CN110826198A - Design method of small oil immersion type hollow coupling reactor - Google Patents
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Abstract
A design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor comprises the steps of determining the primary and secondary side inductance and coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor according to the current conversion loop parameters in a mechanical direct current breaker; forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil according to the performance parameters; determining an insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes; forming an encapsulation voltage equality constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement; obtaining design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil; obtaining different design data, and obtaining a relational expression of the radius of the coil enveloped by the coupling reactor and the height of the coil in a linear fitting mode; determining factors influencing secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor, and establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a commutation loop in the direct current breaker. The orthogonal test method is combined with the field-circuit coupling simulation calculation method, the secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters is obtained, and the minimum volume of the reactor under the condition that the secondary side oscillation current parameter requirement of the coupling reactor is met is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of reactor design, and particularly relates to a design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor.
Background
In recent years, with the development of flexible direct current transmission technology and the development of high-power electronic technology, high-voltage direct current transmission is valued and developed with its unique advantages, wherein, the coupling type mechanical direct current circuit breaker has the advantages of high on-off reliability, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to direct current transmission systems. Such as chinese patent "a coupling reactor type high voltage dc current limiter" (application number: 201811559198.1). The coupling reactor is used as key equipment of the coupling type mechanical direct current breaker, and the fault current is successfully cut off by generating an artificial zero crossing point through superposition of the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor in the current conversion loop and the system current. In order to realize that the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor meets the on-off requirement of the direct current breaker, the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor are of great importance under the condition that the capacitance parameter of the current conversion loop is kept unchanged.
The existing design method of the reactor mainly aims at the common reactor, and the design requirements of both the inductance and the coupling coefficient can not be met; meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence of the coupling reactor on surrounding equipment in the operation process, an oil tank is usually additionally arranged outside the reactor coil, and after the oil tank is additionally arranged, a magnetic field generated when the coupling reactor coil flows through is superposed with a magnetic field generated by wall surface eddy currents of the oil tank, so that the primary and secondary side inductances and the coupling coefficients of the coupling reactor are changed, and the amplitude and the frequency of secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor are directly influenced. In addition, due to the requirement of the size of the installation site of the transformer substation, on the premise of meeting the requirement of a direct-current breaker on the performance parameter of the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor, how to realize the miniaturization design of the reactor becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor, which combines a field-path coupling finite element method and an orthogonal test method through the design of a coupling reactor body coil and an oil tank, and realizes the miniaturization of the reactor on the premise of meeting the performance parameter requirement of secondary oscillation current of the coupling reactor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the parameters of a current conversion loop in the mechanical direct current breaker, the performance parameters of primary and secondary side inductance and coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor are determined by combining the operation condition of a direct current system;
step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined by combining the primary and secondary voltage-resistant levels of the coupling reactor;
and step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equality constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the primary and secondary side inductance performance parameters of the coupling reactor; obtaining design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software;
and 4, step 4: according to design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that primary and secondary side inductances of a coupling reactor meet requirements, adjusting the radius R and the height H of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor, under the condition that a coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, obtaining different design data, and obtaining a relational expression of the radius R and the height H of the encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor in a fitting mode;
and 5: determining factors influencing secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor according to the structural form of an oil tank on the outer side of a coil of the coupling reactor, wherein the factors comprise: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil1The insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4And a tank thickness d; and establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a current conversion loop in the direct current breaker according to the design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil and the parameters of the oil tank.
Step 6: the height H of an encapsulated coil of a coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of an oil tank and the coil1Insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4The thickness d of the oil tank is taken as a variable factor, and the value range of each parameter is determined; and combining an orthogonal test method with a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation method to obtain a secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters.
And 7: according to parameters of a coupling reactor body coil and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil immersed coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor is finally obtained under the condition that the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the coupling reactor are met by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the direct current circuit breaker on the coupling reactor.
The invention discloses a method for designing a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor, which has the following technical effects:
1) a coupling structure type suitable for an oil immersed air core coupling reactor is provided, and a reactor body coil design method for realizing that all encapsulated coils have basically the same height and thermal load is obtained on the basis.
2) And combining an orthogonal test method with a field-path coupling simulation calculation method to obtain the rule of influence of the oil tank parameters on the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor.
3) And a mathematical expression among the volume of the oil immersed hollow coupling reactor, the body coil and the oil tank parameter is established, so that the miniaturization requirement of the coupling reactor under the requirement of meeting the performance parameter is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the overall design of the oil-immersed air core coupling reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2(a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a coil of an oil-immersed coupling reactor body according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a first type of encapsulated coil coupling structure of the oil-immersed type coupling reactor according to the present invention;
fig. 2(c) shows a second encapsulated coil coupling structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention; wherein, 1 is an encapsulated coil, and 2 is an oil tank.
Fig. 3(b) is a left side view of the overall structure schematic diagram of the oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3(c) is a schematic plan view of the overall structure of the oil-immersed coupling reactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the secondary side oscillation current of the field-circuit coupled coupling reactor of the commutation loop.
Detailed Description
A design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the parameters of a commutation loop in the mechanical direct current breaker, the parameters mainly comprise capacitance parameters and charging voltage in the commutation loop; and finally determining parameters such as primary and secondary side inductances, coupling coefficients and the like of the coupling reactor by combining actual operation conditions of the direct current system, including on-off short-circuit current and rated current.
Wherein, the secondary side oscillation current can be represented by the following formula (1):
where k is the coupling coefficient, U0To a charging voltage value, L1And L2S, S for primary and secondary side inductance1And S2Can be represented by capacitance parameters, primary and secondary side inductances and coupling coefficients. The parameter selection of the coupling reactor can be determined according to the amplitude of the required breaking current and the oscillation frequency of the commutation current.
Step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined by combining the primary and secondary side voltage-resistant levels of the coupling reactor.
The structure of the encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor is shown in figure 2(a), six encapsulated coils are taken as an example, the structure is mainly divided into two coupling structure types, ①, the encapsulated coils forming the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor are arranged at intervals, the encapsulation is separated by oil ducts, namely encapsulation 1-3-5 forms the primary side of the coupling reactor, encapsulation 2-4-6 forms the secondary side, as shown in figure 2(b), ②, the encapsulated coil forming the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling reactor is arranged internally and externally, namely encapsulation 1-2-3 forms the primary side of the coupling reactor, and encapsulation 4-5-6 forms the secondary side, as shown in figure 2 (c).
Determining the primary and secondary voltage-withstanding level of the actual coupling reactor according to the coupling structure form of the coupling reactor body coil and the parameters of a current conversion loop in the direct-current circuit breaker; taking the coupling structure type as shown in fig. 2(b) as an example, the voltage to be borne between the envelopes is the voltage between the two arms of the coupling reactor, and finally the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined.
And step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equality constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the primary and secondary side inductance performance parameters of the coupling reactor; and obtaining design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software.
Taking the structural style of the coupling reactor in fig. 2(b) as an example, the constraint condition of the body coil encapsulation voltage equation meeting the primary and secondary side inductance parameter requirements is shown in the following formula (2):
wherein, Wi，IiNumber of turns and current, L, respectively, of envelope i1、L2Primary and secondary inductances of the coupling reactor, I11、I22Respectively primary and secondary side currents, m is the total encapsulation quantity of the coupling reactor, fijIs the mutual inductance geometry between envelope i and j.
The constraints of the equation should also include that the height and thermal load of each encapsulated coil is substantially the same, as shown in equation (3) below:
wherein S isi、HiThe conductor cross-sectional area and height of envelope i, respectively; h is designed reactor envelope coil height, Wj，IjThe number of turns and the current of envelope j, respectively.
And forming a coupling reactor body coil design method meeting the primary and secondary side inductance parameter requirements by using MATLAB and other programming software and the above equality constraint conditions.
And 4, step 4: according to the design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that the primary side inductance and the secondary side inductance of the coupling reactor meet the requirements, the radius R and the height H of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil are adjusted, different design data are obtained under the condition that the coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, and the relational expression of the radius R and the height H of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil is obtained in a linear fitting mode. The method comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: the calculation method of the coupling coefficient k of the coupling reactor can be as follows:
wherein k is coupling coefficient, M is mutual inductance of primary side and secondary side of the coupling reactor, and L1、L2Are respectively an original secondary side inductor;
step 4.2: selecting a proper value range of the radius R and the height H of the encapsulated coil according to actual parameters of the reactor body coil; by means of a reactor design program, under the condition that primary and secondary side inductances of the coupling reactor meet requirements, the radius R and the height H of an encapsulated coil in the reactor are adjusted, and a series of design results meeting the primary and secondary side inductances and the coupling coefficient are obtained.
Step 4.3: according to the design result, a least square fitting mode is adopted, and a relational expression of the radius R of the packaging coil and the height H of the packaging coil is obtained on the premise of meeting the primary and secondary side inductances and the coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor, as shown in formula (5):
H＝f(R) (5)
and 5: determining factors influencing secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor according to the structural form of an oil tank on the outer side of a coil of the coupling reactor, wherein the factors comprise: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil1The insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4And a tank thickness d; as shown in fig. 3. And establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a current conversion loop in the direct current breaker according to the design parameters of the coupling reactor body coil and the parameters of the oil tank.
Establishing a field-circuit coupling simulation model of the converter circuit by means of simulation software such as ANSOFT (ANSOFT open loop transform) and the like according to actual parameters of a coupling reactor body coil and an oil tank; in order to take account of the accuracy and the time length of calculation in the simulation process, meshes are relatively densely divided near the coil and the oil tank, meshes are relatively sparse when the coils and the oil tank are far away, and boundary conditions of a calculation domain in the simulation model can be set according to actual conditions.
Step 6: the height H of an encapsulated coil of a coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of an oil tank and the coil1The insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4And the thickness d of the oil tank are taken as variable factors, and the value range of each parameter is determined; and combining an orthogonal test method with a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation method to obtain a secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: and determining the value range of the reactor body coil and the oil tank parameters influencing the secondary oscillation current of the coupling reactor according to the operation condition of the direct-current circuit breaker in the system and by combining the insulation requirement between the coupling reactor body coil and the oil tank.
Step 6.2: r, H according to the influence factor of the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor1、H2、H3、H4And d; each factor was selected at 5 levels, for a total of 5 after alignment615625 combinations; to reduce the amount of computation while having a higher accuracy, positiveL can be obtained by combining the cross test method and the finite element method2556The simulation calculation workload can be reduced remarkably by the orthogonal experiment table of 25.
Step 6.3: based on the parameters of the coupling reactor body coil and the oil tank under the orthogonal test table, a field-circuit coupling simulation model of the converter circuit under different coupling reactor parameters is established, and finally, a simulation result of the secondary side oscillation current of the reactor is obtained, as shown in fig. 4.
And 7: according to parameters of a coupling reactor body coil and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil immersed coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor is finally obtained under the condition that the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the coupling reactor are met by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the direct current breaker on the coupling reactor.
Establishing a mathematical relation between the whole volume of the coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank according to the parameters of the body coil and the parameters of the oil tank of the coupling reactor, as shown in formula (6):
V＝f(R,H1,H2,H3,H4,d1) (6)
wherein, V is the volume of the oil immersed coupling reactor, and d is the thickness of the oil tank.
And the secondary side oscillating current and the volume of the coupling reactor under the orthogonal experiment table are combined with the parameter requirement of the direct current breaker on the secondary side oscillating current of the coupling reactor, and finally the design result meeting the secondary side current parameter requirement of the coupling reactor is obtained.
Claims (7)
1. A design method of a small oil immersion type air-core coupling reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: according to the parameters of a current conversion loop in the coupling type mechanical direct current breaker, the performance parameters of primary and secondary side inductance and coupling coefficient of the coupling reactor are determined by combining the operation condition of a direct current system;
step 2: forming a coupling structure type and an oil tank structure type of the coupling reactor encapsulated coil according to the primary and secondary side inductance and the coupling coefficient performance parameters of the coupling reactor; on the basis, the insulation distance of the coil between the envelopes is determined by combining the primary and secondary voltage-resistant levels of the coupling reactor;
and step 3: forming an encapsulation voltage equality constraint condition meeting the inductance parameter requirement according to the primary and secondary side inductance performance parameters of the coupling reactor; obtaining design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil through MATLAB programming software;
and 4, step 4: according to design parameters of a coupling reactor body coil, under the condition that primary and secondary side inductances of a coupling reactor meet requirements, adjusting the radius R and the height H of an encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor, under the condition that a coupling coefficient k meets the design requirements, obtaining different design data, and obtaining a relational expression of the radius R and the height H of the encapsulated coil of the coupling reactor in a fitting mode;
and 5: determining factors influencing secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor according to the structural form of an oil tank on the outer side of a coil of the coupling reactor, wherein the factors comprise: insulation distance H between top end of oil tank and coil1The insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4The thickness d of the oil tank; establishing a field-circuit coupling model of a current conversion loop in the direct current breaker according to design parameters and oil tank parameters of a coupling reactor body coil;
step 6: the height H of an encapsulated coil of a coupling reactor body coil and the insulation distance H between the top end of an oil tank and the coil1Insulation distance H between the lower end of the oil tank and the coil2The insulation distance H between the front side of the oil tank and the coil3The insulation distance H between the right side of the oil tank and the coil4The thickness d of the oil tank is taken as a variable factor, and the value range of each parameter is determined; combining an orthogonal test method with a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation method to obtain secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation results of the coupling reactors under different parameters;
and 7: according to parameters of a coupling reactor body coil and parameters of an oil tank structure type, a mathematical expression reflecting the volume of the oil immersed coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established, and the minimum volume of the reactor is finally obtained under the condition that the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the coupling reactor are met by combining a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation result and the secondary oscillation current parameter requirements of the direct current circuit breaker on the coupling reactor.
2. The method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 1: the secondary side oscillation current of the coupling reactor is represented by the following formula (1):
where k is the coupling coefficient, U0To a charging voltage value, L1And L2S, S for primary and secondary side inductance1And S2The parameters of the coupling reactor can be determined according to the amplitude of the required breaking current and the oscillation frequency of the commutation current.
3. The method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 3, the constraint condition of the encapsulation voltage equation of the body coil meeting the parameter requirement of the primary and secondary side inductances is shown as the following formula (2):
wherein, Wi、IiNumber of turns and current, L, respectively, of envelope i1、L2Primary and secondary inductances of the coupling reactor, I11、I22Respectively primary and secondary side currents, m is the total encapsulation quantity of the coupling reactor, fijIs the mutual inductance geometry between envelope i and j.
4. The method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in step 3, the equality constraint condition should further include that the height and the heat load of each encapsulated coil are substantially the same, as shown in the following formula (3);
wherein S isiAnd HiThe cross-sectional area and height of the conductor to encapsulate i.
5. The method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: the calculation method of the coupling coefficient k of the coupling reactor can be as follows:
wherein k is coupling coefficient, M is mutual inductance of primary side and secondary side of the coupling reactor, and L1、L2Are respectively an original secondary side inductor;
step 4.2: selecting a proper value range of the radius R and the height H of the encapsulated coil according to actual parameters of the reactor body coil; by means of a reactor design program, under the condition that primary and secondary side inductances of a coupling reactor meet requirements, the radius R and the height H of an encapsulated coil in the reactor are adjusted to obtain a series of design results meeting the primary and secondary side inductances and coupling coefficients;
step 4.3: according to the design result, a least square fitting mode is adopted to obtain a relation formula of the radius R of the encapsulated coil and the height H of the encapsulated coil, wherein the relation formula is shown as a formula (5):
H＝f(R) (5)。
6. the method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 5, a field-circuit coupling model of a current conversion loop in the direct current circuit breaker is established by means of ANSOFT electromagnetic field simulation software according to actual parameters of a coupling reactor body coil and an oil tank; and combining an orthogonal test method with a field-circuit coupling simulation calculation method to obtain a secondary side oscillation current simulation calculation result of the coupling reactor under different parameters.
7. The method for designing the small-sized oil-immersed air-core coupling reactor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step 7, a mathematical relation between the whole volume of the coupling reactor and the parameters of the body coil and the oil tank is established according to the parameters of the body coil and the parameters of the oil tank of the coupling reactor, as shown in formula (6):
V＝f(R,H1,H2,H3,H4,d1) (6)
wherein, V is the volume of the oil immersed coupling reactor, and d is the thickness of the oil tank.
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