CN110807597B - Automatic scheduling method and system for nonstandard manufacturing process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic scheduling method and system for nonstandard manufacturing processes. The scheduling method comprises the following steps: generating a task list; selecting a scheduling strategy; starting processing of an nth part; n is 1 as initial value; the m-th process is started; the initial value of m is 1; inquiring a station capable of carrying out an mth procedure; if the rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting strategy, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from stations capable of performing the mth working procedure, and performing the mth working procedure on the selected station; if the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting a station with earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station; determining the ending time of the mth process according to the working hours of the mth process; and (5) circulating the process until all parts are machined. The invention adopts more finely divided working procedure time to arrange the production plan, is more close to the real production time, and ensures that the production plan is more reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nonstandard part manufacturing, in particular to an automatic scheduling method and system for nonstandard manufacturing processes.
Background
In the prior art, the production plan of nonstandard parts is generally task arrangement through the number of the parts and the unit processing time of the parts. However, in the process of scheduling the production plan of nonstandard manufacture, not only the order sequence, the types and the number of the parts are considered, but also the task subdivision, the sorting, the calculation time and the redistribution of the resources are performed for each part on the basis of combining the existing station resources and the working time on the station according to the processing technology and the processing time of each part, and the production plan is reasonably arranged. Therefore, the existing production scheduling process of nonstandard manufacture cannot meet the actual production requirement, the scheduled production plan has low efficiency, the station utilization rate is low, and the improvement of the production efficiency and the full utilization of production equipment are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an automatic scheduling method and system for nonstandard manufacturing processes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic scheduling method for non-standard manufacturing processes, comprising:
s1, generating a task list; the task list comprises a processing sequence of a plurality of parts and a processing procedure of each part;
s2, selecting a scheduling strategy; rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy;
s3, starting processing of an nth part; n=1, 2,3, … …, N; n is 1 as initial value;
s4, starting an mth process; m=1, 2,3, … …, M; the initial value of m is 1;
s5, inquiring a station capable of carrying out an mth procedure;
s6, if the row Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting strategy, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected stations; if the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting a station with earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station;
s7, determining the ending time of the mth working procedure according to the working hours of the mth working procedure;
s8, judging whether the processing procedure of the nth part is finished; if completed, step S9 is entered, if not completed, step S4 is entered, and m=m+1;
s9, judging whether all parts are machined; if so, ending the scheduling; if not, step S3 is entered, and n=n+1.
The further technical scheme is that before the step S1, a task scheduling step is carried out; in the task scheduling step, the parts in all orders are ordered according to the weights, and the processing sequence of the parts is determined.
Further technical proposal is that the weight comprises part delivery time and part processing priority.
Further, the man-hour of the mth step is determined by the processing time of the nth component and the man-hour duty ratio of the mth step.
Further, the end time of the mth step is set as the start time of the (m+1) th step.
Further, after the end of the schedule, the actual start time of each process is calculated from the working time calendar and the planned start time of the process.
According to the further technical scheme, the utilization rate of the station is calculated according to the utilization time of the station and the working time of the station.
An automatic scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes, comprising:
the task list generation module is used for generating a task list; the task list comprises a processing sequence of a plurality of parts and a processing procedure of each part;
rank Cheng Celve selects modules; rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy;
the part processing control module is used for monitoring the processing progress of a plurality of parts;
the working procedure processing control module is used for monitoring the progress of a plurality of working procedures of each part;
the station inquiry selection module inquires stations capable of carrying out processing procedures and selects the stations through the output result of the scheduling strategy selection module; if the row Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting strategy, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from all stations capable of processing the mth working procedure, and performing the mth working procedure on the selected stations; if the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting the station with the earliest planned starting working time from all stations capable of processing the mth working procedure, and performing the mth working procedure on the selected stations.
The processing method comprises the further technical scheme that the processing method further comprises a task scheduling module, wherein the task scheduling module is used for sequencing the parts in all orders according to the weight and determining the processing sequence of the parts.
The station utilization rate calculation system comprises a station utilization condition calculation module, a station utilization rate calculation module and a station utilization rate calculation module, wherein the station utilization condition calculation module is used for calculating the utilization rate of the station according to the service time of the station and the working time of the station.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the method for carrying out task arrangement according to the number of parts and the unit processing time of the parts in the prior art, the method adopts more finely divided working procedure time for arrangement, and the working procedure time can be adjusted in real time by data in the production process, so that the method is closer to the real production time and the production plan is more reasonable. In addition, in the process of production planning, the utilization rate of equipment is counted, so that the utilization condition of the whole factory productivity is visualized.
The invention realizes the automatic arrangement of nonstandard production plans, the visualization of the utilization rate condition of equipment and the mastering of the idle condition of productivity, and plays the roles of guiding and managing the production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of example 2.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the step of preparing the planning parameter in embodiment 6.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of example 6.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 7.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 8.
Detailed Description
In a particular production, multiple orders may be obtained. Each order includes a variety of parts to be machined. Each part relates to a plurality of process flows, and the plurality of process flows form a plurality of working procedures with time sequence relation in the processing according to the specific situation of each part. Each process may be performed at a plurality of stations. Based on such a situation, the following description will explain the specific embodiments of the present invention by using a plurality of examples.
Example 1.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of example 1. As shown in fig. 1, embodiment 1 is an automatic scheduling method for a nonstandard manufacturing process, specifically including:
s101, generating a task list. The task list includes a machining sequence of a plurality of parts and a machining process of each part.
S102, selecting a scheduling strategy. The scheduling policy of embodiment 1 is the earliest starting policy. Each station has idle time after finishing processing a part, and the station with idle time can plan new starting working time. The earliest starting strategy is to select stations capable of carrying out the working procedure for each working procedure, forward sort the stations capable of being selected according to the time of idle occurrence, and select the station with earliest planned starting working time.
S103, starting machining of the nth part. n=1, 2,3, … …, N. The initial value of n is 1.
S104, starting the mth process. m=1, 2,3, … …, M. The initial value of m is 1.
S105, inquiring a station capable of carrying out an mth procedure.
S106, selecting a station with the earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station.
S107, determining the finishing time of the mth process according to the working hours of the mth process. The man-hour of the m-th step may be determined by the processing time of the n-th component and the man-hour ratio of the m-th step. The processing time of the nth part and the man-hour ratio of the mth procedure can be stored in the system in advance, and the data stored in the system can be modified and corrected in real time according to the actual processing time of the nth part and the actual man-hour ratio of the mth procedure.
S108, judging whether the processing procedure of the nth part is finished. If it is completed, the process proceeds to step S109, and if it is not completed, the process proceeds to step S104, where m=m+1.
S109, judging whether all parts are machined. If so, the schedule is ended. If not, step S103 is entered, and n=n+1.
Example 2.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of example 2. As shown in fig. 2, the automatic scheduling method for the nonstandard manufacturing process in embodiment 2 specifically includes:
s201, generating a task list. The task list includes a machining sequence of a plurality of parts and a machining process of each part.
S202, selecting a scheduling strategy. The scheduling policy in embodiment 2 is the latest start policy. The delivery date for each order is different. The latest start strategy is to sort the parts in the order in reverse according to their delivery date, i.e. the delivery date of the parts in the order, with the latest delivery time being the first in the task list, but later in the selection of the station. When selecting a processing station capable of carrying out the process for each process, reversely sequencing the selectable stations according to the earliest idle time, and firstly selecting the station with the latest planned starting working time.
S203, starting machining of the nth part. n=1, 2,3, … …, N. The initial value of n is 1.
S204, starting the mth process. m=1, 2,3, … …, M. The initial value of m is 1.
S205, inquiring a station capable of carrying out an mth procedure.
S206, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station.
S207, determining the finishing time of the mth process according to the working hours of the mth process. The man-hour of the m-th step may be determined by the processing time of the n-th component and the man-hour ratio of the m-th step. The processing time of the nth part and the man-hour ratio of the mth procedure can be stored in the system in advance, and the data stored in the system can be modified and corrected in real time according to the actual processing time of the nth part and the actual man-hour ratio of the mth procedure.
S208, judging whether the processing procedure of the nth part is finished. If it is completed, the process proceeds to step S109, and if it is not completed, the process proceeds to step S204, where m=m+1.
S209, judging whether all parts are processed. If so, the schedule is ended. If not, step S203 is entered, and n=n+1.
Example 3.
Steps S301 to S309 in embodiment 3 are the same as steps S101 to S109 in embodiment 1, and further include step S300 before step 301.
S300, task scheduling. In the task scheduling step, all the parts in all the orders are ordered according to the weights, and the processing sequence of the parts is determined. The weights may include part lead times and tooling priorities. But may also be other factors that need to be considered in production.
Example 4.
Steps S401 to S409 in embodiment 4 are the same as steps S101 to S109 in embodiment 1, and further, step S410 is further included after step S409.
S410, calculating the actual starting time of each procedure. After the end of the schedule, the actual start time of each process is calculated from the work time calendar and the planned start time of the process.
In the scheduling process, the planned starting time of the process includes date information and hour and minute information. For the date information, the scheduled starting time may be on a rest day, and then the date information needs to be corrected according to the working time calendar, so that the actual starting time of the working procedure is arranged on the working day on which working can be started.
Example 5.
Steps S501 to S509 in embodiment 5 are the same as steps S101 to S109 in embodiment 1, and further, step S510 is further included after step S509.
S510, calculating the utilization rate of the station according to the utilization time of the station and the working time of the station. The service time of the station is the sum of working hours of all working procedures performed in the working time of the station, and the working time of the station is preset by the system. Usage of a workstation = usage time of a workstation/working time of a workstation.
If the utilization rate of the station is found to be too low, the reasons can be searched and solved in a targeted manner, so that the utilization rate of the station is maximized, the idle time of the station is reduced, and energy is saved.
Example 6.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the step of preparing the planning parameter in embodiment 6. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of example 6. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, embodiment 6 includes the following steps:
s601, preparing planning parameters. The preparation of the planning parameters specifically comprises:
s6011, manufacturing a technological process; a process flow for forming each part. The process flow is the processing procedure of the parts after sequencing.
S6012, accumulating and calculating process time; and counting the time required by each process flow in actual production, namely working hours of each procedure in real time.
S6013, setting the number of processing stations and working time; and according to the conditions of specific processing equipment of the factory, the number of processing stations corresponding to each process flow and the working time of each station are obtained.
S6014, acquiring orders and order details; and taking all order information and order details in the system. The order details include part information.
And S6015, generating a task list. The task list includes a plurality of parts and a machining process for each part.
S6016. task scheduling, i.e. ordering the task list. In the task scheduling step, all the parts in all the orders are ordered according to the weights, and the processing sequence of the parts is determined. The weights may include part lead times and tooling priorities. But may also be other factors that need to be considered in production. After step S6016, the task list includes the processing order of the plurality of parts and the processing process of each part.
S602, selecting a scheduling strategy. The scheduling policy of embodiment 6 is the earliest starting policy.
S603, starting machining of the nth part. n=1, 2,3, … …, N. The initial value of n is 1.
S604, starting the processing of the mth working procedure. m=1, 2,3, … …, M. The initial value of m is 1.
S605, inquiring a station capable of performing the mth procedure.
S606, selecting a station with the earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of processing the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station.
S607, determining the finishing time of the mth working procedure according to the working time of the mth working procedure. The man-hour of the m-th step may be determined by the processing time of the n-th component and the man-hour ratio of the m-th step. The processing time of the nth part and the man-hour ratio of the mth procedure can be stored in the system in advance, and the data stored in the system can be modified and corrected in real time according to the actual processing time of the nth part and the actual man-hour ratio of the mth procedure.
S608, judging whether the processing procedure of the nth part is finished. If it is completed, the process proceeds to step S609, and if it is not completed, the process proceeds to step S604, and m=m+1.
S609, judging whether all parts are machined. If so, the scheduling is ended and the process advances to step S610. If not, step S603 is entered, and n=n+1.
S610, calculating the actual starting time of each procedure. After the end of the schedule, the actual start time of each process is calculated from the work time calendar and the planned start time of the process.
S611, calculating the utilization rate of the station according to the utilization time of the station and the working time of the station. The service time of the station is the sum of working hours of all working procedures performed in the working time of the station, and the working time of the station is preset by the system. Usage of a workstation = usage time of a workstation/working time of a workstation.
If the utilization rate of the station is found to be too low, the reasons can be searched and solved in a targeted manner, so that the utilization rate of the station is maximized, the idle time of the station is reduced, and energy is saved.
S612, outputting a production plan and station use conditions.
Among the parameters involved in the overall scheduling method, the scheduling process and processing time parameters are determined by the system acquisition data, and thus there is no adjustment possibility. The on-time completion of production tasks can be ensured by increasing the equipment or prolonging the working time of the equipment according to actual conditions. The results may also be scheduled to determine whether the order can be completed on schedule, whether the order can be accepted, or whether the order or outsourcing needs to be canceled to ensure on-time completion of the production task.
Example 7.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 7. As shown in fig. 5, embodiment 7 is an automatic scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes, comprising:
task list generation module: for generating and ordering the task list. The task list includes a machining sequence of a plurality of parts and a machining process of each part.
The bank Cheng Celve selects modules. For selecting a scheduling policy. The rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy. The rank Cheng Celve selection module can automatically select the scheduling strategy according to the weight information, or manually select the scheduling strategy.
And the part processing control module is used for receiving output data of the task list generation module and the scheduling policy selection module and monitoring the processing progress of the plurality of parts.
And each part processing control module comprises a process progress control module for monitoring the progress of a plurality of processing processes of the part.
The station inquiry selection module searches stations capable of performing working procedures according to the data of the task list generation module, selects working procedure stations through the output result of the scheduling strategy selection module, and inputs the working procedure station selection result to the working procedure process control module. If the rank Cheng Ce is a slightly latest start strategy, among the stations where the mth process can be performed, a station whose planned start time is the latest is selected, and the mth process is performed on the selected station. If the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting a station with the earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station.
Example 8.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 8. As shown in fig. 6, embodiment 8 is an automatic scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes, comprising:
an input module: the method is used for inputting the manufactured technological process, the accumulation and calculation of working hours of working procedures, the number of processing stations, the working time of the stations, orders and order details.
And the task scheduling module is also used for inputting weight information of the parts in the input module. The task scheduling module sorts the parts in all orders according to the weight information in the input module, and determines the processing sequence of the parts.
Task list generation module: and reading the data of the input module and the task scheduling module, generating a task list, and sequencing the task list. The task list includes a machining sequence of a plurality of parts and a machining process of each part.
The bank Cheng Celve selects modules. And according to the external data input by the input module, selecting a scheduling strategy. The rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy. The rank Cheng Celve selection module can automatically select the scheduling strategy according to the weight information, or manually select the scheduling strategy.
And the part processing control module is used for receiving output data of the task list generation module and the scheduling policy selection module and monitoring the processing progress of the plurality of parts.
And each part processing control module comprises a process progress control module for monitoring the progress of a plurality of processing processes of the part.
The station inquiry selection module searches stations capable of performing working procedures according to the data of the input module and the task list generation module, selects working procedure stations through the output result of the scheduling strategy selection module, and inputs the working procedure station selection result to the working procedure process control module. If the rank Cheng Ce is a slightly latest start strategy, among the stations where the mth process can be performed, a station whose planned start time is the latest is selected, and the mth process is performed on the selected station. If the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting a station with the earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station.
The service condition calculation module is used for calculating the service rate of the stations according to the service time of the stations in the process control module and the working time of the stations in the input module.
And the actual starting time calculation module is used for adjusting the actual starting time of the working procedure according to the working time calendar input in the input module.
And the output module is used for outputting the production plan and the station use condition.
The above description is illustrative of the invention and not limiting, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner without departing from the basic structure of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic scheduling method for non-standard manufacturing processes, comprising:
performing task scheduling; in the task scheduling step, sorting the parts in all orders according to the weights, and determining the processing sequence of a plurality of parts;
the weights include part lead time and part tooling priority;
s1, generating a task list; the task list comprises a processing sequence of a plurality of parts and a processing procedure of each part;
s2, selecting a scheduling strategy; rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy;
after the station finishes processing the previous part, idle time exists, and the station with idle time plans new starting working time; the earliest starting strategy is to select stations capable of carrying out the working procedure for each working procedure, forward sort the stations capable of being selected according to the idle time, and select the station with earliest planned starting working time;
the delivery date of each order is different; the latest starting strategy is to reversely sort the parts according to the delivery date of the parts in the order, the parts with the latest delivery time are first in the task list, and the parts need to be arranged later when the stations are selected; when selecting a processing station capable of carrying out the process for each process, reversely sequencing the selectable stations according to the earliest idle time, and firstly selecting the station with the latest planned starting working time;
s3, starting processing of an nth part; n=1, 2,3, … …, N; n is 1 as initial value;
s4, starting an mth process; m=1, 2,3, … …, M; the initial value of m is 1;
s5, inquiring a station capable of carrying out an mth procedure;
s6, if the scheduling strategy is the latest starting strategy, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station; if the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting a station with earliest planned starting working time from stations capable of carrying out the mth working procedure, and carrying out the mth working procedure on the selected station;
s7, determining the ending time of the mth process according to the working hours of the mth process;
s8, judging whether the processing procedure of the nth part is finished; if completed, step S9 is entered, if not completed, step S4 is entered, and m=m+1;
s9, judging whether all parts are machined; if so, ending the scheduling; if not, go to step S3, and n=n+1;
after the scheduling is finished, calculating the actual starting time of each process according to the working time calendar and the planned starting time of the process;
in the scheduling process, the scheduled starting time of the procedure comprises date information and hour and minute information; aiming at the date information, when the scheduled starting time is in a rest day, correcting the date information according to a working time calendar, and arranging the actual starting time of a working procedure on the working day capable of starting;
calculating the utilization rate of the station according to the utilization time of the station and the working time of the station;
the service time of the station is the sum of working hours of all working procedures performed in the working time of the station, and the working time of the station is preset by a system; usage of a workstation = usage time of a workstation/working time of a workstation.
2. The automatic scheduling method for non-standard manufacturing processes according to claim 1, wherein the man-hour of the mth process is determined by the processing time of the nth part and the man-hour duty ratio of the mth process.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the end time of the mth process is used as the start time of the (m+1) th process.
4. An automatic scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes, applying the automatic scheduling method for non-standard manufacturing processes according to claim 1, comprising:
the task list generation module is used for generating a task list; the task list comprises a processing sequence of a plurality of parts and a processing procedure of each part;
rank Cheng Celve selects modules; rank Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting policy or the earliest starting policy;
the part processing control module is used for monitoring the processing progress of a plurality of parts;
the working procedure processing control module is used for monitoring the progress of a plurality of working procedures of each part;
the station inquiry selection module inquires stations capable of carrying out processing procedures and selects the stations through the output result of the scheduling strategy selection module; if the row Cheng Ce is slightly the latest starting strategy, selecting a station with the latest planned starting working time from all stations capable of processing the mth working procedure, and performing the mth working procedure on the selected stations; if the scheduling strategy is the earliest starting strategy, selecting the station with the earliest planned starting working time from all stations capable of processing the mth working procedure, and performing the mth working procedure on the selected stations.
5. The automated scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes of claim 4, further comprising a task scheduling module for ordering parts in all orders according to weights, determining a processing order for the plurality of parts.
6. The automated scheduling system for non-standard manufacturing processes of claim 4, further comprising a station usage calculation module for calculating a usage rate of the station based on a usage time of the station and a working time of the station.
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