CN110793149B - Air conditioning system and refrigerant quantity and water flow regulating method thereof - Google Patents
Air conditioning system and refrigerant quantity and water flow regulating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793149B CN110793149B CN201911128905.6A CN201911128905A CN110793149B CN 110793149 B CN110793149 B CN 110793149B CN 201911128905 A CN201911128905 A CN 201911128905A CN 110793149 B CN110793149 B CN 110793149B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
Abstract
The invention discloses an air conditioning system and a method for adjusting the refrigerant quantity and water flow of the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system is provided with two parallel refrigerant channels on the outdoor heat exchanger, wherein a first flow valve and a second flow valve are respectively arranged at two ends of one refrigerant channel. The method for adjusting the amount of the refrigerant comprises the following steps: and adjusting the refrigerant quantity of the system by controlling the opening or closing of two flow valves arranged on the outdoor heat exchanger according to the load change of the tail end heat exchanger. The invention can dynamically adjust the refrigerant quantity and the water flow in real time according to the load change, well solves the problem of refrigerant quantity mismatching under the variable load working condition of the air conditioner water machine, can reduce the time delay of system control, and increases the economical efficiency of the system control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to an air conditioning system and a method for adjusting the refrigerant quantity and water flow of the air conditioning system.
Background
The existing air water conditioner takes constant temperature difference as a control scheme, and due to the fact that the distance exists between the temperature collecting point and the tail end heat exchange equipment, time delay is easy to generate in control time, the system adjusting mode under the condition of load change is difficult to adapt, and the timeliness of adjustment is affected. Meanwhile, refrigerant systems of the air conditioner are quantitative, and the refrigerant quantity of the system is matched according to rated load. However, the end load varies during actual operation, and the operation using a large amount of refrigerant at low load increases the cost of system operation. In addition, the quantity of the refrigerant required by different operating frequencies of the system under different load requirements is also dynamically changed, and the economic benefit of the system is increased if the quantity of the refrigerant can be controlled according to the load requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an air conditioning system and a refrigerant quantity and water flow adjusting method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the conventional air conditioning system cannot adjust the refrigerant quantity and the water flow of a user side in time according to the load change of the user side.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for adjusting the refrigerant quantity of an air conditioner in real time, which comprises the following steps: and adjusting the refrigerant quantity of the system by controlling the opening or closing of two flow valves arranged on the outdoor heat exchanger according to the load change of the tail end heat exchanger.
Preferably, the adjustment of the refrigerant amount is calculated according to the following formula:
Ｑ=βMrefrigerant(ii) a Wherein, beta is a refrigerant correction coefficient, beta = | TValve 1- TValve 2|/△TValve with a valve body；
MRefrigerantThe quality of the refrigerant; t isValve 1Is the first flow valve opening time; t isValve 2The second flow valve opening time;
△Tvalve with a valve bodyIs a set value.
Preferably, the refrigerant amount adjusting step is as follows:
when Q is full, β =1, the first and second flow valves are open simultaneously;
when the load is reduced, the second flow valve is closed firstly, then the first flow valve is closed, and partial refrigerant is stored in the outdoor heat exchanger;
when the load is increased, the first flow valve and the second flow valve are opened simultaneously, and the refrigerant stored in the outdoor heat exchanger is released.
The invention also includes adjusting the water flow according to the water side heat exchanger load Q, the adjustment amount is calculated according to the following formula:
Ｑ＝ｃρ（Ｇ0+Ｇsupplement device）（ｔ２－ｔ１) Wherein, in the step (A),
c is the specific heat capacity of water; ρ is the density of water; g is the volume flow of water; gSupplement deviceIs the change of water flow;
ｔ１the refrigeration is the water supply temperature, and the heating is the water return temperature; t is t２Heating is water supply temperature, and cooling is water return temperature.
The invention also provides an air conditioning system which comprises the outdoor heat exchanger and the water side heat exchanger, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger is provided with two parallel refrigerant channels, and a first flow valve and a second flow valve are respectively arranged at two ends of one refrigerant channel.
In one embodiment, the water side heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the plurality of end heat exchangers through a pipeline, and a variable frequency water pump is arranged on the pipeline. The terminal heat exchanger comprises a fan coil and/or a floor heating system. And two ends of the tail end heat exchanger are also connected with a bypass in parallel, and a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass. An auxiliary heat source is also arranged on the pipeline. The outdoor heat exchanger adopts a finned heat exchanger.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can adjust the refrigerant circulation quantity of the system by opening and closing the flow valve, adapts to the real-time dynamic change of the terminal load and enhances the energy-saving property of the system operation.
2. The invention can adjust the water flow in real time according to the load, dynamically balance the relation between the load and the water flow, reduce the time delay generated by a constant water flow and constant temperature difference control water system, more accurately control the water temperature and improve the comfort of users.
3. The invention improves the capability of the air conditioning unit to adapt to different load working conditions by a combination mode of variable refrigerant quantity and water flow.
4. The invention adds the flow valve on the basis of the original system, has simple structure, does not need to be provided with a liquid storage tank and reduces the equipment cost of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an air conditioning system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the following specific examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The air conditioner refrigerant circulation volume and water flow adjusting scheme provided by the invention can dynamically change the refrigerant volume of the system in real time by controlling the opening and closing time of the flow valve according to different loads, thereby realizing the perfect matching of the loads and the refrigerant volume. Meanwhile, the invention can also adjust the water flow at the tail end of the air conditioner, dynamically balance the relation between the load and the water flow, reduce the time delay generated by a constant water flow and water temperature difference control water system and improve the accuracy of water temperature control.
As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioning system of the present invention includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an electronic expansion valve 4, and a water-side heat exchanger 5. In this embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger is a fin heat exchanger.
The outdoor heat exchanger is provided with two parallel refrigerant channels, wherein a first flow valve 31 and a second flow valve 32 are respectively arranged at two ends of one refrigerant channel.
The water side heat exchanger is connected with the plurality of tail end heat exchangers in parallel through pipelines, and the pipelines are provided with variable frequency water pumps 6 and auxiliary heat sources 7. The auxiliary electric heating function is to heat the water temperature by using an auxiliary heat source when the ambient temperature is too low and the refrigeration energy efficiency of the compressor is low and the water temperature does not meet the requirement. The terminal heat exchanger comprises a fan coil 8 and/or a floor heating 9. Both ends of the tail end heat exchanger are also connected with a bypass in parallel, and a bypass valve 10 is arranged on the bypass. The bypass functions to bypass chilled water when the water temperature is satisfactory when the compressor is operating at the lowest frequency.
During the refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor exchanges heat with the chilled water in the water side heat exchanger 5 after passing through the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve, and then returns to the compressor for circulation. The chilled water flows to the tail end heat exchanger through the variable frequency water pump 6 and the liquid separator 11, and then returns to the water side heat exchanger through the liquid collector 12 for circulation.
The method for adjusting the refrigerant quantity of the air conditioner in real time comprises the following steps: and adjusting the refrigerant quantity of the air conditioning system by adjusting a flow valve arranged on the outdoor heat exchanger according to the load change of the tail end heat exchanger.
The adjusting method provided by the invention also comprises the step of adjusting the water flow of the water side heat exchanger according to the load of the tail end heat exchanger.
The principle of the variable water flow control is as follows:
the cold quantity and the heat quantity transferred by the cold water or the hot water discharged by the air conditioner are equal to the cold load or the heat load required by the tail end heat exchanger. Namely, the load of the water side heat exchanger is:
Ｑ0＝ｃρＧ（ｔ２－ｔ１） ①
wherein:
q is the load required by the user end heat exchanger; c is the specific heat capacity of water; ρ is the density of water; g is the volume flow of water; t is t１The refrigeration is the water supply temperature, and the heating is the water return temperature; t is t２Heating is water supply temperature, and cooling is water return temperature.
The load on the end heat exchanger side was: q0=αＱMain unitWherein, in the step (A),
alpha is the service load rate of the end heat exchanger, and the invention summarizes the calculation formula as follows according to the experiment:
α=∑Wi*Ti/ W；Ti=|Tpractice of-TIs provided with|/△T ②
② in the formula, WiCold load turned on for a single end heat exchanger (load marked on the end heat exchanger nameplate, not actual load); w is the total cooling load with all end heat exchangers open, i.e. all endsRated cold loadAnd (4) summing.
Ti is an empirical formula summarized by the invention, wherein DeltaT is set according to experimental tests and local temperature, if the local four-season ring temperature is high, a small point can be set, and if the local four-season ring temperature is low, a large point can be set.
TPractice ofIs the actual temperature of the room; t isIs provided withThe set temperature for the room.
The present invention controls the change in water flow rate by the load required by the room.
C rho G (t) is formed by combining the first and the second２－ｔ１）=αＱMain unitIt is known that only G is a variable unknown, i.e. the water flow is controlled by this formula. From equation 2 we can ensureThe end load amount needed by the room is determined, and a temperature difference of water supply and return is determined by the formula I. The temperature difference of the water supply and the water return can be set to different values according to actual conditions.
The water flow and the terminal load amount form a definite linear relation according to the above formula.
When the load changes, the temperature rise or temperature drop caused by the water supply pipeline is increased by a supplementary water amount GSupplement deviceTo compensate for the load loss in the water circuit.
ＱGeneral assembly＝ｃρ（Ｇ+ＧSupplement device）（ｔ２－ｔ１） ③
By the above formula, the variable water flow control can be performed according to the end load.
According to the technical scheme, the water quantity is regulated through the variable frequency water pump, the water tank does not need to be additionally arranged, and the control accuracy is high.
The control principle of the variable refrigerant quantity is as follows:
the refrigerant quantity can be controlled while the water flow is changed, and the refrigerant quantity is determined according to the terminal load.
ＱGeneral assembly=βMRefrigerant；β=|TValve 1- TValve 2|/△T Valve with a valve body④
In the formula, beta is a refrigerant correction coefficient, and a calculation formula is determined through experiments;
MrefrigerantThe quality of the refrigerant;
Tvalve 1Is the opening time of the first flow valve, TValve 2The opening time of the second flow valve;
△Tvalve with a valve bodyIs a default value, can be set according to experimental test results, and can be set as an open value.
Q in formula IVGeneral assemblyAnd the cold load in the formula (iii) is equal.
The formula (IV) shows that the refrigerant and the load are in a linear relation, for example, the refrigerating capacity of 20kw uses 8kg refrigerant; 9.2kg of refrigerant is used for the cooling capacity of 25 kw.
When the air conditioning unit is started, there is a QGeneral assemblyValue, a detection time can be setWhen Q is detected once in 1minGeneral assemblyWhen changed, passes through beta MRefrigerantThe amount of refrigerant is adjusted.
The refrigerant quantity adjusting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of:
when Q is full, β =1, the first and second flow valves are open simultaneously;
when the load is reduced, the second flow valve is closed firstly, then the first flow valve is closed, and partial refrigerant is stored in the outdoor heat exchanger;
when the load is increased, the first flow valve and the second flow valve are opened simultaneously, and the refrigerant stored in the outdoor heat exchanger is released.
When Q is full load, β =1, the first flow rate valve 31 and the second flow rate valve 32 are simultaneously opened (it is detected that both valves are simultaneously opened during time t), and at this time, all fin heat exchangers are simultaneously put into use, which is also a state where the system refrigerant amount is the largest.
When the load is reduced and the refrigerant needs to be stored, the second flow valve 32 is closed first, and then the first flow valve 31 is closed, | TValve 1- TValve 2And | is the time difference between the closing of the two flow valves.
When the load increases, the refrigerant needs to be released, and the first flow valve 31 and the second flow valve 32 are simultaneously opened. When the flow valve is closed again, the second flow valve 32 is closed first, then the first flow valve 31 is closed, and the cold is cooled again
The media is stored. If the flow valve 32 is opened first, the refrigerant may not be released due to the large external pressure.
The | T valve 1-T valve 2| is the time difference between the closing of the two flow valves.
When the load is small, part of the flow paths in the outdoor heat exchanger are closed, so that the adjustment and control of the variable refrigerant quantity can be realized according to the load under different working conditions, and the economical efficiency of system operation is improved.
The adjustment scheme that this application provided can adjust the refrigerant alone, also can adjust discharge and refrigerant simultaneously. Meanwhile, the adjustment strategy is to determine the cold load, adjust the water flow according to the cold load and finally adjust the refrigerant quantity according to the cold load.
The scheme provided by the invention can dynamically adjust the refrigerant quantity and the water flow in real time according to the load change, well solves the problem of refrigerant quantity mismatching under the variable load working condition of the air-conditioning water machine, can reduce the time delay of system control, and increases the economy of the system control.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalents and changes made within the spirit and framework of the inventive concept are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A real-time adjustment method for air conditioner refrigerant quantity and water flow is characterized in that the capacity of an air conditioning unit for adapting to different load working conditions is improved through a combination mode of variable refrigerant quantity and/or variable water flow, and meanwhile, the adjustment strategy is that the water flow is adjusted according to a cold load firstly, and then the refrigerant quantity is adjusted according to the cold load, and the adjustment of the refrigerant quantity comprises the following steps: according to the load change of the tail end heat exchanger, the refrigerant quantity of the system is adjusted by controlling the opening or closing of a first flow valve and a second flow valve which are respectively arranged at the two ends of one refrigerant channel of two parallel refrigerant channels in the outdoor heat exchanger,
the adjustment of the refrigerant quantity is calculated according to the following formula:
Ｑ=βMrefrigerant(ii) a Wherein, beta is a refrigerant correction coefficient, beta = | TValve 1- TValve 2|/△TValve with a valve body；
MRefrigerantThe quality of the refrigerant; t isValve 1Is the first flow valve opening time; t isValve 2The second flow valve opening time;
△Tvalve with a valve bodyIs a set value.
2. The adjusting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refrigerant quantity adjusting step is as follows:
when Q is full, β =1, the first and second flow valves are open simultaneously;
when the load is reduced, the second flow valve is closed firstly, then the first flow valve is closed, and partial refrigerant is stored in the outdoor heat exchanger.
3. The method of regulating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of regulation of the water flow rate based on the water side heat exchanger load Q is calculated as follows:
Ｑ＝ｃρ（Ｇ+Ｇsupplement device）（ｔ２－ｔ1）=αＱMain unit，
α=∑Wi*Ti/ W；Ti=|TPractice of-TIs provided withI/. DELTA.T, wherein:
c is the specific heat capacity of water; ρ is the density of water; g is the volume flow of water; gSupplement deviceIs the change of water flow; t is t1The refrigeration is the water supply temperature, and the heating is the water return temperature; t is t２Heating is water supply temperature, and cooling is water return temperature;
alpha is the end heat exchanger utilization load factor, WiA cold load that is turned on for a single end heat exchanger; w is the total cooling load with all end heat exchangers on, TPractice ofIs the actual temperature of the room; t isIs provided withThe set temperature of the room and Δ T is the set value.
4. An air conditioning system using the adjusting method of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising an outdoor heat exchanger and a water side heat exchanger, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger is provided with two parallel refrigerant channels, a first flow valve and a second flow valve are respectively arranged at two ends of one refrigerant channel, the water side heat exchanger is connected with a plurality of terminal heat exchangers in parallel through pipelines, and variable frequency water pumps are arranged on the pipelines.
5. The air conditioning system of claim 4, wherein the terminal heat exchanger comprises a fan coil and/or a floor heating.
6. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a bypass is connected in parallel to both ends of the terminal heat exchanger, and a bypass valve is provided on the bypass.
7. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 4, wherein an auxiliary heat source is further provided on the duct.
8. The air conditioning system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger is a fin type heat exchanger.
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| JPH07332739A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Air conditioner |
| JPH10205900A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-08-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Multi-type air-conditioner |
| CN106801920A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-06 | 海信科龙电器股份有限公司 | A kind of recuperated cycle system and its control method, air-conditioning |
| CN109237713B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-06-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Water multi-connected unit operation control method and device, medium and water multi-connected air conditioning system |
| CN109959073A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air-conditioning system and its operation method |
| CN110274361B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-09-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Water multi-connected air conditioning system and control method of variable-frequency water pump thereof |
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