CN110793275A - Ultra-low temperature freeze dryer - Google Patents
Ultra-low temperature freeze dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793275A CN110793275A CN201910934617.3A CN201910934617A CN110793275A CN 110793275 A CN110793275 A CN 110793275A CN 201910934617 A CN201910934617 A CN 201910934617A CN 110793275 A CN110793275 A CN 110793275A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of freeze dryers, in particular to an ultralow-temperature freeze dryer which comprises a machine shell, wherein a freezing chamber is arranged at the top of the machine shell, a drying chamber is arranged above the freezing chamber, and an n-stage circulating refrigerating device is arranged in the machine shell; each stage of circulating refrigeration device comprises a refrigeration compressor, and a primary condenser, a secondary condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are sequentially connected in series on the refrigerant output end of the refrigeration compressor through pipe fittings; the evaporator on the 1 st stage circulating refrigerating device is directly connected with a refrigerating compressor; a heat exchange shell is connected between the evaporator and the refrigeration compressor on the 2 nd to the n th-stage circulating refrigeration devices, and the heat exchange shell is arranged outside the evaporator of the last-stage circulating refrigeration device; the evaporator on the nth stage circulating refrigerating device is arranged in the freezing chamber; and a cooling box is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the second-stage condenser on each stage of circulating refrigeration device. The invention has good refrigeration effect, reduces the difficulty of ultra-low temperature refrigeration, improves the energy utilization rate and is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freeze dryers, in particular to an ultralow-temperature freeze dryer.
Background
The freeze drying is a method for freezing water-containing substance into solid state, then sublimating the water content from the solid state into gaseous state, so as to remove water content and preserve the substance.
Because the market has higher and higher requirements on the refrigeration temperature of the freeze dryer, lower freeze-drying temperature is needed, the freeze dryer produced at present generally adopts a single refrigeration compressor to refrigerate, the refrigeration effect is poor, the refrigeration temperature is limited, the refrigeration difficulty of completing ultralow temperature at one time is high, in addition, the energy utilization rate is low, and resource waste is caused. Therefore, we propose an ultra-low temperature freeze dryer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of poor refrigeration effect, limited refrigeration temperature and low energy utilization rate in the prior art, and provides an ultra-low temperature freeze dryer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is designed, and comprises a machine shell, wherein a freezing chamber is arranged at the top of the machine shell, a drying chamber is arranged above the freezing chamber, n stages of circulating refrigeration devices are arranged in the machine shell, n is an integer not less than 1, and a refrigerant for circulating refrigeration for the next stage of refrigeration is arranged in the circulating refrigeration device;
each stage of the circulating refrigeration device comprises a refrigeration compressor, and a primary condenser, a secondary condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are sequentially connected in series on the refrigerant output end of the refrigeration compressor through pipe fittings;
the evaporator on the 1 st stage of the circulating refrigerating device is directly connected to the refrigerant input end of the refrigerating compressor;
the heat exchange shell is connected between the evaporator on the 2 nd to the n th stages of the circulating refrigeration device and the refrigerant input end of the refrigeration compressor through a pipe fitting, and the heat exchange shell is arranged on the outer side of the evaporator of the last stage of the circulating refrigeration device;
the evaporator on the nth stage of the circulating refrigeration device is arranged in the freezing chamber;
an air inlet valve and an air outlet pipe are arranged on the drying chamber, and a vacuum pump is connected to the air outlet pipe;
and each stage of the secondary condenser on the circulating refrigeration device is fixedly provided with a cooling box outside, the cooling box is fixedly arranged in the casing, and the cooling boxes on each stage of the circulating refrigeration device are connected in series or in parallel through pipe fittings at the output end of the vacuum pump.
Further, the n-stage circulating refrigeration device is a three-stage circulating refrigeration device.
Furthermore, the refrigerant in the 1 st and 2 nd stages of the cycle refrigeration device adopts any one of alkane refrigerants of R22, R32, R134a, R143 and R290, and the refrigerant in the 3 rd stage of the cycle refrigeration device adopts any one of alkane refrigerants of R13, R14, R23 and R170.
Furthermore, a heat dissipation plate for heat dissipation of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixedly arranged on the side portion of the machine shell, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the heat dissipation plate.
Furthermore, a control box for controlling the whole operation of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixedly arranged on the front side of the casing, and a touch screen for human-computer interaction is arranged on the control box.
Furthermore, the back of the casing is provided with an air-cooled cooler, and the primary condenser on each stage of circulating refrigeration device penetrates through the air-cooled cooler.
Furthermore, the outer sides of the cooling box, the heat exchange shell and the freezing chamber are all provided with heat insulation layers.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cooling box is provided with a drain hole, the drain hole is connected with a drain pipe, and the drain pipe timely drains water generated by the cooling box to the outside of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer.
The ultra-low temperature freeze dryer provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through multi-stage refrigeration, the upper stage circulating refrigeration device cools the refrigerant in the lower stage circulating refrigeration device step by step, so that the cooling efficiency can be effectively improved, the ultralow temperature output is finally achieved through the multi-stage cooling mode, the difficulty of completing the ultralow temperature output in one step is reduced, the secondary condenser is timely cooled by the cold air discharged from the drying chamber, the refrigeration effect of the circulating refrigeration device is further improved, the energy utilization rate is also improved, and the waste of resources is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Labeled as: the device comprises a machine shell 1, a control box 2, a refrigeration compressor 3, a primary condenser 4, a secondary condenser 5, an air-cooled cooler 6, a cooling box 7, an expansion valve 8, an evaporator 9, a heat exchange shell 10, a water discharge hole 11, a freezing chamber 12, a drying chamber 13, an air inlet valve 14, an air outlet pipe 15, a vacuum pump 16, a heat dissipation plate 17, a touch screen 18 and a water discharge pipe 19.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "provided" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The structural features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an ultra-low temperature freeze dryer, including casing 1, the top of casing 1 is equipped with freezer 12, is provided with drying chamber 13 above freezer 12, is equipped with n grades of circulation refrigerating plant in the casing 1, and n is not less than 1 integer, is equipped with the refrigerant for the refrigerated circulation refrigeration of next stage in the circulation refrigerating plant, and ultra-low temperature freeze dryer adopts multistage circulation refrigerating plant to carry out the ladder cooling to the refrigerant in at different levels, improves the cooling effect, has reduced the cooling degree of difficulty simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 3, the n-stage cycle refrigerator is a three-stage cycle refrigerator, the refrigerant in the 1 st and 2 nd stage cycle refrigerators is any one of alkane refrigerants of R22, R32, R134a, R143 and R290, the refrigerant in the 1 st and 2 nd stage cycle refrigerators is a refrigerant with a temperature range of high and low temperature, thus further improving the refrigeration effect, reducing the load of the circulating refrigeration device, saving more energy, meanwhile, the refrigerant in the 3 rd stage circulating refrigeration device adopts any one of alkane refrigerants of R13, R14, R23 and R170, the refrigerant in the 3 rd stage circulating refrigeration device adopts the refrigerant with the temperature range of ultralow temperature, so that the refrigerant which is beneficial to temperature reduction for many times can quickly enter the threshold value of the ultralow temperature, therefore, the ultra-low temperature freezing effect is further improved, and the ultra-low temperature freezing dryer can output the ultra-low temperature refrigeration temperature of-186 ℃ through three-stage refrigeration cooling.
Referring to fig. 3, each stage of circulating refrigeration device includes a refrigeration compressor 3, a first-stage condenser 4, a second-stage condenser 5, an expansion valve 8 and an evaporator 9 are sequentially connected in series on a refrigerant output end of the refrigeration compressor 3 through a pipe fitting, the refrigeration compressor 3 pressurizes the refrigerant to change the refrigerant into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is secondarily cooled through the first-stage condenser 4 and the second-stage condenser 5 in sequence to become low-temperature high-pressure liquid, the low-temperature high-pressure liquid is decompressed through the expansion valve 8 and enters the evaporator 9, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant is rapidly evaporated, absorbed and refrigerated in the evaporator 9, and the circulating refrigerant in the previous stage of circulating refrigeration device is cooled.
Referring to fig. 3, an evaporator 9 on the 1 st-stage circulating refrigeration device is directly connected to a refrigerant input end of a refrigeration compressor 3, a heat exchange shell 10 is connected between the evaporator 9 on the 2 nd and 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration devices and the refrigerant input end of the refrigeration compressor 3 through pipe fittings, the heat exchange shell 10 is arranged outside the evaporator 9 of the last-stage circulating refrigeration device, the evaporator 9 on the 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration device is arranged in a freezing chamber 12, after the refrigerant in the circulating refrigeration device enters the evaporator 9, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is quickly evaporated and absorbs heat in the evaporator 9, the heat exchange shell 10 on the 2 nd-stage circulating refrigeration device realizes that the evaporator 9 in the 1 st-stage circulating refrigeration device cools the refrigerant in the 2 nd-stage circulating refrigeration device, and the heat exchange shell 10 on the 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration device realizes that the evaporator 9 in the 2 nd-stage circulating refrigeration device further cools the refrigerant in the 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration device, evaporator 9 in the 3 rd cycle refrigeration system directly lowers the temperature of freezing chamber 12, and dries the interior of drying chamber 13 at a low temperature in a state where the temperature in freezing chamber 12 is rapidly brought to an ultra-low temperature.
Referring to fig. 3, an air inlet valve 14 and an air outlet pipe 15 are arranged on the drying chamber 13, a vacuum pump 16 is connected on the air outlet pipe 15, a cooling box 7 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the second-stage condenser 5 on each stage of circulating refrigeration device, the cooling box 7 is fixedly arranged inside the casing 1, the cooling boxes 7 on each stage of circulating refrigeration device are connected in series or in parallel on the output end of the vacuum pump 16 through pipe fittings, when the drying chamber 13 is subjected to freeze drying, the inside of the drying chamber 13 is in a vacuum state, the vacuum pump 16 is arranged to pump air in the drying chamber 13 to form a vacuum state in the drying chamber 13, during the drying process, moisture in frozen articles is directly gasified into steam which is pumped out by the vacuum pump 16, the pumped low-temperature steam flows through the inside of the cooling box 7 and takes away heat dissipated from the second-stage condenser 5, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation effect of, the energy waste is reduced, and the refrigeration effect of the circulating refrigeration device can be further improved by arranging the secondary condenser 5 and the cooling box 7 outside the secondary condenser 5.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an air-cooled cooler 6 is provided at the back of the casing 1, and a first-stage condenser 4 of each stage of the circulating refrigeration device is penetratingly provided in the air-cooled cooler 6. The primary condenser 4 is cooled by air, and the secondary condenser 5 is used for heat exchange and heat dissipation by using residual cold in water vapor, so that the rate of the refrigerant in the circulating refrigeration device becoming low-temperature high-pressure liquid is effectively increased.
Referring to fig. 3, the bottom of the cooling box 7 is provided with a drain hole 11, the drain hole 11 is connected with a drain pipe 19, the drain pipe 19 timely drains water generated by the cooling box 7 to the outside of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer, and the drain hole 11 is used for timely draining water generated by heat exchange of the cooling box 7.
Further, the outer sides of the cooling box 7, the heat exchange shell 10 and the freezing chamber 12 are provided with heat insulation layers, the heat insulation layers play a role in providing good heat insulation effects for the cooling box 7, the heat exchange shell 10 and the freezing chamber 12, heat exchange between the cooling box 7, the heat exchange shell 10 and the freezing chamber 12 and external connection is avoided, energy waste is reduced, and energy is saved.
Referring to fig. 1, a heat dissipation plate 17 for dissipating heat of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixedly disposed at a side portion of the casing 1, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are disposed on the heat dissipation plate 17.
Referring to fig. 1, a control box 2 for controlling the operation of the whole ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixedly arranged at the front side of a casing 1, and a touch screen 18 for human-computer interaction is arranged on the control box 2.
Specifically, the refrigeration compressor 3 pressurizes the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant is changed into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is subjected to secondary cooling through the first-stage condenser 4 and the second-stage condenser 5 in sequence to become low-temperature high-pressure liquid, the low-temperature high-pressure liquid is subjected to pressure reduction through the expansion valve 8 and enters the evaporator 9, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant is subjected to rapid evaporation, heat absorption and refrigeration in the evaporator 9, the evaporator 9 on the 1 st-stage circulating refrigeration device cools the refrigerant in the 2 nd-stage circulating refrigeration device, the evaporator 9 on the 2 nd-stage circulating refrigeration device cools the refrigerant in the 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration device again, the evaporator 9 on the 3 rd-stage circulating refrigeration device directly cools the freezing chamber 12, so that the freezing chamber 12 is cooled to an ultralow-temperature state, the freezing chamber 12 in the ultralow-temperature state dries the drying chamber 13, and the freeze drying efficiency of the freeze.
In summary, the present invention utilizes multi-stage refrigeration, the previous stage of circulating refrigeration device cools the refrigerant in the next stage of circulating refrigeration device, and the temperature is gradually reduced in a step-type manner, so as to effectively improve the cooling efficiency, finally achieve ultra-low temperature output in a multi-stage cooling manner, reduce the difficulty of completing ultra-low temperature output in one step, and dissipate heat in time for the second stage condenser by the cold air discharged from the drying chamber, further improve the refrigeration effect of the circulating refrigeration device, and simultaneously improve the utilization rate of energy, and reduce the waste of resources. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer comprises a machine shell (1), wherein a freezing chamber (12) is arranged at the top of the machine shell (1), and a drying chamber (13) is arranged above the freezing chamber (12), and is characterized in that n stages of circulating refrigeration devices are arranged in the machine shell (1), n is an integer not less than 1, and a refrigerant for circulating refrigeration for the next stage of refrigeration is arranged in the circulating refrigeration devices;
each stage of the circulating refrigeration device comprises a refrigeration compressor (3), and a primary condenser (4), a secondary condenser (5), an expansion valve (8) and an evaporator (9) are sequentially connected in series on the refrigerant output end of the refrigeration compressor (3) through pipe fittings;
an evaporator (9) on the 1 st stage of the circulating refrigeration device is directly connected to a refrigerant input end of a refrigeration compressor (3);
a heat exchange shell (10) is connected between an evaporator (9) on the 2 nd to the n th stages of the circulating refrigeration device and the refrigerant input end of the refrigeration compressor (3) through a pipe fitting, and the heat exchange shell (10) is arranged on the outer side of the evaporator (9) of the previous stage of the circulating refrigeration device;
an evaporator (9) on the nth stage of the circulating refrigeration device is arranged in the freezing chamber (12);
an air inlet valve (14) and an air outlet pipe (15) are arranged on the drying chamber (13), and a vacuum pump (16) is connected to the air outlet pipe (15);
each stage the second grade condenser (5) outside on the circulating refrigeration device all fixedly is equipped with cooler bin (7), cooler bin (7) are fixed to be set up in the inside of casing (1), on each stage circulating refrigeration device the cooler bin (7) between establish ties or connect in parallel through the pipe fitting on the output of vacuum pump (16).
2. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1 wherein the n-stage cycle refrigeration unit is a three-stage cycle refrigeration unit.
3. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant in the 1 st and 2 nd stage circulating refrigeration devices is any one of alkane refrigerants of R22, R32, R134a, R143 and R290, and the refrigerant in the 3 rd stage circulating refrigeration device is any one of alkane refrigerants of R13, R14, R23 and R170.
4. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation plate (17) for dissipating heat of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixed on a side portion of the casing (1), and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed on the heat dissipation plate (17).
5. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that a control box (2) for controlling the operation of the whole ultra-low temperature freeze dryer is fixedly arranged at the front side of the casing (1), and a touch screen (18) for human-computer interaction is arranged on the control box (2).
6. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1, wherein the back of the casing (1) is provided with an air-cooled cooler (6), and the primary condenser (4) of each stage of the circulating refrigeration device is arranged in the air-cooled cooler (6) in a penetrating way.
7. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1, wherein the cooling chamber (7), the heat exchange housing (10) and the freezing chamber (12) are provided with insulation on the outside.
8. An ultra-low temperature freeze dryer according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the bottom of the cooling box (7) is provided with a drain hole (11), the drain hole (11) is connected with a drain pipe (19), and the drain pipe (19) drains the water generated by the cooling box (7) to the outside of the ultra-low temperature freeze dryer in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910934617.3A CN110793275A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Ultra-low temperature freeze dryer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910934617.3A CN110793275A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Ultra-low temperature freeze dryer |
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| CN110793275A true CN110793275A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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| CN201910934617.3A Pending CN110793275A (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Ultra-low temperature freeze dryer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112629170A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 上海大晶实业发展有限公司 | Large-scale freezing type dryer |
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2019
- 2019-09-29 CN CN201910934617.3A patent/CN110793275A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112629170A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 上海大晶实业发展有限公司 | Large-scale freezing type dryer |
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