the requirements, the radius R of the coupling reactor encapsulation coil and the height H of the encapsulation coil are adjusted, different design data are obtained under the condition that the coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, and the relation between the radius R of the coupling reactor encapsulation coil and the height H of the coil is obtained in a linear fitting mode. The method comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: the method for calculating the coupling coefficient k of the coupling reactor can be as follows:
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, M is the mutual inductance of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor, L 1 、L 2 The primary and secondary side inductances are respectively;
step 4.2: selecting proper value ranges of the radius R of the encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil according to actual coil parameters of the reactor body; by means of a reactor design program, under the condition that the primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactor meet the requirements, the radius R of an encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil in the reactor are adjusted, and a series of design results meeting the primary and secondary side inductances and the coupling coefficients are obtained.
Step 4.3: according to the design result, a least square fitting mode is adopted, and a relation between the radius R of the encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil is obtained on the premise that the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor are met, as shown in a formula (5):
H=f(R) (5)
step 5: according to the oil tank structure type outside the coupling reactor coil, confirm the factor that influences the vice limit oscillation current of coupling reactor, include: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 And a tank thickness d; as shown in fig. 3. And establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a converter circuit in the direct current breaker according to the design parameters and the oil tank parameters of the coupling reactor body coil.
According to actual coupling reactor body coil and oil tank parameters, establishing a field-circuit coupling simulation model of a converter circuit by means of simulation software such as ANSOFT and the like; in order to give consideration to the calculation accuracy and calculation time in the simulation process, mesh generation near the coil and the oil tank is relatively dense, mesh generation near the coil and the oil tank is relatively sparse when the coil and the oil tank are far away, and boundary conditions of a calculation domain in the simulation model can be set according to actual conditions.
Step 6: the encapsulated coil height H of the coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of the oil tank and the coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 And the thickness d of the oil tank is used as a variable factor, and the value range of each parameter is determined; and combining the orthogonal test method with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: according to the operation condition of the direct current breaker in the system, the insulation requirements between the body coil of the coupling reactor and the oil tank are combined, and the range of the values of the parameters of the body coil of the reactor and the oil tank, which influence the secondary oscillation current of the coupling reactor, is determined.
Step 6.2: according to the influence factor of the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor, R, H is 1 、H 2 、H 3 、H 4 And d; the 5 levels were selected for each factor, and a total of 5 were found after alignment 6 =15625 combinations; in order to reduce the calculated amount and have higher accuracy, the combination of the orthogonal test method and the finite element method can be adopted to obtain L 25 5 6 Orthogonal experimental table=25, can significantly reduce the simulation calculation effort.
Step 6.3: based on the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank of the coupling reactor under the orthogonal test table, a field-path coupling simulation model of the converter loop under different coupling reactor parameters is established, and finally, a secondary side oscillation current simulation result of the reactor is obtained, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 7: according to parameters of a body coil of the coupling reactor and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil-immersed coupling reactor, the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor under the condition of meeting the requirements of the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor is finally obtained by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the requirements of the direct current breaker on the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor.
According to the parameters of the body coil of the coupling reactor and the parameters of the oil tank, establishing a mathematical relation formula between the whole volume of the coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank, as shown in a formula (6):
V=f(R,H 1 ,H 2 ,H 3 ,H 4 ,d 1 ) (6)
v is the volume of the oil immersed type coupling reactor, and d is the thickness of the oil tank.
And the secondary side oscillation current and the volume of the coupling reactor under the orthogonal experiment table are combined with the parameter requirements of the direct current breaker on the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor, and finally, the design result under the condition of meeting the parameter requirements of the secondary side current of the coupling reactor is obtained.
Claims (7)
1. The design method of the miniaturized oil immersed hollow coupling reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: according to the parameters of a current conversion loop in the coupling type mechanical direct current breaker, determining the performance parameters of primary and secondary side inductances and coupling coefficients of the coupling reactor by combining the operation working conditions of a direct current system;
step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined by combining the primary side voltage withstand level and the secondary side voltage withstand level of the coupling reactor;
step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equation constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the inductance performance parameters of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor; obtaining design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software;
step 4: according to design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that the primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactor meet the requirements, adjusting the radius R of an encapsulation coil of the coupling reactor and the height H of the encapsulation coil, under the condition that the coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, obtaining different design data, and obtaining a relation between the radius R of the encapsulation coil of the coupling reactor and the height H of the coil in a fitting mode;
step 5: according to the oil tank structure type outside the coupling reactor coil, confirm the factor that influences the vice limit oscillation current of coupling reactor, include: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 The thickness d of the oil tank; according to design parameters and oil tank parameters of the coupling reactor body coil, a field-circuit coupling model of a converter circuit in the direct current breaker is established;
step 6: the encapsulated coil height H of the coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of the oil tank and the coil 1 Insulation distance H between low end of oil tank and coil 2 Insulation distance H between front side of oil tank and coil 3 Insulation distance H between right side of oil tank and coil 4 The thickness d of the oil tank is used as a variable factor, and the value range of each parameter is determined; combining the orthogonal test method with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters;
step 7: according to parameters of a body coil of the coupling reactor and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil-immersed coupling reactor, the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor under the condition of meeting the requirements of the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor is finally obtained by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the requirements of the direct current breaker on the secondary oscillation current parameters of the coupling reactor.
2. The method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in step 1: the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor is represented by the following formula (1):
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, U 0 For charging voltage value, L 1 And L 2 Is the primary and secondary side inductance S, S 1 And S is 2 The method is represented by capacitance parameters, primary and secondary side inductances and coupling coefficients, and the parameter selection of the coupling reactor can be determined according to the amplitude of the required switching-on current and the oscillation frequency of the converter current.
3. The method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 3, the constraint condition of the body coil encapsulation voltage equation meeting the requirement of the primary and secondary side inductance parameter is shown as the following formula (2):
wherein W is i 、I i Turns and current, L, of envelope i, respectively 1 、L 2 Respectively the primary side inductance and the secondary side inductance of the coupling reactor, I 11 、I 22 The primary side current and the secondary side current are respectively, m is the total encapsulation quantity of the coupling reactor, and f ij To encapsulate the mutual inductance geometry between i and j.
4. The method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 3, the constraint condition of the equation should also include that the heights and the thermal loads of the encapsulated coils are substantially the same, as shown in the following formula (3);
wherein W is i ,I i Turns and current of envelope i, respectively; w (W) j ,I j Turns and current of envelope j, respectively; s is S i And H i The cross-sectional area and height of the conductor for encapsulation i.
5. The method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: the method for calculating the coupling coefficient k of the coupling reactor can be as follows:
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, M is the mutual inductance of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor, L 1 、L 2 The primary and secondary side inductances are respectively; step 4.2: selecting proper value ranges of the radius R of the encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil according to actual coil parameters of the reactor body; under the condition that the primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactors meet the requirements, the radius R and the height H of the encapsulated coils in the reactors are adjusted by means of the reactor design program, and a series of design results meeting the primary and secondary side inductances and the coupling coefficients are obtained;
step 4.3: according to the design result, a least square fitting mode is adopted to obtain a relation between the radius R of the encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil, as shown in a formula (5):
H=f(R) (5)。
6. the method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 5, a field-circuit coupling model of a converter circuit in the direct current breaker is established by means of ANSOFT electromagnetic field simulation software according to actual coupling reactor body coil and oil tank parameters; and combining the orthogonal test method with the field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters.
7. The method for designing the miniaturized oil-immersed hollow coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 7, a mathematical relationship between the whole volume of the coupling reactor and parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established according to the parameters of the body coil of the coupling reactor and the parameters of the oil tank, as shown in the formula (6):
V=f(R,H 1 ,H 2 ,H 3 ,H 4 ,d) (6)
v is the volume of the oil immersed type coupling reactor, and d is the thickness of the oil tank.
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