CN110813034A - S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber - Google Patents

S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110813034A
CN110813034A CN201911108064.2A CN201911108064A CN110813034A CN 110813034 A CN110813034 A CN 110813034A CN 201911108064 A CN201911108064 A CN 201911108064A CN 110813034 A CN110813034 A CN 110813034A
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China
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heat exchange
tube bundle
falling film
exchange tube
liquid distribution
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CN201911108064.2A
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CN110813034B (en
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杜帅
王紫璇
王如竹
李海玉
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Du Shuai
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber which comprises a shell, a cylinder, a liquid distribution device, a cooling device and a plurality of air holes, wherein the cylinder is arranged in the shell; the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged in the cylinder body, and the liquid distribution device is arranged above the cooling device; the air holes comprise a first air hole and a second air hole, and the first air hole and the second air hole are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body; along the height direction, the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged between the first air hole and the second air hole; the bottom of the cylinder body is also provided with an outlet. The invention adopts the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle, and effectively improves the solution distribution uniformity of the solution outside the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle. The falling film heat exchanger has the advantages of large specific surface area, uniform liquid distribution, long solution residence heat exchange surface time, promotion of absorption, heat transfer and mass transfer by inducing solution mixing and the like, so that the falling film absorption performance is remarkably improved; when the characteristic size of the pipe diameter is small, small-scale heat and mass transfer can be realized.

Description

S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular to an S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber.
Background
At present, great progress space still exists in the utilization rate, economic benefit and ecological benefit of energy utilization in China, the improvement of the comprehensive utilization rate of energy is a fundamental way for solving the energy problem in China, and the solution measures mainly aim at improving the efficiency of an energy application system. The correct selection of working medium, the improvement of system structure and the enhancement of heat transfer and mass transfer performance are three main measures for improving the efficiency of the energy application system. The falling film absorber is widely applied to absorption refrigeration, heat pumps, power generation, heat storage, electric power, chemical industry and other industrial processes, and is common heat and mass transfer equipment. The dividing wall type falling film absorber can heat and cool at a lateral line so as to realize energy-saving operation of various processes, is a key part for energy conservation and emission reduction of various processes, generally adopts modes of external falling film absorption and internal cold source cooling, and relates to falling film flowing and cooling heat exchange of solution and a heat and mass transfer process of gas-liquid two phases. Although falling film absorption modes such as vertical tubes, horizontal tubes, spiral tubes and flat plates have the advantages of side line cooling, small liquid storage amount, small pressure drop on the gas side and heat and mass transfer of films, the falling film absorber still has the following key problems:
(1) the heat and mass transfer coefficient is low. The heat exchange tube of the traditional falling film absorber has large heat and mass transfer characteristic size and thick liquid film on the surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat transfer coefficient of a coolant and the liquid film is low, and the stable mass transfer coefficient in the liquid film is also low.
(2) The wettability is poor. The traditional falling film absorber has the problems of poor wettability such as uneven liquid film distribution, dry spots and the like due to liquid distribution, flow and surface tension, and the area of a heat exchanger cannot be well utilized, so that the absorption performance of the falling film absorber is poor.
(3) The solution residence time is short. The residence time of a liquid film of the traditional falling film absorber on the surface of a heat exchanger is short, and the incomplete absorption is caused due to insufficient heat and mass transfer time.
(4) The falling film absorber is bulky. Due to the limitation of the pipe diameter, the structure and the arrangement of the conventional heat exchange pipe, the specific surface area of the heat exchanger is small, and the absorption rate of the falling film absorber in unit volume is low.
For the improvement of the absorber, a plurality of patents exist at present, and the main improvement lies in the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes and the structural optimization of the absorber. Through the search of documents and patents in the prior art, Chinese patent publications are as follows: CN 103822409a, patent name: a falling film heat exchanger with spirally arranged pipelines. The invention mainly aims at the distribution strategy of different fluids in the absorber to carry out pipeline arrangement and structure optimization of heat exchange equipment, but the falling film absorber structure disclosed by the patent adopts spiral pipeline arrangement, and still has the defects of small specific surface area of a heat exchange pipe, poor wettability, insufficient utilization of unit space, large volume of the absorber and the like. The Chinese patent publication numbers are: CN 203053091U, patent name: the utility model provides a plate fin formula falling liquid film absorber, this utility model patent has increased heat transfer area through the mode that adds the plate fin, and the pipeline still adopts traditional helical piping mode, and the increase of plate fin is showing not improving that heat exchange tube specific surface is little, the poor, the insufficient, the great shortcoming of absorber volume of unit space utilization. Chinese patent grant no: CN 202113744U, patent name: falling liquid film absorber, this utility model patent are a vertical absorber, can realize the recycle to waste gas under the atmospheric pressure. The adopted absorption technology is simpler and is only suitable for the treatment of waste gas with smaller flow speed. The positions of the air inlet and the air outlet are very close, and the quality of the waste gas at the air outlet can not be ensured. Chinese patent grant no: CN 202844835U with patent name: falling liquid film absorber, this utility model patent are a vertical absorber, and intraductal film forming absorbs exothermic process, can realize better absorption effect, but the laminar flow stage after intraductal film forming, its absorption effect can worsen gradually, and heat and mass transfer specific surface is less.
Besides, in the aspect of distribution of the liquid, the patent: falling film heat exchanger (CN 206449940U) and patent: a liquid distribution device (CN 206959393U) of a steel vertical falling film absorber is an improvement on the liquid distribution device in the falling film absorber. The improvement of the two is only to improve the uniformity of the liquid distribution, but not to improve the comprehensive heat exchange effect and the absorption effect of the absorber. The article: the performance optimization analysis of the solar pump-free lithium bromide refrigerator adopts a liquid distribution mode of an overflow type sprinkling plate, a 10-mesh stainless steel wire mesh is laid on the surface of a transverse pipe, the thickness of a detention layer of a gas-liquid two-membrane is reduced by virtue of the capillary action of a mesh structure, the mass transfer resistance is further reduced, the heat and mass transfer area is increased, and the liquid retention rate of the surface of a liquid membrane is enhanced. Although the holes of the liquid distribution device are uniformly distributed, the solution inlet still leads the solution to be concentrated in a certain small-range area to fall, and the locked liquid is not easy to flow down due to the addition of the net-shaped structure, and most of the locked liquid is still remained in the net-shaped structure and is not utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber.
The S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber provided by the invention comprises a shell, a cylinder, a liquid distribution device, a cooling device and a plurality of air holes, wherein:
the barrel is arranged in the shell;
the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged in the cylinder body, and the liquid distribution device is arranged above the cooling device;
the air holes comprise a first air hole and a second air hole, and the first air hole and the second air hole are formed in the side wall of the cylinder body;
along the height direction, the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged between the first air hole and the second air hole;
the bottom of the cylinder body is also provided with an outlet.
Preferably, the liquid distribution device comprises a liquid distribution inlet pipe and a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles, wherein:
the liquid distribution inlet pipeline extends into the cylinder from the outside of the shell;
the plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the cylinder, one end of each first heat exchange tube bundle is communicated with the inner part of the cylinder of the liquid distribution inlet pipeline, and the other end of each first heat exchange tube bundle is a free end;
preferably, the cooling device comprises a cold source outlet pipeline, a cold source inlet pipeline and a plurality of second heat exchange tube bundles, wherein:
the cold source outlet pipeline and the cold source inlet pipeline both extend from the interior of the cylinder to the exterior of the shell;
the second heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the cylinder, one end of the second heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the cold source outlet pipeline, and the other end of the second heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the cold source inlet pipeline.
Preferably, the first and second heat exchanger tube bundles are S-shaped heat exchanger tube bundles.
Preferably, the bending radius of the plurality of first and second heat exchange tube bundles is the smallest bending radius of the heat exchange tube bundles inside the cylinder.
Preferably, a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles and second heat exchange tube bundle all set up side by side inside the barrel, and adjacent heat exchange tube bundle is crisscross distribution connection.
Preferably, the free end of the first heat exchanger tube bundle is disposed above the cooling device.
Preferably, the height of the cold source outlet pipe is higher than that of the cold source inlet pipe.
Preferably, the inner and outer surfaces of the first and second heat exchanger tube bundles are provided with any one or any plurality of the following structures:
-a fin;
-a trench;
-a thread.
Preferably, the housing and the cylinder are made of stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium or copper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the heat exchange tube bundle can be formed by small-diameter tubes, has small-scale heat and mass transfer characteristics, and improves the heat and mass transfer coefficient;
(2) the liquid distribution device of the invention also adopts the S-shaped tube bundle, can correspondingly distribute liquid on the surface of the tube bundle, and realizes the uniformity of the liquid distribution by increasing the flow resistance;
(3) the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle can be formed by small-caliber tubes, so that the wettability is improved;
(4) the invention adopts the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle structure, so that the space is effectively utilized, the specific surface area is increased, and the gas-liquid contact area in the absorption process is increased;
(5) the liquid film has the effect of mixing and then shunting at the contact position of the S-shaped pipe, so that the mass transfer process in the liquid film is promoted;
(6) due to the geometric constraint of the S-shaped heat exchange tube, the influence of free liquid on the absorption process under the working conditions of swinging and vibration can be weakened.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber;
fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 2.
The figures show that:
downstream inlet 1
Dilute solution inlet 2
Liquid distributor 3
Dilute solution outlet 4 of liquid distributor
Cold source outlet header pipe 5
"S pipe" heat exchanger tube bundle 6
Cold source inlet header pipe 7
Counterflow inlet 8
Concentrated solution outlet 9
Single S-shaped heat exchange tube 10
Square barrel 11
Cylindrical barrel 12
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a downstream air inlet 1, a dilute solution inlet 2, a liquid distributor 3, a dilute solution outlet 4 of the liquid distributor, a cold source outlet header pipe 5, an 'S-tube' heat exchange tube bundle 6, a cold source inlet header pipe 7, a countercurrent air inlet 8, a concentrated solution outlet 9, a single 'S-shaped' heat exchange tube 10, a square barrel 11 and a cylindrical barrel 12.
Wherein: the falling film absorber shell is respectively communicated with a downstream air inlet 1, a dilute solution inlet 2, a cold source outlet header pipe 5, a cold source inlet header pipe 7, a countercurrent air inlet 8 and a concentrated solution outlet 9.
The cocurrent air inlet hole position 1 and the countercurrent air inlet hole 8 are respectively positioned at the positions farthest away from and closest to the concentrated solution outlet 9, and the dilute solution inlet 2 and the concentrated solution outlet 9 are respectively positioned at the lower part of the cocurrent air inlet and the bottom of the falling film absorber shell. The dilute solution inlet 2 is connected with a liquid distributor 3, and dilute solution flows out from a dilute solution outlet 4 of the liquid distributor.
A plurality of single S-shaped heat exchange tubes 10 are sequentially welded and stacked in a mirror-image equidistant mode along the axial direction of the dilute solution inlet 2 and the cold source outlet header pipe 5 to form an S-tube heat exchange tube bundle 6. And a plurality of single S-shaped heat exchange tubes 10 are sequentially stacked in an mirroring and equidistant manner along the axial direction of the cold source inlet header pipe 7 to form a liquid distributor 3, wherein the liquid distributor 3 is an S-shaped tube bundle structure without lumped tubes at the outlet, the arrangement interval of the S-shaped tube bundle structure is the same as that of the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 6, and the S-shaped tube bundle structure is positioned right above the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 6 in the rectangular cylinder.
The S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 6 is arranged in a square cylinder 11, the square cylinder 11 is arranged in a cylindrical cylinder 12 of the absorber, and a gas channel is formed on the shell side of the square cylinder 11.
The diameter range of the S-shaped heat exchange tube is not limited, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube can adopt structures such as fins, grooves, threads and the like; the S-shaped heat exchange tube is structurally characterized in that two adjacent rings are in mutual contact after being bent, and the bending degree of the S-shaped heat exchange tube is the minimum bending radius under the corresponding tube diameter; the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle arranged in the rectangular cylinder body can be formed by one group of S-shaped heat exchange tube bundles or a plurality of groups of S-shaped heat exchange tube bundles which are connected in parallel or in series; the S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber is made of materials such as stainless steel, copper and the like; the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle is not limited to a falling film absorber, but also can be used for heat exchange equipment such as a falling film evaporator, a rectifier, a spray condenser, a spray evaporator, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the like, and the shell pass structure of the S-shaped heat exchange tube bundle can be vertical, horizontal or any other inclination angle.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: dilute solution of aqueous ammonia gets into liquid distributor 3 by weak solution entry 2, solution is at the surperficial liquid film that forms of "S shape" heat exchanger tube bank 6 after 4 flows out by the dilute solution export of liquid distributor, gaseous by the inlet port 8 entering absorber cylinder 12 and square barrel 11 against the current, 6 surfaces are absorbed at "S shape" heat exchanger tube bank, the coolant is got into by cold source entry header pipe 7, flow out by cold source export header pipe 5, the absorption heat is taken away by the coolant, the concentrated solution that forms after the absorption flows out from the thick solution export 9 in bottom of absorber cylinder 12.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a falling film absorber of S type tube bundle which characterized in that, includes shell, barrel, cloth liquid device, cooling device and a plurality of gas pocket, wherein:
the barrel is arranged in the shell;
the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged in the cylinder body, and the liquid distribution device is arranged above the cooling device;
the air holes comprise a first air hole and a second air hole, and the first air hole and the second air hole are formed in the side wall of the cylinder body;
along the height direction, the liquid distribution device and the cooling device are both arranged between the first air hole and the second air hole;
the bottom of the cylinder body is also provided with an outlet.
2. An S-tube bundle falling film absorber according to claim 1 wherein said liquid distribution means comprises a liquid distribution inlet conduit and a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles, wherein:
the liquid distribution inlet pipeline extends into the cylinder from the outside of the shell;
a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles set up inside the barrel, and a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles's one end intercommunication cloth liquid inlet pipeline's the inside part of barrel, the other end is the free end.
3. An S-tube bundle falling film absorber according to claim 2 wherein said cooling means comprises a cold source outlet conduit, a cold source inlet conduit and a plurality of second heat exchange tube bundles, wherein:
the cold source outlet pipeline and the cold source inlet pipeline both extend from the interior of the cylinder to the exterior of the shell;
the second heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the cylinder, one end of the second heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the cold source outlet pipeline, and the other end of the second heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the cold source inlet pipeline.
4. The S-bank falling film absorber of claim 3, wherein said first and second heat exchange banks are S-bank heat exchange banks.
5. The S-bank falling film absorber of claim 3, wherein the radius of curvature of the S-bends of the first and second plurality of heat exchange banks is the smallest radius of curvature of the heat exchange banks inside the cylinder.
6. The S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles and second heat exchange tube bundles are arranged side by side inside the cylinder, adjacent first heat exchange tube bundles are connected to the liquid distribution inlet pipeline of the liquid distribution device in a staggered manner, and adjacent second heat exchange tube bundles are connected to the cold source inlet pipeline and the cold source outlet pipeline in a staggered and distributed manner.
7. An S-tube bundle falling film absorber according to claim 2 wherein the free end of said first heat exchange tube bundle is disposed above said cooling means.
8. An S-tube bundle falling film absorber according to claim 3 wherein the height of the cold source outlet conduit is higher than the height of the cold source inlet conduit.
9. An S-tube bundle falling film absorber according to claim 3 wherein the inner and outer surfaces of the first and second heat exchange tube bundles are provided with any one or more of the following:
-a fin;
-a trench;
-a thread.
10. The S-beam falling film absorber of claim 1, wherein the shell and the cylinder are formed of stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium, or copper.
CN201911108064.2A 2019-11-13 2019-11-13 S-shaped tube bundle falling film absorber Active CN110813034B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN110813034A true CN110813034A (en) 2020-02-21
CN110813034B CN110813034B (en) 2021-08-24

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004018950A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-03-04 National University Of Singapore Falling film vapor absorber, cooling system, and method
EP2101122A2 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-16 Magnificent Services Ltd. Water heater
CN102322752A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-18 西安交通大学 Heat exchanger
CN202844835U (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-04-03 杭州新安江工业泵有限公司 Falling film absorber
CN204428869U (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-07-01 天津奥展兴达化工技术有限公司 A kind of liquid distribution device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004018950A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-03-04 National University Of Singapore Falling film vapor absorber, cooling system, and method
EP2101122A2 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-16 Magnificent Services Ltd. Water heater
CN102322752A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-18 西安交通大学 Heat exchanger
CN202844835U (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-04-03 杭州新安江工业泵有限公司 Falling film absorber
CN204428869U (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-07-01 天津奥展兴达化工技术有限公司 A kind of liquid distribution device

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Effective date of registration: 20240411

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