CN110794674A - Test platform of multiple net side converter of alternating current locomotive - Google Patents
Test platform of multiple net side converter of alternating current locomotive Download PDFInfo
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- CN110794674A CN110794674A CN201911041204.9A CN201911041204A CN110794674A CN 110794674 A CN110794674 A CN 110794674A CN 201911041204 A CN201911041204 A CN 201911041204A CN 110794674 A CN110794674 A CN 110794674A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
- G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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Abstract
The invention provides a test platform of a multiple network side converter of an alternating current locomotive, which utilizes a power grid simulator to simulate the power supply condition of a traction power supply system; a multi-winding transformer, a multiple grid-connected circuit and a multiple converter are adopted to form an alternating current locomotive grid side main circuit model; simulating traction and regenerative braking loads of the alternating-current locomotive by adopting a programmable electronic load and a programmable direct-current power supply; the working state of the alternating current locomotive in the traction power supply system is obtained through the signal acquisition module and is sent to the controller; the real-time controller calculates an optimal control instruction according to the collected running state information and a designed control strategy, and sends the optimal control instruction to the converter for execution through the signal converter; the test platform provided by the invention provides an environment for carrying out high-efficiency test verification on the alternating current locomotive grid-side converter control strategy, and provides a necessary test condition basis for solving the problem of grid electric matching instability when the related converter control technology is applied to an actual system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrified railways, in particular to a test platform of a multiple network side converter of an alternating current locomotive.
Background
In recent years, high-order harmonic resonance and low-frequency oscillation occur to electrified railways in China for many times, accidents such as burning loss of high-voltage electrical equipment such as a contact network arrester, feeder protection tripping of a substation, tripping of a locomotive main breaker, blocking of a traction converter and the like are caused, and safe and stable operation of a railway transportation system is seriously influenced. The accidents are caused by the fact that the electrical load characteristics of novel electric locomotives (including motor train units) are not suitable for the power supply conditions of a traction power supply system, and belong to the phenomenon of instability of electric matching of a train network. HX currently mainstream in ChinaDThe series high-power electric locomotives and the CRH (and the latest CR) series high-speed motor train units all adopt' AC-DC-
An alternating type traction transmission system can be collectively called an alternating current locomotive. The AC-DC part of the grid side is a multiple single-phase PWM rectifier, which is called a multiple grid-side converter for short. The existing theoretical analysis and simulation calculation prove that the multiple grid-side converter determines the electrical load characteristic of the alternating-current locomotive, and the effects of optimizing the control algorithm and adjusting the control parameters of the multiple grid-side converter on improving the grid electrical matching are obvious. Other ways of improving the electrical matching of the vehicle network, such as ground installation of passive filters, vehicle-mounted passive and active filtering technologies, all need the investment of hardware, and are not as good as optimizing the control algorithm of the multiple network-side converter in terms of cost, equipment volume, floor area, safety and reliability and the like.
At present, in China, the technology of an alternating current locomotive traction converter is relatively closed, a related optimization control algorithm is still in a theoretical derivation and simulation verification stage, a certain distance is left from practical application, and a high-efficiency test platform of a multiple converter specially designed for the related research of a vehicle network electric matching optimization control algorithm is basically a technical blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a test platform for a multiple network side converter of an alternating current locomotive, which is used for solving the technical problems that a large amount of hardware investment cost and equipment installation space cost are required to be increased when a method based on active and passive filtering technologies is adopted to solve the problem of vehicle network electric matching instability in the prior art, and the reliability of a system is easily reduced due to the fact that equipment is newly added in the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A test platform for a multiple network side converter of an alternating current locomotive comprises a main circuit and a control circuit which are electrically connected with each other;
the main circuit comprises a power grid simulator, a multi-winding transformer, a multi-path grid-connected circuit, a multi-level converter and a programmable load which are electrically connected in sequence;
the control circuit comprises a real-time controller, and an acquisition module and a signal converter which are respectively electrically connected with the real-time controller;
the power grid simulator is used for bearing a power grid side circuit in the test platform and simulating a traction power supply system environment together with the multi-winding transformer; the multi-path grid-connected circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the multiple converters; the multiplex converter provides power supply voltage for simulating the multiplex PWM rectifier; the programmable load is used for simulating the working conditions of locomotive traction and regenerative braking;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring analog quantity electric signals of the electric information of each part of the main circuit, converting the acquired analog quantity electric signals into digital quantity electric signals and transmitting the digital quantity electric signals to the real-time controller; the real-time controller obtains a control command based on the digital quantity electric signal, and the control command is sent to the multiplexing converter through the signal converter.
Preferably, the multiple converter comprises N single-phase H-bridge converter modules and/or M single-phase NPC-bridge converter modules; wherein N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6, N is an integer, M is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6, and M is an integer.
Preferably, the multiple grid-connected circuits comprise a plurality of groups of single-phase grid-connected circuits, and each group of single-phase grid-connected circuits comprises a grid-connected main circuit breaker, a grid-connected filter circuit and a pre-charging resistor which are electrically connected in sequence;
the method comprises the steps that switching-on and switching-off operation simulation is conducted on a main grid-connected circuit breaker of a multiple grid-connected circuit, the load of an alternating-current locomotive is put into and cut off, the grid-connected filter circuit is used for configuring filter parameters, the real-time controller is further used for charging a pre-charging resistor, and the multiple current transformer is started through the pre-charging resistor.
Preferably, the real-time controller is further configured to control an output voltage and an output impedance of the grid simulator, so that the grid simulator can simulate traction and regenerative braking conditions.
Preferably, the real-time controller is further used for performing periodic control on the output voltage amplitude, the input current amplitude and the phase of the multiple current transformer.
Preferably, the control period of the real-time controller to the output voltage amplitude, the input current amplitude and the phase of the multiple current transformer is less than 20 microseconds.
Preferably, the programmable loads include programmable electronic loads and programmable dc power supplies for simulating locomotive traction and regenerative braking conditions, respectively.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the test platform of the alternating-current locomotive multiple grid-side converter can optimize the control strategy of the alternating-current locomotive grid-side converter and adjust the parameters of the controller without adding any hardware investment, and can effectively improve the matching performance of the electrical load characteristics of the locomotive on the power supply conditions of the traction power supply system.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test platform of a multiple grid-side converter of an AC locomotive according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a multiple converter based on a single-phase H-bridge topology structure of a test platform of a multiple grid-side converter of an ac locomotive according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a single-phase NPC bridge topology-based multiple converter of a test platform of an alternating-current locomotive multiple grid-side converter.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the test platform for the multiple grid-side converter of the ac locomotive provided by the invention comprises a main circuit and a control circuit which are electrically connected with each other;
the main circuit comprises a power grid simulator GS, a multi-winding transformer MT, a multi-path grid-connected circuit MGC, a multi-level converter MC and a programmable load GL which are electrically connected in sequence;
the control circuit comprises a real-time controller RTC, and an acquisition module VIS and a signal converter SC which are respectively and electrically connected with the real-time controller;
the power grid simulator is used for simulating and bearing a power grid side circuit of the alternating-current locomotive in the test platform, is connected with a primary side winding of the multi-winding transformer and simulates a traction power supply system environment together; the multi-path grid-connected circuit is provided with a plurality of secondary windings, and provides power supply voltage for a multi-converter with a plurality of converter units through a multi-path parallel grid-connected circuit GC, so that electric energy transmission and conversion of a vehicle network are realized; the multiplex converter provides power voltage for simulating a multiplex PWM rectifier on the network side of the alternating-current locomotive; the programmable load is used for simulating the working conditions of locomotive traction and regenerative braking;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring analog quantity electric signals of the electric information of each part of the main circuit, converting the acquired analog quantity electric signals into digital quantity electric signals and transmitting the digital quantity electric signals to the real-time controller; the real-time controller obtains a control command through calculation according to the digital quantity electric signal, and the control command is sent to the multiple current transformer through the signal converter to be executed;
the test platform of the alternating-current locomotive multiple network side converter provided by the invention can optimize the control strategy of the alternating-current locomotive network side converter and adjust the parameters of the controller without adding any hardware investment, and can effectively improve the matching performance of the electrical load characteristics of the locomotive on the power supply conditions of a traction power supply system.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, as shown in the topology structures shown in fig. 2 and 3, the multiple converter comprises a module group composed of N single-phase H-bridge converter modules and a module group composed of M single-phase NPC-bridge converter modules, which are parallel to each other, each of the single-phase H-bridge converter modules and the single-phase NPC-bridge converter modules adopts an IGBT device with a switching frequency of not lower than 10kHz, the single-phase H-bridge converter module group is used for simulating an ac locomotive model of a 2-level converter, the module group composed of the single-phase NPC-bridge converter modules is used for simulating an ac locomotive model of a 3-level converter, and the absorption of electric energy from the grid simulator to supply a load and the feedback of energy from the load to the grid simulator are realized by controlling the on-off of the converter switching devices; the single-phase H-bridge converter module group and the single-phase NPC bridge converter module group are independently controlled according to actual needs, or a single-phase H-bridge converter module group or a single-phase NPC bridge converter module group is independently arranged as a multiple converter and consists of the single-phase H-bridge converter module group or the single-phase NPC bridge converter module group; in the embodiment, the number of the single-phase NPC bridge converters is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6, and the number of the single-phase NPC bridge converters is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above described converter applications are exemplary only, and that other existing or future converter applications, such as those applicable to the present embodiments, are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention and are hereby incorporated by reference.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, the multiple grid-connected circuits include multiple groups of single-phase grid-connected circuits, and each group of single-phase grid-connected circuits includes a grid-connected main circuit breaker, a grid-connected filter circuit and a pre-charging resistor which are electrically connected in sequence;
as shown in FIG. 1, K is used in a multiple grid-connected circuitg1-KgNThe multi-path grid-connected main circuit breaker simulates the input and the removal of the load of the AC locomotive by performing on-off operation on the multi-path grid-connected main circuit breaker; in this embodiment is providedA multi-channel grid-connected filter circuit (F)1-FN) And an access port thereof for configuring filtering parameters; in this embodiment, r1-rNFor a multi-path pre-charge resistor, Kr1-KrNA bypass switch for a plurality of pre-charge resistors; the control logic is designed to enable the real-time controller to charge the pre-charging resistor, and the multiple current transformers are started through the pre-charging resistor.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, the programmable loads include a programmable electronic load GEL and a programmable DC power source GDCS for simulating locomotive traction and regenerative braking conditions, respectively.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, a grid simulator is provided in the test platform for carrying grid-side circuitry of the ac locomotive, the grid simulator being operable in the 4-quadrant for adaptively outputting and absorbing power, simulating traction and regenerative braking conditions.
The principle of a control circuit of the test platform provided by the invention is schematically shown in the lower half part of fig. 1, and a collection module VIS collects a plurality of electric quantities from a main circuit, and mainly comprises a network side voltage uNAnd current iNThe input current i of each converter modulec1Dc side voltage u of converterdc(ii) a And converting the collected analog electric signals of the electric quantities into digital electric signals and transmitting the digital electric signals to the real-time controller. The real-time controller can be used for a user to program a prefabricated optimized control algorithm obtained through theoretical derivation and simulation verification, and can perform online real-time adjustment on each control parameter of the programmed control algorithm; the real-time controller calculates a control instruction according to the collected electric quantity states of the main circuit and a control algorithm, calculates the control instruction and sends the control instruction to the signal converter; the signal converter converts the received electric signal control command into an optical signal control command and sends the optical signal control command to the multiple converters for execution.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, the real-time controller is further configured to control an output voltage and an output impedance of the grid simulator, so that the grid simulator can simulate traction and regenerative braking conditions.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, the real-time controller is further configured to perform fast cycle control on the output voltage amplitude, the input current amplitude and the phase of the multiple current transformer, and the fastest control cycle may be less than 20 milliseconds.
The invention also provides an embodiment for exemplarily displaying the architecture process of the test platform:
firstly, establishing a target system; according to the structure of a traction transmission system of a researched target vehicle type, a required multiple converter circuit is built, a circuit based on single-phase H-bridge topology shown in a figure 2 is selected for a 2-level vehicle type, a circuit based on single-phase NPC-bridge topology shown in a figure 3 is selected for a 3-level vehicle type, the number of H-bridge converters and/or NPC-bridge converters is determined according to the number of actual multiple converters, and the multiple converter links are connected according to the parallel condition of a direct current side; connecting the whole test platform according to the figure 1;
secondly, program configuration; in the real-time controller, a control algorithm which is theoretically derived and simulated and verified by a user and needs to be tested and verified is programmed; in a grid simulator, the output voltage u is configuredGSAnd an output impedance ZGSOutputting the traction power supply system environment required by the user; selecting a programmable electronic load according to a test working condition, selecting a programmable direct current power supply according to a traction working condition, and configuring a locomotive load required by a user according to a regenerative braking working condition;
thirdly, test operation is carried out; starting a real-time controller, and starting the system to operate in a closed-loop control mode; the operation process of the multiple parallel circuit in the starting process, the sudden change operation of the programmable load in the running process and the like are automatically carried out according to the programmed system configuration;
fourthly, adjusting parameters; in the test operation process, a user can observe the real-time dynamic of each electrical quantity of the main circuit obtained by the acquisition module and evaluate the performance of the designed control algorithm according to a set control target; for each control parameter, real-time modification can be carried out in a real-time controller RTC, then online issuing and execution are carried out, and then performance of a new control parameter is dynamically evaluated according to the collected real time;
through the repeated execution of the steps, the efficient online setting of the control parameters is realized.
In summary, the test platform for the multiple grid-side converter of the alternating-current locomotive, provided by the invention, utilizes the power grid simulator to simulate the power supply condition of the traction power supply system; a multi-winding transformer, a multiple grid-connected circuit and a multiple converter are adopted to form an AC locomotive grid-side main circuit model; simulating traction and regenerative braking loads of the alternating-current locomotive by adopting a programmable electronic load and a programmable direct-current power supply; the working state of the alternating current locomotive in the traction power supply system is obtained through the signal acquisition module and is sent to the controller; the real-time controller calculates an optimal control instruction according to the collected running state information and a designed control strategy, and sends the optimal control instruction to the converter for execution through the signal converter; the test platform provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the environment for carrying out high-efficiency test verification on the alternating-current locomotive grid-side converter control strategy is provided, and a necessary test condition basis is provided for solving the problem of grid electric matching instability when the related converter control technology is applied to an actual system;
the method for optimizing the control strategy of the alternating-current locomotive grid-side converter and adjusting the parameters of the controller does not increase any hardware investment, and can effectively improve the matching performance of the electrical load characteristic of the locomotive on the power supply condition of the traction power supply system;
the investment cost of hardware and the space cost of equipment installation are effectively reduced, and the reliability of the test system is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A test platform for a multiple network side converter of an alternating current locomotive is characterized by comprising a main circuit and a control circuit which are electrically connected with each other;
the main circuit comprises a power grid simulator, a multi-winding transformer, a multi-path grid-connected circuit, a multi-level converter and a programmable load which are electrically connected in sequence;
the control circuit comprises a real-time controller, and an acquisition module and a signal converter which are respectively electrically connected with the real-time controller;
the power grid simulator is used for bearing a power grid side circuit in the test platform and simulating a traction power supply system environment together with the multi-winding transformer; the multi-path grid-connected circuit is used for providing power supply voltage for the multiple converters; the multiplex converter provides power supply voltage for simulating a multiplex PWM rectifier; the programmable load is used for simulating the traction and regenerative braking working conditions of the locomotive;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring analog quantity electric signals of the electric information of each part of the main circuit, converting the acquired analog quantity electric signals into digital quantity electric signals and transmitting the digital quantity electric signals to the real-time controller; and the real-time controller obtains a control command based on the digital quantity electric signal and sends the control command to the multiplexing converter through the signal converter.
2. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the multiplexed converter comprises N single-phase H-bridge converter modules and/or M single-phase NPC-bridge converter modules; wherein N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6, N is an integer, M is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6, and M is an integer.
3. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the multiple grid-connected circuits comprise a plurality of groups of single-phase grid-connected circuits, each group of single-phase grid-connected circuits comprising a grid-connected main circuit breaker, a grid-connected filter circuit and a pre-charging resistor which are electrically connected in sequence;
the on-off operation of the grid-connected main circuit breaker of the multiple grid-connected circuit is used for simulating the input and the removal of the load of the alternating current locomotive, the grid-connected filter circuit is used for configuring filter parameters, the real-time controller is also used for charging the pre-charging resistor, and the multiple current transformer is started through the pre-charging resistor.
4. The test platform of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the real-time controller is further configured to control an output voltage and an output impedance of the grid simulator, such that the grid simulator can simulate traction and regenerative braking conditions.
5. The test platform of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the real-time controller is further configured to periodically control the amplitude of the output voltage, the amplitude of the input current, and the phase of the multiplexed converter.
6. The test platform as claimed in claim 5, wherein the real-time controller controls the amplitude of the output voltage, the amplitude of the input current and the phase of the multiple current transformer for a period of less than 20 microseconds.
7. The test platform of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the programmable loads comprise programmable electronic loads and programmable DC power supplies for simulating locomotive traction and regenerative braking conditions, respectively.
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| CN101453171A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-06-10 | 清华大学 | United electric energy quality controller based on series multiplex of transformer and chain type construction |
| WO2016202623A1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Fpga-based model predictive control |
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