CN110808811A - Wavelength division multiplexing system and local side equipment thereof - Google Patents
Wavelength division multiplexing system and local side equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110808811A CN110808811A CN202010014470.9A CN202010014470A CN110808811A CN 110808811 A CN110808811 A CN 110808811A CN 202010014470 A CN202010014470 A CN 202010014470A CN 110808811 A CN110808811 A CN 110808811A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0287—Protection in WDM systems
- H04J14/0297—Optical equipment protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/03—Arrangements for fault recovery
- H04B10/038—Arrangements for fault recovery using bypasses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07955—Monitoring or measuring power
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Abstract
The invention provides a local side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system, which comprises a passive transmission device and an optical switch connected with the passive transmission device, wherein the optical switch is connected with a main optical fiber and a standby optical fiber and is used for connecting the passive transmission device with the main optical fiber or the standby optical fiber; the line monitoring and management device is connected with the passive transmission device and the optical switch, the optical switch is also used for connecting the line monitoring and management device with the primary optical fiber, and the line monitoring and management device is used for monitoring, managing, analyzing and positioning a transmitting optical path and a receiving optical path in the passive transmission device and the primary optical fiber. The invention solves the problems that the prior passive WDM can not monitor, manage and protect the optical path, has difficult fault location and difficult maintenance and management.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of information technology, and in particular, to a wavelength division multiplexing system and a local side device thereof.
Background
With the continuous maturation and development of 5G network technology, C-RAN networking is more and more widely applied in 5G fronthaul networks. The centralized station building in the C-RAN networking mode needs to consume a large amount of forward-transmission remote optical fibers, the problem of optical fiber resource shortage is increasingly remarkable, and the construction process of a 5G network is limited. For the problem of short supply of optical fiber resources, in the prior art, a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology is used to implement that a plurality of optical signals with different wavelengths are carried on one shared optical fiber. The existing wavelength division multiplexing technology mainly has two types: active WDM and passive WDM. The active WDM realizes the multiplexing and demultiplexing process of optical signals by installing active equipment at both ends of the system, and has the function of network supervision; however, due to the loading of the active device, a certain service transmission delay can be generated, and meanwhile, the problems of high construction cost, difficulty in power taking for outdoor application and the like exist, so that the method is not suitable for being applied to a wireless forward transmission network. The passive WDM realizes the multiplexing and demultiplexing process of optical signals by installing passive devices at both ends of the system, does not need power supply, is convenient to install, has the advantages of transparent service, low time delay and low construction cost, and is widely applied to wireless forward transmission networks; however, passive WDM cannot monitor, manage and protect the optical path, and is difficult to locate a fault, which brings great difficulty to later-stage network maintenance and management.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wavelength division multiplexing system and local side equipment thereof, which are used for solving the problems that passive WDM in the existing forward transmission network cannot monitor, manage and protect an optical path, is difficult to locate faults and is difficult to maintain and manage in the later period of network.
The present invention is achieved as described above, and provides a local side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system, including:
the local side equipment comprises passive transmission equipment, line monitoring and management equipment and an optical switch;
the passive transmission device is connected with the optical switch, the optical switch is connected with an external main optical fiber and an external backup optical fiber, the optical switch is used for connecting the passive transmission device with the main optical fiber or connecting the passive transmission device with the backup optical fiber, the passive transmission device is used for multiplexing the transmitted optical signal when transmitting the optical signal, then transmitting the multiplexed optical signal out through the main optical fiber or the backup optical fiber, and demultiplexing the optical signal transmitted by a remote device through the main optical fiber or the backup optical fiber when receiving the optical signal;
the line monitoring and management equipment is connected with the passive transmission equipment and is used for monitoring, managing, analyzing and positioning a transmitting optical path and a receiving optical path in the passive transmission equipment and sending monitoring information, a fault analysis result and a positioning result to an operation management platform;
the line monitoring and management equipment is also connected with the optical switch, the optical switch is also used for connecting the line monitoring and management equipment with the primary optical fiber, and the line monitoring and management equipment is also used for monitoring, managing, analyzing and positioning the primary optical fiber and sending monitoring information, a fault analysis and positioning result to the operation management platform;
the line monitoring management device includes: the system comprises a master control module, a power supply module, a branch monitoring module, a fault positioning module, a line protection module and at least one detector;
the power supply module, the branch monitoring module, the fault positioning module and the line protection module are respectively connected with the master control module;
the power supply module is used for supplying electric energy to the master control module;
the branch monitoring module is connected with each detector, each detector is connected with the passive transmission equipment, one detector is used for detecting an optical channel in the passive transmission equipment within a wavelength range, and when the fact that the power of an optical signal in the optical channel exceeds a preset threshold value range is detected, the detected optical signal and the power value thereof are sent to the branch monitoring module;
the branch monitoring module is used for receiving the optical signal and the power value thereof, acquiring the serial number of a detector for sending the optical signal and the power value thereof, generating first fault early warning information and sending the first fault early warning information to the master control module; the branch monitoring module is further used for generating second fault early warning information when receiving optical signals and power values thereof sent by all the detectors, and sending the second fault early warning information to the master control module;
the main control module is used for processing first fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module and then sending the first fault early warning information to the operation management platform when the first fault early warning information is received; when second fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module is received or a user instruction sent by an operation management platform is received, a line switching instruction is generated and sent to the line protection module, and then a line detection instruction is generated and sent to the fault positioning module;
the line protection module is connected with the control end of the optical switch and used for controlling the optical switch to switch on the passive transmission equipment and the standby optical fiber according to the line switching instruction and simultaneously switching on the fault positioning module and the primary optical fiber;
and the fault positioning module is connected with the optical switch and used for carrying out fault detection and searching positioning on the main line according to the line detection instruction and transmitting optical signals.
Optionally, the optical switch is a 22 optical switch, and includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, a fourth terminal, and a control terminal;
the first end of the optical fiber is connected with the passive transmission equipment, the second end of the optical fiber is connected with the fault positioning module, the third end of the optical fiber is connected with the primary optical fiber, the fourth end of the optical fiber is connected with the standby optical fiber, and the control end of the optical fiber is connected with the line protection module;
when the optical switch is in an initial state, the first end is connected with the third end, and the second end is connected with the fourth end; when the control end receives a control command of the line protection module, the first end is connected with the fourth end, and the second end is connected with the third end.
Optionally, the fault location module comprises:
the system comprises a signal processor, a clock module, a laser, a detector and a directional coupler;
the clock module is respectively connected with the first end of the signal processor and the first end of the laser and used for generating a clock signal and sending the clock signal to the signal processor and the laser;
the second end of the signal processor is connected with the master control module, the third end of the signal processor is connected with the first end of the laser, and the fourth end of the signal processor is connected with the first end of the detector, and the signal processor is used for receiving a line detection instruction sent by the master control module and sending a signal emission instruction to the laser according to the line detection instruction;
the laser is connected with the directional coupler and is used for transmitting an optical signal to the directional coupler according to the signal transmission instruction;
the directional coupler is connected with the optical switch and is used for receiving the optical signal emitted by the laser and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber after the fault positioning module is connected with the primary circuit, carrying out directional isolation on the optical signal emitted by the laser and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, transmitting the optical signal emitted by the laser to the primary optical fiber and transmitting the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber to the detector;
the detector is used for receiving and detecting the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal and sending the electrical signal to the signal processor;
the signal processor is further configured to receive the electrical signal sent by the detector, process the electrical signal to obtain fault location information, and send the fault location information to the master control module.
Optionally, the passive transmission device comprises:
the wavelength division multiplexing module comprises a plurality of optical transceiving modules and a first optical splitter and a second optical splitter corresponding to the optical transceiving modules;
each optical transceiver module is arranged on a service port of the BBU/DU equipment and used for receiving and transmitting optical signals in a specified wavelength range;
the wavelength division multiplexing module is further connected to the optical switch, and is configured to multiplex optical signals transmitted by the first optical splitters corresponding to the plurality of optical transceiver modules when transmitting optical signals, and transmit the multiplexed optical signals to a remote device through the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber, and is further configured to demultiplex optical signals transmitted by the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber when receiving optical signals, so as to obtain optical signals in a plurality of wavelength ranges, and transmit the optical signals in the plurality of wavelength ranges to the second optical splitter respectively;
the first optical splitter is arranged on a transmitting optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module and the wavelength division multiplexing module, the input end of the first optical splitter is connected with the output end of the optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, the first output end of the first optical splitter is connected with the detector through an optical fiber, the second output end of the first optical splitter is connected with the input end of the wavelength division multiplexing module through an optical fiber, and the first optical splitter is used for splitting an optical signal into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module transmits the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmitting the sampling signal to the detector and transmitting the main signal to the wavelength division multiplexing module;
the second optical splitter is arranged on a receiving optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module and the wavelength division multiplexing module, the input end of the second optical splitter is connected with the output end of the wavelength division multiplexing module through an optical fiber, the first output end of the second optical splitter is connected with the detector through an optical fiber, the second output end of the second optical splitter is connected with the input end of the optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, and the second optical splitter is used for splitting the optical signal transmitted by the wavelength division multiplexing module into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module receives the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmitting the sampling signal to the detector, and transmitting the main signal to the optical transceiver module.
A wavelength division multiplexing system comprises the local side equipment, the far end equipment, the standby optical fiber and the main optical fiber;
the local side equipment is connected with the far-end equipment through the main optical fiber;
and the local side equipment is connected with the far-end equipment through the spare optical fiber.
According to the office equipment of the wavelength division multiplexing system, the line monitoring management equipment is loaded on the passive transmission equipment, so that an optical path in the office equipment and an optical path in the remote equipment can be monitored, and a transmission optical fiber between the office equipment and the remote equipment can be monitored, so that fault troubleshooting is quicker and more accurate, and later maintenance is facilitated; and the optical switch is arranged to switch the primary optical fiber and the standby optical fiber, so that backup protection of an optical path is realized, and the passive characteristic of remote equipment is also ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a local side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a local-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating an initial state of an optical switch in a local-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state after switching of an optical switch in a local-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault location module in a local-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a local-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example one
The present invention provides a local side device 10 of a wavelength division multiplexing system. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a central office device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the central office device includes:
a passive transmission device 101, a line monitoring management device 102, and an optical switch 103;
the passive transmission device 101 is connected to the optical switch 103, the optical switch 103 is connected to an external primary optical fiber and a backup optical fiber, the optical switch 103 is used to connect the passive transmission device 101 to the primary optical fiber or to connect the passive transmission device 101 to the backup optical fiber, the passive transmission device 101 is used to multiplex the transmitted optical signal when transmitting the optical signal, then transmit the multiplexed optical signal through the primary optical fiber or the backup optical fiber, and when receiving the optical signal, demultiplex the optical signal transmitted from a remote device through the primary optical fiber or the backup optical fiber;
the line monitoring and management device 102 is connected to the passive transmission device 101, and is configured to perform monitoring management, fault analysis and location on a transmitting optical path and a receiving optical path in the passive transmission device 101, and send monitoring information, fault analysis and location results to an operation management platform;
the line monitoring and management device 102 is further connected to the optical switch 103, the optical switch 103 is further configured to connect the line monitoring and management device 102 with the primary optical fiber, and the line monitoring and management device 102 is further configured to perform monitoring management, fault analysis and positioning on the primary optical fiber, and send monitoring information, a fault analysis and a positioning result to the operation management platform.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the office device 10 in the wavelength division multiplexing system may be connected to and communicate with a remote device through a primary optical fiber or a spare optical fiber. The office device 10 includes a passive transmission device 101 and an optical switch 103. The passive transmission device 101 is connected to the optical switch 103, and the optical switch 103 is connected to an external primary optical fiber and a backup optical fiber, in the embodiment of the present invention, the passive transmission device 101 and the primary optical fiber are connected through the optical switch 103, or the passive transmission device 101 and the backup optical fiber are connected through the passive transmission device 101, so as to implement connection and communication between the local device 10 and a remote device.
When the optical switch 103 is connected to the passive transmission device 101 and the primary optical fiber, the passive transmission device 101 emits optical signals in different wavelength ranges, multiplexes the optical signals in the different wavelength ranges, transmits the multiplexed optical signals through the primary optical fiber, demultiplexes the optical signals transmitted from the remote device through the primary optical fiber, and transmits the demultiplexed optical signals in the different wavelength ranges to the client device. When the optical switch 103 is connected to the passive transmission device 101 and the spare optical fiber, the passive transmission device 101 emits optical signals in different wavelength ranges, multiplexes the optical signals in the different wavelength ranges, transmits the multiplexed optical signals through the spare optical fiber, demultiplexes the optical signals transmitted from the remote device through the spare optical fiber, and transmits the demultiplexed optical signals in the different wavelength ranges to the client device. The client device includes a BBU/DU device.
Optionally, the passive transmission device 101 adopts a passive WDM technology, and has the characteristics of transparent service and low transmission delay.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the central office device 10 is additionally provided with a line monitoring management device 102 on the passive transmission device 101. The line monitoring management module 102 is an active device, and is hierarchically and independently arranged with the passive transmission device 101 in terms of service flow and logic, so that even if the line monitoring management module 102 is powered off or has a fault, normal operation of the passive transmission device 101 is not affected, and normal operation of transmission service is not affected. Optionally, in terms of physical installation, the passive transmission device 101 and the line monitoring management module 102 may be installed in the same space, or may be installed separately and independently, which is not limited herein.
The line monitoring and management device 102 is connected to the passive transmission device 101, performs monitoring management, fault analysis and location on a transmitting optical path and a receiving optical path in the passive transmission device 101, and sends monitoring information, fault analysis and location results to an operation management platform. The transmitting optical path is a path for transmitting an optical signal to be transmitted to a remote device in the office device, and the receiving optical path is a path for transmitting an optical signal transmitted from a remote device in the office device, so that the line monitoring and management device 102 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simultaneously implement monitoring, management, fault analysis and positioning of the office device and the remote device, and ensure the passive characteristic of the remote device, which is beneficial to later-stage network maintenance and management.
The line monitoring and management device 102 is further connected to the optical switch 103, and the optical switch 103 is further configured to connect the line monitoring and management device 102 to the primary optical fiber. When the optical switch 103 is connected to the line monitoring and management device 102 and the primary optical fiber, the line monitoring and management device 102 performs monitoring management, fault analysis, and positioning on the primary optical fiber, and sends monitoring information, fault analysis, and positioning results to the operation management platform, thereby implementing monitoring, fault analysis, and positioning on a transmission path between the office device 10 and a remote device.
Specifically, as an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the line monitoring management device 102 includes: the system comprises a master control module 21, a power supply module 22, a branch monitoring module 23, a fault positioning module 24, a line protection module 25 and at least one detector 26;
the power module 22, the branch monitoring module 23, the fault positioning module 24 and the line protection module 25 are respectively connected with the master control module 21;
the power supply module 22 is used for supplying electric energy to the master control module 21;
the branch monitoring module 23 is connected to each of the detectors 26, each of the detectors 26 is connected to the passive transmission device 101, one of the detectors 26 is configured to detect an optical channel in a wavelength range in the passive transmission device 101, and send a detected optical signal and a power value thereof to the branch monitoring module 23 when detecting that the optical signal power in the optical channel exceeds a preset threshold range;
the branch monitoring module 23 is configured to receive the optical signal and the power value thereof, obtain the number of the detector 26 that sends the optical signal and the power value thereof, generate first fault warning information, and send the first fault warning information to the main control module 21; the branch monitoring module 23 is further configured to generate second fault early warning information when receiving optical signals and power values thereof sent by all the detectors 26, and send the second fault early warning information to the main control module 21;
the main control module 21 is configured to, when receiving first fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module 23, process the first fault early warning information and send the first fault early warning information to the operation management platform; when receiving the second fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module 23 or a user instruction issued by the operation management platform, generating a line switching instruction to send to the line protection module 25, and then generating a line detection instruction to send to the fault positioning module 24;
the line protection module 25 is connected to the control end of the optical switch 103, and is configured to control the optical switch 103 to connect the passive transmission device and the spare optical fiber according to the line switching instruction, and simultaneously connect the fault location module and the primary optical fiber;
the fault location module 24 is connected to the optical switch, and configured to perform fault detection and location finding on the main line according to the line detection instruction and transmitting an optical signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the detector 26 includes two types, i.e., a receiving detector and a transmitting detector, where the transmitting detector is used to detect a transmitting optical channel in a wavelength range in the passive transmission device 101, that is, detect a path through which an optical signal transmitted to a remote device in a local device is transmitted, thereby implementing optical channel monitoring and fault detection on the local device; the receiving detector is configured to detect a receiving optical channel in the passive transmission device 101 in a wavelength range, that is, detect a path through which an optical signal sent from a remote device is transmitted in the office device, thereby implementing optical channel monitoring and fault detection on the remote device.
When the detector 26 detects that the power of the optical signal in the optical channel exceeds the preset threshold range, the detected optical signal and the power value thereof are sent to the branch monitoring module 23. The branch monitoring module 23 is mainly configured to analyze and process optical signals and power values thereof of optical channels in different wavelength ranges, determine that an optical channel in a single wavelength range has a fault, acquire a number of the corresponding detector 26, generate first fault warning information, and send the first fault warning information to the master control module 21; and when receiving the optical signals and the power values thereof sent by all the detectors 26, determining that the primary optical fiber has a fault, generating second fault early warning information, and sending the second fault early warning information to the master control module 21.
The master control module 21 is used for monitoring and coordinating control of the branch monitoring module 23, the fault positioning module 24 and the line protection module 25, is provided with a network management system, integrates a standard communication protocol and an interface, and can be docked with an operation management platform of an operator. When first fault early warning information is received, the master control module 21 processes the fault early warning information and then sends the processed fault early warning information to an operation management platform; when receiving the second fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module 23, generating a line switching instruction to control the line protection module 25 to perform a line switching action, and then generating a line detection instruction to control the fault positioning module 24 to detect a fault point position of the primary optical fiber; and when the operation management platform issues a user instruction, generating a line switching instruction to control the line protection module 25 to execute a line switching action, and then generating a line detection instruction to control the fault location module 24 to detect the fault point position of the primary optical fiber.
The line protection module 25 is connected to the control end of the optical switch 103, and controls the optical switch 103 to connect the passive transmission device 101 and the standby optical fiber according to the line switching instruction sent by the main control module 21, so that the passive transmission device 101 transmits an optical signal by using the standby optical fiber, and simultaneously connects the fault location module 24 and the main line.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3A, the optical switch 103 is a 22 optical switch, and includes a first terminal a, a second terminal b, a third terminal c, a fourth terminal d, and a control terminal;
a first end a is connected with the passive transmission device 101, a second end b is connected with the fault positioning module 24, a third end c is connected with the primary optical fiber, a fourth end d is connected with the standby optical fiber, and a control end is connected with the line protection module 25;
when the optical switch 103 is in an initial state, the first end a is connected with the third end c, and the second end b is connected with the fourth end d; when the control terminal receives a control command from the line protection module 25, the first terminal a is connected to the fourth terminal d, and the second terminal b is connected to the third terminal c.
Here, the optical switch 103 has an interlocking switching function, and is connected to the line protection module 25 through a control terminal provided therein, and receives a control command to realize the interlocking switching. As shown in fig. 3A, in an initial state, the first end a is connected to the third end c, the local device 10 performs signal transmission through the primary optical fiber, the second end b is connected to the fourth end d, and the fault location module 25 monitors the spare optical fiber in real time; as shown in fig. 3B, when the control end receives the control instruction of the line protection module 25, the first end a is connected to the fourth end d, the fault location module 25 performs fault analysis and location on the main trunk line in real time, the second end B is connected to the third end c, and the office device 10 performs signal transmission through the spare optical fiber, so that there is no need to intermittently transmit a service, and the normal communication function of the office device 10 is ensured.
After the failure of the primary optical fiber is recovered, the line protection module 25 further controls the optical switch 103 to reconnect the passive transmission device 101 and the primary optical fiber according to a line recovery instruction issued by the main control module 21, so that the local-end device 10 continues to connect and communicate with a remote device by using the primary optical fiber, and simultaneously connects the failure positioning module 24 and the backup optical fiber, so that the failure positioning module 24 performs failure detection and location on the backup optical fiber.
The fault location module 24 is connected to the optical switch 103, and performs fault detection and location finding on the primary optical fiber according to the optical signal transmitted by the line detection instruction sent by the master control module 21.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the fault location module 24 includes:
a signal processor 41, a clock module 42, a laser 43, a detector 44, a directional coupler 45;
the clock module 42 is respectively connected with the first end of the signal processor 41 and the first end of the laser 43, and is configured to generate a clock signal and send the clock signal to the signal processor 41 and the laser 43;
the second end of the signal processor 41 is connected to the master control module 21, the third end is connected to the first end of the laser 43, and the fourth end is connected to the first end of the detector 44, and is configured to receive a line detection instruction sent by the master control module 21 and send a signal emission instruction to the laser according to the line detection instruction;
the laser 43 is connected to the directional coupler 45 for emitting an optical signal to the directional coupler 45 according to the signal emission instruction;
the directional coupler 45 is connected to the optical switch 103, and is configured to receive the optical signal emitted by the laser 43 and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber after the fault location module 24 is connected to the primary line, perform directional isolation on the optical signal emitted by the laser 43 and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, transmit the optical signal emitted by the laser 43 to the primary optical fiber, and transmit the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber to the detector 44;
the detector 44 is configured to receive and detect an optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and send the electrical signal to the signal processor 41;
the signal processor 41 is further configured to receive the electrical signal sent by the detector 44, process the electrical signal to obtain fault location information, and send the fault location information to the master control module 21.
Wherein, the clock signal generated by the clock module 42 is synchronously provided to the signal processor 41 and the laser 43, so that the frequency of the signal processed by the signal processor 41 and the frequency of the pulse signal emitted by the laser 43 are kept consistent.
The signal processor 41 is used for realizing the docking of the fault location module 24 and the overall control module 21. The directional coupler 45 serves as a connection interface between the fault location module 24 and the optical switch 103, and logically and directionally isolates an optical signal emitted by the laser 43 from an optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber.
When the fault location module 24 receives a line detection instruction sent by the master control module 21, the signal processor 41 sends a signal emission instruction to the laser 43 according to the line detection instruction. The laser 43 emits an optical signal to the directional coupler 45 according to the signal emission instruction. The directional coupler 45 transmits the optical signal to the optical switch 103 to transmit the optical signal to the primary optical fiber. The fault point in the primary optical fiber will form fresnel reflection and rayleigh scattering, and the reflected optical signal is transmitted to the directional coupler 45 through the optical switch 103. The directional coupler 45 transmits the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber to the detector 44. The detector 44 converts the detected optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber into an electrical signal, and feeds the electrical signal back to the signal processor 41. The signal processor 41 calculates the fault location information in the primary optical fiber according to the clock signal provided by the clock module 42, and then uploads the fault location information to the master control module 21. The embodiment of the invention realizes the automatic positioning and analysis of the fault problem on the primary optical fiber through the fault positioning module 24, and is beneficial to saving a large amount of time and resources for manually troubleshooting.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the passive transmission module 101 includes:
a wavelength division multiplexing module 51, a plurality of optical transceiver modules 52 and corresponding first and second optical splitters 53 and 54;
each optical transceiver module 52 is installed on a service port of the BBU/DU device, and is configured to receive and transmit an optical signal in a specified wavelength range;
the wavelength division multiplexing module 51 is further connected to the optical switch 103, and is configured to multiplex optical signals transmitted by the first optical splitters 53 corresponding to the plurality of optical transceiver modules 52 when transmitting optical signals, and transmit the multiplexed optical signals to a remote device through a primary optical fiber or a spare optical fiber, and is further configured to demultiplex optical signals transmitted by the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber when receiving optical signals, so as to obtain optical signals in a plurality of wavelength ranges, and transmit the optical signals in the plurality of wavelength ranges to the second optical splitters 54, respectively;
the first optical splitter 53 is disposed on a transmission optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module 52 and the wavelength division multiplexing module 51, and has an input end connected to the output end of the optical transceiver module 52 through an optical fiber, a first output end connected to the detector 26 through an optical fiber, and a second output end connected to the input end of the wavelength division multiplexing module 51 through an optical fiber, and is configured to split the optical signal into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module 52 transmits the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmit the sampling signal to the detector 26, and transmit the main signal to the wavelength division multiplexing module 51;
the second optical splitter 54 is disposed on a receiving optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module 52 and the wavelength division multiplexing module 51, and has an input end connected to the output end of the wavelength division multiplexing module 51 through an optical fiber, a first output end connected to the detector 26 through an optical fiber, and a second output end connected to the input end of the optical transceiver module 52 through an optical fiber, and is configured to split the optical signal transmitted from the wavelength division multiplexing module 51 into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module 52 receives the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmit the sampling signal to the detector 26, and transmit the main signal to the optical transceiver module 52.
The wavelength division multiplexing module 51 includes a plurality of channel interfaces, each of which correspondingly receives and outputs an optical signal in a specific wavelength range, and includes an input end for receiving the optical signal and an output end for outputting the optical signal. The first optical splitter 53 corresponding to each optical transceiver module 52 is connected to the input end of one channel interface, and the second optical splitter 54 corresponding to each optical transceiver module is connected to the output end of one channel interface.
The first optical splitter 53 is disposed on the transmission optical channel between the optical transceiver module 52 and the wavelength division multiplexing module 51, samples the optical signal transmitted by the optical transceiver module 52, and provides the sampled signal to the detector 26, specifically, the transmission detector, in the line monitoring management device. Optionally, the first optical splitter 53 adopts an asymmetric optical splitting manner, and the splitting ratio includes, but is not limited to, 1:99 and 2:98, wherein the optical signal with a small ratio is a sampling signal and is sent to the emission detector, and the optical signal with a large ratio is a main signal and remains on the emission optical channel to be transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexing module 51. The wavelength division multiplexing module 51 multiplexes the optical signals with different wavelength ranges transmitted by different first optical splitters 53, and transmits the multiplexed optical signals to the remote device through the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber.
The second optical splitter 54 is disposed on the receiving optical channel between the optical transceiver module 52 and the wavelength division multiplexing module 51. The wavelength division multiplexing module 51 demultiplexes the optical signal transmitted from the remote device through the active fiber or the spare fiber to obtain optical signals in different wavelength ranges, and transmits the optical signals in different wavelength ranges to the second optical splitter 54, respectively. The second optical splitter 54 samples the optical signal with the specified wavelength range transmitted by the wavelength division multiplexing module 51, and provides the sampled signal to the detector 26, specifically, a receiving detector, in the line monitoring management device. Optionally, the second optical splitter 54 adopts an asymmetric optical splitting manner, and the splitting ratio includes, but is not limited to, 1:99 and 2:98, where a small proportion of optical signals are sampling signals and sent to the receiving detector, and a large proportion of optical signals are main signals and remain on the receiving optical channel to be transmitted to the optical transceiver module 52.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the WDM module 51 adopts a passive WDM technology, and may be a Dielectric Thin Film Filter (TFF) or an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) for communication. The optical transceiver module 52 includes, but is not limited to, a color light module and a tunable optical module.
It should be noted that the number of the first optical splitters 53, the second optical splitters 54 and the optical transceiver modules 52 included in fig. 5 is only one specific example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and a smaller or greater number of the first optical splitters 53 and the second optical splitters 54 may be included in other embodiments.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a wavelength division multiplexing system which is applied to a wireless forward transmission system. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the wavelength division multiplexing system includes:
the local side device 10 is connected to the remote side device 20 through the primary optical fiber 30;
the local side device 10 is connected to the remote side device 20 through the spare optical fiber 40.
The office device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is connected to and communicates with the remote device 20 through a primary optical fiber 30, and in addition to the primary optical fiber 30, a backup optical fiber 40 is further included between the office device 10 and the remote device 20, and the backup optical fiber 40 is used to replace the primary optical fiber 30 to implement connection and communication between the office device 10 and the remote device 20 when a line fails. For the structure and functions of the office device 10, please refer to the description of the above embodiments, which is not repeated herein.
The remote device 20 is used with the local device 10 described in any one of fig. 1 to 5. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote device of a wavelength division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the remote device 20 includes:
an optical splitter 71, a wavelength division multiplexing module 72, and a plurality of optical transceiver modules 73;
each optical transceiver module 73 is installed on a service port of the RRU/AAU device, and is configured to receive and transmit an optical signal within a specified wavelength range;
the wavelength division multiplexing module 72 is disposed between the optical splitter 71 and the optical transceiver modules 73, and is configured to multiplex optical signals transmitted by the optical transceiver modules 73 when transmitting optical signals, and transmit the multiplexed optical signals to the optical splitter 71, and is further configured to receive optical signals transmitted by the optical splitter 71 when receiving optical signals, demultiplex the optical signals to obtain optical signals in multiple wavelength ranges, and transmit the optical signals in the multiple wavelength ranges to the corresponding optical transceiver modules 73, respectively;
the first end of the optical splitter 71 is connected to the wavelength division multiplexing module 72, the second end is connected to the primary optical fiber, and the third end is connected to the spare optical fiber, and is configured to split the optical signal transmitted by the wavelength division multiplexing module 72 into two optical signals according to a preset splitting ratio when transmitting an optical signal, where one optical signal is transmitted to the primary optical fiber and the other optical signal is transmitted to the spare optical fiber; and is further configured to transmit the optical signal transmitted by the active optical fiber or the spare optical fiber to the optical multiplexing module 72 when receiving the optical signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength division multiplexing module 72 is the same as the wavelength division multiplexer 51 in the central office device 10, and also includes a plurality of channel interfaces, each of which correspondingly receives and outputs an optical signal in a specified wavelength range, and includes an input end for receiving the optical signal and an output end for outputting the optical signal. Each optical transceiver module 73 is connected to one channel interface, an output terminal of the optical transceiver module 73 is connected to an input terminal of the channel interface, and an input terminal of the optical transceiver module 73 is connected to an output terminal of the channel interface.
The optical splitter 71 is disposed between the wavelength division multiplexing module 72 and the primary/backup optical fibers. When transmitting optical signals, the remote device 20 transmits optical signals in different specified wavelength ranges through the optical transceiver module 73, the wavelength division multiplexing module 72 multiplexes the optical signals transmitted by the optical transceiver modules 73, and transmits the multiplexed optical signals to the optical splitter 71, and the optical splitter 71 equally divides the multiplexed optical signals into two parts, for example, a splitting ratio of 50:50, so that optical signals with the same power are simultaneously transmitted on the primary optical fiber and the spare optical fiber. When receiving the optical signal, the optical splitter 71 receives the optical signal transmitted by the local device 10 through the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber, demultiplexes the optical signal to obtain optical signals in different wavelength ranges, and transmits the optical signals in different wavelength ranges to the optical transceiver module 73.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the WDM module 72 adopts a passive WDM technology, and may be a Dielectric Thin Film Filter (TFF) or an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) for communication. The optical transceiver module 52 includes, but is not limited to, a color light module and a tunable optical module. The far-end device 20 is connected with the optical switch 103 in the local-end device 10 by arranging the optical splitter 71, so that the automatic switching protection function of the optical path is realized, the far-end device 20 is kept in a passive characteristic, power supply is not needed, and the far-end device is particularly suitable for field installation.
It should be noted that the number of the optical splitters 71, the wavelength division multiplexing modules 72, and the optical transceiver modules 73 included in fig. 7 is only one specific example of the present invention, and is not limited to the present invention, and a smaller or larger number of the optical splitters 71, the wavelength division multiplexing modules 72, and the optical transceiver modules 73 may be included in other embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The local side equipment of a wavelength division multiplexing system is characterized by comprising passive transmission equipment, line monitoring management equipment and an optical switch;
the passive transmission device is connected with the optical switch, the optical switch is connected with an external main optical fiber and an external backup optical fiber, the optical switch is used for connecting the passive transmission device with the main optical fiber or connecting the passive transmission device with the backup optical fiber, the passive transmission device is used for multiplexing the transmitted optical signal when transmitting the optical signal, then transmitting the multiplexed optical signal out through the main optical fiber or the backup optical fiber, and demultiplexing the optical signal transmitted by a remote device through the main optical fiber or the backup optical fiber when receiving the optical signal;
the line monitoring and management equipment is connected with the passive transmission equipment and is used for monitoring, managing, analyzing and positioning a transmitting optical path and a receiving optical path in the passive transmission equipment and sending monitoring information, a fault analysis result and a positioning result to an operation management platform;
the line monitoring and management equipment is also connected with the optical switch, the optical switch is also used for connecting the line monitoring and management equipment with the primary optical fiber, and the line monitoring and management equipment is also used for monitoring, managing, analyzing and positioning the primary optical fiber and sending monitoring information, a fault analysis and positioning result to the operation management platform;
the line monitoring management device includes: the system comprises a master control module, a power supply module, a branch monitoring module, a fault positioning module, a line protection module and at least one detector;
the power supply module, the branch monitoring module, the fault positioning module and the line protection module are respectively connected with the master control module;
the power supply module is used for supplying electric energy to the master control module;
the branch monitoring module is connected with each detector, each detector is connected with the passive transmission equipment, one detector is used for detecting an optical channel in the passive transmission equipment within a wavelength range, and when the fact that the power of an optical signal in the optical channel exceeds a preset threshold value range is detected, the detected optical signal and the power value thereof are sent to the branch monitoring module;
the branch monitoring module is used for receiving the optical signal and the power value thereof, acquiring the serial number of a detector for sending the optical signal and the power value thereof, generating first fault early warning information and sending the first fault early warning information to the master control module; the branch monitoring module is further used for generating second fault early warning information when receiving optical signals and power values thereof sent by all the detectors, and sending the second fault early warning information to the master control module;
the main control module is used for processing first fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module and then sending the first fault early warning information to the operation management platform when the first fault early warning information is received; when second fault early warning information sent by the branch monitoring module is received or a user instruction sent by an operation management platform is received, a line switching instruction is generated and sent to the line protection module, and then a line detection instruction is generated and sent to the fault positioning module;
the line protection module is connected with the control end of the optical switch and used for controlling the optical switch to switch on the passive transmission equipment and the standby optical fiber according to the line switching instruction and simultaneously switching on the fault positioning module and the primary optical fiber;
and the fault positioning module is connected with the optical switch and used for carrying out fault detection and searching positioning on the main line according to the line detection instruction and transmitting optical signals.
2. The office end device of a wavelength division multiplexing system of claim 1, wherein the optical switch is a 22-optical switch comprising a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, a fourth terminal, and a control terminal;
the first end of the optical fiber is connected with the passive transmission equipment, the second end of the optical fiber is connected with the fault positioning module, the third end of the optical fiber is connected with the primary optical fiber, the fourth end of the optical fiber is connected with the standby optical fiber, and the control end of the optical fiber is connected with the line protection module;
when the optical switch is in an initial state, the first end is connected with the third end, and the second end is connected with the fourth end; when the control end receives a control command of the line protection module, the first end is connected with the fourth end, and the second end is connected with the third end.
3. The office-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system of claim 2, wherein the fault location module comprises:
the system comprises a signal processor, a clock module, a laser, a detector and a directional coupler;
the clock module is respectively connected with the first end of the signal processor and the first end of the laser and used for generating a clock signal and sending the clock signal to the signal processor and the laser;
the second end of the signal processor is connected with the master control module, the third end of the signal processor is connected with the first end of the laser, and the fourth end of the signal processor is connected with the first end of the detector, and the signal processor is used for receiving a line detection instruction sent by the master control module and sending a signal emission instruction to the laser according to the line detection instruction;
the laser is connected with the directional coupler and is used for transmitting an optical signal to the directional coupler according to the signal transmission instruction;
the directional coupler is connected with the optical switch and is used for receiving the optical signal emitted by the laser and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber after the fault positioning module is connected with the primary circuit, carrying out directional isolation on the optical signal emitted by the laser and the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, transmitting the optical signal emitted by the laser to the primary optical fiber and transmitting the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber to the detector;
the detector is used for receiving and detecting the optical signal reflected by the primary optical fiber, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal and sending the electrical signal to the signal processor;
the signal processor is further configured to receive the electrical signal sent by the detector, process the electrical signal to obtain fault location information, and send the fault location information to the master control module.
4. The office-side device of a wavelength division multiplexing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the passive transmission device comprises:
the wavelength division multiplexing module comprises a plurality of optical transceiving modules and a first optical splitter and a second optical splitter corresponding to the optical transceiving modules;
each optical transceiver module is arranged on a service port of the BBU/DU equipment and used for receiving and transmitting optical signals in a specified wavelength range;
the wavelength division multiplexing module is further connected to the optical switch, and is configured to multiplex optical signals transmitted by the first optical splitters corresponding to the plurality of optical transceiver modules when transmitting optical signals, and transmit the multiplexed optical signals to a remote device through the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber, and is further configured to demultiplex optical signals transmitted by the primary optical fiber or the spare optical fiber when receiving optical signals, so as to obtain optical signals in a plurality of wavelength ranges, and transmit the optical signals in the plurality of wavelength ranges to the second optical splitter respectively;
the first optical splitter is arranged on a transmitting optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module and the wavelength division multiplexing module, the input end of the first optical splitter is connected with the output end of the optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, the first output end of the first optical splitter is connected with the detector through an optical fiber, the second output end of the first optical splitter is connected with the input end of the wavelength division multiplexing module through an optical fiber, and the first optical splitter is used for splitting an optical signal into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module transmits the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmitting the sampling signal to the detector and transmitting the main signal to the wavelength division multiplexing module;
the second optical splitter is arranged on a receiving optical channel between the corresponding optical transceiver module and the wavelength division multiplexing module, the input end of the second optical splitter is connected with the output end of the wavelength division multiplexing module through an optical fiber, the first output end of the second optical splitter is connected with the detector through an optical fiber, the second output end of the second optical splitter is connected with the input end of the optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, and the second optical splitter is used for splitting the optical signal transmitted by the wavelength division multiplexing module into a sampling signal and a main signal according to a preset splitting ratio when the optical transceiver module receives the optical signal in a specified wavelength range, transmitting the sampling signal to the detector, and transmitting the main signal to the optical transceiver module.
5. A wavelength division multiplexing system, comprising: the local-side device, the remote-side device, the spare optical fiber, the primary optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the local side equipment is connected with the far-end equipment through the main optical fiber;
and the local side equipment is connected with the far-end equipment through the spare optical fiber.
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