CN110803907A - Manufacturing method and application of aerogel composite building material - Google Patents
Manufacturing method and application of aerogel composite building material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110803907A CN110803907A CN201911173663.2A CN201911173663A CN110803907A CN 110803907 A CN110803907 A CN 110803907A CN 201911173663 A CN201911173663 A CN 201911173663A CN 110803907 A CN110803907 A CN 110803907A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 retarder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method and application of an aerogel composite novel building material, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the following raw materials: aerogel composite powder, main materials, auxiliary materials and additives; (2) putting the main material into a crusher, crushing and sieving the main material, and adding the main material into a mixer; (3) uniformly stirring the aerogel composite powder, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer; (4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product; (5) and (4) naturally drying the intermediate product or curing/aging the intermediate product for 0.5 to 72 hours under the normal pressure/high pressure condition to finish the manufacture. The manufacturing method of the invention has simple steps, and can save energy and reduce loss; the invention adopts industrial waste materials, thereby being sintering-free and energy-saving. Good hydrophobicity, no deformation, no cracking, no hollowing, no shedding, good compression resistance, good sound insulation performance and long service life. The fire resistance reaches A1 grade, and the compressive strength is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerogel composite building material manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method and application of an aerogel composite building material.
Background
Energy consumption is always a big problem in the current human development society. It is well known that the building sector contributes mainly to the energy consumption and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions. One of the key elements in meeting carbon reduction commitments is to reduce energy consumption of buildings. The energy-saving contribution rate in the aspect of building energy conservation can reach 40-65%. Proper design and selection of building envelopes and their components is an important means of reducing heating and air conditioning loads. In terms of proportion, the energy consumption of a building accounts for about 3-4% of the total energy consumption. Generally, wall insulation is considered to be an important factor affecting building energy conservation. The selection of high-efficiency energy-saving wall heat-insulating materials is an important way for realizing energy-saving insulation of buildings.
The traditional materials used at present at home and abroad have a plurality of problems:
(1) the traditional wall material has high heat conductivity coefficient and poor heat insulation effect, thick inner and outer wall heat insulation refractory materials must be added, the traditional material has heavy weight, low fire resistance level and low strength, the construction and environment protection effects are influenced, the investment is increased due to the increase of the load of the whole building, the energy-saving effect is poor, and the traditional wall material is not suitable for assembly type buildings
(2) The production process has long flow, high cost, large material consumption, large resource consumption and land waste.
(3) The collapse of the powder skeleton causes the reduction of the heat conductivity coefficient and the reduction of the heat preservation effect.
(4) Low compression strength, less addition amount and unsatisfactory heat preservation effect.
(5) The traditional wall material has the advantages of poor hydrophobicity, easiness in cracking and breaking, large self weight, small block, low construction efficiency, high energy consumption and poor anti-seismic performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing an aerogel composite building material, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method of making an aerogel composite building material, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-500 parts of aerogel composite powder, 10-1000 parts of main material, 0-900 parts of auxiliary material and 0-500 parts of additive;
(2) putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) naturally drying the intermediate product or curing/aging at-15-300 deg.C under normal pressure/high pressure for 0.5-72h to obtain the final product.
Preferably, the aerogel composite powder is formed by compounding one or more of silica aerogel powder, diatomite, fumed silica, kaolin, volcanic, bentonite, expanded perlite, a nano-pore metal organic compound, a foamed polymer resin, a foamed phenolic resin, activated carbon and a molecular sieve.
Preferably, the main material is formed by mixing one or more than one of coal gangue, shale slag, lime slag, carbide slag, desulfurization precipitation slag, sewage filter residue, fly ash, polycrystalline silicon sludge waste residue, waste silicon powder, furnace slag, ceramic waste and construction waste.
Preferably, the additive is prepared by mixing one or more of aluminum powder, a binder, light-burned magnesium powder, polystyrene particles, polyurethane, foamed concrete, aerated concrete, foamed glass, silica sol, a water repellent, a retarder, a dispersing agent, a flame retardant, a film-forming assistant, aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials are one or more of water, cement, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, mineral fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, straw, wheat straw, wood chips, waste paper, bagasse, sand, stone powder, pumice, volcanic rock, zeolite, vitrified micro bubbles, vermiculite particles, silicate and steel wire.
Preferably, said step (5) is followed by a step (6): and conveying the prepared product by using a belt or a chain type assembly line, and automatically packaging and warehousing.
Preferably, the mixer uses a helical mixer, a dry mixer, a stirring tank, a fluidized bed, a mixing tank, a stirring kettle or a kneader.
Preferably, the tooling treatment comprises the step of carrying out compression molding through a mold or a template and a pressing machine, or the step of customizing tooling equipment for shaping to obtain an intermediate product, wherein the plate is formed by adopting shearing tooling equipment, and the slurry thermal insulation wall material is continuously stirred by adopting a tool tank with stirring. The invention also provides application of the aerogel composite building material, which can be used as a heat and sound insulation material and applied to house building or building material filling.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the preparation method of the silicon dioxide aerogel composite building material can be completed only by simple steps, and the preparation method can save energy and reduce loss;
(2) the raw materials of the invention adopt waste materials such as industrial waste materials, fly ash and the like as main materials, thereby reducing the cost and saving the land, and the produced building material has the advantages of self heat preservation, low heat conductivity coefficient, low volume weight, large strength and high fire resistance by doping the aerogel material, thereby reducing the weight of the building material, improving the processing volume of a single block, improving the construction efficiency and shortening the production flow.
(3) The invention has wide application range, and can be used for preparing various building materials, mainly comprising novel wall materials, heat insulation materials, waterproof sealing materials, ceramic materials, novel chemical building materials, decorative and finishing materials and slurry building heat insulation materials. Such as wall blocks (load-bearing and non-load-bearing), foamed bricks, hollow bricks, composite fiber boards, heat-insulating mats, heat-insulating boards, fiber-reinforced bricks, cement-based slurry heat-insulating building filling materials, cement-free wall decorative boards, cement wood chip boards, gypsum hollow ribbon boards, gypsum fiber boards, straw (wheat straw) boards, bagasse boards, light sandwich boards and the like.
(4) And (3) customizing, namely processing the wall materials into structures with different sizes by using a grinding tool or a customizing tool, so that the prefabricated building wall material is suitable for prefabricated buildings, is quick to construct, improves the construction efficiency and reduces the investment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The silica aerogel composite building material is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of aerogel composite powder and 100 parts of main material;
the aerogel composite powder is 1 part of silicon dioxide aerogel powder.
The main materials are formed by mixing coal gangue, shale slag, lime slag, carbide slag, desulfurization precipitation slag, sewage filter residue, fly ash, polycrystalline silicon sludge waste residue, waste silicon powder, furnace slag, ceramic waste and construction waste with equal mass.
(2) Putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a blender, and fully mixing various raw materials;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) and naturally drying the intermediate product for 72 hours to finish the preparation.
Various parameters of the silica aerogel composite building material produced in this example are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The silica aerogel composite building material is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of aerogel composite powder, 1000 parts of main material, 900 parts of auxiliary material and 500 parts of additive;
the aerogel composite powder is prepared by mixing 300 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel powder, 100 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of fumed silica, 20 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of volcanic rock, 20 parts of bentonite and 20 parts of expanded perlite.
The main material is formed by mixing 500 parts of coal gangue, 200 parts of furnace slag, 100 parts of slag and 100 parts of ceramic waste.
The auxiliary materials are formed by mixing water, cement, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, mineral fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, straw, wheat straw, wood chips, waste paper, bagasse, sand, stone powder, pumice, volcanic rock, zeolite, vitrified micro bubbles, vermiculite particles, silicate and steel wires with equal mass.
The additive is prepared by mixing aluminum powder, a binder, light-burned magnesium powder, polystyrene particles, polyurethane, foam concrete, aerated concrete, foam glass, silica sol, a water repellent, a retarder, a dispersing agent, a flame retardant, a film-forming assistant, aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide which have equal mass.
(2) Putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) and curing the intermediate product under a high-pressure condition for 3 hours to finish the manufacturing.
Various parameters of the silica aerogel composite building material produced in this example are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The silica aerogel composite building material is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of aerogel composite powder, 500 parts of main material and 100 parts of auxiliary material;
the aerogel composite powder is formed by mixing silicon dioxide aerogel powder, a nano-pore metal organic compound, foamed high-molecular resin, foamed phenolic resin, activated carbon and a molecular sieve which are equal in mass.
The main materials are formed by mixing equal-mass carbide slag, desulfurization precipitation slag, sewage filter residue, fly ash and polycrystalline silicon sludge waste residue.
The auxiliary materials are formed by mixing water, cement, sand, vitrified micro bubbles, silicate and steel wires with equal mass.
(2) Putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder and auxiliary materials into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) and curing the intermediate product at normal pressure for 0.5h to finish the preparation.
Various parameters of the silica aerogel composite building material produced in this example are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
The silica aerogel composite building material is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of aerogel composite powder, 100 parts of main material, 150 parts of auxiliary material and 200 parts of additive;
the aerogel composite powder is formed by mixing silicon dioxide aerogel powder, volcanic rock, bentonite, expanded perlite, a nano-pore metal organic compound and foaming polymer resin with equal mass.
The main materials are formed by mixing coal gangue, shale slag, sewage filter residue, fly ash, waste silicon powder, furnace slag, ceramic waste and construction waste with equal mass.
The auxiliary materials are water, cement, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, mineral fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, rice straw, wheat straw, wood chips, waste paper, bagasse, sand, stone powder and pumice which are mixed according to equal mass.
The additive is prepared by mixing aluminum powder, a binder, polyurethane, foam concrete, foam glass, silica sol, a water repellent, a retarder, a dispersant and a flame retardant.
(2) Putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) and (5) curing the intermediate product under a high-pressure condition for 36 hours to finish the preparation.
Various parameters of the silica aerogel composite building material produced in this example are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
The silica aerogel composite building material is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of aerogel composite powder, 200 parts of main material, 50 parts of auxiliary material and 50 parts of additive;
the aerogel composite powder is silicon dioxide aerogel powder.
The main material is formed by mixing coal gangue and shale slag with equal mass.
The auxiliary materials are formed by mixing water and cement with equal mass.
The additive is formed by mixing aluminum powder and a binder with equal mass.
(2) Putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) and (5) curing the intermediate product for 48 hours under the normal pressure condition to finish the preparation.
(6) And conveying the prepared product by using a belt or a chain type assembly line, and automatically packaging and warehousing.
Various parameters of the silica aerogel composite building material produced in this example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the Performance parameters of the silica aerogel composite building materials produced in the examples
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Density (kg/m)3) | 500 | 700 | 450 | 900 | 800 |
| Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m.K) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.08 |
| Compressive strength (Mpa) | 5 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 15 |
| Fire resistance rating | A1 | A1 | A1 | A1 | A1 |
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making an aerogel composite building material, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-500 parts of aerogel composite powder, 10-1000 parts of main material, 0-900 parts of auxiliary material and 0-500 parts of additive;
(2) putting the weighed main materials into a crusher to be crushed and sieved, crushing the main materials with the particle size of more than 1mm again until the particle sizes of all the main materials are not more than 1mm, and adding the main materials into a mixer;
(3) putting the weighed aerogel composite powder into a stirring tank, fully and uniformly stirring, adding the aerogel composite powder, auxiliary materials and additives into a mixer, and fully mixing various raw materials by using the mixer;
(4) carrying out tool processing on the mixture to obtain an intermediate product;
(5) naturally drying the intermediate product or curing/aging at-15-300 deg.C under normal pressure/high pressure for 0.5-72h to obtain the final product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerogel composite powder is one or more of silica aerogel powder, diatomaceous earth, fumed silica, kaolin, volcanic rock, bentonite, expanded perlite, nanoporous metal organic compounds, foamed polymer resin, foamed phenolic resin, activated carbon, and molecular sieves.
3. The method for manufacturing the aerogel composite building material according to claim 1, wherein the main material is formed by mixing one or more than one of coal gangue, shale slag, lime slag, carbide slag, desulfurization precipitation slag, sewage filter residue, fly ash, polysilicon sludge waste residue, waste silicon powder, furnace slag, ceramic waste and construction waste.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive is one or more of aluminum powder, binder, light-burned magnesium powder, polystyrene particles, polyurethane, foamed concrete, aerated concrete, foam glass, silica sol, water repellent, retarder, dispersant, flame retardant, film forming aid, alumina, and titanium dioxide.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary material is one or more of water, cement, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, mineral fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, straw, wheat straw, wood flour, waste paper, bagasse, sand, stone powder, pumice, volcanic rock, zeolite, vitrified micro bubbles, vermiculite particles, silicate, and steel wire.
6. The method for manufacturing an aerogel composite building material according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step (5) is followed by the step (6): and conveying the prepared product by using a belt or a chain type assembly line, and automatically packaging and warehousing.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixer is a helical mixer, a dry mixer, a stirred tank, a fluidized bed, a mixing tank, a stirred tank, or a kneader.
8. The method for manufacturing the aerogel composite building material according to claim 7, wherein the tooling treatment comprises press forming through a mold or a template and a pressing machine, or shaping treatment through customized tooling equipment to obtain an intermediate product, the plate is formed through shearing tooling equipment, and the slurry thermal insulation wall material is continuously stirred through a tool tank with a stirring function.
9. The application of the aerogel composite building material is characterized in that the aerogel composite building material can be used as a heat and sound insulation material and applied to house building or building material filling.
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