CN110813990A - Advanced oxidation and packaging fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Advanced oxidation and packaging fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN110813990A CN110813990A CN201911120506.5A CN201911120506A CN110813990A CN 110813990 A CN110813990 A CN 110813990A CN 201911120506 A CN201911120506 A CN 201911120506A CN 110813990 A CN110813990 A CN 110813990A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100001234 toxic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/21—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using organic binders or matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation and fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash, in particular to a harmless treatment method of solid waste incineration fly ash. The method uses reagents such as seaweed organic polymer oxidant, seaweed organic polymer energy agent, seaweed organic polymer curing agent, hydrogen peroxide and the like, and reduces the toxicity of heavy metals in the fly ash and degrades dioxin type persistent organic volatile matters in the fly ash through main steps such as oxidation reduction, continuous oxidation, curing and packaging and the like. The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the treatment method, the heavy metal toxicity of the fly ash can be reduced, organic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the fly ash can be degraded, and dioxin type persistent organic volatile organic compounds in the fly ash can be degraded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental management, and particularly relates to a method for advanced oxidation, encapsulation and fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash.
Background
The solid waste incineration fly ash refers to fine particulate matters trapped and aggregated by various solid waste incineration flue gas purification systems such as domestic waste, industrial waste or medical waste. The higher the purification level of the solid waste incineration flue gas is, the higher the content of fly ash pollutants captured by the purification system is. The waste incineration technology in China is developed rapidly, the flue gas purification technology is improved continuously, but the collected fly ash treatment technology becomes a weak link for pollution control and risk control in the waste incineration process.
The solid waste incineration fly ash in China has the characteristics of high yield, enrichment of heavy metals and dioxin and high content of volatile elements. The chlorine content of the fly ash is high, and the difficulty of fly ash treatment is further increased. At present, the main method for treating fly ash in China is to convey the fly ash into a sanitary landfill site for distinguishing and landfill after the fly ash is solidified and stabilized. The aim of the technology is to form a multi-layer barrier by solidifying and stably providing a waste barrier, an engineering barrier provided by a landfill and address guarantee provided by landfill site selection, cut off the exposure and migration paths of pollutants to the maximum extent and realize the minimization of environmental risks. The disadvantages and drawbacks of this method are: the solidification and stabilization technology is to encapsulate heavy metal pollutants in the fly ash, and the mobility of the heavy metal pollutants is reduced. However, the curing and stabilization cannot remove heavy metals, and cannot remove persistent organic pollutants such as dioxin. The prior art uses microorganisms to stabilize medicaments to stabilize heavy metals, and the method has little effect; some chemical substances are used for absorbing some heavy metals in a targeted manner, but the method can play a certain role, but the fly ash contains a plurality of heavy metals, and the possibility that a plurality of heavy metals are absorbed simultaneously is low; the method has obvious effects in a short term, but has completely different release potentials and rates of various heavy metals under the complex chemical environment of the landfill yard ball, so that the heavy metals can be stabilized for a long time and cannot be controlled, and the long term has environmental risks.
At present, China is lack of an effective medicament (biological medicament or chemical medicament) which can effectively stabilize and fix the heavy metals in the fly ash. The medicament-cement combined stable fixing method has the advantages of high cost on one hand, large cement curing capacity-increasing proportion on the other hand, increased cost of subsequent landfill treatment and increased landfill site, so the method is less in use. The common method is a cement solidification and stabilization method, which does not adopt any medicament to change the form of heavy metal in the fly ash, and directly uses cement to encapsulate and fix the fly ash and send the fly ash to a sanitary landfill site for landfilling. Scientific experiments prove that by adopting cement curing, the apparent structure of the cured body is damaged in the natural aging process, the strength is reduced, the acid neutralization capacity of the system and the local pH value are reduced, and the heavy metal release risk is increased. Once the cured body is artificially damaged or naturally broken, the encapsulated heavy metals and dioxins are easily exposed and migrate into the environment, posing a risk of environmental contamination. By adopting a chelation and stabilization technology, the heavy metal chelate can be decomposed to form a soluble chelate, the heavy metal mobility is increased, and the environmental risk is caused. It is emphasized that none of the above methods can effectively treat dioxin-like persistent organic pollutants contained in fly ash.
At present, the solid waste incineration fly ash treatment technology also comprises a heat treatment method, a hydrothermal treatment method, a biological extraction method and the like, and the solid waste incineration fly ash treatment technology is not used in a large scale due to high cost and great operation difficulty.
In view of various deficiencies and drawbacks of the prior art, there is an urgent need to develop a new and effective method for treating fly ash from incineration of solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for treating solid waste incineration fly ash by advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation, which is an effective method for harmless treatment of heavy metals and dioxin in fly ash.
The invention aims to provide a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 30-50% hydrogen peroxide into clear water for dilution to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with solid waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash;
(2) continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 30-45 minutes, and standing for 60-120 minutes to form a reactant;
(3) and (3) curing: sending the reactant formed in the step (2) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 15-30 minutes to form fly ash slurry; and after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process.
Breaking the C-C or C-O bond of dioxin through the step (1) or generating an inorganic compound to further encapsulate and cure through a subsequent step, thereby further blocking the potential exposure and diffusion path; heavy metals in fly ash are reduced by oxidation, the form is changed, the proportion of stable state is increased, the mobility and solubility are reduced, and the toxicity is reduced. The use of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant enables ionic bonds or covalent bonds to be broken, and the use of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent enables small particles to be changed into large particles to form new bonds, so that the stabilized heavy metal is not easy to recover to the original form unless in an extreme environment.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the solid waste incineration fly ash advanced oxidation and packaging fixation treatment method is characterized in that in the step (1), the diluent adopts 30-50% hydrogen peroxide H2O2Adding clean water H accounting for 70-80% of the weight of the hydrogen peroxide2And diluting with O.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (1), the addition amount of the diluent is 20-40% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is 1-5% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 30-45 minutes.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (1), the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 35% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer oxidant with the pH value of 11.5-13.5.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (2), the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is 1-5% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 30-45 minutes.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (2), the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer energy agent with pH of 10.5-11.5.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixed treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein, after the step (2), the steps (1) - (2) are repeated for 2-5 times.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixed treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (3), the curing time is 28-32 days; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent is 10-25% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the pH of the solidified block is 6-9.
The solidification process combines partial metals contained in the fly ash slurry to form new covalent bonds or ionic bonds, and the fly ash slurry is firmly combined into a solid block, so that pollutants which are subjected to harmless treatment are encapsulated and fixed in the solid block, and the potential exposure and diffusion paths of the pollutants are further prevented. No cement is added during the curing process, so that the capacity ratio of the treatment substance is not increased. Compared with cement curing, the cost of subsequent landfill treatment is reduced, and landfill site resources are saved.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein in the step (3), the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 3% sodium hydroxide, filtering, and adding organic silicon to obtain the seaweed organic polymer curing agent.
The method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein, in the step (1), the maximum temperature of the whole oxidation reduction process is 42-60 ℃; the stability of the continuous oxidation process in the step (2) is gradually increased to 65 ℃, and then the temperature is slowly decreased to room temperature for stabilization; in the step (3), the temperature is gradually increased to 65 ℃ in the curing reaction process, and then is gradually decreased to the room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash, which changes the forms of various heavy metals in the solid waste incineration fly ash through steps of oxidation reduction, encapsulation solidification and the like, so that the heavy metals are in a stable state, the mobility of the heavy metals is reduced, the solubility and the bioavailability of the heavy metals are reduced, the toxicity of the heavy metals is reduced, dioxin-like persistent organic pollutants in the solid waste incineration fly ash are degraded, and the heavy metals and dioxin in the fly ash are treated simultaneously; the encapsulation cures to form a solid block further blocking potential exposure and diffusion paths for contaminants.
(2) The invention relates to a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixed treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash, which mainly aims to carry out innocent treatment on fly ash containing toxic pollutants such as heavy metal, dioxin and the like, in particular to the innocent treatment on persistent organic pollutants such as heavy metal and dioxin in various solid waste incineration fly ash. The fly ash is not only suitable for the fly ash from the incineration of urban solid wastes, medical solid wastes and industrial production, but also suitable for other fly ash containing heavy metal pollution and dioxin-like persistent organic pollutants.
(3) The advanced oxidation and packaging and fixing treatment method of the solid waste incineration fly ash adopts hydrogen peroxide, the seaweed organic polymer oxidant and the seaweed organic polymer energy agent to realize in-situ advanced oxidation, uses the seaweed organic polymer curing agent instead of cement, does not increase the capacity proportion of treated matters, saves the subsequent landfill cost and saves landfill site resources.
(4) The cured block passes the TCLP test and the leaching test, indicating that the potential exposure and diffusion paths of the package cured contaminants are blocked; if the solid block is approved by the environmental protection department, the solid block formed by the advanced oxidation and packaging and fixing treatment method of the solid waste incineration fly ash can be exempted from common solid waste, and the landfill cost and the site are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixed treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in some more specific embodiments, the method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of solid waste incineration fly ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 30-50% hydrogen peroxide into clear water for dilution to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with solid waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash; (ii) a
(2) Continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 30-45 minutes, and standing for 60-120 minutes to form a reactant;
(4) and (3) curing: sending the reactant formed in the step (2) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 15-30 minutes to form fly ash slurry; and after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixing treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 35% hydrogen peroxide into 75% clear water by weight of the hydrogen peroxide to dilute to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with solid waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash; use of seaweed organic polymer oxidants to break ionic or covalent bonds;
(2) continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 40 minutes, and standing for 90 minutes to form a reactant; the use of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent changes small particles into large particles to form new bonds, so that the stabilized heavy metal is not easy to be reduced into the original form unless in an extreme environment;
breaking the C-C or C-O bond through the steps (1) and (2), or generating an inorganic compound to further encapsulate and cure through a subsequent step, and further blocking the potential exposure and diffusion path; heavy metals in the fly ash are oxidized and reduced, the form is changed, the proportion of stable state is increased, the mobility and the solubility are reduced, and the toxicity is reduced;
(3) and (3) curing: sending the reactant formed in the step (2) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 20 minutes to form fly ash slurry; and after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixation treatment of fly ash generated by incineration of medical waste, which comprises the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 50% hydrogen peroxide into 80% clear water by weight of the hydrogen peroxide to dilute to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with the waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash; use of seaweed organic polymer oxidants to break ionic or covalent bonds; the addition amount of the diluent is 40% of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer oxidation energy agent is 5 percent of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 30 minutes; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 35% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, wherein the pH value of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is 13.5;
(2) continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 30 minutes, and standing for 120 minutes to form a reactant; the use of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent changes small particles into large particles to form new bonds, so that the stabilized heavy metal is not easy to be reduced into the original form unless in an extreme environment; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer energy agent, wherein the pH value of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent is 11.5;
(3) repeating the steps (1) to (2) for 3 times;
(4) and (3) curing: sending the final reactant formed in the step (3) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 20 minutes to form fly ash slurry; after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process; the curing time is 28 days; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent is 25 percent of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the pH of the solidified block is 9; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 3% sodium hydroxide, filtering, and adding organic silicon to obtain the seaweed organic polymer curing agent.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixing treatment of fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 50% hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) into 80% clear water by weight of the hydrogen peroxide to dilute to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with the waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash; use of seaweed organic polymer oxidants to break ionic or covalent bonds; the addition amount of the diluent is 20% of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer oxidation energy agent is 1 percent of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 45 minutes; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 35% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, wherein the pH value of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is 11.5;
(2) continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 45 minutes, and standing for 60 minutes to form a reactant; the use of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent changes small particles into large particles to form new bonds, so that the stabilized heavy metal is not easy to be reduced into the original form unless in an extreme environment; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer energy agent, wherein the pH value of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent is 10.5;
(3) repeating the steps (1) - (2) for 5 times;
(4) and (3) curing: sending the final reactant formed in the step (3) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 20 minutes to form fly ash slurry; after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process; the curing time was 32 days; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent is 10 percent of the volume of the waste incineration fly ash; the pH of the solidified block is 6; the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent comprises the following steps: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 3% sodium hydroxide, filtering, and adding organic silicon to obtain the seaweed organic polymer curing agent.
The solidification process combines partial metals contained in the fly ash slurry to form new covalent bonds or ionic bonds, and the fly ash slurry is firmly combined into a solid block, so that pollutants which are subjected to harmless treatment are encapsulated and fixed in the solid block, and the potential exposure and diffusion paths of the pollutants are further prevented. No cement is added during the curing process, so that the capacity ratio of the treatment substance is not increased. Compared with cement curing, the cost of subsequent landfill treatment is reduced, and landfill site resources are saved; the highest temperature in the whole oxidation-reduction process of the step (1) and the continuous oxidation process of the step (2) is 42-60 ℃; and (2) the temperature is gradually increased to 65 ℃ in the process of continuing the oxidation reaction, and the temperature is gradually decreased to the ambient temperature after the reaction is finished. In the step (3), the temperature in the curing reaction process gradually rises to 65 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to the ambient temperature after the reaction is finished.
The solid block obtained by the advanced oxidation and encapsulation fixed treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash carries out TCLP test (leaching test) according to the American standard, and simultaneously carries out extreme leaching test according to the test requirements and test procedures exceeding the American TCLP test, and the displayed results are the same. The normal TCLP test (leaching test) is a test in which the entire solid block is placed without breakage, while the extreme test exceeding the requirements and test procedures of the TCLP test is a test in which the entire solid block is ground into powder and the powder is placed in a container to perform a leaching test. When the results of the extreme TCLP leaching test and the conventional TCLP leaching test are not different, the fact that the physical properties (wind erosion rate, compaction density, water content, shear strength, solubility and the like) of the solid block are irrelevant to the release of toxic substances is shown. Therefore, we did not test the physical properties of the solid block.
Before and after the incineration fly ash is treated and before solid blocks are formed, the reduction amplitude of the effective state of the heavy metal is 95-98%.
And (3) standing the formed solid block for 28 days, and then carrying out an extreme TCLP (thermal shock liquid chromatography) dipping test, wherein the heavy metal detection result detected by a dipping liquid completely meets the environmental protection standard, and the test report is as follows in the following table 1:
table 1 heavy metal test results
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the solid blocks obtained by the advanced oxidation and encapsulation/fixation treatment method of the fly ash from waste incineration of the present invention all have chromium, arsenic, selenium, silver, cadmium, barium, lead and mercury meeting environmental protection standards.
Most importantly, the dioxin-like persistent organic volatile matter 2,3,7,8-TCDD in the solid block basically reaches 12.4 gp/L. The dioxin reduction rate reaches 94 to 99 percent. The test reports are as follows in table 2:
TABLE 2 detection results of dioxin-like persistent organic volatiles
| Detecting items | The detection result is% | Estimated result% | Limit value% | Ratio of | RRT | Dilution factor |
| 2,3,7,8-TCDD | 12.4 | 1.87 | 5.47 | 0.77 | 1.001 | 1 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the dioxin-like persistent organic volatile substance 2,3,7,8-TCDD 12.4gp/L was very low and was almost "undetected" near ND.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solid waste incineration fly ash advanced oxidation and packaging fixation treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) oxidation and reduction: adding 30-50% hydrogen peroxide into clear water for dilution to form a diluent; pouring the diluent into a non-closed reaction vessel filled with solid waste incineration fly ash, then pouring the seaweed organic polymer oxidant, fully stirring and reacting to form oxidized fly ash;
(2) continuous oxidation: adding an organic seaweed polymer energy agent into the oxidized fly ash obtained in the step (1), fully stirring and reacting for 30-45 minutes, and standing for 60-120 minutes to form a reactant;
(3) and (3) curing: sending the reactant formed in the step (2) into a non-closed curing stirring container, adding a seaweed organic polymer curing agent, and fully stirring for 15-30 minutes to form fly ash slurry; and after the reaction is finished, inputting the fly ash slurry into a shaping mold for solidification to form a fixed block with an anti-seepage function, and finishing the treatment process.
2. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 30-50% is added into clear water with the weight of 70-80% of that of hydrogen peroxide for dilution to form a diluent.
3. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the addition amount of the diluent is 20-40% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is 1-5% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 30-45 minutes.
4. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (2), the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent is 1-5% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the stirring time is 30-45 minutes.
5. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer oxidant is as follows: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 35% concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer oxidant with the pH value of 11.5-13.5.
6. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-immobilization treatment method of solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the preparation method of the seaweed organic polymer energy agent is as follows: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 35% sodium hydroxide, and filtering to obtain the seaweed organic polymer energy agent with pH of 10.5-11.5.
7. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein after the step (2), the steps (1) - (2) are repeated 2-5 times.
8. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the curing time is 28-32 days; the addition amount of the seaweed organic polymer curing agent is 10-25% of the volume of the solid waste incineration fly ash; the pH of the solidified block is 6-9.
9. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-immobilization treatment method of solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the seaweed organic polymer curing agent is prepared by: stirring deep sea algae to crush, and adding 3% dilute sulfuric acid to acidify; leaching with 3% sodium hydroxide, filtering, and adding organic silicon to obtain the seaweed organic polymer curing agent.
10. The advanced oxidation and encapsulation-fixation treatment method for solid waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the maximum temperature of the whole oxidation-reduction process is 42-60 ℃; in the step (2), the temperature is gradually increased to 60 ℃ in the continuous oxidation process, and then is gradually decreased to the room temperature; in the step (3), the temperature is gradually increased to 65 ℃ in the curing reaction process, and then is slowly decreased to the room temperature.
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