CN110819066B - Seismic physical model material, seismic physical model and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seismic physical model material, seismic physical model and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110819066B CN110819066B CN201810914668.5A CN201810914668A CN110819066B CN 110819066 B CN110819066 B CN 110819066B CN 201810914668 A CN201810914668 A CN 201810914668A CN 110819066 B CN110819066 B CN 110819066B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0856—Iron
Abstract
The invention discloses a seismic physical model material, a seismic physical model and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seismic physical model material comprises epoxy resin, a curing agent and alloy micro powder, the acoustic transmission speed of the formable physical model material is increased to more than 4800m/s by doping the alloy micro powder in the epoxy resin, the acoustic transmission speed range of the whole formable physical model material is expanded to 1000-4800m/s, and the application space of the seismic physical model is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic physical models, and relates to a seismic physical model material, a seismic physical model prepared from the seismic physical model material, and a preparation method of the seismic physical model.
Background
The basic principle of seismic physical simulation is to make the actual stratum structure or geologic body into a physical model by using corresponding materials under a certain scale similarity ratio in a laboratory, and to carry out forward simulation of data acquisition on a field seismic exploration method by using an ultrasonic testing method. Compared with a mathematical simulation method, the seismic physical simulation can truly realize the observation of the propagation rule of acoustic waves or elastic waves in a model medium, thereby deducing the wave field characteristics of seismic waves propagated in an actual stratum structure and a geologic body. In the process of seismic physical simulation, in order to keep the kinematic characteristics of the obtained simulation result consistent with the kinematic characteristics of seismic waves in the actual geological structure geologic body, parameters such as the size, the speed and the density of a physical model and parameters such as the size, the speed and the density of the actual geological structure geologic body must be in a certain proportional relationship, namely a seismic physical simulation geometric similarity principle. At present, the scale factor adopted by the seismic physical model is usually 1:10000, namely 1mm of the physical model represents that the actual geologic body has a scale of 10 m; the speed ratio is typically 1:1 or 1: 2.
In the seismic physical model technology, how to provide model materials capable of simulating various stratum velocities is a technical problem. Because, on the one hand, the range of actual formation rock velocities varies greatly, it is difficult for a laboratory to replicate the velocities of various formations. On the other hand, the seismic physical model should be able to simulate the actual geological deposition characteristics, the layers of the model material should be able to be naturally combined, and the model material should be able to be easily manufactured and processed into various complex geological structures, which all make the technical development of the model material facing great difficulty.
At present, the material sources of the seismic physical model can be divided into two types, one is solid industrial plate material, and the other is formable material. The industrial plates commonly used for manufacturing the physical model comprise aluminum materials, resin plates, organic glass, paraffin and the like, and the accurate geometric structure can be obtained by machining the industrial plates. However, for a multi-layer seismic physical model with a complex structure, industrial plates are not suitable for being used, because the complex structure is difficult to process, and the adhesion between layers of the physical model is also a technical problem. The formable material is a mixture of liquid or powdery materials, and is changed into a solid by adding a curing agent or changing the temperature, and the formable material has good uniformity and plasticity and can be used for conveniently manufacturing a complex-structure physical model. Epoxy and silicone rubbers are the most commonly used moldable materials suitable for building seismic physical models. Studies have shown that the speed of the cured epoxy material is typically 2600m/s, while the speed of the cured rubber material is about 1000m/s, and that the two materials are mixed in different amounts, the speed of the mixed material after curing varying between 1000 and 2600 m/s. In addition, the upper limit of the material speed after curing is increased to about 3000m/s by doping the epoxy resin with fine silica powder or talc powder. However, compared with the actual stratum velocity which can reach 6000-7000m/s, the upper limit of the physical model material velocity can not meet the simulation of the stratum, and how to improve the physical model material velocity is related to whether the seismic physical model technology can be developed greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further improve the speed of the physical model material, the invention provides a novel seismic physical model material, the acoustic wave propagation speed of the formable physical model material is improved to more than 4800m/s by doping the alloy micro powder in the epoxy resin, the acoustic wave propagation speed range of the whole formable physical model material is widened to 1000-4800m/s, and the application space of the seismic physical model is greatly improved.
According to one aspect of the invention, a seismic physical model material is provided, which comprises epoxy resin, a curing agent and alloy micropowder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the molding material, the epoxy resin is 100 parts by weight, and the curing agent is 10 to 30 parts by weight, and may be, for example, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts by weight, and any value therebetween, and preferably 15 parts by weight; the alloy fine powder is 1 to 150 parts, and may be, for example, 1 part, 5 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 80 parts, 100 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 150 parts, and any value therebetween.
In the invention, the alloy refers to a solid product with metal property obtained by mixing and melting one metal and another metal or a plurality of metals or nonmetals, cooling and solidifying. According to the invention, the alloy micro powder is added into the epoxy resin, so that compared with the silicon micro powder or talcum powder used in the prior art, the acoustic wave propagation speed of the seismic physical model material can be improved more obviously. According to different doping proportions of the alloy micro powder, the sound wave propagation speed of the obtained seismic physical model material is improved to different degrees, the highest sound wave propagation speed can reach more than 4800m/s, and the application space of the seismic physical model is greatly improved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alloy fine powder is selected from one or more of iron-based alloy fine powder, copper-based alloy fine powder, ferrosilicon-based alloy fine powder, and silver-based alloy fine powder, preferably iron-based alloy fine powder, and more preferably Fe313 iron-based alloy fine powder. The Fe313 iron-based alloy micro powder comprises the following components: 0.4-0.5%, Si: 2.0-3.0%, B: 1.2-1.8%, Cr: 12-14%, Ni: 30-40% of Fe and the balance of Fe.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the particle size of the alloy micro powder is 300-800 meshes, preferably 500-600 meshes. The grain size of the alloy micro powder has important influence on the preparation of the seismic physical model. The inventors have found that the particle size of the fine alloy powder in the above range is advantageous for increasing the velocity of the seismic physical model. The alloy micro powder has overlarge particle size and is easy to precipitate when added into epoxy resin, so that the distribution of the alloy micro powder in the epoxy resin is not uniform; if the particle size of the fine alloy powder is too small, mixing becomes difficult, and practical operation becomes difficult.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the viscosity of the epoxy resin is 6000-13000 mPas, for example 6000-, 7000-, 8000-, 9000-, 10000-, 11000-, 12000-, 13000-and any value in between, preferably 9000 mPas. The viscosity of the selected epoxy resin is very important for preparing the seismic physical model, and if the viscosity of the epoxy resin is too high, the epoxy resin and the alloy micro powder are difficult to mix, and the required amount of the alloy micro powder is difficult to mix in the epoxy resin, so that the speed of the seismic physical model material is increased limitedly; if the viscosity of the epoxy resin is too low, the molding of the material becomes difficult. Examples of epoxy resins that may be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: e-51 type epoxy resin, E-44 type epoxy resin, E-31 type epoxy resin. Epoxy resins of the E-51 type are preferred.
The E-51 type epoxy resin, the E-44 type epoxy resin and the E-31 type epoxy resin belong to E type epoxy resin, the E type epoxy resin is a linear polymer prepared by condensation polymerization of bisphenol A (2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane) and epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium, according to different raw material ratios in the production process, the epoxy resin with different molecular weight grades is obtained, and the resin molecular weight can be changed between 380-30000. E-51 is a trade mark representing the average epoxy value (51/100 ═ 0.51).
The role of the curing agent is to chemically react with the epoxy resin to form a network of stereo polymers, examples of which may be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: 650 type curing agent, 593 curing agent and T-31 curing agent.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent is a type 650 curing agent. 650 type curing agent with molecular weight of 1000- 3 (ii) a Amine value 200 and 240mg KOH/g. The 650 type curing agent is an epoxy resin toughness curing agent, and the curing condition is 2 to 5 days at room temperature or 4 hours at 65 ℃.
593 the curing agent is an adduct of diethylenetriamine and butyl glycidyl ether.
The T-31 curing agent is a Phenol Aldehyde Amine (PAA) epoxy curing agent with comprehensive performance, light brown transparent viscous liquid and density (20 ℃) of 1.08-1.09g/cm & 3. Amine value 460-550 mgKOH/g. The refractive index is 1.5250 ~ 1.5300. Flash point (open cup) 75 ℃. The viscosity (25 ℃) is 1000 to 1300 mPas. Dissolved in ethanol, acetone, toluene, etc., and slightly soluble in water.
According to another aspect of the invention, a seismic physical model made of the seismic physical model material is also provided.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the scale factor adopted by the seismic physical model is 1:10000, namely 1mm of the physical model represents that the size of the actual geologic body is 10 m.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing a seismic physical model, including:
step S1, mixing epoxy resin, alloy micro powder and a curing agent to obtain a raw material mixture;
step S2, removing bubbles in the raw material mixture;
and S3, placing the raw material mixture subjected to bubble removal into a mold for curing, and demolding to obtain the seismic physical model.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the epoxy resin and the alloy micro powder are mixed, and then the curing agent is added and mixed to obtain a raw material mixture; or, the curing agent is mixed with the alloy micro powder, and then the epoxy resin is added and mixed to obtain a raw material mixture. Preferably, the epoxy resin and the alloy micro powder are mixed, and then the curing agent is added to be mixed to obtain a raw material mixture.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step S1, step a is further included, the epoxy resin and the curing agent are preheated, preferably, the epoxy resin is preheated at 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ for 2 to 4 hours; the curing agent is preheated for 1-2h at 30-40 ℃. According to the invention, the epoxy resin and the curing agent are subjected to preheating treatment, so that the viscosity of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is favorably reduced, and the epoxy resin and the curing agent are favorably mixed with the alloy micro powder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A, the epoxy resin is preheated at 50 ℃ for 2 h; the curing agent is preheated for 2 hours at 40 ℃.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said preheating is carried out in an insulated cabinet.
The curing temperature of each curing agent is different, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the curing agent is a 650-type curing agent, the curing conditions may be: curing at room temperature for 24h, and then curing at 50 ℃ for 48 h.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mould is pretreated before filling the raw material mixture, i.e. the inner surface of the mould is coated beforehand with a release material, preferably vaseline or silicone rubber. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before filling the raw material mixture, the inner wall of the mold is coated with silicone rubber, and after the silicone rubber is cured, the mold is pretreated.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the removal of bubbles from the raw material mixture may be performed by placing the raw material mixture in a vacuum apparatus and drawing a vacuum.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the raw mixture is placed in the mould by means of casting.
According to the invention, the seismic physical model material is improved by adding the alloy micro powder into the epoxy resin, and the formable seismic physical model material with the sound wave propagation speed range of 2600-4200m/s can be prepared by utilizing different proportions of the alloy micro powder in the epoxy resin.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The raw material information used in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
epoxy resin: phoenix brand E51 epoxy resin, brand WRS618, produced in Jiangsu province without tin, viscosity is 9000 mPa.s.
Type 650 curing agent: jinghua brand curing agent, brand 650; origin, Jiangsu Hezhou.
Alloy micro powder: the iron-based micro powder is Fe313, Hebei of origin, and has an average particle size of 600 meshes.
Example 1
Preparing raw materials:
the epoxy resin is placed in a 50 ℃ heat preservation box for preheating for 2 hours, and the 650 ℃ curing agent is placed in a 40 ℃ heat preservation box for preheating for 2 hours.
Pretreatment of a mold:
and (3) coating silicon rubber on the inner wall of the mould, and finishing the pretreatment of the mould after the silicon rubber is cured.
Respectively taking 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 50 parts by weight of 650-type curing agent and 3 parts by weight of alloy micro powder, and fully and uniformly stirring the epoxy resin and the alloy micro powder to obtain a mixture of the epoxy resin and the alloy micro powder; then adding 650 curing agents into the mixture, and then stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture to obtain a raw material mixture;
vacuumizing the raw material mixture for 20 minutes, and then pouring the raw material mixture into a packaged mould; and (3) curing the mold poured with the raw material mixture at normal temperature for 24 hours in a room, then putting the mold into a 50 ℃ heat preservation box for curing for 48 hours, and then demolding to obtain the seismic physical model. The speed test was performed using the ultrasonic transmission method, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Examples 2 to 10
The procedures of examples 2-10 were the same as in example 1 except that the amounts of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the alloy fine powder were different, and the specific amounts of the respective substances and the test results in examples 2-10 are shown in Table 1, and the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the alloy fine powder are all expressed in parts by weight.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the steps are the same as in example 1 except that no alloy fine powder is added in comparative example 1.
TABLE 1
It can be seen from Table 1 that the wave velocity increases with the increase in the amount of the fine alloy powder, but the increase in the wave velocity is not significant when the amount of the fine alloy powder reaches 130 parts by weight, and the wave velocity is almost maintained at about 4800 m/s.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described in relation to an exemplary embodiment, and it is understood that the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. A seismic physical model material, which consists of the following components: epoxy resin, curing agent and alloy micro powder;
in the model material, by weight, 100 parts of epoxy resin, 10-30 parts of curing agent and 1-150 parts of alloy micro powder are used;
the alloy micro powder is iron-based alloy micro powder;
the iron-based alloy micro powder comprises the following components: 0.4-0.5%, Si: 2.0-3.0%, B: 1.2-1.8%, Cr: 12-14%, Ni: 30-40% and the balance of Fe.
2. The modeling material of claim 1, wherein the alloy micro powder has a particle size of 300-800 mesh.
3. The modeling material of claim 2, wherein the alloy micro powder has a particle size of 500-800 mesh.
4. A model material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the viscosity of the epoxy resin is 6000-13000 mpa.s.
5. Modelling material according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said epoxy resin is selected from one or more of epoxy resins of type E-51, E-44 and E-31.
6. The modeling material of any of claims 1-3, wherein the curing agent is one or more of a type 650 curing agent, a type 593 curing agent, and a T-31 curing agent.
7. A seismic physics model made from the seismic physics model material of any of claims 1-6.
8. The method of preparing a seismic physical model according to claim 7, comprising:
step S1, mixing epoxy resin, alloy micro powder and a curing agent to obtain a raw material mixture;
step S2, removing bubbles in the raw material mixture;
and S3, placing the raw material mixture after the bubbles are removed into a mould for solidification, and obtaining the seismic physical model after demoulding.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein in step S1, the epoxy resin is mixed with the alloy micropowder, and then the curing agent is added to mix.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising a step A of preheating the epoxy resin and/or the curing agent before the step S1.
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Citations (2)
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| CN102951875A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake physical reservoir model, preparation method thereof and application thereof |
| CN104250424A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Titanium dioxide nanopowder modified epoxy resin earthquake physical model material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102951875A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake physical reservoir model, preparation method thereof and application thereof |
| CN104250424A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Titanium dioxide nanopowder modified epoxy resin earthquake physical model material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 地震物理模型材料研制与应用研究;李智宏;《地球物理学进展》;20090415;第02卷(第24期);408-417 * |
| 硅微粉改性新型三维地震物理模型材料特性研究;裴宇翀;《地球物理学进展》;20160215;第01卷(第31期);455-460 * |
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