CN110793923A - Hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on mobile phone - Google Patents
Hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on mobile phone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis system based on a mobile phone, which comprises a handheld spectrometer, a smart phone, spectrum analysis software, a cloud service platform and a model library, wherein the handheld spectrometer is connected with the smart phone through a network; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, a handheld spectrometer collects visible light-near infrared spectrum of ground objects, the collected spectrum data is led into mobile phone end spectrum analysis software, and after whether the spectrum information is correct or not is preliminarily judged, the spectrum information is selected to be stored or deleted. Next, metadata editing is performed on the saved spectrum. And finally, synchronously storing the stored spectrum and longitude and latitude coordinates of the sampling point acquired by the mobile phone to a cloud service platform, calculating the picture frame number of the sampling point through the longitude and latitude coordinates, and calling a corresponding soil component inversion model to calculate the content of the soil component. Compared with the traditional geochemical investigation means, the method saves the investigation cost, shortens the investigation period and realizes the rapid determination of the content of the soil components; the field operation is convenient; the measuring precision of the soil component content is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rapid soil information investigation method, in particular to a hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone APP, and belongs to the field of geological investigation.
Background
The existing soil information survey mainly adopts two modes of geochemistry survey and remote sensing technology survey. The geochemistry survey is to collect soil samples according to sample collection standards, and test and analyze a plurality of geochemical elements including the total content and the content of effective states so as to evaluate the soil quality. The soil quality level is evaluated by mainly investigating 54 chemical indexes and ecological effects thereof, such as nutrient elements (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, copper, zinc and the like), life and health elements (such as selenium, strontium, fluorine, iodine and the like), heavy metal pollution elements (such as mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium and arsenic) and organic pollutant content in soil. The geochemical survey has many element types and high result precision, but the survey period is long, and from sampling to sample processing to sample chemical analysis, the time of one year or even longer is needed, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are needed, and the survey cost is extremely high. Compared with a geochemistry investigation method, the remote sensing technology investigation greatly shortens the investigation period and saves the cost, but the problems of difficult data acquisition, restricted investigation result precision by various factors and the like exist, and the real requirement is difficult to meet.
With the rapid development of spectral measurement technology, more advanced spectrometers continue to emerge. Due to the diversity of soil composition substances and the unique spectral characteristics of each composition substance in the soil, the spectrum of various soils has own characteristics, and the soil spectral reflection characteristics can comprehensively reflect the physical and chemical property indexes of the soil, so that the hyperspectral technology has absolute advantages in soil research. And (3) combining geochemical measurement data, establishing a mathematical model of the content of each soil element and the spectral reflectivity by using a regression statistical method, and calling the model to calculate the collected soil spectral information so as to quickly determine the content of each nutrient in the soil. Besides directly analyzing the spectral reflectivity of the soil sample, the method can also perform mathematical change on the original data, reduce the influence of noise and background, and enhance the spectral difference of the soil sample. When the content of a certain substance component in the soil is low and no obvious absorption peak exists, the wave band with high correlation is easy to find after the reflectivity value is subjected to differential transformation. A great deal of research at home and abroad proves that a better method for inverting the content of soil components is a differential processing technology, so that the accuracy of measuring the content of soil elements can be greatly improved by modeling the result after spectral differential transformation and the content of the soil elements.
Most of the existing field spectrum acquisition equipment is oriented to scientific research, the equipment cost is high (hundreds of thousands of levels), the volume is large (thousands of levels), professional-oriented customized acquisition and analysis software is lacked, and the existing field spectrum acquisition equipment cannot be used as a business tool generally. The invention researches and develops small (mobile phone type palm equipment) spectrum acquisition equipment mainly oriented to soil rapid identification and low-cost (within ten thousand yuan), and researches and develops palm rapid spectrum acquisition equipment and matched spectrum analysis system software based on professional spectrum analysis, industrial business standards and the construction foundation of the conventional cloud platform, so as to realize quantitative inversion of the content of soil elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone.
A hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis system based on a mobile phone comprises a handheld spectrometer, a smart phone, spectrum analysis software, a cloud service platform and a model library. The handheld spectrometer is connected with a mobile phone through a MicroUSB interface, a type-c interface or a Bluetooth interface, the spectral analysis software is installed at the end of the smart phone, the end of the smart phone is connected to the cloud service platform through a mobile network, and the model library is stored in the cloud service platform.
A hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a handheld spectrometer collects visible light-near infrared spectra of ground features, the visible light-near infrared spectra of the ground features are connected with a mobile phone through a MicroUSB interface, a type-c interface or Bluetooth, collected spectral data are led into mobile phone end spectral analysis software, collected spectral curves are checked in the software, and the collected spectral data are selected to be stored or deleted after field personnel preliminarily judge whether spectral information is correct.
Secondly, editing metadata of the stored spectrum, wherein the metadata specifically comprises a collection person, collection time, collection coordinates, collection numbers and the like; meanwhile, the function of inquiring the stored spectral data based on time and number and the function of displaying the space of data acquisition point distribution are supported.
And finally, synchronously storing the stored spectrum and longitude and latitude coordinates of the sampling point acquired by the mobile phone to a cloud service platform, calculating the picture frame number of the sampling point through the longitude and latitude coordinates, and calling a corresponding soil component inversion model to calculate the content of the soil component. And the calculated result is transmitted back to the mobile phone terminal through the network, and the content of each component of the sampling point is displayed.
Wherein, the soil composition inversion model is a soil composition inversion model which is formed by the following steps of 1: the 25 ten thousand standard framing ranges are established by taking a unit, and specifically comprise the following steps: an inversion model of soil elements such as organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, selenium and the like.
The soil composition inversion model establishing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, uniformly distributing sampling points in a unit range, collecting soil spectra by using a handheld spectrometer, measuring each sample for multiple times, and measuring an average spectrum to be used as a standard spectrum of the sample. Meanwhile, the organic matter content and the like of the collected soil sample are measured by a chemical method.
Step 2, soil spectrum data processing: preprocessing the spectral curve, comprising: elimination of abnormal values, spectrum enhancement, denoising, smoothing and the like.
And 3, transformation and feature extraction of the spectral data: and finding out a spectral index sensitive to the content of the soil nutrients by using methods such as spectral differential processing, continuum removal, correlation analysis and the like for establishing a model.
Step 4, soil spectrum modeling: and establishing a hyperspectral prediction model of the soil nutrient content by adopting a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) method based on the reflectance and the correlation coefficient of the spectral characteristics of the mathematical transformation of the reflectance and the geochemical survey data of the soil sample.
The invention relates to a hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone, which has the advantages and effects that:
1. compared with the traditional geochemical investigation means, the method saves the investigation cost, shortens the investigation period and realizes the rapid determination of the content of the soil components.
2. Compared with the traditional spectrometer, the volume and the weight of the spectrometer collecting equipment are greatly reduced, and the field operation is convenient.
3. For the field of soil investigation, a software and hardware system of a complete set of flow from spectrum acquisition to data analysis and result display is established, the field workload of business personnel is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
4. Data transmission is carried out based on the mobile phone and the spectrometer, and spectrum data analysis is carried out, so that equipment cost is saved.
5. Modeling and content calculation are carried out according to the standard map framing unit, and the determination precision of the soil component content is improved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the system and method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis system based on the mobile phone of the invention comprises two parts of spectrum acquisition and spectrum analysis, and consists of a handheld spectrometer, a smart phone, spectrum analysis software, a cloud service platform and a model library. The handheld spectrometer is connected with the smart phone through a MicroUSB interface, a type-c interface or a Bluetooth interface, the spectral analysis software is installed at the end of the smart phone, the smart phone is connected to the cloud service platform through a mobile network, and the model library is stored in the cloud service platform.
A hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone comprises the following specific implementation processes:
establishing a soil composition inversion model library
Mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 1: establishing a soil nutrient model by taking 25 ten thousand standard framing ranges as units, which specifically comprises the following steps: an inversion model of soil elements such as organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, selenium and the like.
The soil composition inversion model establishing method comprises the following steps:
1. sampling points are uniformly distributed in a unit range, a handheld spectrometer is used for collecting soil spectra, and average spectra are measured for each sample for multiple times and serve as standard spectra of the samples. Meanwhile, the organic matter content and the like of the collected soil sample are measured by a chemical method.
2. And (3) soil spectrum data processing: and carrying out pretreatment such as elimination of abnormal values, spectrum enhancement, denoising, smoothing and the like on the spectral curve, eliminating background noise during measurement of the spectrometer, and restoring a real spectral curve of the soil.
3. Transformation and feature extraction of spectral data: spectral indexes (including first order differential, second order differential, reciprocal logarithmic, reciprocal first order differential, multiple scattering correction, continuum removal and the like) sensitive to the soil nutrient content are found out by using methods such as spectral differential processing, continuum removal, correlation analysis and the like for establishing a model.
4. Soil spectrum modeling: and establishing a hyperspectral prediction model of the soil nutrient content by adopting a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) method based on the reflectance and the correlation coefficient of the spectral characteristics of the mathematical transformation of the reflectance and the geochemical survey data of the soil sample.
(II) Spectrum acquisition and editing
The soil spectrum information is collected by the handheld spectrometer, and the soil spectrum data collected by the handheld spectrometer is led into the spectrum analysis software of the mobile phone end through Bluetooth or data line connection. The collected spectrum curve can be checked in the spectrum analysis software, and the spectrum curve is selected to be stored or deleted after field personnel preliminarily judge whether the spectrum information is correct. The stored spectrum can be subjected to metadata editing, including acquisition of people, acquisition time, acquisition coordinates, acquisition numbers and the like, and meanwhile, the stored spectrum data is subjected to a time and number based query function and a data acquisition point distribution space display function.
(III) spectroscopic analysis
Analyzing the stored spectrum data, transmitting the transmitted spectrum curve and longitude and latitude coordinates of the sampling point acquired by the mobile phone positioning system back to the cloud service platform through the mobile network, and calculating the position of the sampling point according to the longitude and latitude coordinates by 1: and the calculation of the map sheet number follows the basic scale topographic map sheet width and number of GB/T13989 + 2012 countries, the corresponding inversion model is called at the cloud end to carry out the interpretation of the spectral data, and the quantitative inversion result is transmitted back to the mobile phone terminal in real time.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analytic system based on cell-phone which characterized in that: the system consists of a handheld spectrometer, a smart phone, spectrum analysis software, a cloud service platform and a model library; the handheld spectrometer is connected with a mobile phone through a MicroUSB interface, a type-c interface or a Bluetooth interface, the spectral analysis software is installed at the end of the smart phone, the end of the smart phone is connected to the cloud service platform through a mobile network, and the model library is stored in the cloud service platform.
2. A hyperspectral soil data acquisition and analysis method based on a mobile phone is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a handheld spectrometer collects visible light-near infrared spectra of ground features, the visible light-near infrared spectra of the ground features are connected with a mobile phone through a MicroUSB interface, a type-c interface or a Bluetooth interface, collected spectral data are led into mobile phone end spectral analysis software, collected spectral curves are checked in the software, and the collected spectral data are selected to be stored or deleted after whether spectral information is correct or not is preliminarily judged;
secondly, editing metadata of the stored spectrum, wherein the metadata specifically comprises a collection person, collection time, collection coordinates and collection numbers; meanwhile, the functions of inquiring the stored spectral data based on time and number and displaying the space of data acquisition point distribution are supported;
finally, synchronously storing the stored spectrum and longitude and latitude coordinates of the sampling point acquired by the mobile phone to a cloud service platform, calculating an image amplitude number of the sampling point through the longitude and latitude coordinates, and calling a corresponding soil component inversion model to calculate the content of the soil component; and the calculated result is transmitted back to the mobile phone terminal through the network, and the content of each component of the sampling point is displayed.
3. The hyperspectral soil data collection and analysis method based on the mobile phone according to claim 2, characterized in that: the soil composition inversion model is characterized in that the soil composition inversion model is a soil composition inversion model based on the following formula 1: the 25 ten thousand standard framing ranges are established by taking a unit, and specifically comprise the following steps: an inversion model of soil elements such as organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, selenium and the like.
4. The hyperspectral soil data collection and analysis method based on a mobile phone according to claim 3, characterized in that: the soil composition inversion model establishing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, uniformly distributing sampling points in a unit range, collecting soil spectra by using a handheld spectrometer, measuring each sample for multiple times, and measuring an average spectrum to be used as a standard spectrum of the sample; simultaneously, measuring the organic matter content of the collected soil sample by a chemical method;
step 2, soil spectrum data processing: preprocessing the spectral curve, comprising: removing abnormal values, enhancing spectrums, and denoising and smoothing;
and 3, transformation and feature extraction of the spectral data: using spectral differential processing, continuum removal and correlation analysis methods to find out a spectral index sensitive to the soil nutrient content for establishing a model;
step 4, soil spectrum modeling: and establishing a hyperspectral prediction model of the soil nutrient content by adopting a partial least square regression method based on the reflectivity and the correlation coefficient of the spectral characteristics of the mathematical transformation of the reflectivity and the geochemical survey data of the soil sample.
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| CN111879720A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-03 | 东珠生态环保股份有限公司 | Detection system for automatic ecological restoration of soil and working method thereof |
| CN112444493A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-05 | 中科巨匠人工智能技术(广州)有限公司 | Optical detection system and device based on artificial intelligence |
| CN114018833A (en) * | 2021-11-07 | 2022-02-08 | 福建师范大学 | Method for estimating heavy metal content of soil based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology |
| CN114486786A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-13 | 上海园林绿化建设有限公司 | Soil organic matter measuring method and measuring system |
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| CN110376139A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-25 | 北京绿土科技有限公司 | Soil organic matter content quantitative inversion method based on ground high-spectrum |
| CN110376138A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-25 | 北京绿土科技有限公司 | Land quality monitoring method based on Airborne Hyperspectral |
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| CN107860473A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-30 | 暨南大学 | A kind of intelligent handhold spectrometer based on cloud data |
| CN110376139A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-25 | 北京绿土科技有限公司 | Soil organic matter content quantitative inversion method based on ground high-spectrum |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111879720A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-03 | 东珠生态环保股份有限公司 | Detection system for automatic ecological restoration of soil and working method thereof |
| CN112444493A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-05 | 中科巨匠人工智能技术(广州)有限公司 | Optical detection system and device based on artificial intelligence |
| CN112444493B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2024-01-09 | 中科巨匠人工智能技术(广州)有限公司 | Optical detection system and device based on artificial intelligence |
| CN114018833A (en) * | 2021-11-07 | 2022-02-08 | 福建师范大学 | Method for estimating heavy metal content of soil based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology |
| CN114018833B (en) * | 2021-11-07 | 2023-12-19 | 福建师范大学 | Method for estimating heavy metal content of soil based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology |
| CN114486786A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-13 | 上海园林绿化建设有限公司 | Soil organic matter measuring method and measuring system |
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