CN110823765B - Device and method for testing flow form and friction characteristic of pumped concrete - Google Patents
Device and method for testing flow form and friction characteristic of pumped concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN110823765B CN110823765B CN201911104560.0A CN201911104560A CN110823765B CN 110823765 B CN110823765 B CN 110823765B CN 201911104560 A CN201911104560 A CN 201911104560A CN 110823765 B CN110823765 B CN 110823765B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of pumped concrete. The device comprises a vertical pipe, a bent pipe, a horizontal straight pipe and a rubber hose, wherein the pipe diameter and the wall thickness of the vertical pipe are consistent, and the vertical pipe, the bent pipe, the horizontal straight pipe and the rubber hose are sequentially connected through flanges and are communicated with one another; the two bent pipes are respectively fixed at two ends of the rubber hose through two horizontal straight pipes, and the bent pipes are fixed through the base; the upper end of the bent pipe at one side is connected with a sealing cover, and the upper end of the bent pipe at the other side is connected with a vertical pipe; the extrusion device is arranged below the rubber hose, so that the rubber hose can be extruded and deformed along the radial direction. The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, low cost, high efficiency and wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of pumped concrete.
Background
In order to meet the construction requirement of concrete ultrahigh buildings, long-distance pumping construction needs to be carried out on concrete, and researches show that the concrete mixture mainly advances in a pipeline by means of promoting the sliding motion of a concrete lubricating layer by means of power of a conveying pump, the flowing form of the concrete, particularly the existence form of the concrete lubricating layer, can have important influence on the sliding motion and is also an important basis of a concrete rheological model; meanwhile, in the sliding conveying process of the concrete, the pumping construction can be realized only by overcoming the frictional resistance between the concrete mixture and the conveying pipe, and the pressure loss of the concrete conveying pump is caused by the frictional resistance.
However, at present, the study on the flow form of the concrete mixture in the conveying pipe is very little by scholars at home and abroad, and the germany Putzmeister company develops and develops a slide-tube rheometer to study the thickness of a concrete lubricating layer, but the slide-tube rheometer is greatly different from the actual pumping construction condition (most importantly, viscous flow is not considered), and has high cost and complex operation. On the other hand, the research on the friction characteristic between the concrete mixture and the conveying pipe is almost blank at home and abroad.
Therefore, it is necessary to research a method and a test device for researching the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete, to research and analyze the flow form of the concrete mixture in the conveying pipe, to determine the thicknesses of different concrete lubricating layers, to provide a basis for establishing a concrete rheology model, and to research the friction characteristic and a calculation formula thereof between the concrete mixture and the conveying pipe, to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for concrete pumping construction, and to ensure smooth progress of engineering construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the flowing form and the friction characteristic of pumped concrete, which are used for researching and analyzing the flowing form of concrete mixtures in a conveying pipe under the action of pressure, establishing thickness curves of lubricating layers of different concrete mixtures under the action of different pressures and providing a basis for establishing a concrete rheology model; the friction characteristic between the concrete mixture and the conveying pipe under the action of pressure is researched and analyzed, a concrete friction coefficient calculation formula is established, theoretical guidance and technical support are provided for concrete pumping construction, particularly pump pressure determination, and smooth engineering construction is guaranteed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention comprises the following technical scheme:
a testing device for flow form and friction characteristic of pumped concrete comprises a vertical pipe, a bent pipe, a horizontal straight pipe and a rubber hose, wherein the pipe diameter and the wall thickness of the vertical pipe are consistent, the vertical pipe, the bent pipe, the horizontal straight pipe and the rubber hose are sequentially connected through flanges and are mutually communicated; the number of the bent pipes and the number of the horizontal straight pipes are two, the two bent pipes are fixed at two ends of the rubber hose through the two horizontal straight pipes respectively, and the bent pipes are fixed through the base; the upper end of the bent pipe on one side is connected with a sealing cover, and the upper end of the bent pipe on the other side is connected with the vertical pipe; the rubber hose extruding device is arranged below the rubber hose, so that the rubber hose is extruded and deformed along the radial direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a testing device for flow form and friction characteristic of pumped concrete, which comprises a vertical pipe, a bent pipe, a horizontal straight pipe and a rubber hose, wherein the pipe diameter and the wall thickness of the vertical pipe are consistent, and the vertical pipe, the bent pipe, the horizontal straight pipe and the rubber hose are sequentially connected through flanges and are mutually communicated; the two bent pipes are respectively fixed at two ends of the rubber hose through two horizontal straight pipes, and the bent pipes are fixed through the base; the upper end of the bent pipe at one side is connected with a sealing cover, and the upper end of the bent pipe at the other side is connected with a vertical pipe; the extrusion device is arranged below the rubber hose, so that the rubber hose can be extruded and deformed along the radial direction. The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, low cost, high efficiency and wide applicability.
(2) The invention provides a basis for building a concrete rheological model by determining the upper liquid surface curve y ═ f (x) of the concrete mixture and the thickness curve d ═ f (F) of a lubricating layer of different concrete mixtures under different pressure actions.
(3) According to the test method for the friction characteristics of the pumped concrete, the friction coefficient mu between different concrete mixtures and a conveying pipe under different pressure actions is obtained by establishing a friction coefficient calculation formula Fj-F0 ═ K (mu Fj pi r + rho g) hj, and theoretical guidance and technical support are provided for concrete pumping construction, particularly for determination of pumping pressure.
Furthermore, in order to obtain materials conveniently and save cost, the vertical pipe is a transparent pipe made of organic glass or plastic.
Further, the extrusion device comprises a push rod, a tensile machine, a control box and a slide rail. Through the effect of tensile machine for control box control push rod moves along the slide rail, thereby makes the rubber hose along predetermineeing the direction extrusion deformation.
Further, the riser is graduated in view of the need to record the rise of the concrete mix as it is being pumped for frictional characteristics.
Furthermore, be equipped with two support bases on the base, two support bases are used for supporting two respectively the return bend provides the guarantee for whole test device's stability.
The invention also provides a test method for the flowing form of the pump concrete, which comprises the following steps:
step one, providing the testing device for the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete according to claim 1 for standby, and respectively fixing two bent pipes at two ends of a rubber hose through two horizontal straight pipes; wherein, the stand pipe is an organic glass pipe;
step two, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the bent pipe at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the bent pipes at two sides, and plugging the bent pipe at the side by using a sealing cover;
step three, firmly connecting the organic glass tube with the bent tube at the other side, so that slurry cannot overflow;
placing a high-definition camera in front of the organic glass tube, and starting the high-definition camera;
step five, starting an extrusion device, extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose at a certain thrust F and a certain speed V, and enabling the concrete mixture to move upwards along the organic glass pipe until the curve of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture is stable;
step six, closing the high-definition camera, and recording a flow form image of the concrete mixture;
step seven, closing the extrusion device to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose;
step eight, determining a curve equation of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture through image analysis, and simultaneously converting the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture in an image equal proportion;
step nine, repeating the step five to the step eight to obtain an upper liquid surface curve equation of the concrete mixture and the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture under the action of different thrusts F and speeds V of the concrete mixture with the mixing ratio;
step ten, selecting concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios, and repeating the step two to the step nine to obtain the upper liquid level curve y ═ f (x) and the thickness curve d ═ f (F) of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios under the action of different pressures.
The invention also provides a test method for the friction characteristic of the pump concrete, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, providing the device for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete according to claim 1 for standby, and respectively fixing two bent pipes at two ends of a rubber hose through two horizontal straight pipes; wherein, the vertical pipe is a steel pipe;
step S2, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the bent pipe at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the bent pipes at two sides, and sealing the bent pipe at the side by using a sealing cover;
step S3, starting an extrusion device, and extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose at a certain thrust F0 and a certain speed V0 until the rubber hose is completely deformed;
s4, floating the bent pipe on the other side, and firmly connecting the steel pipe with the bent pipe on the other side without overflowing slurry;
step S5, putting the floating plate and the graduated scale into the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture;
step S6, starting an extrusion device, extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose at a certain thrust F1 and a certain speed V1 to enable the concrete mixture to move upwards along the steel pipe, and recording the relation between the thrust F1 and the travel hi of the concrete mixture in real time until the rubber hose is completely deformed;
step S7, closing the extrusion device to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose;
step S8, repeating the step S6, and recording the relation between the thrust Fi and the travel of the concrete mixture under the action of a certain thrust Fi and speed Vi;
step S9, repeating the steps S2 to S8 to obtain the relation between the thrust Fj and the concrete mixture stroke hj of different concrete mixtures under the action of different pressures;
and step S10, calculating friction coefficients mu between different concrete mixtures and the conveying pipe under different pressure actions through a formula Fj-F0 ═ K (mu Fj pi r + rho g) hj, wherein K is a conversion coefficient between horizontal extrusion thrust and vertical thrust, rho is the density of the concrete mixtures, and r is the radius of the steel pipe.
Further, the step S5 includes: and firmly adhering the bottom of the graduated scale with the floating plate, and placing the graduated scale on the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture, wherein the diameter of the floating plate is smaller than that of the steel pipe and is used for recording the rising height of the concrete mixture in the vertical pipe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a riser; 2-bending the pipe; 3-horizontal straight pipe; 4-a rubber hose; 5-an extrusion device; 6-a base; 7-a floating plate; 8-a graduated scale; 9-sealing the cover.
Detailed Description
The flow pattern and friction characteristic testing device and method for pumping concrete provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent when considered in conjunction with the following description and claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention. For convenience of description, the directions of "up" and "down" described below are the same as the directions of "up" and "down" in the drawings, but this is not a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the structural components of the apparatus for testing the flowing form and the frictional characteristics of the pumped concrete according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in figure 1, the device for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete comprises a vertical pipe 1, an elbow pipe 2, a horizontal straight pipe 3 and a rubber hose 4, wherein the pipe diameter and the wall thickness of the vertical pipe are consistent, and the vertical pipe 1, the elbow pipe 2, the horizontal straight pipe 3 and the rubber hose 4 are connected in sequence through flanges and are mutually communicated; the number of the bent pipes and the number of the horizontal straight pipes 3 are two, the two bent pipes 2 are respectively fixed at two ends of the rubber hose 4 through the two horizontal straight pipes 3, and the bent pipes 2 are fixed through the base 6; the upper end of the bent pipe 2 at one side is connected with the vertical pipe 1, and the upper end of the bent pipe 2 at the other side is connected with the sealing cover; the rubber hose extruding device further comprises an extruding device 5, wherein the extruding device 5 is arranged below the rubber hose 4 so that the rubber hose 4 is extruded and deformed along the radial direction.
Specifically, according to the device for testing the flow form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete, the two ends of the rubber hose 4 are connected with the bent pipes 2, the upper end of the bent pipe 2 on one side is connected with the vertical pipe 1, the upper end of the bent pipe 2 on the other side is provided with the sealing cover 9, the two bent pipes 2 are respectively fixed at the two ends of the rubber hose 4 through the two horizontal straight pipes 3, the bent pipes 2 are fixed through the base 6, and the diameters and the wall thicknesses of all pipelines are consistent; a squeezing device 5 is arranged below the rubber hose 4, so that the rubber hose 4 can be squeezed and deformed in the radial direction. The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, low cost, high efficiency and wide applicability.
In this embodiment, more preferably, in order to obtain materials conveniently and save cost, the vertical tube 1 is a transparent tube made of organic glass or plastic.
In the present embodiment, it is more preferable that the pressing device 5 includes a push rod, a tensile machine, a control box, and a slide rail. Through the action of the tensile machine, the control box controls the push rod to move along the slide rail, so that the rubber hose 4 is extruded and deformed along the preset direction.
In this embodiment, it is more preferable that the riser 1 is provided with a scale in consideration of the need to record the elevation of the concrete mix when measuring the frictional characteristics of the pumped concrete.
In this embodiment, more preferably, two support bases are provided on the base 6, and the two support bases are respectively used for supporting the two elbows 2, so as to provide a guarantee for the stability of the whole testing apparatus.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the present embodiment further provides a method for testing the flow form of the pumped concrete, the method includes the following steps:
step one, providing the pumped concrete flow form and friction characteristic test device for standby, and respectively fixing two bent pipes 2 at two ends of a rubber hose 4 through two horizontal straight pipes 3; wherein, the stand pipe 1 is an organic glass pipe;
step two, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the bent pipe 2 at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the bent pipes 2 at two sides, and plugging the bent pipe 2 at the side by using a sealing cover 9;
step three, firmly connecting the organic glass tube with the bent tube 2 at the other side, and preventing slurry from overflowing;
placing a high-definition camera in front of the organic glass tube, and starting the high-definition camera;
step five, starting the extrusion device 5, extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose 4 at a certain thrust F and a certain speed V, so that the concrete mixture moves upwards along the organic glass tube until the curve of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture is stable;
step six, turning off the high-definition camera, and recording a flow form image of the concrete mixture;
step seven, closing the extrusion device 5 to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose 4;
step eight, determining a curve equation of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture through image analysis, and simultaneously converting the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture in an image equal proportion;
step nine, repeating the step five to the step eight to obtain an upper liquid surface curve equation of the concrete mixture and the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture under the action of different thrusts F and speeds V of the concrete mixture with the mixing ratio;
step ten, selecting concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios, and repeating the step two to the step nine to obtain the upper liquid level curve y ═ f (x) and the thickness curve d ═ f (F) of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios under the action of different pressures.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the present embodiment further provides a method for testing the friction characteristics of pumping concrete, which includes the following steps:
step S1, providing the testing device for the flowing form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete for standby, and respectively fixing the two bent pipes 2 at two ends of the rubber hose 4 through the two horizontal straight pipes 3; wherein, the vertical pipe 1 is a steel pipe;
step S2, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the elbow pipe 2 at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the elbow pipes 2 at two sides, and sealing the elbow pipe at the side by using a sealing cover 9;
step S3, starting the extruding device to push with a certain pushing force F0And velocity V0Extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose 4 until the rubber hose 4 is completely deformed;
step S4, floating the bent pipe 2 at the other side, and firmly connecting the steel pipe with the bent pipe 2 at the side without overflowing slurry;
step S5, putting the floating plate 7 and the graduated scale 8 into the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture;
step S6, starting the extrusion device 5 to push with a certain pushing force F1And velocity V1The concrete mixture in the rubber hose 4 is extruded to move upwards along the steel pipe, and the thrust F is recorded in real time1Travel h with concrete mixtureiUntil the rubber hose 4 is completely deformed;
step S7, closing the extrusion device 5 to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose 4;
step S8, repeating step S6, recording a certain thrust FiAnd velocity ViUnder the action of thrust FiTravel with concrete mixture (i.e. rise height h)1) The relationship between;
step S9, repeating the steps S2 to S8 to obtain the thrust F of different concrete mixtures under the action of different pressuresjTravel h with concrete mixturejThe relationship between;
step S10, passing formula Fj-F0＝K(μFjπr+ρg)hjAnd calculating friction coefficients mu between different concrete mixtures and the conveying pipe under different pressure actions, wherein K is a conversion coefficient between horizontal extrusion thrust and vertical thrust, rho is the density of the concrete mixtures, and r is the radius of the steel pipe.
In the present embodiment, more preferably, step S5 includes: the bottom of the graduated scale 8 is firmly adhered to the floating plate 7 and is placed on the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture, and the diameter of the floating plate 7 is smaller than that of the steel pipe and is used for recording the rising height of the concrete mixture in the vertical pipe 1.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A test method for the flowing form of pumped concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, providing a testing device for the flowing form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete for standby, wherein the testing device for the flowing form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete comprises: the pipe diameter and the wall thickness are consistent, and the vertical pipe, the bent pipe, the horizontal straight pipe and the rubber hose are connected through flanges in sequence and are communicated with each other; the number of the bent pipes and the number of the horizontal straight pipes are two, the two bent pipes are fixed at two ends of the rubber hose through the two horizontal straight pipes respectively, and the bent pipes are fixed through the base; the upper end of the bent pipe on one side is connected with a sealing cover, and the upper end of the bent pipe on the other side is connected with the vertical pipe; the rubber hose extruding device is arranged below the rubber hose so that the rubber hose can be extruded and deformed along the radial direction; wherein, the stand pipe is an organic glass pipe;
step two, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the bent pipe at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the bent pipes at two sides, and plugging the bent pipe at the side by using a sealing cover;
step three, firmly connecting the organic glass tube with the bent tube at the other side, so that slurry cannot overflow;
placing a high-definition camera in front of the organic glass tube, and starting the high-definition camera;
step five, starting an extrusion device, extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose at a certain thrust F and a certain speed V, and enabling the concrete mixture to move upwards along the organic glass pipe until the curve of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture is stable;
step six, closing the high-definition camera, and recording a flow form image of the concrete mixture;
step seven, closing the extrusion device to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose;
step eight, determining a curve equation of the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture through image analysis, and simultaneously converting the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture in an image equal proportion;
step nine, repeating the step five to the step eight to obtain an upper liquid surface curve equation of the concrete mixture and the thickness d of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixture under the action of different thrusts F and speeds V of the concrete mixture with the mixing ratio;
step ten, selecting concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios, and repeating the step two to the step nine to obtain the upper liquid level curve y ═ f (x) and the thickness curve d ═ f (F) of the lubricating layer of the concrete mixtures with different mixing ratios under the action of different pressures.
2. The method for testing the flow form of pumped concrete according to claim 1, wherein said pressing means comprises a push rod, a tensile machine, a control box and a slide rail.
3. The method for testing the flow profile of pumped concrete according to claim 1, wherein said riser is graduated.
4. The method for testing the flow form of pumped concrete according to claim 1, wherein two support bases are provided on the base, and the two support bases are respectively used for supporting the two bent pipes.
5. The method for testing the friction characteristic of the pump concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, providing a testing device for the flowing form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete for standby, wherein the testing device for the flowing form and the friction characteristic of the pumped concrete comprises: the pipe diameter and the wall thickness are consistent, and the vertical pipe, the bent pipe, the horizontal straight pipe and the rubber hose are connected through flanges in sequence and are communicated with each other; the number of the bent pipes and the number of the horizontal straight pipes are two, the two bent pipes are fixed at two ends of the rubber hose through the two horizontal straight pipes respectively, and the bent pipes are fixed through the base; the upper end of the bent pipe on one side is connected with a sealing cover, and the upper end of the bent pipe on the other side is connected with the vertical pipe; the rubber hose extruding device is arranged below the rubber hose so that the rubber hose can be extruded and deformed along the radial direction; wherein, the vertical pipe is a steel pipe;
step S2, injecting concrete mixture with a certain mixing proportion into the upper opening of the bent pipe at one side until the mixture is flush with the upper liquid level of the bent pipes at two sides, and sealing the bent pipe at the side by using a sealing cover;
step S3, starting the extruding device to push with a certain pushing force F0And velocity V0Extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose until the rubber hose is completely deformed;
s4, floating the bent pipe on the other side, and firmly connecting the steel pipe with the bent pipe on the other side without overflowing slurry;
step S5, putting the floating plate and the graduated scale into the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture;
step S6, starting the extruding device to push with a certain pushing force F1And velocity V1Extruding the concrete mixture in the rubber hose to enable the concrete mixture to move upwards along the steel pipe, and recording the thrust F in real time1Travel h with concrete mixtureiUntil the rubber hose is completely deformed;
step S7, closing the extrusion device to enable the concrete mixture to fall back into the rubber hose;
step S8, repeating step S6, recording a certain thrust FiAnd velocity ViUnder the action of thrust FiThe relationship with the travel of the concrete mix;
step S9, repeating the steps S2 to S8 to obtain the thrust Fj and the travel h of the concrete mixture of different concrete mixtures under the action of different pressuresjThe relationship between;
step S10, passing formula Fj-F0＝K(μFjπr+ρg)hjAnd calculating friction coefficients mu between different concrete mixtures and the conveying pipe under different pressure actions, wherein K is a conversion coefficient between horizontal extrusion thrust and vertical thrust, rho is the density of the concrete mixtures, and r is the radius of the steel pipe.
6. The test method of claim 5, wherein the step S5 includes: and firmly adhering the bottom of the graduated scale with the floating plate, and placing the graduated scale on the upper liquid level of the concrete mixture, wherein the diameter of the floating plate is smaller than that of the steel pipe.
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