CN110808464B - Wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure and antenna housing and antenna window with same - Google Patents
Wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure and antenna housing and antenna window with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110808464B CN110808464B CN201810884014.2A CN201810884014A CN110808464B CN 110808464 B CN110808464 B CN 110808464B CN 201810884014 A CN201810884014 A CN 201810884014A CN 110808464 B CN110808464 B CN 110808464B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure, and an antenna housing and an antenna window with the same, and aims to provide a wave-transparent/stealth integrated structure which is few in layer number, light in weight, high in electromagnetic wave transmittance in a pass band and high in stealth performance outside the pass band. The metamaterial structure comprises a microstructure layer and at least one dielectric layer, wherein the microstructure layer is arranged on the dielectric layer and consists of regular polygonal rings and patch units, the regular polygonal rings are periodically arranged, the patch units are arranged in the regular polygonal rings, the regular polygonal rings are made of resistance materials with specific square resistance, the patch units are metal patch units, and the metal patch units and the regular polygonal rings share the same center.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure, and an antenna housing and an antenna window with the same, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of modern radar detection technology, the detection distance and the detection precision of a radar are continuously improved, the battlefield viability and the defense-breaking capability of weaponry are greatly weakened, and in order to cope with the change, the strong stealth design of the weaponry is more and more concerned. Metamaterial technology is widely applied in the stealth field due to unique functional advantages in the electromagnetic control aspect. The frequency selective surface metamaterial technology is applied most at the earliest and most widely, the frequency selective surface is a spatial electromagnetic wave filtering structure, electromagnetic resonance under specific frequency electromagnetic waves is formed through a metal unit structure which is periodically arranged, the frequency band electromagnetic waves can selectively penetrate or reflect, and therefore the scattering sectional area of the specific frequency band radar is reduced while the normal work of the own radar is guaranteed.
With the continuous improvement of requirements on equipment stealth and anti-interference performance, the reflection influence of the frequency selection surface of a metal structure cannot be ignored, and particularly for some stealth designs which are not low RCS appearance targets, the technology is difficult to meet requirements, and a novel wave-transmitting/stealth integrated structure with more excellent design performance is required. In the prior art, a composite metamaterial with wave transmission and stealth is realized by utilizing a metamaterial with a metal patch, a lumped resistor or a magnetic material loaded on a dielectric substrate, but most of materials are compounded by a multilayer structure, the number of layers is large, the thickness is thick, and the processing technology is complex and the weight is heavy. In the structure of part of metamaterials, metal patches and lumped resistors are arranged on two sides of a dielectric layer for reducing the number of layers and the weight, so that the protection and the structural confidentiality of materials are not facilitated, the realization of wave transmission and stealth functions is not good, and the incident directivity needs to be considered. Therefore, under the background, it is necessary to design a metamaterial structure that can reduce weight and simultaneously achieve excellent wave-transmitting and stealth performances.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
The invention aims to provide a wave-transmitting/stealth integrated metamaterial structure which has fewer layers, lighter weight, high electromagnetic wave transmittance in a passband and strong stealth performance outside the passband, and an antenna cover and an antenna window with the same.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, on one hand, the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure comprises a microstructure layer and at least one dielectric layer, wherein the microstructure layer is arranged on the dielectric layer and consists of regular polygonal rings and patch units arranged in the regular polygonal rings, the regular polygonal rings are made of resistance materials with specific square resistance, the patch units are metal patch units, and the metal patch units and the regular polygonal rings are concentric.
Furthermore, the patch unit is composed of a plurality of same combined patches arranged around the center of the regular polygonal ring at intervals, any combined patch is composed of an isosceles triangle patch and a semicircular patch, the vertex of the isosceles triangle is arranged at the center of the regular polygonal ring, and the semicircular patch is arranged at the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle patch and the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle patch is also the diameter of a semicircle.
Further, the regular polygonal ring is a regular hexagonal ring.
Further, the radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular hexagonal ring is p, the width of the regular hexagonal ring is w, and w satisfies the condition that w is 0.15p to 0.3 p.
Furthermore, the angle of the vertex of the isosceles triangle is alpha, and alpha satisfies the condition that alpha is 20-45 degrees.
Further, the base of the isosceles triangle becomes longer by d, the length d is 2atan (α/2), the height of the side is a, and a satisfies a range of 0.3p to 0.5 p.
Furthermore, the regular polygon ring is printed on the dielectric layer through a resistance paste by a screen printing process, and the patch is etched on the dielectric layer through a mask etching process.
Further, the sheet resistance of the resistive material is R ═ 1 Ω/-10 Ω/.
According to another aspect of the invention, the antenna housing is provided with the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure.
According to another aspect of the invention, an antenna window is further provided, and the antenna window has the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by applying the technical scheme, the metal patch unit and the periodic structure of the resistance material are arranged in the same layer, so that the total number of layers of the structure is reduced, the total thickness and weight of the structure are reduced, and the flexibility of design is improved; on the other hand, the metal patch unit and the resistor material periodic structure are arranged on one side of the dielectric layer, and the incident directivity is not required to be considered; in addition, the resistance material periodic structure and the metal patch unit which are positioned on the same layer combine the selective wave absorbing characteristic of the resistance material periodic structure and the selective wave transmitting characteristic of the metal patch unit, the high resonance characteristic of the metal periodic structure is utilized to ensure that the structure has high wave transmission rate in a pass band, and the resistance material structure which is periodically arranged is utilized to absorb and lose electromagnetic waves outside the pass band.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent/stealth integrated structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent/stealth integrated structural microstructure layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the transmission characteristics at 1GHz to 13GHz in accordance with exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the transmission characteristics at 1GHz to 13GHz in accordance with exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a microstructure layer and at least one dielectric layer, the microstructure layer is composed of regular polygonal rings and patch units arranged in the regular polygonal rings, the regular polygonal rings are made of a resistive material with a specific square resistance, the patch units are metal patch units, and the metal patch units and the regular polygonal rings are concentric.
According to the metamaterial structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the metal patch units and the periodic structure of the resistance material are arranged in the same layer, so that the total number of layers of the structure is reduced, the total thickness and weight of the structure are reduced, and the flexibility of design is increased; on the other hand, the metal patch unit and the resistor material periodic structure are arranged on one side of the dielectric layer, and the incident directivity is not required to be considered; moreover, the resistance material and the metal patch are arranged in the same microstructure layer, the resistance material is in a regular polygon ring structure which is periodically arranged, selective wave permeability is achieved, electromagnetic waves outside a passband can be absorbed and lost, the metal patch is arranged in the regular polygon ring which is periodically arranged and is concentric with the regular polygon ring, a metal structure frequency selective surface is formed, the metal patch has a strong resonance characteristic, and the structure can be guaranteed to have high wave permeability in the passband.
In the invention, the dielectric layer can be a layer, and the microstructure layer is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer; or, the medium layer can be two layers, and the microstructure layer is arranged between the two medium layers and arranged on any one of the two medium layers.
As shown in fig. 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, two dielectric layers are provided, a micro-structural layer is disposed between the two dielectric layers, the micro-structural layer is further disposed on any one of the two dielectric layers, and the micro-structural layer is composed of regular polygonal rings and patch units disposed in the regular polygonal rings, wherein the regular polygonal rings are made of a resistance material with a specific square resistance, the patch units are metal patch units, and the metal patch units and the regular polygonal rings are concentric.
Through the design, the dielectric layers are arranged into the two dielectric layers, and the microstructure layer is arranged between the two dielectric layers, so that the microstructure layer can be prevented from being corroded or damaged, and the confidentiality of the structure is enhanced.
As an example, the two dielectric layers can be a uniform single material or a composite material.
In the invention, in order to realize better wave permeability of the patch unit, the patch unit is composed of a plurality of same combined patches arranged at intervals around the center of the regular polygonal ring, any combined patch is composed of an isosceles triangle patch and a semicircular patch, the vertex of the isosceles triangle is arranged at the center of the regular polygonal ring, and the semicircular patch is arranged at the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle patch and the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle patch is also the diameter of a semicircle.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the patch unit is composed of six identical combined patches arranged around the center of a regular polygonal ring, with adjacent patches each spaced at 60 °. The arbitrary combination paster comprises isosceles triangle paster and semicircle paster, and the summit of isosceles triangle all sets up the center at regular polygon shape ring, and the semicircle paster sets up the base of isosceles triangle paster and the base still is the diameter of semicircle.
In the embodiment, different from the traditional metallized frequency selection surface, the microstructure units are not completely made of metal materials, but only the middle 6 symmetrical patch parts are made of metal materials, the outer regular polygonal ring is made of a conductive material with specific sheet resistance and is arranged on a dielectric layer containing metal microstructures, and the specially designed combined microstructure units which are periodically arranged have a certain modulation effect on electromagnetic waves, and meanwhile, by combining with the self resistance characteristic, the electromagnetic waves in a specific working frequency band can be selectively absorbed, the electromagnetic waves reflected by a stop band frequency band are effectively reduced, and the pass band and the stop band characteristic can be adjusted by adjusting parameters.
Preferably, the regular polygonal ring is a regular hexagonal ring.
In order to better realize the characteristics of the metamaterial structure of wave-transmitting in the passband and low reflection in the out-of-band, the microstructure layer also has the following specific parameter proportion relation:
the radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular hexagon ring is p, the width of the regular hexagon ring is w, and w satisfies that w is 0.15 p-0.3 p.
The angle of the top angle of the isosceles triangle is alpha, alpha is 20-45 deg., the base of the triangle is lengthened to have the length d of 2atan (alpha/2), the height of the side is a, and a is 0.3-0.5 p.
As an example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the dielectric layer on the upper side of the microstructure layer has a thickness b, b is 0.4p to 0.75p, and the dielectric layer on the lower side of the microstructure layer has a thickness c, c is 0.4p to 0.75 p.
As an embodiment of the invention, in order to realize that the patch unit and the resistance material are positioned on the same layer, the regular polygon ring is printed on the dielectric layer by a screen printing process through resistance paste with the square resistance of R, and the patch unit is etched on the dielectric layer on the same layer with the resistance material through a mask etching process.
Preferably, the sheet resistance of the resistive material is 1 Ω/-10 Ω/.
Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific values of the various parameters described above, such as a, θ, f, b, etc., can be adjusted within a range of values according to simulations to achieve optimal results.
Further, the antenna housing is provided according to the embodiment of the invention, and the antenna housing is provided with the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure.
Further, according to the embodiment of the invention, the antenna cover is further provided, and the antenna window has the wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure.
The effects achieved with the metamaterial structures of the present invention are illustrated below:
example 1
When p is 8mm, the remaining parameters of the structure are a 0.38p 3mm, b 0.75p 6mm, c 0.5p 4mm, α 30 °, d 2atan (α/2) 1.6mm, w 0.19p 1.5mm, the material sheet resistance R5 Ω/□,
fig. 3 shows a wave-transmitting characteristic test result of the wave-transmitting/stealth integrated metamaterial structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen through a wave-transmitting rate curve that a pass band with a wave-transmitting rate of 60% or more of the structure is 7 to 8.3GHz, a bandwidth is 1.3GHz, a wave-transmitting rate of L and S bands is 15% or less, and an incident angle range of 0 to 30 ° has a stable wave-transmitting/stealth effect.
Example 2
When p is 7mm, the remaining parameters of the structure are a 0.39p 2.7mm, b 0.43p 3mm, c 0.43p 3mm, α 30 °, d 2atan (α/2) 1.45mm, w 0.29p 2mm, and the material sheet resistance R1 Ω/□.
Fig. 4 shows a wave-transmitting characteristic test result of the wave-transmitting/stealth integrated metamaterial structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen through a wave-transmitting rate curve that a pass band with a wave-transmitting rate of 60% or more of the structure is 7.5 to 9.5GHz, a bandwidth is 2GHz, a wave-transmitting rate of L and S bands is 10% or less, and an incident angle range of 0 to 30 ° has a stable wave-transmitting/stealth effect.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure comprises a microstructure layer and at least one dielectric layer, wherein the microstructure layer is arranged on the dielectric layer and is characterized in that the microstructure layer is composed of regular polygon rings and patch units arranged in the regular polygon rings, the regular polygon rings are made of resistance materials with specific square resistance, the patch units are metal patch units, and the metal patch units and the regular polygon rings are concentric; the patch unit is composed of a plurality of same combined patches which are arranged around the center of the regular polygon ring at equal intervals, any combined patch is composed of an isosceles triangle patch and a semicircular patch, and the vertex of the isosceles triangle patch is arranged at the center of the regular polygon ring; the semicircle paster is arranged on the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle paster, and the bottom edge is the diameter of the semicircle.
2. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 1, wherein the regular polygonal rings are regular hexagonal rings.
3. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 2, wherein a radius of a circle circumscribed by the regular hexagonal ring is p, a width of the regular hexagonal ring is w, and w satisfies w-0.15 p-0.3 p.
4. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 3, wherein the isosceles triangle patch has an apex angle α, and α satisfies 20 ° to 45 °.
5. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 3, wherein the isosceles triangle patch has a base length d, and d is 2atan (α/2); the height of the isosceles triangle patch is a, and a is 0.3-0.5 p.
6. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 1, wherein the regular polygonal rings are printed on the dielectric layer by a screen printing process through a resistive paste; and the surface mounting unit is etched on the dielectric layer through a mask etching process.
7. The wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure of claim 1, wherein the sheet resistance of the resistive material is R, and R satisfies R-1 Ω/□ -10 Ω/□.
8. An antenna housing, characterized in that: the antenna housing is provided with a wave-transparent/stealthy integrated metamaterial structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An antenna window, comprising: the antenna window has a wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN201810884014.2A CN110808464B (en) | 2018-08-06 | 2018-08-06 | Wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure and antenna housing and antenna window with same |
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| CN201810884014.2A CN110808464B (en) | 2018-08-06 | 2018-08-06 | Wave-transparent/stealth integrated metamaterial structure and antenna housing and antenna window with same |
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| CN112350066B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-05-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Filtering structure and radar antenna housing |
| CN112968283B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2023-03-24 | 北方长龙新材料技术股份有限公司 | Radome with wave-transmitting, stealth and bulletproof functions and forming process thereof |
| CN113782963B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2024-04-02 | 湖北宽谱航空科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave radome with electromagnetic shielding function and manufacturing method thereof |
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