CN110814119A - Pipe bending device and method based on ultralow-temperature ice self-lubricating - Google Patents
Pipe bending device and method based on ultralow-temperature ice self-lubricating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110814119A CN110814119A CN201911133471.9A CN201911133471A CN110814119A CN 110814119 A CN110814119 A CN 110814119A CN 201911133471 A CN201911133471 A CN 201911133471A CN 110814119 A CN110814119 A CN 110814119A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/08—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes by passing between rollers or through a curved die
- B21D7/085—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes by passing between rollers or through a curved die by passing through a curved die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/20—Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
- B21D7/165—Cooling equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
- B21D7/167—Greasing
Abstract
The invention discloses a pipe fitting bending device and a pipe fitting bending method based on ultra-low temperature ice self-lubrication, wherein the pipe fitting bending device comprises a bending die, a spherical bearing, a guide mechanism and a propelling mechanism; the inner surface of the bending die is constructed with a micro-nano texture layer, 4 internal-spraying micro-injection ports are processed on the outer surface of the bending die, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed to the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die through the micro-injection ports. Compared with the traditional solid lubricant with large friction resistance, high energy consumption and poor heat transfer performance, the ice layer is used as the lubricant in the machining process, has the advantages of small friction coefficient, no pollution, low energy consumption and good heat transfer performance, can provide stable surface lubrication performance, and reduces abrasion consumption, thereby effectively improving the machining quality of the pipe fitting. In addition, the thickness of the icing ice layer is controlled by introducing different wetting performance surfaces, and different lubricating effects are achieved by utilizing different ice layer thicknesses, so that the method has important significance for regulating and controlling the processing quality of the metal complex component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal matrix surface treatment and advanced manufacturing of complex components, in particular to a pipe bending device and a pipe bending method based on ultralow-temperature ice self-lubrication.
Background
The free bending forming technology is a new advanced technology in the field of metal bending forming, and can realize one-time accurate forming of a hollow component with a complex axis by simultaneously controlling axial propulsion of a pipe and movement of a bending die under the condition of not replacing the bending die. The metal complex component manufactured by the free bending forming technology has wide application in various fields such as aerospace, nuclear power, automobiles, ships and warships and the like, but with the continuous development of the fields, the increasingly severe service environment provides a serious challenge for the processing quality of the metal complex component.
At present, a series of problems of mismatch of movement gaps, instability under friction power consumption and the like need to be overcome in the forming of metal complex components, and cold welding or blocking at a movable joint needs to be avoided. However, in the process of using the fluid lubricant, friction heat is generated due to internal resistance of an oil layer, so that the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, the bearing capacity of a bearing is reduced, friction wear is further increased, and the oil temperature is further increased. Such a vicious circle can severely abrade the surface of the metal complex component, causing severe degradation of the surface finish quality of the freely bent pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pipe bending device and a pipe bending method based on ultra-low temperature ice self-lubrication, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a pipe fitting bending device based on ultra-low temperature ice self-lubricating comprises a bending die, a spherical bearing, a guide mechanism and a propelling mechanism; the inner surface of the bending die is constructed with a micro-nano texture layer, 4 internal-spraying micro-injection ports are processed on the outer surface of the bending die, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed to the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die through the micro-injection ports.
The scale range of the micro-nano texture layer of the pipe bending device is 100nm-100 mu m.
The pipe bending device is characterized in that the diameter range of the micro injection port is 0.5mm to 3 mm.
According to the pipe bending device, the surface wettability of the micro-nano texture layer is one of four different wettability including a super-hydrophilic surface, a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophobic surface.
According to the bending method based on any pipe fitting bending device, in the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen is sprayed to a micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of a bending die through a micro injection port, so that an ice layer is formed between the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die and the surface of a pipe fitting, different surface wettability is generated by constructing different micro-nano texture layers, ice layers with different thicknesses are obtained by utilizing the different surface wettability, and the difference of adhesion of the ice layers is realized; under the combined action of ice layer lubrication with different thicknesses and translation and rotation of the bending die, free bending of the metal pipe fitting is achieved.
According to the bending method, the pipe is made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy and the like; the bending die material is a metal material such as stainless steel, tungsten steel alloy and the like.
The bending method comprises the following steps of: constructing a micro-nano texture layer on the surface of a mould through texture processing, including physical and chemical methods, wherein the macro expression shows that the surface wettability is changed, namely one of four surfaces with different wettability, namely a super-hydrophilic surface, a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophobic surface, is obtained; the physical or chemical methods include, but are not limited to, laser etching and chemical etching.
In the bending method, the surface wettability is as follows: the super-hydrophilic surface, the hydrophobic surface and the super-hydrophobic surface, wherein the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface is 0-5 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 1000-2000 kPa; the contact angle of the hydrophilic surface is 5-90 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 500-1000 kPa; the contact angle of the hydrophobic surface is 90-150 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 100-500 kPa; the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic surface is 150-180 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 50-100 kPa.
In the bending method, the ice layers with different thicknesses are as follows: the thickness of an ice layer formed on the super-hydrophilic surface is 1.2-1.5 mm, and the density is 0.8-0.9; the thickness of an ice layer formed on the hydrophilic surface is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the density is 0.7-0.8; the thickness of an ice layer formed on the hydrophobic surface is 0.4-0.8 mm, and the density is 0.5-0.7; the thickness of the ice layer formed on the super-hydrophobic surface is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the density is 0.3-0.5.
The bending method is characterized in that the liquid nitrogen is used for quickly vaporizing and cooling the surface processing temperature to reach an ultralow temperature environment of-100 ℃ to-200 ℃, so that an ice layer is formed in the contact interface area of the pipe fitting and the bending die; the micro-area ice-water blended phase instantaneously generated in the area under the high-speed and high-pressure processing condition plays a role in lubrication, and different lubrication effects are realized through ice layer lubricants with different thicknesses formed on different wettability surfaces.
According to the method for adjusting and controlling the machining quality of the freely bent pipe fitting by the ultralow-temperature ice self-lubricating method, the method can be applied to machining components of different bending dies, the thickness of an ice layer can be controllably changed, the difference of requirements of lubricating effects in the machining processes of different pipe fittings is met, and therefore the machining quality of the metal freely bent pipe fitting is effectively improved.
The method has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention processes the freely bent pipe fitting in the ultra-low temperature cooling environment, can maintain fine equiaxial grains on the micro scale and ensure the comprehensive mechanical property of the surface of the component.
2) Compared with the traditional solid lubricant with large friction resistance, high energy consumption and poor heat transfer performance, the ice layer is used as the processing lubricant, so that the ice layer has the advantages of small friction coefficient, no pollution, low energy consumption and good heat transfer performance, can provide stable surface lubrication performance, reduces abrasion consumption and effectively improves the processing quality of pipe fittings.
3) The invention realizes the control of the thickness of the icing ice layer by introducing the surfaces with different wetting performances. Different lubrication effects can be achieved by utilizing different ice layer thicknesses, and the method has important significance for regulating and controlling the processing quality of metal complex components.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a free-form bend forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Y/Z sectional view of the free bend forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a bending die of the free bending apparatus of the present invention, wherein A is a partial enlarged view of the bending die, B is a Y/Z sectional plan view of the bending die, and C is an X/Y sectional plan view of the bending die;
in the figure, 1-a guide mechanism, 2-a propulsion mechanism, 3-a freely bent pipe fitting, 4-a spherical bearing, 5-a bending die, 6-a pressing mechanism, 7-a liquid nitrogen internal injection type micro injection port and 8-an interface micro area ice water mixed phase.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The pipe bending device has the structural characteristics that:
the key parts of the bending device are shown in figure 2 and comprise a bending die, a spherical bearing, a guide mechanism and a propelling mechanism, wherein the spherical radius of the bending die, which is contacted with the spherical bearing, is the same. The pipe passes through the guide mechanism and the bending die in sequence under the continuous pushing action of the pushing mechanism, when the pipe passes through the bending die, the spherical bearing performs eccentric motion in an X/Y plane, the bending die rotates along with the eccentric motion of the spherical bearing, and when the spherical bearing deviates from a balance position in the X/Y plane, the pipe generates an eccentric distance at a bending part, so that the bending forming is realized.
The bending die has the structural characteristics that:
1) the micro-nano texture layer is constructed on the inner surface of the bending die through texture processing, and the micro-nano texture layer comprises different scales from 100nm to 100 mu m, so that the difference of surface wettability (comprising a super-hydrophilic surface, a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophobic surface) is realized. An ice layer is formed in a contact interface area of the pipe fitting and the bending die in an ultralow-temperature processing environment, a micro-area ice-water blending phase instantaneously generated in the area under a high-speed and high-pressure processing condition plays a role in lubrication, and different thicknesses of the formed ice layer are realized by using different wettability of the inner surface of the bending die, so that different processing and lubricating effects are finally realized.
2) Processing 4 internal-spraying micro injection ports (the diameter range is 0.5mm to 3mm) on the outer surface of a bending die, as shown in figure 3, spraying liquid nitrogen to a micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die through the micro injection ports to form an ice layer between the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die and the surface of a pipe fitting, generating different surface wettability by constructing different micro-nano texture layers, and obtaining ice layers with different thicknesses by utilizing the different surface wettability to realize different adhesion forces of the ice layers; under the combined action of ice layer lubrication with different thicknesses and translation and rotation of the bending die, free bending of the metal pipe fitting is achieved.
Example 1
The method for adjusting and controlling the processing quality of the freely bent pipe fitting by the ultralow temperature ice self-lubricating method comprises the following steps:
firstly, adopting 6061 aluminum alloy as a free bending pipe fitting material, and selecting 6061 aluminum alloy with the wall thickness of 1mm and the pipe diameter of phi 15mm for later use;
in the second step, YG8 tungsten steel alloy was used as the bending die and the base material. Sequentially grinding the surface of the base material by using No. 1-6 metallographic abrasive paper, then mechanically polishing the base material until no obvious scratch is formed under a metallographic microscope, ultrasonically cleaning the base material in deionized water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for 10min, and airing the base material for later use;
and thirdly, etching the polished sample by using a fiber laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the output power of 10W, the pulse width of 50ns and the repetition frequency of 20kHz, and transmitting the focused laser beam by using a scanning head with a focusing lens. The sample, which is fixed on the stage, is etched by the moving laser beam, first in the X direction and then in the Y direction. In two vertical directions, the distance between adjacent laser scanning lines is 60 mu m, and micro-grooves are generated on the surface after laser etching;
and fourthly, loading the etched bending die into a free bending forming system shown in the attached drawing 1, and then inputting forming shape parameters into a pipe bender control system to carry out a pipe free bending process. In the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen internal-spraying cooling is used at the bearing part to form an ice layer on the inner surface of the bending die, and free bending of the 6061 aluminum alloy is realized under the combined action of ice layer lubrication and translation and rotation of the bending die.
According to the implementation steps, the free bending forming of the aluminum alloy is realized, the static contact angle of the inner surface of the bending die is 4 degrees, the liquid nitrogen cooling processing environment temperature is-150 ℃, the thickness of the formed ice layer is 1.4mm, and the forming requirement of the aluminum alloy pipe fitting with the friction coefficient of 0.05-0.1 can be met.
Example 2
The method for adjusting and controlling the processing quality of the freely bent pipe fitting by the ultralow temperature ice self-lubricating method comprises the following steps:
firstly, H62 copper-zinc alloy is used as a free bending pipe fitting material, and H62 copper-zinc alloy with the wall thickness of 0.8mm and the pipe diameter of phi 16mm is selected for standby;
in the second step, T10A steel was used as the bending die and also as the base material. Sequentially grinding the surface of the base material by using No. 1-6 metallographic abrasive paper, then mechanically polishing the base material until no obvious scratch is formed under a metallographic microscope, ultrasonically cleaning the base material in deionized water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for 10min, and airing the base material for later use;
and thirdly, etching the polished sample by using a fiber laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the output power of 10W, the pulse width of 50ns and the repetition frequency of 20kHz, and transmitting the focused laser beam by using a scanning head with a focusing lens. The sample, which is fixed on the stage, is etched by the moving laser beam, first in the X direction and then in the Y direction. In two vertical directions, the distance between adjacent laser scanning lines is 60 mu m, and micro-grooves are generated on the surface after laser etching;
and fourthly, loading the etched bending die into a free bending forming system shown in the attached drawing 1, and then inputting forming shape parameters into a pipe bender control system to carry out a pipe free bending process. In the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen internal-spraying cooling is used at the bearing position, so that an ice layer is formed on the inner surface of the bending die, and free bending of H62 copper-zinc alloy is realized under the combined action of ice layer lubrication and translation and rotation of the bending die.
According to the implementation steps, the free bending forming of the copper-zinc alloy is realized, the static contact angle of the inner surface of the bending die is 5 degrees, the liquid nitrogen cooling processing environment temperature is-163 ℃, the thickness of the formed ice layer is 1.3mm, and the forming requirement of the copper-zinc alloy pipe fitting with the friction coefficient of 0.05-0.1 can be met.
Example 3
The method for adjusting and controlling the processing quality of the freely bent pipe fitting by the ultralow temperature ice self-lubricating method comprises the following steps:
firstly, adopting 6061 aluminum alloy as a free bending pipe fitting material, and selecting 6061 aluminum alloy with the wall thickness of 1mm and the pipe diameter of phi 15mm for later use;
in the second step, YG8 tungsten steel alloy was used as the bending die and the base material. Sequentially grinding the surface of the base material by using No. 1-6 metallographic abrasive paper, then mechanically polishing the base material until no obvious scratch is formed under a metallographic microscope, ultrasonically cleaning the base material in deionized water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for 10min, and airing the base material for later use;
in the third step, zinc acetate and an equimolar concentration of hexamethylenetetramine were dissolved in 70mL of ultrapure water, and then 2.33mL of ammonia hydroxide and 0.5g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were added dropwise with vigorous stirring. Subsequently, the mixture was transferred into a reactor with the polishing substrate placed vertically, heated at 90 ℃ for 5h and then rinsed with water, and dried under a stream of nitrogen. Finally, PFDS is used for modification to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic sample;
and fourthly, loading the etched bending die into a free bending forming system shown in the attached drawing 1, and then inputting forming shape parameters into a pipe bender control system to carry out a pipe free bending process. In the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen internal-spraying cooling is used at the bearing part to form an ice layer on the inner surface of the bending die, and free bending of the 6061 aluminum alloy is realized under the combined action of ice layer lubrication and translation and rotation of the bending die.
According to the implementation steps, the free bending forming of the aluminum alloy is realized, the static contact angle of the inner surface of the bending die is 156 degrees, the liquid nitrogen cooling processing environment temperature is-143 ℃, the thickness of the formed ice layer is 0.3mm, and the forming requirement of the aluminum alloy pipe fitting with the friction coefficient of 0.1-0.15 can be met.
Example 4
The method for adjusting and controlling the processing quality of the freely bent pipe fitting by the ultralow temperature ice self-lubricating method comprises the following steps:
firstly, H62 copper-zinc alloy is used as a free bending pipe fitting material, and H62 copper-zinc alloy with the wall thickness of 0.8mm and the pipe diameter of phi 16mm is selected for standby;
in the second step, T10A steel was used as the bending die and also as the base material. Sequentially grinding the surface of the base material by using No. 1-6 metallographic abrasive paper, then mechanically polishing the base material until no obvious scratch is formed under a metallographic microscope, ultrasonically cleaning the base material in deionized water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for 10min, and airing the base material for later use;
in the third step, zinc acetate and an equimolar concentration of hexamethylenetetramine were dissolved in 70mL of ultrapure water, and then 2.33mL of ammonia hydroxide and 0.5g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were added dropwise with vigorous stirring. Subsequently, the mixture was transferred into a reactor with the polishing substrate placed vertically, heated at 90 ℃ for 5h and then rinsed with water, and dried under a stream of nitrogen. Finally, PFDS is used for modification to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic sample;
and fourthly, loading the etched bending die into a free bending forming system shown in the attached drawing 1, and then inputting forming shape parameters into a pipe bender control system to carry out a pipe free bending process. In the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen internal-spraying cooling is used at the bearing position, so that an ice layer is formed on the inner surface of the bending die, and free bending of H62 copper-zinc alloy is realized under the combined action of ice layer lubrication and translation and rotation of the bending die.
According to the implementation steps, the free bending forming of the copper-zinc alloy is realized, the static contact angle of the inner surface of the bending die is 162 degrees, the liquid nitrogen cooling processing environment temperature is-139 ℃, the thickness of the formed ice layer is 0.2mm, and the forming requirement of the copper-zinc alloy pipe fitting with the friction coefficient of 0.1-0.15 can be met.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A pipe fitting bending device based on ultra-low temperature ice self-lubricating is characterized by comprising a bending die, a spherical bearing, a guide mechanism and a propelling mechanism; the inner surface of the bending die is constructed with a micro-nano texture layer, 4 internal-spraying micro-injection ports are processed on the outer surface of the bending die, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed to the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die through the micro-injection ports.
2. A pipe bending apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nanostructured layer has dimensions in the range of 100nm to 100 μm.
3. A tube bending device according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nozzles have a diameter in the range of 0.5mm to 3 mm.
4. The pipe bending device according to claim 1, wherein the surface wettability of the micro-nano texture layer is one of four different wettability including a super-hydrophilic surface, a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophobic surface.
5. A bending method based on the pipe bending device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the whole forming process, liquid nitrogen is sprayed to the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die through the micro-injection port, so that an ice layer is formed between the micro-nano texture layer on the inner surface of the bending die and the surface of the pipe, different surface wettability is generated by constructing different micro-nano texture layers, and ice layers with different thicknesses are obtained by utilizing the difference of the surface wettability, so that the difference of the adhesion force of the ice layers is realized; under the combined action of ice layer lubrication with different thicknesses and translation and rotation of the bending die, free bending of the metal pipe fitting is achieved.
6. The bending method according to claim 5, wherein the tube is a metal material including an aluminum alloy, a copper-zinc alloy; the bending die material is a metal material comprising stainless steel and tungsten steel alloy.
7. The bending method according to claim 5, wherein the micro-nano textured layer is processed by the following steps: constructing a micro-nano texture layer on the surface of a mould by a texture processing method including physical and chemical methods, wherein the macro surface shows that the surface wettability is changed, namely one of four surfaces with different wettability, namely a super-hydrophilic surface, a hydrophobic surface and a super-hydrophobic surface, is obtained; the physical or chemical methods include, but are not limited to, laser etching and chemical etching.
8. The bending method according to claim 5, wherein the surface wettability comprises: the super-hydrophilic surface, the hydrophobic surface and the super-hydrophobic surface, wherein the contact angle of the super-hydrophilic surface is 0-5 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 1000-2000 kPa; the contact angle of the hydrophilic surface is 5-90 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 500-1000 kPa; the contact angle of the hydrophobic surface is 90-150 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 100-500 kPa; the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic surface is 150-180 degrees, and the surface adhesion strength is 50-100 kPa.
9. The bending method according to claim 8, wherein the layers of ice of different thicknesses are: the thickness of an ice layer formed on the super-hydrophilic surface is 1.2-1.5 mm, and the density is 0.8-0.9; the thickness of an ice layer formed on the hydrophilic surface is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the density is 0.7-0.8; the thickness of an ice layer formed on the hydrophobic surface is 0.4-0.8 mm, and the density is 0.5-0.7; the thickness of the ice layer formed on the super-hydrophobic surface is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the density is 0.3-0.5.
10. The bending method according to claim 2, wherein the surface processing temperature is rapidly vaporized and cooled by liquid nitrogen to reach an ultra-low temperature environment of-100 ℃ to-200 ℃, and further an ice layer is formed in a contact interface area of the pipe and the bending die; the micro-area ice-water blended phase instantaneously generated in the area under the high-speed and high-pressure processing condition plays a role in lubrication, and different lubrication effects are realized through ice layer lubricants with different thicknesses formed on different wettability surfaces.
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| CN111545608A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-08-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device for reducing relative bending radius of free-bending part and free-bending method |
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| CN115365348A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-22 | 佛山高谱机械科技有限公司 | Pipe bending method for constructing oil locking microstructure array based on laser effect |
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| CN112808883A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Preparation method of bent tungsten electrode |
| CN115365348A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-22 | 佛山高谱机械科技有限公司 | Pipe bending method for constructing oil locking microstructure array based on laser effect |
| CN116197283A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-06-02 | 佛山高谱机械科技有限公司 | Titanium alloy pipe thermal bending method based on self-lubricating effect |
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