CN110792678A - Structure for preventing nut from loosening - Google Patents
Structure for preventing nut from loosening Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110792678A CN110792678A CN201911097679.XA CN201911097679A CN110792678A CN 110792678 A CN110792678 A CN 110792678A CN 201911097679 A CN201911097679 A CN 201911097679A CN 110792678 A CN110792678 A CN 110792678A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- nut
- concave
- convex
- fastening
- locknut
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Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
- F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
Abstract
A structure for preventing a nut from loosening comprises a fastening screw, a fastening nut, a concave-convex washer, a locknut or a lockbolt; after the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer and the locknut or the lockbolt are installed and screwed, the three parts are meshed into a linkage body, the fastening screw rod is provided with two diameters with different sizes, the fastening nut is matched with the large diameter, the threads are all positive screw threads, the locknut is matched with the small diameter, and the threads are all reverse screw threads; the interlocking structure of the linkage body and the thread reverse thread has permanent anti-loosening effect, easy processing, simple installation and low manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical equipment parts, and particularly relates to a structure for preventing a nut from loosening.
Background
On various transport vehicles and various mechanical equipment, a great number of bolt and nut parts are used, and after the nuts are required to be fastened at important positions or closed positions, no matter the nuts are impacted by external force, violent vibration, large-amplitude change of natural temperature and other factors, loosening can not occur, particularly high-speed trains and large-scale mechanical equipment. If the nut is loosened and not fastened in time, mechanical failure can be caused if the nut is loosened, and equipment damage and casualties can be caused if the nut is loosened and fastened if the nut is not tightened in time. In order to ensure that nuts of important parts of mechanical equipment are not loosened in use, the parts need to adopt nut anti-loosening measures so as to ensure the normal operation of vehicles and equipment. The used nut anti-loosening method comprises a friction anti-loosening method, such as adding an elastic cushion, butting nuts, nylon ring locking nuts and the like, and the method is simple and easy to implement, but has poor reliability; the locking effect of the measures does not meet the requirement that the threads are not loosened, and the nut has loosening allowance; and the screw thread pair is damaged to prevent the nut from loosening, and the disposable method is not suitable for common use. The eccentric wedge-shaped locknut assembly is used for compressing and locking an eccentric wedge-shaped nut by using a matched nut, has a lasting and good locking effect, cannot be loosened in the use of a fastening nut, and is used on a high-speed train in China. However, the equipment for processing the locknut needs to be high-end, the technical requirement of an operator is high, the manufacturing difficulty is high, the number indicates that the locknut cannot be processed on a drawing, and the processing difficulty is high; the price is expensive when buying import. With the rapid development of high-speed trains in China and the digging of the manufacturing industry of large-scale mechanical equipment, more and more parts needing to adopt non-loose nuts are adopted. The design of a nut anti-loose structure with lasting anti-loose, simple structure, easy processing and low cost is an urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
The structure of the invention can solve the problem that the nut loosens in the operation of mechanical equipment, and is a nut loosening prevention structure with simple structure, easy processing and lasting good loosening prevention effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the structure for preventing the nut from loosening consists of a fastening screw rod, a fastening nut, a concave-convex washer, a locknut or a lockbolt. The fastening screw rod is provided with two diameters with different sizes, the screw threads of the screw threads with different diameters are opposite, the diameter matched with the fastening nut is large, and the screw threads are both positive screw threads; the diameter of the anti-loose nut is reduced by about 2 mm, and the threads are all reverse threads. The inner surface of the fastening nut is pressed on the equipment part, and a plurality of concave grooves which are radially and uniformly distributed and take the central point of the nut as the center are arranged on the other outward surface of the fastening nut. One surface of the concave-convex gasket is a concave groove, and the other surface of the concave-convex gasket is a convex platform. The surface of the locknut, which is pressed against the concave-convex washer, is also provided with a convex platform. The bosses and the grooves on the concave-convex washer and the bosses on the locknut are the same as the grooves of the fastening nut in quantity, size, shape and radial uniform distribution. After the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer and the locknut are assembled and screwed, the boss of the concave-convex washer is meshed in the groove of the fastening nut, the boss on the locknut is meshed in the groove of the concave-convex washer, and the three parts are meshed into a linkage body.
For the fastening screw with larger diameter, a check bolt structure can be adopted to prevent the fastening nut from loosening. The method is characterized in that an inner threaded hole with a diameter suitable for calculation is machined on the axis of the outer end head of a fastening screw, the thread of the inner threaded hole is a reverse screw thread, a bolt matched with the inner thread and the reverse screw thread is machined, the size of the hexagonal end head of the bolt is the same as that of a fastening nut, and a pressing surface of the anti-loosening bolt is provided with convex platforms, and the number, size, shape and radial distribution of the convex platforms are also the same as those of the fastening nut. After the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer and the anti-loose bolt are screwed, the boss of the concave-convex washer is meshed with the groove of the fastening nut; the boss of the locking bolt pressing surface is meshed with the groove of the concave-convex gasket, and the three parts are meshed into a linkage body in the same way.
If the fastening screw and the fastening nut assembly are used at the same position with large batch, after several relevant sizes are calculated, the concave-convex washer and the locknut or the lockbolt can be manufactured into an integral part, and the pressing surface of the integral part is provided with the boss.
When equipment is assembled, the fastening screw and the fastening nut are used for fastening parts of the equipment, the side, with the groove, of the fastening nut faces outwards, the side, with the boss, of the concave-convex gasket faces the side, facing the groove of the fastening nut, of the fastening screw in a sleeved mode, the side, with the boss, of the anti-loose nut faces the groove of the concave-convex gasket and is screwed on a screw rod, with the diameter reduced by about 2 millimeters, of which the thread is screwed and the fastening nut are opposite. After the anti-loosening nut is screwed down, the boss of the concave-convex gasket and the groove of the fastening nut are respectively meshed together. The fastening screw with the larger diameter is also the same in installation, the fastening nut is installed firstly, the face, with the groove, of the fastening nut faces outwards, the face, with the boss, of the concave-convex washer faces the groove of the fastening nut, and is sleeved on the fastening screw, the anti-loosening bolt is tightened in the inner threaded hole, and after the anti-loosening bolt is tightened, the boss of the concave-convex washer and the groove of the fastening nut, and the boss of the anti-loosening bolt and the groove of the concave-convex washer are meshed together respectively.
Prevent that nut not hard up's structure from adopting the back on equipment, when the equipment operation appears making fastening nut not hard up the factor, fastening nut will anticlockwise rotate not hard up, because in the recess on the fastening nut, sticis the boss of unsmooth packing ring, fastening nut just will take unsmooth packing ring anticlockwise rotation together like this, and in the recess of unsmooth packing ring another side, still sticis locknut's boss, unsmooth packing ring will take locknut anticlockwise rotation together again, only these three parts have all produced anticlockwise rotation, fastening nut can not hard up. However, the thread of the locknut is opposite to the thread of the fastening nut, the locknut rotates in a tighter direction due to the counterclockwise rotation, and the locknut is screwed to the proper position and is fixed to rotate, so that the fastening nut rotates counterclockwise and is not loosened due to the fixed rotation under the resistance action. When the locknut is loosened, the locknut rotates clockwise, the boss of the compression surface of the locknut is meshed with the groove of the concave-convex washer, the concave-convex washer is driven to rotate clockwise during rotation, the boss of the concave-convex washer is compressed in the groove of the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer drives the fastening nut to rotate clockwise, and the locknut can be loosened only when the three parts rotate clockwise; the fastening nut is screwed down clockwise, and the fastening nut is screwed down in place, so that the driving force drives the fastening nut to rotate clockwise, the locknut rotates clockwise, and the locknut cannot loosen without rotating. The interlocking device has the advantages that the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer and the locknut or the lockbolt are meshed into the interlocking body, and the interlocking structure of the positive thread and the negative thread ensures that the fastening nut cannot be loosened under the condition of non-manual disassembly due to the influence of any other factors. The same effect is achieved by the locking bolt.
The fastening nut and the locknut are meshed into a linkage body in a groove boss mode; the opposite rotation directions of the positive screw thread and the negative screw thread of the screw thread are utilized to generate resistance to loosening rotation, so that the positive screw thread and the negative screw thread cannot rotate and loosen. The structure for preventing the nut from loosening is novel and unique, has permanent effect, is easy to process and simple to install, and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a structure 1 for preventing loosening of a nut;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a nut loosening prevention feature 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the radial distribution of the concave-convex gasket groove bosses;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a concave-convex gasket groove boss.
Wherein: 1. fastening screw, 2, fastening nut, 3, unsmooth packing ring, 4, locknut, 5, lockbolt.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the outer diameter of the fastening screw 1 has two diameters with different sizes, and the fastening nut 2 is matched with the large diameter, and the threads are all positive threads; the diameter of the locknut 4 is about 2 mm smaller, and the threads are all reverse threads. When the fastening screw 1 is machined, the size of the fastening nut 2 fastened in place on the fastening screw 1 is calculated, a margin of about 3 mm is left, and then the reverse-threading thread with the diameter reduced by about 2 mm is machined. The thickness of the concave-convex washer 3, which is determined by calculation when designing the fastening screw 1, is approximately 6 mm or so. The groove on the fastening nut 2, the boss on the locknut 4, the boss on the lockbolt 5 and the groove boss on the concave-convex washer 3 are all formed by adopting die precision forging, and the precision forging blank is processed in the aspects of thread screw thread, corner size, shape and the like. As shown in fig. 2, the fastening screw 1 has a large diameter, and a calculated female screw hole is formed on the axial center line of the end thereof, and a mating lock bolt 5 is formed.
If the fastening screw 1 and the fastening nut 2 are used in the same position in a large scale, the concave-convex washer 3 and the locknut 4 or the lockbolt 5 can be manufactured into an integral part through calculating the relevant size, and a boss is arranged on the compression surface of the locknut or the lockbolt.
When the device is installed, the device parts are fastened by the fastening screw rod 1 and the fastening nut 2, and the side, with the groove, of the fastening nut 2 is required to face outwards. And then the surface of the concave-convex gasket 3 with the boss faces the fastening nut 2 and is sleeved on the fastening screw rod 1, the surface of the locknut 4 with the boss faces the concave-convex gasket 3 and is screwed at the small-diameter part of the fastening screw rod 1, the concave-convex gasket 3 is pressed and then screwed in place, the boss of the concave-convex gasket 3 is meshed in the groove of the fastening nut 2, and the boss of the locknut 4 is meshed in the groove of the concave-convex gasket 3. If the check bolt 5 is used, after the check bolt 5 is screwed, the boss of the pressing surface on the check bolt 5 is meshed in the groove of the concave-convex gasket 3, namely after the three parts are screwed in place, the three parts are meshed into a linkage body.
The structure for preventing the nut from loosening has permanent anti-loosening effect, simple structure, easy processing, convenient installation and low manufacturing cost, and can be used on various vehicles and mechanical equipment in a matching way.
Claims (5)
1. A structure for preventing a nut from loosening comprises a fastening screw, a fastening nut, a concave-convex washer, a locknut or a lockbolt; the locking device comprises a fastening nut, a concave-convex washer and a locknut or a lockbolt, wherein after the fastening nut, the concave-convex washer and the locknut or the lockbolt are installed and screwed down, a boss of the concave-convex washer is meshed in a groove of the fastening nut, a boss on the locknut or the lockbolt is meshed in a groove of the concave-convex washer, and three parts are meshed into a linkage body.
2. The structure for preventing loosening of a nut as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fastening screw rod is provided with two diameters with different sizes, and the thread threads on the different diameters are opposite; the diameter of the screw thread matched with the fastening nut is large, the screw thread is a positive screw thread, the diameter of the screw thread matched with the anti-loose nut is about 2 mm, and the screw thread is a reverse screw thread. On the fastening screw rod with larger diameter, an internal thread hole can be processed on the axial lead of the outer end head, and the internal thread screw thread is a reverse screw thread and is matched with the anti-loosening bolt.
3. The structure for preventing loosening of a nut as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fastening nut is provided with a plurality of concave grooves which take the center point of the nut as the center and are uniformly distributed in a radial shape.
4. The structure for preventing loosening of a nut as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concave-convex gasket comprises two pressed surfaces, one surface is a concave groove, the other surface is a convex table, and the grooves and the convex tables are uniformly distributed in quantity, size, shape and radial shape and are the same as those of the grooves on the fastening nut; the concave-convex washer and the locknut or the lockbolt can also be manufactured into an integral part, and the compression surface of the integral part is provided with the boss.
5. The structure for preventing loosening of a nut as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressing surface of the locknut or the lockbolt is provided with a convex platform, and the quantity, the size, the shape and the radial uniform distribution of the convex platforms are the same as the grooves on the fastening nut.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911097679.XA CN110792678A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Structure for preventing nut from loosening |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911097679.XA CN110792678A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Structure for preventing nut from loosening |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110792678A true CN110792678A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911097679.XA Pending CN110792678A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Structure for preventing nut from loosening |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN110792678A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111425512A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-07-17 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Anti-loosening bolt and nut assembly |
| CN114810783A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-29 | 苏州中新精密工业有限公司 | Anti-falling bolt for rail transit carriage |
-
2019
- 2019-11-01 CN CN201911097679.XA patent/CN110792678A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111425512A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-07-17 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Anti-loosening bolt and nut assembly |
| CN114810783A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-29 | 苏州中新精密工业有限公司 | Anti-falling bolt for rail transit carriage |
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