CN110823554B - Multi-station elastic fatigue test tool - Google Patents
Multi-station elastic fatigue test tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110823554B CN110823554B CN202010024315.5A CN202010024315A CN110823554B CN 110823554 B CN110823554 B CN 110823554B CN 202010024315 A CN202010024315 A CN 202010024315A CN 110823554 B CN110823554 B CN 110823554B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-station elastic fatigue test tool, which comprises: the device comprises a base, a clamping fixture, a loading mechanism and a plurality of loading blocks; the clamping devices are arranged on the base in a surrounding mode, and clamping stations are formed on the clamping devices; the loading blocks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping tools, and the loading mechanism drives the loading blocks to vibrate in a sine wave mode towards the corresponding clamping stations. This multistation elasticity fatigue test frock can carry out fatigue test to a plurality of elastic component that await measuring, compares in the test that uses traditional frock to have more stable test effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressure test tool, in particular to a multi-station elastic fatigue test tool.
Background
The rail fastener can not only relieve the impact damage of a train to the rail structure, but also ensure the reliable connection between the rail and the sleeper, and plays an important role in ensuring the stability and the reliability of the rail structure. The elastic strip is a key part in a fastener system, and can be elastically deformed to absorb energy generated by vibration of a steel rail and ensure the fastening pressure of the steel rail. If the fastener elastic strip breaks due to fatigue damage, the fastener system loses the function of buckling and pressing the steel rail, which may cause the derailment or overturn of the train and cause great loss of life and property. Therefore, fatigue performance is the most critical performance indicator for the spring.
In order to test the fatigue performance of the elastic strip, the elastic strip needs to be subjected to a fatigue test by using a fatigue tester. At present, the test method of the elastic strip is executed according to TB/T2329-. The known elastic strip fatigue testing machine adopting the displacement control type or electro-hydraulic servo type fatigue testing machine is carried out in a one-way pressing-down force application mode, the testing efficiency is very low, a large amount of testing resources are wasted, when the testing amount is increased, the number of devices can be increased to meet the testing requirements, and finally the cost and personnel are increased.
The traditional elastic strip fatigue testing machine principle is that an eccentric wheel rotates, the amplitude is realized by adjusting the position of a circle center, a single station is adopted, the vibration is large during testing, the vibration frequency of a workpiece is 16Hz at the highest, the amplitude adjustment amplitude is low due to the fact that large centrifugal force is generated by eccentricity, and the adjustment amplitude needs to be calibrated. Because the amplitude source of the vibration is an adjustable circular eccentric wheel, the vibration is actually in non-sine wave resonance theoretically.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool can be used for carrying out fatigue test on a plurality of elastic pieces to be tested, and has a more stable test effect compared with the traditional tool test.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-station elastic fatigue test tool, comprising: the device comprises a base, a clamping fixture, a loading mechanism and a plurality of loading blocks; the clamping devices are arranged on the base in a surrounding mode, and clamping stations are formed on the clamping devices; the loading blocks and the clamping dies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the loading mechanism drives the loading blocks to vibrate in a sine wave mode towards the clamping stations corresponding to the loading blocks.
Preferably, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool further comprises: the cylinder is coaxially arranged with the base; the loading block penetrates through the barrel in the radial direction of the barrel, and one end, located outside the barrel, of the loading block is movably extruded on the elastic piece to be tested.
Preferably, the cylinder is a regular polygon cylinder, and each side surface of the regular polygon cylinder is correspondingly provided with one clamping fixture; the clamping fixture is arranged around the cylinder body at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the loading blocks penetrate through the side face of the polygon.
Preferably, the number of the side surfaces of the regular polygon cylinder is even.
Preferably, the loading mechanism comprises: the transmission shaft penetrates through the base along the axial direction of the base; a driving wheel is sleeved at one end of the transmission shaft, which is positioned in the cylinder body, and a plurality of arc-shaped convex parts are arranged on the outer side wall of the driving wheel along the circumferential direction of the driving wheel; an arc-shaped concave part is also arranged between every two adjacent arc-shaped convex parts, and the arc-shaped convex parts and the arc-shaped concave parts are connected end to form a sine wave; one end of the loading block, which is positioned in the cylinder body, is extruded on the outer side wall of the driving wheel, and the power supply mechanism is connected with the transmission shaft to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.
Preferably, the power supply mechanism includes: the servo motor and the reduction gear that connect in order, the cover is equipped with first gear on the reduction gear, the cover is equipped with and meshes in on the transmission shaft the second gear of first gear.
Preferably, one end of the loading block in the cylinder is provided with a roller which rotates by taking a vertical axis as an axis.
Preferably, the base is provided with a plurality of sliding rails extending along the radial direction of the base, and the clamping fixture is slidably arranged on the sliding rails.
Preferably, the adjusting screw penetrates through the mold in the radial direction of the cylinder, the end of the adjusting screw is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, and an internal thread corresponding to the adjusting screw is formed in the mold.
Preferably, a plurality of the slide rails face the side of one end of the barrel is connected in order, and two adjacent slide rails form a V-shaped included angle therebetween.
According to the technical scheme, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool has the following beneficial effects: the multi-station fatigue testing machine can realize that the elastic part to be tested is loaded at multiple stations simultaneously to carry out fatigue testing on the elastic part to be tested, and has more reliable performance compared with non-sine wave vibration generated by a cam in a traditional elastic part fatigue testing machine because the loading mechanism drives the loading block to vibrate in a sine wave mode towards the clamping station corresponding to the loading block. In addition, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool can be used for fatigue test of any elastic piece only by replacing a corresponding clamping fixture.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic of one embodiment of a multi-station elastic fatigue test tool;
FIG. 2 is a top view relative to FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a bottom view relative to fig. 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1 base 2 mould
3 loading block and 4 cylinder
5 second pressing strip of transmission shaft 6
7 first pressing bar 8 slide rail
9 roller 10 driving wheel
11 adjusting screw 12 arc convex part
13 arc-shaped concave part 14 second gear
15 elastic strip to be tested
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words included in terms such as "upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, inner, and outer" and the like merely represent the directions of the terms in a normal use state or are colloquially known by those skilled in the art, and should not be construed as limiting the terms.
The elastic piece to be tested takes the elastic strip 15 to be tested as an example, and referring to the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool which is provided with the elastic strip 15 to be tested and is shown in fig. 1-3, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool comprises: the device comprises a base 1, a clamping fixture 2, a loading mechanism and a plurality of loading blocks 3; the clamping devices 2 are arranged on the base 1 in a surrounding mode, and clamping stations are formed on the clamping devices 2; the loading blocks 3 and the clamping dies 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the loading mechanism drives the loading blocks 3 to vibrate in a sine wave mode towards the clamping stations corresponding to the loading blocks.
The clamping fixture 2 used for the elastic strip 15 to be tested comprises: the bottom plate, the one end that faces barrel 4 on the bottom plate is formed with first riser, and the one end that faces away from barrel 4 on the bottom plate is formed with the second riser, and the second riser is higher than first riser. Wherein, the concave structure that the centre gripping station was enclosed to close by bottom plate, first riser and second riser and forms, and bottom plate, first riser and second riser are integrated into one piece structure.
In order to obtain a better clamping effect on the elastic strip 15 to be detected, a first pressing strip 7 for extruding the forelimb of the elastic strip 15 to be detected is arranged on one side of the first vertical plate facing the second vertical plate, and the extruding surface of the first pressing strip 7 is an arc-shaped surface; one side of the second vertical plate facing the first vertical plate is provided with a second pressing strip 6 for extruding the middle limb of the elastic strip 15 to be tested, and the loading block 3 extrudes the tail part of the elastic strip 15 to be tested.
Before carrying out fatigue test to the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring, will await measuring bullet strip 15 assembly on the centre gripping station, the one end contact in the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring of loading piece 3, the other end is connected in loading mechanism, loading mechanism drive loading piece 3 towards with its centre gripping station that corresponds with sinusoidal wave vibration, and then the extrusion bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring carries out elasticity fatigue test with sinusoidal wave vibration, realized loading the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring simultaneously at the multistation and carried out fatigue test to the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring, compare in traditional bullet strip fatigue test machine use the produced non-sinusoidal wave vibration of cam have more reliable performance.
In order to make the loading block 3 obtain more stable activity effect, preferably, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool further includes: a cylinder 4 coaxially arranged with the base 1; the loading block 3 penetrates through the barrel 4 along the radial direction of the barrel 4, and one end, located outside the barrel 4, of the loading block 3 is movably extruded on the elastic part to be tested. Because the fatigue test is carried out on the elastic strip 15 to be tested, the loading block 3 is set to be in a T-shaped structure according to the structure of the elastic strip, wherein one end of the wider part is extruded on the elastic strip 15 to be tested, the other end of the wider part penetrates through the cylinder wall of the cylinder body 4 and can be arranged in a sliding mode, and a sliding hole corresponding to the loading block 3 is arranged on the cylinder wall. Reference may be made in particular to the loading block 3 arrangement in fig. 1 or 2.
In order to obtain a more stable effect as a whole, preferably, the cylinder 4 is a regular polygon cylinder 4, and each side surface of the regular polygon cylinder 4 is correspondingly provided with one of the clamping fixture 2; the clamping fixture 2 is arranged around the cylinder 4 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the loading block 3 penetrates through the side face of the polygon.
Further, in order to obtain a more stable effect as a whole, it is preferable that the number of the side surfaces of the regular polygonal cylinder 4 is even. Through the arrangement of the even number of side surfaces, each side surface is provided with the other symmetrical side surface corresponding to the side surface on the cylinder body 4, and a better balance effect can be obtained when sine wave vibration is carried out.
To further provide a loading mechanism such that it is capable of generating sine wave vibrations, preferably, the loading mechanism comprises: the transmission shaft 5 penetrates through the base 1 along the axial direction of the base 1; a driving wheel 10 is sleeved at one end of the transmission shaft 5 positioned in the cylinder 4, and a plurality of arc-shaped convex parts 12 are arranged on the outer side wall of the driving wheel 10 along the circumferential direction; an arc-shaped concave part 13 is also arranged between every two adjacent arc-shaped convex parts 12, and the arc-shaped convex parts 12 and the arc-shaped concave parts 13 are connected end to form a sine wave; one end of the loading block 3, which is located in the cylinder 4, is extruded on the outer side wall of the driving wheel 10, and the power supply mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft 5 to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.
Because arc convex part 12 and arc concave part 13 end to end connection form the sine wave, make the one end extrusion that loading block 3 is located barrel 4 be sinusoidal wave vibration on drive wheel 10 through the extrusion effect of the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring, regulate and control the amplitude of loading block 3 through the drive wheel 10 of changing different specifications, compare in the produced non-sinusoidal wave vibration of cam of using in traditional bullet strip fatigue testing machine and have more reliable performance.
The specific testing steps are as follows: the transmission shaft 5 is driven to rotate through the power supply mechanism, the driving wheel 10 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the transmission shaft 5, the loading block 3 is extruded between the elastic strip 15 to be tested and the driving wheel 10, when the driving wheel 10 rotates, one end, located in the cylinder body 4, of the loading block 3 slides on a sine wave formed on the driving wheel 10, the loading block 3 obtains sine wave vibration through the sliding, and the sine wave vibration is applied to the elastic strip 15 to be tested to perform reciprocating vibration testing on the elastic strip 15 to be tested.
The fluctuation of using the cam among the traditional bullet strip fatigue testing machine is non-sinusoidal wave, and its vibration stroke length of once, and the corresponding higher rotational speed that needs drives the cam and rotates and just can reach the vibrations frequency the same with the sinusoidal wave vibration, then will make whole test fixture and unstable. In the invention, because the sine wave is continuous, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 5 does not need to be additionally increased on the basis of obtaining a faster frequency through sine wave vibration, and the whole testing tool is more stable compared with the prior art.
Due to practical requirements, one end of the loading block 3 in the cylinder 4 should be provided with an arc-shaped end part to match the sine wave formed by the loading block on the driving wheel 10.
In addition, the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool can be stacked into a multilayer arrangement, more elastic strips 15 to be tested can be tested simultaneously, and when the multi-station elastic fatigue test tool is stacked into a multilayer arrangement, one transmission shaft 5 is shared for transmission.
In order to further provide a way for driving the transmission shaft 5 to rotate, preferably, the power supply mechanism comprises: the servo motor and the speed reducer are connected in sequence, a first gear is sleeved on the speed reducer, and a second gear 14 meshed with the first gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft 5. The power source adopts servo motor cooperation reduction gear transmission, can accurate control vibration frequency, and vibration frequency is high, and the transmission shaft 5 rotates the amplitude number that the vibration of single bullet strip is the quantity of arc convex part 12. The transmission shaft 5 is matched with the driving wheel 10 to jointly fit a vibration curve, so that the vibration is ensured to be sine wave resonance.
Since the loading block 3 and the driving wheel 10 have a certain friction loss during friction, in order to reduce the friction loss and correspondingly improve the smooth transmission effect, it is preferable that the end of the loading block 3 located in the cylinder 4 is provided with a roller 9 rotating by taking a vertical axis as a shaft. The roller 9 is clamped at the end part of the loading block 3, a vertical shaft body is arranged at the end part of the loading block 3, the roller 9 is sleeved on the shaft body to rotate, and the roller 9 partially protrudes out of the end part of the loading block 3 to be in extrusion contact with the driving wheel 10.
Taking the elastic strip 15 to be tested as an example, in order to meet the requirement of testing the elastic strip 15 to be tested with different models, preferably, the base 1 is provided with a plurality of slide rails 8 extending along the radial direction thereof, and the clamping fixture 2 is slidably arranged on the slide rails 8. Lie in slide rail 8 through mould 2 and carry out slide adjusting in order to adjust the distance of the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring apart from loading block 3, and then can make this multistation elasticity fatigue test frock be applicable to the bullet strip 15 that awaits measuring of more models.
In addition, in order to further provide a structure for adjusting the position of the mold 2, it is preferable that an adjusting screw 11 is provided through the mold 2 in a radial direction of the cylinder 4, an end of the adjusting screw 11 is rotatably provided on a sidewall of the cylinder 4, and an internal thread corresponding to the adjusting screw 11 is formed in the mold 2. Realize the regulation to mould 2 position through rotating adjusting screw 11, in order to make mould 2 obtain more stable effect, can set up the spout on the inside wall of slide rail 8, corresponding sets up the slider that is located the spout and slides on the lateral wall of mould 2.
Moreover, in order to enable the slide rails 8 to have a more stable effect, preferably, the slide rails 8 are sequentially connected towards the side edge of one end of the cylinder 4, and a V-shaped included angle is formed between every two adjacent slide rails 8.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multistation elasticity fatigue test frock which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a base (1), a mould (2), a loading mechanism and a plurality of loading blocks (3);
the clamping devices (2) are arranged on the base (1) in a surrounding mode, and clamping stations are formed on the clamping devices (2);
the loading blocks (3) and the clamping tools (2) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the loading mechanism drives the loading blocks (3) to vibrate in a sine wave mode towards the clamping stations corresponding to the loading blocks;
further comprising: a cylinder (4) arranged coaxially with the base (1);
the loading block (3) penetrates through the barrel (4) along the radial direction of the barrel (4), and one end, located outside the barrel (4), of the loading block (3) is movably extruded on the elastic part to be tested;
the cylinder body (4) is a regular polygon cylinder body (4), and each side surface of the regular polygon cylinder body (4) is correspondingly provided with one clamping fixture (2);
the clamping tools (2) are arranged around the cylinder body (4) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the loading blocks (3) penetrate through the side face of the regular polygonal cylinder body (4);
the number of the side surfaces of the regular polygonal cylinder (4) is even;
the loading mechanism includes: the transmission shaft (5) penetrates through the base (1) along the axial direction of the base (1);
a driving wheel (10) is sleeved at one end of the transmission shaft (5) positioned in the cylinder body (4), and a plurality of arc-shaped convex parts (12) are arranged on the outer side wall of the driving wheel (10) along the circumferential direction;
an arc-shaped concave part (13) is further arranged between every two adjacent arc-shaped convex parts (12), and the arc-shaped convex parts (12) and the arc-shaped concave parts (13) are connected end to form a sine wave;
one end of the loading block (3) located in the barrel (4) is extruded on the outer side wall of the driving wheel (10), and the power supply mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft (5) to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.
2. The multi-station elastic fatigue test tool according to claim 1, wherein the power supply mechanism comprises: the servo motor and the speed reducer are connected in sequence, a first gear is sleeved on the speed reducer, and a second gear (14) meshed with the first gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft (5).
3. The multi-station elastic fatigue test tool according to claim 1, wherein one end, located in the barrel (4), of the loading block (3) is provided with a roller (9) which rotates by taking a vertical axis as a shaft.
4. The multi-station elastic fatigue test tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sliding rails (8) extending along the radial direction of the base (1) are arranged on the base, and the clamping fixture (2) is slidably arranged on the sliding rails (8).
5. The multi-station elastic fatigue test tool according to claim 3, wherein an adjusting screw (11) penetrates through the clamping fixture (2) in the radial direction of the cylinder (4), the end portion of the adjusting screw (11) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (4), and an internal thread corresponding to the adjusting screw (11) is formed in the clamping fixture (2).
6. The multi-station elastic fatigue test tool according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of sliding rails (8) extending along the radial direction of the base (1) are arranged on the base, and the clamping fixture (2) is slidably arranged on the sliding rails (8);
a plurality of slide rail (8) orientation the side of the one end of barrel (4) is connected in order, and adjacent two be formed with V font contained angle between slide rail (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010024315.5A CN110823554B (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Multi-station elastic fatigue test tool |
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| CN202010024315.5A CN110823554B (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Multi-station elastic fatigue test tool |
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| CN110823554A CN110823554A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
| CN110823554B true CN110823554B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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| CN113176062B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-09-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Gear impact fatigue detection device |
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