CN110797879A - Power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit - Google Patents

Power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit Download PDF

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CN110797879A
CN110797879A CN201911120060.6A CN201911120060A CN110797879A CN 110797879 A CN110797879 A CN 110797879A CN 201911120060 A CN201911120060 A CN 201911120060A CN 110797879 A CN110797879 A CN 110797879A
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voltage
power grid
limit
reactive
bus
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何英静
李继红
郑伟民
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State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power system control, and solves the problem of high and low voltage in local areas caused by the change of external conditions inside and outside the existing power grid. The invention provides a power grid reactive resource allocation method based on avoidance of voltage out-of-limit, which comprises the following steps of 1: calculating reactive load of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid; step 2: setting a voltage allowable range of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid; and step 3: calculating the voltage threshold value of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid; and 4, step 4: judging whether the voltage out-of-limit condition exists in the chip or not; if not, entering step 7; if the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses are out of limit, sequencing the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses with out-of-limit voltage from large to small according to the out-of-limit value; and 5: selecting the maximum out-of-limit value, and calculating the capacity Q of the reactive power compensation deviceN(ii) a Step 6: returning to the step 3 according to the calculation configuration; and 7: according to the requirements of power factors of a high-voltage bus of an upper-layer power grid; reactive compensation capacity Q configured for low-voltage side bus thereof′ 0。

Description

Power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system control, and particularly relates to a power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit.
Background
The operating voltage level of the power system depends on the balance of the reactive power of the system. The reasonable reactive resource allocation method plays a vital role in balancing the reactive power of the system, adjusting the operating voltage level of the system, ensuring the voltage quality of the system and the like.
At present, reactive resource allocation of a power grid is mainly carried out according to relevant regulation specifications, and internal and external conditions of the power grid are greatly changed along with the development of a new potential of the power grid. The external condition mainly means that after a plurality of alternating current and direct current extra-high voltage points fall, the proportion of power received outside the power grid is high, and accordingly the number of hours of power generation and utilization of the in-province units is reduced sharply, and reactive power reserve is insufficient. In such a severe operation mode, a low voltage phenomenon may occur in a local area; the internal condition mainly refers to the problem that the cable rate of the urban distribution network is continuously increased, so that when the system is in a load valley period, the charging power is excessive, and high voltage occurs in local areas.
In order to solve the high and low voltage problems of the power grid in the new situation, an effective reactive resource configuration scheme is very urgent, and particularly, the high and low voltage problems of local areas caused by the change of internal and external conditions are more urgent under the condition of the inferior severe operation mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the high and low voltages of the conventional power grid are easy to appear under the new potential, provides a power grid reactive resource allocation method for avoiding voltage out-of-limit, and provides an applicable reactive allocation method according to the principle of priority allocation of maximum bus voltage out-of-limit value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit comprises the following steps,
step 1: calculating reactive load of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
step 2: setting a voltage allowable range of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
and step 3: calculating the voltage threshold value of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
and 4, step 4: judging whether the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid is in the out-of-limit condition or not according to the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 2 and the voltage out-of-limit value calculation result of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 3; if not, entering step 7; if the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses are out of limit, sequencing the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses with out-of-limit voltage from large to small according to the out-of-limit value;
and 5: according to the sequencing result in the step 4, the lower-layer power grid high-voltage bus with the maximum out-of-limit value is selected, and the voltage of the lower-layer power grid high-voltage bus is calculated and compensated to the voltage limit value U of the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buslimitRequired reactive power compensator capacity QN；
Step 6: the reactive compensation capacity Q calculated in the step 5 is comparedNConfiguring the high-voltage bus of the corresponding lower-layer power grid, and returning to the step 3;
and 7: calculating power factor of high-voltage bus of upper-layer power grid
Figure BDA0002275214560000021
Judging whether the power factor meets the requirement of the power factor of the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid; if yes, completing configuration; if not, calculating reactive compensation capacity Q 'required to be configured on the low-voltage side bus of the upper-layer power grid'0And configured according to the calculation result.
Further, the calculation formula of the reactive load of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid in the step 1 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002275214560000022
in the formula, P is the total power supply load in the power supply area of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid;
Figure BDA0002275214560000023
is the power factor of the high-voltage bus thereof.
Further, in the step 2, the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid is set as follows,
2.1 the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid is set as a PV node, and when the peak load is carried out, the voltage is set as the lower limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmin(ii) a In the low-valley load, the voltage is set as the upper limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmax；
2.2 terminal voltage of all generator buses in the lower-layer power grid is set, and the terminal voltage is set to the maximum value U allowed by the terminal voltage at the time of peak loadgmax(ii) a At low valley load, the terminal voltage is set to its minimum allowable value Ugmin；
2.3 setting the allowable range U of the voltage of each high-voltage bus in the lower-layer power grid during the peak load and the valley load respectivelymin～Umax。
Further, a power flow program calculation is performed, and a calculation formula of the voltage threshold value in the step 3 is as follows:
ΔU＝|Uact-Ulimit|
in the formula of UactFor the actual value of the load flow calculation, UlimitIs a voltage limit;
at peak load, UlimitValue Umin(ii) a At low valley load, UlimitValue Umax。
Further, the reactive power compensation device capacity Q in step 5NThe specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
5.1 the lower layer electric network high voltage bus with the maximum voltage out-of-limit value is set as a PV node, and the voltage is set as the voltage limit value Ulimit，
5.2 calculating the reactive power Q required to be compensatedactThen the capacity Q of the reactive power compensation device which is actually required to be configuredNIs determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002275214560000031
further, in step 7, the power factor of the high-voltage bus of the upper grid
Figure BDA0002275214560000032
Is obtained through the result of load flow calculation; power factor to the high voltage bus of the upper layer power gridThe requirement is that, at peak load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000041
at the time of the low-valley load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000042
Figure BDA0002275214560000043
is constant and is taken from the technical guide rule of reactive compensation configuration of the power system.
Further, the district power grid is a power supply area which is centrally organized by one or a plurality of 500kv, 220kv and even 110 kv substations.
The invention calculates the reactive load of the lower-layer power grid, gives an applicable reactive configuration method according to the principle of priority configuration of maximum out-of-limit value of the bus voltage on the basis of researching the regulation limit of the bus voltage of the upper-layer power grid, and solves the problem of high and low voltages in local areas caused by the change of internal and external conditions
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, the following detailed description is provided for the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a standard structure of a 500kV district power grid is shown, where point A, B is a high-voltage bus of a 500kV substation, point C, D is a 220kV bus of the 500kV substation, and point E, F, G, H, I, J is a high-voltage bus of the 220kV substation.
Aiming at the power grid system, the method for allocating the reactive power resources of the power grid is adopted, and the specific process is as follows:
step 1: and calculating the reactive load of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid.
According to relevant regulations of reactive compensation configuration technology guide rules of electric power systems, the power factor of the high-voltage side of the 220kV substation is required to meet the following requirements: at the time of a peak load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000044
at the time of the low-valley load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000045
the reactive load calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002275214560000046
in the formula, P is the total power supply load in the power supply area of a high-voltage bus of a 220kV substation; power factor
Figure BDA0002275214560000051
Taking 0.95; and calculating the reactive load Q on the high-voltage side of the 220kV substation according to the formula.
Step 2: and setting the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid. The specific setting is as follows,
2.1 define point A, B of the 500kV high-voltage bus as a PV node. During peak load, the voltage is set as the lower limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmin0.97 pu; in the low-valley load, the voltage is set as the upper limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmax＝1.07pu。
2.2 setting the terminal voltage of all generator buses in the district power grid. At peak load, the O-point bus voltage is set to its maximum allowable value Ugmax1.1 pu; at the time of low-valley load, the O point bus voltage is set to the minimum value U allowed by the O point bus voltagegmin＝1.0pu。
2.3 the allowable range of the voltage of the high-voltage bus E-J point of each 220kV substation is set to be-3% to + 7% at the peak and the valley load.
And step 3: and calculating the voltage threshold value of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid.
And (4) carrying out load flow program calculation, and respectively recording the voltage out-of-limit conditions of the high-voltage bus points E-J of each 220kV substation during peak load and low-valley load.
The out-of-limit value calculation formula is as follows:
ΔU＝|Uact-Ulimit|
in the formula of UactFor the actual value of the load flow calculation, UlimitIs the voltage limit.
And 4, step 4: judging whether the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid is in the out-of-limit condition or not according to the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 2 and the voltage out-of-limit value calculation result of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 3; if the voltage is not out of limit, entering step 7; and if the voltage is out of limit, sequencing the high-voltage buses of the 220kV substations with the out-of-limit voltage in sequence from large to small according to the out-of-limit value.
And 5: according to the sorting result in the step 4, selecting the 220kV substation high-voltage bus with the maximum out-of-limit value, and calculating to compensate the voltage of the 220kV substation high-voltage bus to the voltage limit value U of the 220kV substation high-voltage buslimitRequired reactive power compensator capacity QN。
Setting the high-voltage bus of the 220kV substation with the maximum out-of-limit voltage as a PV node, and setting the voltage as the voltage limit UlimitCalculating the reactive power Q required to be compensatedact. The actual required configured reactive compensation device capacity may be determined by:
Figure BDA0002275214560000061
step 6: the reactive compensation capacity Q calculated in the step 5 is comparedNAnd (4) configuring the high-voltage bus at the corresponding 220kV substation, and returning to the step 3.
And 7: calculating power factor of high-voltage bus of upper-layer power grid
Figure BDA0002275214560000062
Judging whether the power factor meets the requirement of the power factor of the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid; if yes, completing configuration; if not, calculating upper layer electricityReactive compensation capacity Q 'configured for grid low-voltage side bus'0And configured according to the calculation result.
Through load flow calculation, power factors of A and B points of a 500kV high-voltage bus at peak and low-valley loads are obtained respectively
Figure BDA0002275214560000063
Judging whether the following conditions are met: at the time of a peak load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000064
at the time of the low-valley load,
Figure BDA0002275214560000065
here, it should be noted that, in the following description,
Figure BDA0002275214560000066
the value is generally 0.95 according to the relevant regulation of the technical guideline for reactive compensation configuration of the power system.
If so, configuration is complete. If not, a reactive compensation capacity Q 'is arranged on a 220kV bus of the 500kV substation'0This can be determined by the following formula:
Q′0＝0.33P0-Q0
in the formula, P0，Q0And the active power and the reactive power flowing through the 500kV high-voltage bus under the load flow calculation result.
The embodiments described above are presented to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to the above-described embodiments may be made, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A power grid reactive resource allocation method based on voltage avoidance out-of-limit comprises the following steps,
step 1: calculating reactive load of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
step 2: setting a voltage allowable range of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
and step 3: calculating the voltage threshold value of a high-voltage bus of a lower-layer power grid in a district power grid;
and 4, step 4: judging whether the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid is in the out-of-limit condition or not according to the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 2 and the voltage out-of-limit value calculation result of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the regional power grid in the step 3; if not, entering step 7; if the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses are out of limit, sequencing the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buses with out-of-limit voltage from large to small according to the out-of-limit value;
and 5: according to the sequencing result in the step 4, the lower-layer power grid high-voltage bus with the maximum out-of-limit value is selected, and the voltage of the lower-layer power grid high-voltage bus is calculated and compensated to the voltage limit value U of the lower-layer power grid high-voltage buslimitRequired reactive power compensator capacity QN；
Step 6: the reactive compensation capacity Q calculated in the step 5 is comparedNConfiguring the high-voltage bus of the corresponding lower-layer power grid, and returning to the step 3;
and 7: calculating power factor of high-voltage bus of upper-layer power grid
Figure FDA0002275214550000011
Judging whether the power factor meets the requirement of the power factor of the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid; if yes, completing configuration; if not, calculating reactive compensation capacity Q 'required to be configured on the low-voltage side bus of the upper-layer power grid'0And configured according to the calculation result.
2. The method for configuring reactive resources of a power grid based on voltage violation avoidance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, a calculation formula of the reactive load of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid is as follows:
Figure FDA0002275214550000012
in the formula, P is the total power supply load in the power supply area of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid;
Figure FDA0002275214550000013
is the power factor of the high-voltage bus thereof.
3. The method for configuring reactive resources of a power grid based on voltage violation avoidance according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2, the voltage allowable range of the high-voltage bus of the lower-layer power grid in the district power grid is set as follows,
2.1 the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid is set as a PV node, and when the peak load is carried out, the voltage is set as the lower limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmin(ii) a In the low-valley load, the voltage is set as the upper limit U of the controllable voltage of the dispatching systemcmax；
2.2 terminal voltage of all generator buses in the lower-layer power grid is set, and the terminal voltage is set to the maximum value U allowed by the terminal voltage at the time of peak loadgmax(ii) a At low valley load, the terminal voltage is set to its minimum allowable value Ugmin；
2.3 setting the allowable range U of the voltage of each high-voltage bus in the lower-layer power grid during the peak load and the valley load respectivelymin～Umax。
4. The method for configuring reactive resources of a power grid based on avoidance voltage violation according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) performing load flow program calculation, wherein the calculation formula of the voltage threshold value in the step 3 is as follows:
ΔU＝|Uact-Ulimit|
in the formula of UactFor the actual value of the load flow calculation, UlimitIs a voltage limit;
at peak load, UlimitValue Umin(ii) a At low valley load, UlimitValue Umax。
5. The method for allocating reactive resources of power grid based on voltage violation avoidance according to claim 4, wherein the reactive compensation device capacity Q in step 5NThe specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
5.1 the lower layer electric network high voltage bus with the maximum voltage out-of-limit value is set as a PV node, and the voltage is set as the voltage limit value Ulimit，
5.2 calculating the reactive power Q required to be compensatedactThen the capacity Q of the reactive power compensation device which is actually required to be configuredNIs determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002275214550000031
6. the method for configuring reactive resources of a power grid based on avoidance voltage violation according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 7, the power factor of the high-voltage bus of the upper-layer power grid
Figure FDA0002275214550000032
Is obtained through the result of load flow calculation; power factor to the high voltage bus of the upper layer power grid
Figure FDA0002275214550000033
The requirement is that, at peak load,at the time of the low-valley load,
Figure FDA0002275214550000035
Figure FDA0002275214550000036
is constant and is taken from the technical guide rule of reactive compensation configuration of the power system.
7. The method for configuring reactive resources of power grid based on avoidance of voltage violation according to claim 6, wherein the method is characterized in thatIn step 7, the reactive compensation capacity Q'0The specific calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
at the time of a peak load,
Figure FDA0002275214550000038
at the time of the low-valley load,
Figure FDA0002275214550000039
8. the avoiding voltage violation based grid reactive resource configuration method according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the parcel grid is a power supply area centrally organized by one or several 500kv, 220kv and even 110 kv substations.
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CN102545230A (en) * 2012-01-10 2012-07-04 四川省电力公司 Voltage out-of-limit adjusting method
CN105425041A (en) * 2015-09-21 2016-03-23 国家电网公司 Calculating method of impedance value of three-winding transformer based on short circuit current restraint
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Application publication date: 20200214