CN110801936A - Sectional dry type magnetic separation device for powdery magnetic materials and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sectional dry type magnetic separation device for powdery magnetic materials and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 48
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/22—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with non-movable magnets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a segmented dry magnetic separation device for a powdery magnetic material and a using method thereof, belongs to the technical field of mineral separation engineering, and solves the problems of low iron concentrate grade and low metal recovery rate in a dry magnetic separation process for the magnetic material. The magnetic separation device is characterized in that 3-5 separation areas are arranged above a belt in parallel, each separation area is provided with a blowing mechanism and an air draft mechanism, an air outlet of the air draft mechanism is connected with a tailing collecting device, a magnetic system is composed of a plurality of main poles, the magnetic field intensity of the main poles is uniformly distributed along the width direction of the belt, and the magnetic field intensity of the main poles is distributed from high to low from a feeding end to a discharging end along the length direction of the belt. The using method comprises the following steps: the blast volume is adjusted to be increased along the moving direction of the belt; adjusting the magnetic induction intensity of the main magnetic pole to be reduced along the moving direction of the belt in sequence; and starting magnetic separation operation. The invention improves the separation efficiency, separation precision and metal recovery rate of magnetic materials by adjusting the magnetic field intensity and the blast volume in each separation area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation engineering, and particularly relates to a segmented dry magnetic separation device for a powdery magnetic material and a using method thereof.
Background
The low-intensity magnetic separation process of the powdery magnetic material is divided into a wet low-intensity magnetic separation process and a dry low-intensity magnetic separation process.
The mainstream process in the existing mineral separation technology for magnetic materials at home and abroad is wet grinding separation, and the process technology and equipment composition are mature through the development of mineral separation technology for nearly two hundred years. However, as the iron ore resource is increasingly tense and the environmental protection pressure of iron and steel enterprises is gradually increased, the disadvantages and shortcomings of iron and steel enterprises become prominent, such as: the wet grinding and selecting process route is too long, and the production cost and the factory building investment cost are high; the tailings are easy to generate secondary pollution, the occupied area of a tailing pond is large, and the tailings are difficult to reclaim after the tailing pond is closed; the conditions for building plants and the capacity in arid regions with water shortage and severe cold regions are restricted, and the like.
The iron ore dry low-intensity magnetic separation process generally applied at home and abroad mainly comprises two types of dry low-intensity magnetic separation of granular ore and dry low-intensity magnetic separation of fine ore, (1) dry low-intensity magnetic separation of granular ore, wherein the upper limit of ore particle size can reach 150mm, the lower limit of particle size is generally 3mm, the dissociation particle size of iron minerals is mostly below 0.15mm (150 mu m), therefore, the dry magnetic separation process is mostly applied to pre-selecting discarded waste (barren rock, surrounding rock), reducing grinding input and improving input grade, so as to achieve the purposes of energy saving, consumption reduction and efficiency improvement, the purchase standard required for iron ore concentrate in the iron material market is about 60% of iron grade, while the grade of iron ore concentrate obtained by the iron ore dry concentration process is generally about 50% under the current technical level, the production example reaching qualified iron concentrate, (2) dry low-intensity magnetic separation of fine ore, namely, the iron ore is ground to be below 0.15mm (150 mu m), and then dry separation is carried out by adopting a magnetic separation process, the device used in the horizontal separation machine, the working principle of the dry separation of the dry low-type magnetic separation of the dry separation of the magnetic iron ore is that the magnetic separation of the magnetic iron ore is not-magnetic separation of the magnetic separation system with the magnetic separation of the magnetic separation system with the magnetic separation of.
At present, although the iron ore dry magnetic separation process has the defects, the product obtained after the magnetic separation of the iron ore does not need a dehydration link, the tailing disposal process is simple and convenient, the environment-friendly policy advocated by the state is met, and the disposal cost of the product obtained after the magnetic separation is greatly reduced. And secondly, the process does not use water for mineral separation, is favorable for continuous production in winter in severe cold areas and is also favorable for reducing the mineral separation cost in arid water-deficient areas. Therefore, the dry magnetic separation process still has irreplaceable advantages compared with the wet magnetic separation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sectional dry magnetic separation device for a powdery magnetic material, which aims to solve the problems of low iron concentrate grade and low metal recovery rate in a dry magnetic separation process of the magnetic material.
The invention also aims to provide a using method of the sectional dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a sectional dry magnetic separation device for powdery magnetic materials, which comprises a frame, a belt, a magnetic system, a feeding mechanism and a tailing collection device, the fan, the gas holder, blast pipe and air main, the belt is established in the frame, feed mechanism establishes in belt material loading end top, belt unloading end below is equipped with the concentrate storehouse, magnetism system establishes in the material holding section below of belt, the blast pipe links to each other with air main, the last regulating valve that is equipped with of air main, the gas holder links to each other with the fan air intake, the belt top is equipped with 3-5 side by side and selects separately the region, every is selected separately regional blast air mechanism and the exhaust mechanism of all being equipped with alone, exhaust mechanism's air outlet links to each other with tailing collection device, the fan passes through air main and is the blast air of blast air mechanism, magnetism system comprises a plurality of main magnetic poles, a plurality of main magnetic poles are along belt width direction magnetic field intensity evenly distributed, by high to low distribution from material loading end.
As a further improvement of the invention, the magnetic field directions of two adjacent main magnetic poles are opposite.
As a further improvement of the invention, a magnetic repelling pole is arranged between two adjacent main magnetic poles, the magnetic field directions of the two adjacent magnetic repelling poles are opposite, and the main magnetic poles and the magnetic repelling poles are closely arranged along the length direction of the belt. The purpose of arranging the magnetic repelling pole is to increase the action depth of the main pole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the air draft mechanism comprises an air draft cover and an air draft pipe, the air draft pipe is connected with the air draft cover, the air draft cover is arranged above the sorting area, and a sealing apron is arranged between the air draft cover and the mounting frame of the magnetic system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the tailing collecting device comprises a cyclone collector, a cloth bag collector and a tailing bin, wherein the exhaust pipe, the cyclone collector and the cloth bag collector are sequentially connected in series, the tailing bin is arranged at the lower ends of the cyclone collector and the cloth bag collector, the upper end of the cloth bag collector is connected between an air storage tank and an air inlet of a fan, and the air storage tank is connected with a back-blowing air compressor. The bag-type dust collector is provided with pulses, and after the pulse time interval is set, a back-blowing air compressor blows air into the bag to blow down the dust adsorbed on the bag, so that the function of bag-type dust collection is kept.
As a further improvement of the invention, the blowing mechanism comprises air branch pipes and blowing pipes, wherein each air branch pipe is connected with a plurality of blowing pipes, the blowing pipes are parallel to the width direction of the belt, the blowing pipes correspond to low field intensity areas between the main magnetic poles, a plurality of blowing openings are uniformly distributed at the bottoms of the blowing pipes, and each blowing pipe is provided with a blowing valve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the blowpipes is 1 at intervals of two magnetic poles, a pressing guide plate and a grid for recovering magnetic materials are arranged in a high field intensity area between two adjacent blowpipes, and a magnetism gathering hanger is hung in a hole lattice of the grid.
As a further improvement of the invention, the feeding mechanism comprises a stock bin, a belt weigher and a vibrating distributor which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the lower end of the stock bin is provided with a star-shaped quantitative feeder; the material loading end of belt is equipped with the drive pulley, and the unloading end of belt is equipped with the belt pulley of unloading, and the oblique below of the belt pulley of unloading is equipped with rather than the belt material brush that is close to, and the belt material brush below is equipped with the baffle of unloading of slope.
The use method of the sectional dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials comprises the following steps:
A. the blast volume of each blast pipe is adjusted through the blast valve, so that the blast volume of each sorting area is sequentially increased along the moving direction of the belt;
B. adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system to enable the magnetic induction intensity of each main magnetic pole to be reduced in sequence along the moving direction of the belt;
C. and (5) running the belt, uniformly paving the powdery magnetic material on the belt by the feeding mechanism, and starting magnetic separation operation.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step C, the running speed of the belt is 1-3m/s, and the cloth thickness of the magnetic material on the belt is 3-5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device is provided with 3-5 sorting areas, each sorting area is independently provided with the air blowing mechanism and the air draft mechanism, the air blowing quantity and the air draft quantity of each sorting area can be independently adjusted and controlled, and the magnetic field intensity of a plurality of magnetic poles in the magnetic system is distributed from high to low along the length direction of the belt from the feeding end to the discharging end, so that the control of different magnetic separation processes of different magnetic materials can be realized by adjusting parameters such as the magnetic field intensity, the air blowing quantity, the material distribution thickness, the belt running speed and the like in each sorting area according to different material distribution thicknesses, different material iron grades and different belt speeds in the dry sorting process of the magnetic materials, and the sorting efficiency, the sorting precision and the metal recovery rate of the magnetic materials are improved;
2. the magnetic field directions of two adjacent main magnetic poles in the device are opposite, magnetic particles of magnetic materials entering a magnetic separation space are aggregated into magnetic lumps with a certain granularity under the action of the magnetic induction intensity of a magnetic system, the magnetic lumps move horizontally along with a belt and are magnetically overturned when passing through a low field intensity area of two adjacent main magnetic poles (namely the middle position of the two adjacent main magnetic poles), when the magnetic lumps are magnetically overturned, nonmagnetic materials aggregated in the materials are contacted with high-speed airflow, the nonmagnetic materials can be blown out from the materials, and in the process that the nonmagnetic materials carried in the airflow flow through the lower part of a pressed air deflector along the length direction of the belt, part of weak magnetic materials carried in the airflow are adsorbed by the magnetic system at the lower part due to the high field intensity of the lower part area of the air deflector, so that the magnetic materials carried in the airflow can be recovered;
3. the device of the invention can achieve the purpose of improving the surface field intensity and action depth of the main magnetic pole by implanting the repulsive magnetic pole in the magnetic system, and can improve the metal recovery rate in the dry separation process while improving the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic separation space;
4. the device is provided with the grid, and the magnetism gathering hanging piece is hung in the holes of the grid, so that when gas-solid two-phase flow flows through a high field intensity area at the lower part of the guide plate and a gap between the grid and the magnetism gathering hanging piece, part of magnetic materials in the gas-solid two-phase flow are adsorbed by the magnetic system, the grid and the magnetism gathering hanging piece, and the metal recovery rate in the dry separation process is improved;
5. the device of the invention connects the upper end of the bag collector with the air inlet of the fan, and the clean air discharged from the top of the tailing bag collector enters the fan to be pressurized, so that the air pressure can be increased to 9-10 KPa; in the magnetic material dry separation process, the energy carried by the air flow blown out from the air blowing opening is in direct proportion to the quadratic power of the speed of the air flow, after the air flow leaves the air blowing opening, the speed attenuation degree of the air flow is in positive correlation with the distance from the air blowing opening, the air pressure of the air flow is improved to 9-10KPa from the original 2-3KPa, and meanwhile, the distance from the air blowing opening to the surface of the belt is reduced as much as possible, so that more tailings can be blown out from the interior of a material layer while the air blowing speed and the air blowing quantity are improved, and the separation efficiency in the dry separation process is improved;
6. the method of the invention controls the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system to be reduced along the running direction of the belt, the blast volume to be improved along the running direction of the belt and the air suction volume (please supplement), so that the ore dressing operation is more precise, and the grade of the iron ore concentrate and the metal recovery rate are improved;
7. according to the invention, in addition to the magnetic force induced by a magnetic source, the monomer magnetic particles have certain adhesive force after being magnetized in a magnetic field, the force is related to the magnetic induction intensity of a sorting space, the quantity and the mass concentration of the monomer magnetic particles in the unit volume of the sorting space, the adhesive force between the monomer magnetic particles is strong when the concentration is high, and the magnetic agglomeration tendency is also strong, namely: a large amount of fine magnetic particles can be agglomerated into a small amount of coarser magnetic agglomerated particles which are more sensitive to the magnetic force of a magnetic field; compared with monomer particles, the magnetic agglomerated particles have large mass specific surface area, reduce the sensitivity to wind power and are beneficial to improving the metal recovery rate, so the solid-gas ratio has great influence on the separation index; when the solid-gas ratio in the magnetic material dry separation process is too low, the tendency of forming magnetic agglomerated particles by the monomer magnetic particles is weaker, so that the magnetic loss of the material is larger; when the solid-gas ratio is too high, although the magnetic agglomeration of the monomer magnetic particles is strengthened, the load of the unit sorting medium for moving the nonmagnetic particles out of the sorting area is increased due to too much solid materials in the sorting space, so that the momentum and the energy obtained by the nonmagnetic particles from the sorting medium are insufficient, and the sorting efficiency is greatly reduced; the invention increases the running speed of the belt from 0.2-0.4m/s to 1-3m/s and the cloth thickness of the magnetic material on the belt to 3-5mm, which can greatly improve the solid-gas ratio in the dry separation process of the magnetic material, thereby improving the metal recovery rate and the equipment productivity of the dry separation of the magnetic material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sectional dry magnetic separation device for powdery magnetic materials according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a view showing a positional relationship among the blowpipe, the depressed guide plate, and the grid in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the grid of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the blower mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a magnetic system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the magnetic system of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-belt; 2-a blower mechanism; 3-magnetic system; 4-a frame; 5-a concentrate bin; 6-a sorting region; 7-a fan; 8-a gas storage tank; 9-an exhaust pipe; 10-air manifold; 11-a main pole; 12-magnetically opposing poles; 13-air branch pipe; 14-a blowpipe; 15-a blow valve; 16-an air draft cover; 17-an exhaust pipe; 18-a regulating valve; 19-a cyclone collector; 20-a bag collector; 21-tailing bin; 22-depressing the deflector; 23-a grid; 24-magnetic gathering hanger; 25-a storage bin; 26-a belt scale; 27-a vibrating distributor; 28-star doser; 29-a drive pulley; 30-a discharge belt pulley; 31-a belt material brush; 32-a discharge guide plate; 33-sealing apron.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, a segmented dry magnetic separation device for powdery magnetic materials comprises a frame 4, a belt 1, a magnetic system 3, a feeding mechanism, a tailing collection device, a fan 7, a gas storage tank 8, a gas exhaust pipe 9 and an air main pipe 10, wherein the belt 1 is arranged on the frame 4, the feeding mechanism is arranged above the feeding end of the belt 1, a concentrate bin 5 is arranged below the discharging end of the belt 1, the magnetic system 3 is arranged below the material bearing section of the belt 1, the gas exhaust pipe 9 is connected with the air main pipe 10, the air main pipe 10 is provided with a regulating valve 18, the gas storage tank 8 is connected with the air inlet of the fan 7, 3-5 separation areas 6 are arranged above the belt 1 side by side, each separation area 6 is provided with a blowing mechanism 2 and an air draft mechanism, the air outlet of the air draft mechanism is connected with the tailing collection device, the fan 7 blows air for the blowing mechanism 2 through the air, the magnetic field intensity of the plurality of main magnetic poles 11 is uniformly distributed along the width direction of the belt 1, and the magnetic field intensity is distributed from high to low from the feeding end to the discharging end along the length direction of the belt 1.
The magnetic field directions of two adjacent main magnetic poles 11 are opposite.
The two adjacent main magnetic poles 11 are provided with a magnetic repelling pole 12, the magnetic field directions of the two adjacent magnetic repelling poles 12 are opposite, and the main magnetic poles 11 and the magnetic repelling pole 12 are closely arranged along the length direction of the belt 1.
The air draft mechanism comprises an air draft hood 16 and an air draft pipe 17, the air draft pipe 17 is connected with the air draft hood 16, the air draft hood 16 covers the sorting area 6, and a sealing apron 33 is arranged between the air draft hood 16 and the mounting frame of the magnetic system 3.
The tailing collecting device comprises a cyclone collector 19, a cloth bag collector 20 and a tailing bin 21, an exhaust pipe 17, the cyclone collector 19 and the cloth bag collector 20 are sequentially connected in series, the tailing bin 21 is arranged at the lower ends of the cyclone collector 19 and the cloth bag collector 20, the upper end of the cloth bag collector 20 is connected between an air storage tank 8 and an air inlet of a fan 7, and the air storage tank 8 is connected with a back-blowing air compressor.
The blowing mechanism 2 comprises air branch pipes 13 and blowing pipes 14, each air branch pipe 13 is connected with a plurality of blowing pipes 14, each blowing pipe 14 is parallel to the width direction of the belt 1, the blowing pipes 14 correspond to low field intensity regions between the main magnetic poles 11, a plurality of blowing openings are uniformly distributed at the bottoms of the blowing pipes 14, and each blowing pipe 14 is provided with a blowing valve 15.
The blow pipes 14 are arranged at intervals of 1 for two magnetic poles 11, a pressing guide plate 22 and a grid 23 are arranged in a high field intensity area between two adjacent blow pipes 14, and a magnetism gathering hanger 24 is hung in a hole grid of the grid 23.
The feeding mechanism comprises a storage bin 25, a belt weigher 26 and a vibrating distributor 27, the storage bin 25, the belt weigher 26 and the vibrating distributor 27 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a star-shaped quantitative feeder 28 is arranged at the lower end of the storage bin 25; the feeding end of the belt 1 is provided with a driving belt pulley 29, the discharging end of the belt 1 is provided with a discharging belt pulley 30, a belt material brush 31 close to the discharging belt pulley 30 is arranged obliquely below the discharging belt pulley 30, and an oblique discharging guide plate 32 is arranged below the belt material brush 31.
Examples 1,
Taking the setting of 3 sorting areas 6 as an example, as shown in fig. 1, from right to left (from the feeding end to the discharging end), a first sorting area, a second sorting area, and a third sorting area are sequentially provided.
The blowing port of the blowpipe 14 is arranged in the width direction of the belt 1, in a low field intensity region parallel to the surface of the belt 1 and 7 to 12mm from the surface of the belt 1. Each blowing mechanism is provided with 14-20 blowing pipes 14.
The grille 23 adopts a carbon steel screen with the aperture of 1-2mm, and the grille 23 is fixed on the frame 4; the magnetic gathering hanger 24 made of carbon steel is hung in the holes of the grid 23, the magnetic gathering hanger 24 is movably connected with the grid 23, and the length of the magnetic gathering hanger is 15-25 mm.
The magnetic block in the magnetic system 3 is made of neodymium iron boron and strontium ferrite.
The regulating valve 18 is used to regulate the amount of air circulation and the small excess air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 9.
The magnetic field intensity of the area opposite to the main magnetic pole 11 is stronger, the magnetic field intensity of the position between the adjacent main magnetic poles 11 is weakest, and the magnetic field intensity formed by the whole magnetic system 3 is a sine-like curve which is weakened in sequence along the moving direction of the belt 1.
The application method of the sectional dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials comprises the following steps:
A. the blast volume of each blast pipe 14 is adjusted through a blast valve 15, so that the blast volume of each sorting area 6 is sequentially increased along the moving direction of the belt 1;
B. setting the magnetic induction intensity of a selected area corresponding to the magnetic system 3 to be 7500-8000 Oe, the magnetic induction intensity of a two selected areas corresponding to the magnetic system 3 to be 5000-5500 Oe, and the magnetic induction intensity of a three selected areas corresponding to the magnetic system 3 to be 3500-4000 Oe;
C. after powdery magnetic materials with the granularity of 0-1 mm and the iron grade of 30-35% are added from a storage bin, the powdery magnetic materials are uniformly paved on a horizontal belt 1 according to the thickness of 3-5mm through a star-shaped quantitative feeder 28, a belt scale 26 and a vibrating distributor 27; setting the running speed of the belt 1 to be controlled at 1-3m/s, and starting magnetic separation operation.
After the powdery material enters a selection area, magnetic particles in the material are adsorbed by the first group of main magnetic poles 11 of the magnetic system 3 under the action of magnetic field force, and the adsorbed magnetic particles generate a magnetic agglomeration phenomenon and are mixed with nonmagnetic particles. When the powdery material moves horizontally to a zero field strength region (namely the middle position of two adjacent main poles) of a magnetic field along with the belt 1, air with the air speed of 40-60 m/s is blown to the surface of the material through the blowing pipe 14, so that part of nonmagnetic particles mixed in the magnetic agglomerated material can be blown out of the material surface and taken away along with air flow. Then the materials continuously move along with the belt to enter a second group of main magnetic poles 11 to be selected again; through multiple times of wind-magnetic combined separation, the magnetic materials in the magnetic material can be enriched step by step. After the magnetic material is pre-selected in a selected area, the iron grade of the magnetic material is improved from 30-35% to 42-45%. The magnetic material after pre-selection enters a secondary selection area for rough selection, and the iron grade is improved from 42-45% to 51-53%. After the material after the rough concentration enters a three-separation area for fine concentration, the iron grade is improved from 51-53% to 56-61%, and concentrate is produced. After the concentrate is carried out of the magnetic system 3 by the belt 1, the concentrate passes through the belt material brush 31, is brushed down from the belt by the belt material brush 31 and enters the concentrate bin 5 for storage under the guiding action of the discharging guide plate 32.
The high-speed airflow blown out from the blowpipe 14 is blown to the surface of the belt 1 perpendicularly, the magnetic field directions of two adjacent main magnetic poles 11 along the length direction of the belt 1 are opposite, magnetic particles of the magnetic materials entering the magnetic separation space are agglomerated into magnetic agglomerates with certain particle sizes under the magnetic induction effect of the magnetic system 3, and the magnetic agglomerates are magnetically overturned when passing through two adjacent main magnetic pole extremely low field intensity areas along with the horizontal movement process of the belt 1. When the magnetic block is turned over magnetically, the nonmagnetic material agglomerated inside the material is contacted with the high-speed airflow, the nonmagnetic material can be blown out from the material, the nonmagnetic material carried in the airflow flows through the lower part of the pressing guide plate 22 along the length direction of the belt 1, and part of the weak magnetic material carried in the airflow is adsorbed by the magnetic system 3 at the lower part due to the higher field intensity of the lower area of the pressing guide plate 22, so that the magnetic material carried in the airflow can be recovered.
The air blown into the material layer overflows the material layer and carries a large amount of fine granular materials, most of the fine magnetic particles in the fluidized fine particles flow through the grating 23 along with the air to form a magnetic material with coarse particles, the magnetic material with coarse particles sinks and is bound by the magnetic system 3 again, and the rest of the nonmagnetic particle air draft mechanism is drawn away.
Gas-solid two-phase flow in the magnetic material sorting process flows through gaps among the magnetic gathering hanging pieces 24 and pores of the screen; because the carbon steel screen mesh and the magnetism-gathering hanging piece 24 are made of magnetic conductive materials, magnetization can be generated under the action of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic system 3, when materials carried in air flow through the grating 23, the magnetic materials in the gas-solid two-phase flow are adsorbed by the screen mesh and the magnetism-gathering hanging piece 24 under the action of magnetic field force, and non-magnetic materials in the gas-solid two-phase flow are directly taken out of a dry separation area by the air flow, so that the metal recovery rate in the dry separation process is improved.
The positive pressure gas-solid two-phase flow discharged from the grille 23 enters a negative pressure area, the tailing powder is collected by the cyclone collector 19 and the cloth bag collector 20, and after the discharged clean air is pressurized by the fan 7, most of the air is recycled except for a small part of the air discharged.
And conveying the tailings gas-solid two-phase flow from the draft hood 16 into the cyclone collector 19, separating 80-90% of tailings in the gas-solid two-phase flow under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, continuously carrying part of unseparated tailings into the cloth bag collector 20 by air, separating the tailings under the action of cloth bag filtration, and allowing the tailings collected from the bottoms of the cyclone collector 19 and the cloth bag collector 20 to enter the tailings bin 21.
The running speed of the belt 1 is controlled to be 1-3m/s, the cloth thickness of the magnetic material on the belt is 3-5mm, and the blowing air pressure is 9-10KPa, so that the solid-gas ratio in the magnetic material dry separation process can be improved, and the metal recovery rate and the equipment productivity of the magnetic material are improved.
The invention solves the problems of low iron concentrate grade, low metal recovery rate, low mineral dressing efficiency and low single machine productivity in the magnetic material dry magnetic separation process.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a likepowder magnetism material segmentation dry-type magnetic separation device, includes frame, belt, magnetism system, feed mechanism, tailing collection device, fan, gas holder, blast pipe and air main, the belt is established in the frame, feed mechanism establishes in belt material loading end top, and belt unloading end below is equipped with the concentrate storehouse, magnetism system establishes the material section below of holding at the belt, the blast pipe links to each other with the air main, is equipped with adjusting valve on the air main, the gas holder links to each other its characterized in that with the fan air intake: belt (1) top is equipped with 3-5 side by side and selects separately region (6), and every is selected separately region (6) and all is equipped with blast air mechanism (2) and exhaust mechanism, exhaust mechanism's air outlet links to each other with the tailing collection device, and fan (7) are blast air mechanism (2) through air main (10), magnetism system (3) comprise a plurality of main magnetic pole (11), and a plurality of main magnetic pole (11) are followed belt (1) width direction magnetic field intensity evenly distributed, are followed belt (1) length direction by material loading end to unloading end magnetic field intensity by high to low distribution.
2. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the magnetic field directions of two adjacent main magnetic poles (11) are opposite.
3. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: a magnetic repelling pole (12) is arranged between two adjacent main magnetic poles (11), the magnetic field directions of the two adjacent magnetic repelling poles (12) are opposite, and the main magnetic poles (11) and the magnetic repelling poles (12) are closely arranged along the length direction of the belt (1).
4. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the air draft mechanism comprises an air draft cover (16) and an air draft pipe (17), the air draft pipe (17) is connected with the air draft cover (16), the air draft cover (16) covers the upper portion of the sorting area (6), and a sealing apron (33) is arranged between the air draft cover (16) and the installation frame of the magnetic system (3).
5. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the tailings collection device comprises a cyclone collector (19), a cloth bag collector (20) and a tailings bin (21), the exhaust pipe (17), the cyclone collector (19) and the cloth bag collector (20) are sequentially connected in series, the tailings bin (21) is arranged at the lower ends of the cyclone collector (19) and the cloth bag collector (20), the upper end of the cloth bag collector (20) is connected between a gas storage tank (8) and an air inlet of a fan (7), and a back-blowing air compressor is connected to the gas storage tank (8).
6. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the blowing mechanism (2) comprises air branch pipes (13) and blowing pipes (14), each air branch pipe (13) is connected with a plurality of blowing pipes (14), each blowing pipe (14) is parallel to the width direction of the belt (1), each blowing pipe (14) corresponds to a low field intensity area between the main magnetic poles (11), a plurality of blowing ports are uniformly distributed at the bottom of each blowing pipe (14), and each blowing pipe (14) is provided with a blowing valve (15).
7. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the blowing pipes (14) are arranged at intervals of 1 for two magnetic poles (11), a pressing guide plate (22) and a grid (23) are arranged in a high field intensity area between every two adjacent blowing pipes (14), and a magnetism gathering hanger (24) is hung in a hole lattice of the grid (23).
8. The segmented dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the feeding mechanism comprises a stock bin (25), a belt weigher (26) and a vibrating distributor (27), the stock bin (25), the belt weigher (26) and the vibrating distributor (27) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a star-shaped quantitative feeder (28) is arranged at the lower end of the stock bin (25); the feeding end of the belt (1) is provided with a driving belt pulley (29), the discharging end of the belt (1) is provided with a discharging belt pulley (30), a belt material brush (31) close to the discharging belt pulley (30) is arranged below the discharging belt pulley (30), and an inclined discharging guide plate (32) is arranged below the belt material brush (31).
9. The using method of the sectional dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. the blast volume of each blast pipe (14) is adjusted through a blast valve (15), so that the blast volume of each sorting area (6) is increased in sequence along the moving direction of the belt (1);
B. adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system (3) to enable the magnetic induction intensity of each main magnetic pole (11) to be reduced in sequence along the moving direction of the belt (1);
C. and (3) running the belt (1), uniformly paving the powdery magnetic material on the belt (1) by the feeding mechanism, and starting magnetic separation operation.
10. The use method of the sectional dry magnetic separation device for the powdery magnetic materials as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: in the step C, the running speed of the belt (1) is 1-3m/s, and the cloth thickness of the magnetic material on the belt (1) is 3-5 mm.
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