CN110823318A - Multiband radar antenna system - Google Patents

Multiband radar antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110823318A
CN110823318A CN201910725918.5A CN201910725918A CN110823318A CN 110823318 A CN110823318 A CN 110823318A CN 201910725918 A CN201910725918 A CN 201910725918A CN 110823318 A CN110823318 A CN 110823318A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
waveguide
antenna system
radar antenna
waveguide arrangement
multiband
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910725918.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
克劳斯·金茨勒
弗里茨·伦克
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Vega Grieshaber KG
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Vega Grieshaber KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vega Grieshaber KG filed Critical Vega Grieshaber KG
Publication of CN110823318A publication Critical patent/CN110823318A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284Electromagnetic waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/225Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns

Abstract

The invention relates to a multiband radar antenna system (100) for a fill-level measuring device, comprising an antenna (130) and a first waveguide arrangement (101, 110) and a second waveguide arrangement (201, 110), wherein the first waveguide arrangement (101, 110) and the second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) are designed to transmit transmission signals at different frequencies. The first waveguide arrangement (101, 110) and the second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) are configured to be detachably connected to the antenna (130). The invention further relates to the use of the multiband radar antenna system (100) for detecting a fill level in a container and to a fill level radar system (300) having the multiband radar antenna system (100).

Description

Multiband radar antenna system
Technical Field
The invention relates to level gauging. In particular, the invention relates to a multiband radar antenna system for a fill level measuring device, to the use of a multiband radar antenna system for detecting a fill level in a tank, and to a fill level radar system having a multiband radar antenna system.
Background
Level measurement using radar antenna systems is based on distance measurement according to the time-of-flight principle, in which the time of flight of a radar signal to a filling material surface (transmitted signal) in a tank is detected, the distance between the antenna and the filling material surface is determined from the time of flight, and the corresponding level in the tank is determined therefrom. An electronic unit is provided for generating radar signals and evaluating the transmission signals reflected on the surface of the filling material.
In order that the transmission signal may propagate from the electronic unit to the antenna, a waveguide is provided, which may be designed such that its fundamental mode (i.e. the so-called TE11 mode or H11 mode) corresponds to the transmission frequency, in which the waveguide may operate optimally. Variations in the transmit frequency may result in a loss of measurement accuracy or even make propagation in the waveguide impossible.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a multiband radar antenna system which is characterized by good measurement accuracy even with changing transmission frequencies.
This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims and the following description.
One aspect of the invention relates to a multiband radar antenna system for a fill-level measuring device, comprising an antenna which is designed for transmitting and receiving a first transmit signal having a first frequency in a first frequency band and a second transmit signal having a second frequency in a second frequency band.
The multi-band radar antenna system further comprises a first waveguide arrangement configured for conveying to the antenna a first transmission signal generated by the electronic unit and fed into the first waveguide arrangement.
Furthermore, the multiband radar antenna system comprises a second waveguide arrangement which is designed for conveying to the antenna a second transmission signal which is generated by the further electronic unit and fed into the second waveguide arrangement.
The first waveguide device and the second waveguide device are configured to be detachably connected to the antenna so that they can be exchanged with each other.
According to another embodiment, the first waveguide arrangement has an inner diameter of, for example, 8mm and is configured for transmitting a first transmission signal having a frequency of approximately 26GHz (K-band).
In the case of the first waveguide means, the first waveguide means is of continuous profile and the diameter of its inner wall is constant from the electronic unit to the antenna.
According to another embodiment, the second waveguide arrangement is configured for transmitting a second transmission signal having a frequency of about 78GHz (W-band).
According to another embodiment, the second waveguide arrangement has a first waveguide part and a second waveguide part.
The first waveguide part has a first constant inner diameter, which may be about 2.6 mm. The inner diameter of 2.6mm is a feature of a waveguide in which a transmission signal having a W band of about 78GHz is fed and transmitted.
The second waveguide part may be designed and constructed as a hollow cone or a hollow frustum, which is steplessly connected to the first waveguide part.
The second waveguide part is configured to be detachably connected to the antenna.
The antenna may be designed for transmitting and receiving a transmission signal having a frequency of 78GHz (W-band) and a transmission signal having a frequency of 26GHz (K-band). For this purpose, the lower region of the antenna system has a truncated-cone-shaped portion of widened form, which is connected steplessly to the waveguide arrangement.
According to another embodiment the inner diameter of the hollow cone widens from 2.6mm in the front to 8mm at the end of the rear facing the surface of the filling material.
If a second transmission signal having a frequency of 78GHz is generated by the respective electronics unit, the second transmission signal is first fed into the first waveguide section of the second waveguide device having the first inner diameter and guided into the second waveguide section. The second transmission signal is then transmitted through the second waveguide arrangement to the antenna, which then transmits the transmission signal to the surface of the filling material.
In other words, the inner diameter of the second waveguide at the end of the first waveguide corresponds to the inner diameter of the first waveguide. Further, an inner diameter of the second waveguide part at the end of the antenna corresponds to an inner diameter of the portion of the antenna.
Therefore, the inner wall of the second waveguide portion of the second waveguide device is connected to the first waveguide portion and the portion of the antenna without forming a step.
A matching element may be provided to couple the transmit signal in the antenna horn. The matching element may be made of, for example, Al2O3Ceramic or PEEK, etc. An annular or disc-shaped element of HF attenuating material, such as silicon carbide, may be disposed over the matching element.
According to a further embodiment, the first or the second waveguide arrangement has a housing element, which can be configured as a heat sink.
Furthermore, according to a further embodiment, the multiband radar antenna system comprises a mounting device which is configured for receiving the housing element and fixing it to a fastening element, for example in the form of a flange.
Furthermore, the housing element may be provided with an abutment surface on which the housing element abuts the mounting means.
The fastening element on which the multiband radar antenna system is arranged or fixed can be part of the upper side of the container.
The mounting device is configured for selectively removably receiving the first or second waveguide device.
According to another embodiment, the housing element of the first or second waveguide arrangement has at least one shape. Accordingly, the mounting device has a recess corresponding to said shape, the recess being configured to selectively secure the housing element of the first or second waveguide device on the mounting device by means of a form-fit connection or a friction-fit connection of said shape and the recess.
According to another embodiment, the housing element is connected to the mounting device by means of a clamping connection. Alternatively, the housing element may be connected to the mounting device by means of conventional connection techniques, such as flange screwing or screwing (screw-in threading).
According to another aspect, a use of a multi-band radar antenna system for detecting a fill level in a container is provided.
According to another aspect, a level radar system with a multiband radar antenna system is provided.
A key aspect of the present invention is to provide a multi-band radar antenna measuring system for level measurement that can be used for different bands by a simple adaptation of the waveguide arrangement.
Drawings
The figures are schematic and not to scale. If the same reference numbers are given in different drawings in the following description, these same reference numbers indicate the same or similar elements.
Fig. 1A shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a waveguide arrangement according to an embodiment;
fig. 1B shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a waveguide arrangement according to an embodiment;
fig. 2A shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a waveguide arrangement according to an embodiment;
fig. 2B shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a waveguide arrangement according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a fill level radar system with a multi-band radar antenna system for fill level gauging in a tank according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1A shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system 100 with a waveguide arrangement or first waveguide arrangement 101. The multiband radar antenna system 100 has mounting means 120, 125 which are integrated or fixed in a fastening element 150, such as a flange element.
The funnel-shaped or hollow cone-shaped flare 1300 is configured for transmitting and receiving a first transmit signal having a first frequency in a first band (e.g., K-band). The bell mouth is arranged on the side of the mounting device 120, 125 facing the surface of the filling material below the mounting device 120, 125 and towards the surface of the filling material. Here, the bell mouth 1300 is configured as a basic antenna horn (basisantnennhorn), which is directly connected to the mounting device 120, 125. An extension horn 130 may be provided in connection with the base antenna horn. The antenna system may be used for different transmission frequencies.
Furthermore, a matching element 128 is provided for additional coupling of the transmission signal into an antenna or antenna horn 130. The matching element also serves as a separation part from the process container. The matching element 128 may be made of, for example, Al2O3Ceramic or PEEK, etc. An annular or disc-shaped element 122 of HF attenuating material, such as silicon carbide, is disposed over the matching element 128.
The first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 is arranged above the mounting arrangement 120, 125 on the side of the mounting arrangement 120, 125 facing away from the surface of the filling material.
The first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 has an inner wall with a constant inner diameter of e.g. about 8 mm. Thus, the first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 is used for transmitting a first transmission signal having a first frequency in the K-band of about 26 GHz.
Furthermore, the first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 has a housing element 110, which housing element 110 can serve as a heat sink for the first waveguide arrangement 101, 110. The housing element 110 is provided with abutment faces on which it abuts the mounting means 120, 125.
The mounting means 120, 125 are designed to receive the housing element 110 and to fix it to the flange element or fastening element 150. The mounting means 120, 125 are designed to detachably receive the first waveguide means 101.
The mounting means 120, 125 comprise two separate mounting elements, namely a first mounting element 120 and a second mounting element 125, wherein the first mounting element 120 is configured for forming the base antenna 1300 and the second mounting element 125 is configured for connecting and fixing the housing element 110 of the first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 and the first mounting element 120.
The second mounting element 125 includes a first cylindrical recess having a first diameter and a second cylindrical recess having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter. The second cylindrical groove is connected to the first cylindrical groove in a stepped manner. The housing element 110 is inserted into the first cylindrical recess of the second mounting element 125. The end region of the housing element 110 is inserted into a first narrower cylindrical recess in the first mounting element 120.
A correspondingly shaped housing element is inserted or screwed into the first narrower cylindrical recess 121 in the second mounting element 125 of the mounting means 120, 125. The groove 121 is designed such that the housing element of the waveguide arrangement 101, 110 is detachably fixed to the mounting means 120, 125 by means of a form-fit connection and/or a friction-fit connection of said form and groove 121.
Fig. 1B shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a second waveguide arrangement 201, 110. Similar to the view shown in fig. 1A, the multiband radar antenna system 100 has mounting means 120, 125, the mounting means 120, 125 being integrated or fixed on a fastening element, such as a flange element 150.
The base antenna horn 1300 is configured for transmitting and receiving a second transmit signal having a second frequency, e.g., within the W-band, of about 78GHz, which is different from the first frequency.
The second waveguide arrangement 201, 110 is configured for transmitting a second transmission signal to the antenna 130, the second transmission signal being generated by the respective electronic unit 302 and fed into the second waveguide arrangement 201, 110.
The second waveguide arrangement 201, 110 comprises a first waveguide part 210 and a second waveguide part 220.
The first waveguide part 210 of the second waveguide arrangement 201, 110 has an inner wall with an inner diameter of, for example, about 2.6 mm. Thus, the first waveguide part 210 is well suited for transmitting the second transmission signal having a frequency of about 78 GHz.
The second waveguide part 220 of the second waveguide arrangement 201, 110 is arranged between the first waveguide part 210 and the antenna horn 1300 and is designed as a hollow frustum. The inner diameter of the hollow frustum at the end connecting the first waveguides 210, 110 corresponds to the inner diameter of the first waveguide 210 of, for example, 2.6 mm. The inner diameter of the hollow frustum at the other antenna-facing end corresponds to the inner diameter of the front part of the antenna horn 1300, e.g. 8 mm. In other words, the inner diameter of the hollow cone of the second waveguide part 220 widens, for example, from 2.6mm to 8 mm. Accordingly, the hollow cone is connected to the first waveguide part 210 and the antenna horn 1300 without forming a step in the inner wall.
In another embodiment, a cylindrical waveguide, for example with a diameter of 8mm, may also be arranged between the waveguide section 220 and the antenna horn 1300.
The second waveguide arrangement 201, 110 may also comprise a housing element 110 with an abutment surface, which housing element 110 may be configured as a heat sink for the waveguide arrangement 201.
As in fig. 1A, the mounting means 120, 125 are also designed in fig. 1B for receiving the second waveguide means 201, 110 or the housing element 110 and fixing them on the fastening element 150. For this purpose, at least one shape is provided on the end of the housing element 110 facing the mounting means 120, 125. For this purpose, a cylindrical groove or recess 121 is provided in the mounting means 120, 125. The recess 121 is designed such that the housing element 110 of the waveguide arrangement 201 is fixed to the mounting means 120, 125 by a form-fit connection and/or a friction-fit connection of said form and recess 121.
Since the geometry of the mounting means 120, 125 and the geometry of the feedhorn 1300 are the same for the first and second waveguide means, the first waveguide means 101, 110 or the second waveguide means 201, 110, which can be detachably fixed to the mounting means 120, 125, respectively, can easily be exchanged. Thus, the antenna system can be used in different frequency ranges by replacing the first or second waveguide arrangement 101, 201, 110 in the coupling area. In particular, the antenna system may operate at its originally intended frequency (e.g., at 26 GHz). Furthermore, the antenna system may also operate at frequencies that are multiples of this frequency (e.g., at 78GHz) with the same antenna horn installed.
High-frequency signals of the different electronic units 301, 302 with their specific frequency ranges (for example the K-band of about 26GHz and the W-band of about 78GHz) can be coupled into the antenna system by means of the above-described adaptation.
Therefore, in order to achieve optimal functionality, waveguide devices must be designed such that they operate in their respective fundamental modes. Thus, in each case, only the fundamental TE11 (also known as the H11 mode) can be propagated. For example, the antenna system operates continuously in the K-band of 26GHz by means of an 8mm waveguide. The waveguide is simply mechanically connected to the antenna system, for example by means of a screw thread.
In the W-band of 78GHz, the high frequency signal is coupled into a 2.6mm waveguide 210, and the waveguide 210 is then widened to 8mm on a cone 220. As with the waveguide arrangement of fig. 1A, 2A, such a thin waveguide 210 may also be mechanically connected to the antenna system along with a taper 220 on a thickened waveguide 230.
Here, the first great advantage has been directly seen. In the manufacturing sector, only the materials for the antenna system need to be stored, and only one set of systems needs to be assembled and stored. Depending on the measurement frequency desired by the user, one or the other waveguide is mounted together with the respective electronic unit.
Another great advantage is that the antenna system installed and handled separately can be switched from one operating frequency to another during operation of the system. Thus, for example, the operating frequency of the measurement electronics can be adapted to the medium exchange in the container or to undesired process conditions. Advantageously, this design has a quick change system at the connection between the antenna system and the waveguide. This can be achieved, for example, by a so-called clamping connection.
In another embodiment, the antenna system has at least two electronic units, which can be exchanged manually or mechanically back and forth on the antenna system by means of a rotating or sliding mechanism.
Thereby, the echo curve can be evaluated and evaluated with two different operating frequencies. This can significantly improve measurement reliability as well as measurement accuracy.
Thereby, the radar antenna system simultaneously serving as the processing separation section can be made to operate at different frequencies.
The quick change system may change from a normal operating frequency to other typical frequencies during operation.
Similar to the embodiment of fig. 1A, fig. 2A shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a first waveguide arrangement 101, 110. However, the housing element 110 and thus the first waveguide arrangement 101, 110 may be connected to the antenna 130 by means of the clip-on quick connection 140 by fixing the housing element 110 to the mounting means 120, 125 using the clip-on quick connection 140.
Similar to the embodiment of fig. 1B, fig. 2B shows a schematic view of a multiband radar antenna system with a second waveguide arrangement 201, 110. Here, the housing element 110 is also fixed to the mounting means 120, 125 by using a clip-on quick connection 140.
Thus, in addition to or as an alternative to the force-and/or form-fitting connection described with respect to fig. 1A and 1B, a flexible adaptation of the multiband radar antenna system 100 can also be achieved by replacing the first waveguide arrangements 101, 110 with the second waveguide arrangements 201, 110 using the clamp-on quick connection 140.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a fill level radar system for fill level gauging in containers with the above-described multi-band radar antenna system. The level radar system 300 is mounted above the tank and has a first electronics unit 301, the first electronics unit 301 being designed for generating a first transmission signal having a first frequency in the K-band, for example 26 GHz. A second electronics unit 302 is also provided, which can be selectively plugged into the lower region of the antenna system or detachably fastened thereto and is designed for generating a second transmission signal having a second frequency, for example a frequency of three times (i.e. for example 78GHz) in the W band. The lower region of the antenna system has an antenna horn 130, the antenna horn 130 being able to transmit both of the above-mentioned frequencies and thus being configured to transmit and receive a first transmit signal and a second transmit signal. Between the respective electronics unit 301, 302 and the lower region of the antenna system that can be fixed on the container, there are first waveguide means 101, 110 and second waveguide means 201, 110, which are selectively plugged or detachably fixed to the lower region of the antenna system.
It should be noted that "comprising" and "having" do not exclude other elements or steps and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that characteristics or steps which have been described with reference to above embodiments can also be combined with other characteristics or steps of other above embodiments. Reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting.
Cross Reference to Related Applications
This application claims the benefit of german patent application 102018213435.9 filed on 8/9/2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (12)

1. A multi-band radar antenna system (100) for a fill level measuring device, comprising:
an antenna (130) configured for transmitting and receiving a first transmit signal having a first frequency located in a first frequency band and a second transmit signal having a second frequency located in a second frequency band;
-first waveguide means (101, 110) configured for conveying to said antenna said first transmission signal generated by an electronic unit and fed into said first waveguide means (101);
a second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) configured for conveying to the antenna the second transmission signal generated by an electronic unit and fed into the second waveguide arrangement (201),
wherein the first waveguide arrangement (101) and the second waveguide arrangement (201) are configured to be detachably connected to the antenna (130, 1300).
2. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 1,
wherein the first waveguide arrangement (101, 110) is configured for transmitting the first transmission signal having a frequency of about 26 GHz.
3. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 1 or 2,
wherein the second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) is configured for transmitting the second transmission signal having a frequency of about 78 GHz.
4. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of any one of the preceding claims,
wherein the second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) has a first waveguide section (210) with a constant inner diameter,
wherein the second waveguide arrangement (201, 110) has a second waveguide part (220) which is designed as a hollow frustum and which is connected to the first waveguide part (210).
5. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 4,
wherein an inner diameter of the first waveguide part (210) is 2.6 mm.
6. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 4 or 5,
wherein the inner diameter of the hollow frustum widens from 2.6mm to 8 mm.
7. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of any one of the preceding claims,
wherein the first or second waveguide arrangement (101, 201, 110) has a housing element (110) which is designed as a heat sink.
8. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising:
a mounting device (120, 125) designed to receive the housing element (110) and to fix the housing element to a fastening element (150),
wherein the mounting device (120, 125) is designed for selectively, detachably accommodating the first or second waveguide device (101, 201).
9. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 7 or 8,
wherein the housing element (110) of the waveguide arrangement (101, 201, 110) has at least one shape,
wherein the mounting device (120, 125) has a groove (121) corresponding to the shape, the groove (121) being designed to selectively fix the housing element (110) of the first or second waveguide device (101, 201, 110) to the mounting device (120, 125) by means of a form-fit connection or a friction-fit connection of the shape with the groove (121).
10. The multiband radar antenna system (100) of claim 7 or 8,
wherein the housing element (110) is connected to the mounting device (120, 125) by means of a clamping connection (140).
11. Use of the multiband radar antenna system (100) according to one of the preceding claims for detecting a fill level in a container.
12. A level radar system (300) comprising the multi-band radar antenna system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
CN201910725918.5A 2018-08-09 2019-08-07 Multiband radar antenna system Pending CN110823318A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018213435.9 2018-08-09
DE102018213435.9A DE102018213435A1 (en) 2018-08-09 2018-08-09 Multi-band radar antenna system

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JPH11281462A (en) * 1998-03-27 1999-10-15 Toshiba Corp Liquid level gage
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CN102027337A (en) * 2008-05-22 2011-04-20 罗斯蒙特雷达液位股份公司 Multi-channel radar level gauge system

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