CN110792544A - 用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法和控制设备 - Google Patents

用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法和控制设备 Download PDF

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CN110792544A
CN110792544A CN201910707557.1A CN201910707557A CN110792544A CN 110792544 A CN110792544 A CN 110792544A CN 201910707557 A CN201910707557 A CN 201910707557A CN 110792544 A CN110792544 A CN 110792544A
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crankshaft
hybrid vehicle
hybrid
combustion motor
motor
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J.洛曼
Y.策米什
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F02N11/0818—Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F02N11/0818—Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode
    • F02N11/0829—Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode related to special engine control, e.g. giving priority to engine warming-up or learning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02N99/002—Starting combustion engines by ignition means
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法和控制设备（20），根据至少一个由混合动力车辆（34）的车辆部件提供的信号识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动，并且在混合驱动系统的驱动电机（14）的运行期间，通过曲轴（12）的转动或联动，混合驱动系统的燃烧马达（10）的曲轴（12）转动到曲轴（12）相对于燃烧马达（10）的初始位置中，从而自曲轴（12）存在于其初始位置中起，燃烧马达（10）的喷射阀和点火线圈能够被混合驱动系统的电子装置如此操控，使得燃烧马达（10）被点燃，其中从识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动起，开始将曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中。

Description

用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法和控制设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法。此外，本发明还涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的控制设备和一种用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统。
背景技术
在EP 0 939 859 B1中描述了机动车的驱动装置，其包括燃烧马达和电机。为了起动燃烧马达，曲轴和与曲轴机械固定地连接的凸轮轴借助电机开始转动，电机与曲轴机械连接。不仅在曲轴上，而且也在凸轮轴上安装有具有特别的齿形的齿轮，齿轮通过传感器评估。在特定的转角上，曲轴和凸轮轴达到如下位置，在这些位置中，通过相应的传感轮上的特别的图案可以确定明确的位置。燃料的喷射和点火可以只有在首次达到这种特定的转角后才被释放。在首次达到这种转角之后，当前的位置通过连续评估曲轴和凸轮轴传感轮的传感器信息被连续重新确定。首次确定曲轴和凸轮轴的明确的位置被称为马达控制与曲轴和凸轮轴的同步（简称：同步）。由于安全原因，当前计算出的位置在具有“点火关闭”的燃烧马达停止后完全被丢弃。在没有“点火关闭”（起动/停止-停止）的燃烧马达停止中，当前的位置没有被丢弃，并且对于每个气缸来说当前的工作冲程是已知的。因此，在燃烧器起动时区分首次起动和重复起动。
在刚才描述的情景之后，首次起动结束。在重复起动中，曲轴和凸轮轴同样通过激活电机置于转动运动中，然而可以立即开始燃料的喷射和点火，从而甚至能够实现直接起动。因此，重复起动总是明显比首次起动更快。在混合动力车辆，即具有燃烧马达和驱动电机的车辆中可以出现的是，在首先实施为纯电动行驶的行驶期间也实施燃烧器-首次起动。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有权利要求1的特征的用于运行混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的方法、一种具有权利要求6的特征的用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的控制设备和一种具有权利要求9的特征的用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统。
发明优点
本发明提供了用于使曲轴和凸轮轴提前同步的可能性，从而在要求燃烧马达运行时，燃烧马达可以明显比在现有技术中更快、更舒适和更有效地起动。在使用本发明时，在要求燃烧马达运行时，可以直接/立即、即在没有同步的情况下与燃料的喷射和点火起反应，从而替代“首次起动”能够实现明显更短时间的“重复起动”（或“后续起动”）。燃烧马达因此可以借助本发明更提前地和更有利地使用。此外，在使用本发明时不再担心明显更长时间的首次起动引起可能不利的交通情况。
在现有技术中基于曲轴的待实施的直到达到同步的转动，“首次起动”总是比“重复起动”/“后续起动”明显时间更长，而在使用本发明时，燃烧马达可以立即利用“重复起动”/“后续起动”开始运行。本发明的另外的优点是，在驱动电机运行期间通过曲轴的转动（Durchdrehen）或联动（Mitschleppen），已经可以在与燃烧马达共同作用的燃料输送系统或燃料喷射系统、例如奥托-直接喷射到系统中建立有利地高的压力，这使起动更高效。
在该方法的有利的实施方式中，作为至少一个信号探测混合动力车辆的钥匙传感器的至少一个信号和/或混合动力车辆的车门打开传感器的至少一个信号，以用于预测静止的混合动力车辆的起动。因此，已经在开锁或打开混合动力车辆的车门时，尤其是在开锁或打开混合动力车辆的驾驶员车门时，可以开始同步。同样可以探测混合动力车辆的点火装置的点火信号，以用于识别静止的混合动力车辆的起动。在该情况下，同步也可以提前实施，从而燃烧马达的随后的起动是“重复起动”/“后续起动”，其可以比“首次起动”明显更快地实施。在此，曲轴仅一直转动，直到存在同步。如果达到这一点，那么电机又被去激活并且转动运动又停止。在此，燃料没有被喷射和点火。对于马达控制来说，行驶周期的所有随后的起动是重复起动。
作为有利的改进方案，也可以直接在曲轴转动到其初始位置中后，还通过曲轴的转动或联动引起曲轴的另外的至少两转。借助曲轴的另外的至少两转可以引起燃料输送系统或燃料喷射系统中的压力增加，压力增加对随后的燃烧器起动的效率产生有利的影响。
在该方法的另外的有利的实施方式中，曲轴直接在曲轴转动到其初始位置中后或直接在曲轴的另外的至少两转后停止，并且随后在曲轴保持在其初始位置中期间等待，直到要求用于驱动混合动力车辆的燃烧马达的运行。如果需要，可以在等待期间借助驱动电机来驱动混合动力车辆。
在该方法的优选的实施方式中，混合驱动系统以能直接起动的燃烧马达作为燃烧马达运行，其中只有当驱动电机的能量存储单元是完全空的时，才激活能直接起动的燃烧马达，以用于驱动混合动力车辆。存储在驱动电机的能量存储单元上的能量因此仅可以用于相对长时间地运行用于驱动混合动力车辆的驱动电机。
之前描述的优点也可以借助用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统的相应的控制设备引起。控制设备可以根据方法的上述的实施方式改进。
此外，所提到的优点也可以借助用于混合动力车辆的相应的混合驱动系统实现。混合驱动系统也可以根据方法的上述的实施方式改进。
附图说明
本发明的另外的特征和优点随后根据附图阐述。其中：
图1示出了用于阐述用于运行这种混合驱动系统的方法的实施方式的第一混合驱动系统的示意图；并且
图2示出了用于阐述控制设备的实施方式的功能方式的第二混合驱动系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于阐述用于运行这种混合驱动系统的方法的实施方式的第一混合驱动系统的示意图。
在图1中示意性示出的混合驱动系统包括具有共同作用的曲轴12的燃烧马达10和驱动电机14。燃烧马达10还具有未示出的喷射阀和点火线圈。仅示例性地，驱动电机14通过离合器16和/或变速器与曲轴12连接，从而能够借助驱动电机14并且在燃烧马达10没有运行的情况下实现曲轴12的转动。图1的混合驱动系统的拓扑布局因此也可以被称为P2拓扑布局。曲轴12的仅借助驱动电机14的转动经常也被称为曲轴12的非点燃的转动。
然而明确指出的是，随后描述的方法也可以实施用于在没有这种与曲轴12的连接的情况下运行具有驱动电机14的混合驱动系统。在图2中示意性反映的混合驱动系统例如可以用于实施该方法。具有四个气缸18的燃烧马达10的在图1中示意性反映的构造和驱动电机14与未示出的车轴通过连接部件19的连接也仅示例性地解释。
在装备有图1的混合驱动系统的混合车辆的行驶周期开始之前，曲轴12位于未知的位置中。同样，该状态也可以涉及非同步的马达控制。
因此，在将燃料喷射到燃烧马达10中并且点火之前实施曲轴12的转动，直到达到同步（达到所谓的初始位置）。曲轴12转动到其初始位置在驱动电机14的运行期间通过曲轴12的上述的转动进行。作为曲轴12的转动的备选方案，也可以借助驱动电机14能够引起曲轴12的联动，如根据图2还将在下面阐述的那样。在两种情况下，曲轴12借助驱动电机14一直转动，直到马达控制同步，即曲轴12的位置是已知的。这例如可以通过未示出的曲轴传感轮和同样未草绘出的凸轮轴传感轮上的空隙确定。通常，总转角在720º（度）以下，曲轴12借助驱动电机14以总转角转动到其初始位置中。
在这里描述的方法中，已经从识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆的起动起，曲轴12开始转动直到达到同步（即直到达到其初始位置）。优选地，直接/立即从识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆的起动起，曲轴12开始转动到其初始位置中。当至少假定静止的混合动力车辆立即起动时，或者当之前静止的混合动力车辆刚好起动时，因此已经实施所谓的同步。优选地，已经在混合动力车辆的行驶开始之前，曲轴12借助驱动电机14的运行转动，直到存在同步。
对于之前或还静止的混合动力车辆的起动的识别或预测借助至少一个由混合动力车辆的车辆部件提供的信号来实现。当例如混合动力车辆的车门、优选混合动力车辆的驾驶员车门被开锁或打开时，可以至少假定静止的混合动力车辆的立即起动。尤其是借助混合动力车辆的钥匙传感器和/或混合动力车辆的车门打开传感器的至少一个信号可以可靠地得到，立即起动静止的混合动力车辆。因此已经可以在还静止的混合动力车辆中并且在混合动力车辆的开动之前，由驱动电机14引起曲轴12的转动。
在这里描述的方法的实施中，在混合动力车辆的行驶开始期间，例如直接在车辆通过驾驶员起动后，曲轴12然而也可以借助驱动电机14的运行转动，直到存在同步。尤其是借助混合动力车辆的点火装置的点火信号可以可靠地确定的是，刚好起动之前静止的混合动力车辆。
在这里描述的方法的实施中，由此消除了在从仅借助驱动电机14驱动混合动力车辆切换到在使用燃烧马达10的情况下驱动混合动力车辆时的首次起动的时间缺点。因此，在此描述的方法引起上面已经提到的优点。
作为本方法的优选的改进方案，还可以直接在同步后借助驱动电机14通过曲轴12的转动（或联动）引起曲轴12的另外的/附加的至少两转（各360º）。尤其还可以直接在同步后借助驱动电机14通过曲轴12的转动引起曲轴12的另外的/附加的二到二十五转、特别地五到二十转。以另外的/附加的至少两转被调节的曲轴12的总转角因此可以在720º至9000º之间、特别地在1800º至7200º之间。以该方式，在燃烧马达10的未示出的燃料输送系统（或燃料喷射系统）中存在的压力可以增大。在燃料输送系统中存在的压力例如可以借助曲轴12的另外的/附加的至少两转增大至相对高的至少100bar、例如至少150bar、尤其至少200bar的压力值。这改进了燃烧马达10在随后的起动中的排放特性。
当混合驱动系统以能直接起动的燃烧马达10运行时，已经在静止的混合动力车辆的假定的立即起动之前或在之前静止的混合动力车辆的起动期间的同步（可能伴随附加引起曲轴12的各360º的另外的/附加的至少两转）尤其是有利的。“直接起动”（或DECO直接起动）理解为燃烧马达10的起动，其中燃烧马达10在没有通常需要的“外部能量”的情况下从“转速零”通过至少一个适当开始的喷射和点火开始运行。但该方法仅在重复起动中是可能的，因为在还静止的曲轴12中，该位置已经必须是已知的。因此，在能直接起动的燃烧马达10的运行中，也消除了总是将预设的最小能量保留在驱动电机14的能量存储单元中，以便可以在需要情况下将最小能量用作用于起动燃烧马达10的“外部能量”的常规的必要性。由于在这里描述的方法中，同步已经在静止的混合动力车辆的假定的立即起动之前或在之前静止的混合动力车辆的起动期间实施，所以可以在同步后断开离合器16，并且驱动电机14的完全的转矩和存储在驱动电机14的能量存储单元上的所有能量可以用于驱动混合动力车辆。优选地，只有当驱动电机14的能量存储单元是完全空的时，才激活能直接起动的燃烧马达10，以用于驱动混合动力车辆。
曲轴12可以直接在同步后或直接在曲轴12的另外的至少两转后停止在静止位置中。随后，在曲轴12保持在静止位置中期间可以等待，直到例如基于存储在驱动电机14的能量存储单元上的所有能量的消耗要求燃烧马达10的运行。等待对曲轴12的位置和/或在燃料输送系统中存在的压力没有影响/几乎没有影响。
上述的方法例如可以借助控制设备20实施，控制设备通过信号线路22a至22f与驱动电机14、气缸18并且可能还与光学转角传感器24连接。关于控制设备20的可能的可构造性参考随后的附图说明。
图2示出了用于阐述控制设备的实施方式的功能方式的第二混合驱动系统的示意图。
在图2中示意性示出的混合驱动系统包括没有与燃烧马达10的曲轴12 “直接”连接的驱动电机14。然而，驱动电机14通过连接部件30和离合器16与混合动力车辆34的第一轴32连接。因此也可以将第一轴32解释为由驱动电机14驱动的轴32。配属于燃烧马达10的曲轴12通过另外的离合器36、变速器38和另外的连接部件40连接至混合动力车辆34的第二轴42。第二轴42为此可以被称为混合动力车辆34的由燃烧马达10驱动的轴42。
因为曲轴12没有直接与驱动电机14连接，所以曲轴12仅可以在电动行驶期间转动。为此闭合离合器20并且激活电机22。因此，通过连接元件18驱动电驱动的轴32，并且车辆42向前运动。同时，离合器40同样闭合，并且在变速器41中接通适当的传动比。因此，曲轴12通过连接元件31、变速器41和离合器40与轴42刚性连接。因为车辆通过驱动电机14运动，所以曲轴12也转动。因此，曲轴12可以转动直到达到同步。
图2的混合驱动系统包括具有未草绘出的电子装置的控制设备20，借助电子装置操控/能够操控燃烧马达10的喷射阀和点火线圈和驱动电机14。特别地，驱动电机14能够借助电子装置来运行，从而可以借助驱动电机14引起曲轴12的上述的联动。从存在同步起，燃烧马达10的喷射阀和点火线圈能够被如此操控，使得燃烧马达10借助其被操控的喷射阀和点火线圈来点燃（befeuern）。
电子装置附加地设计用于：根据至少一个由混合动力车辆42的车辆部件提供的信号识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆42的起动，并且在识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆42的起动时开始同步。因此，控制设备20也产生上述的优点。优选地，电子装置在识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆34的起动时直接/立即开始将曲轴12转动到其初始位置。
例如，电子装置可以根据混合动力车辆34的未草绘出的点火装置的提供至电子装置/控制设备20的点火信号44确定的是，刚好发生之前或还静止的混合动力车辆34的起动。还可以在混合动力车辆34的起动期间执行同步。
当混合驱动系统也设计用于借助驱动电机14转动曲轴12时，电子装置/控制设备20的构造也是有利的，借助该构造电子装置根据混合动力车辆34的钥匙传感器和/或混合动力车辆34的车门打开传感器的至少一个提供至电子装置的信号确定的是，立即起动静止的混合动力车辆34至少是可能的。
作为有利的改进方案，电子装置/控制设备20也可以设计用于：直接在曲轴12转动到其初始位置中后，还借助由电子装置操控的驱动电机14通过曲轴12的联动引起曲轴12的另外的至少两转。因此，以用于立即以燃料高压驱动混合动力车辆34的燃烧马达10的随后由电子装置/控制设备20引起的起动也是可能的。
在借助电子装置/控制设备20引起将曲轴12转动到其初始位置中之后，燃烧马达10可以立即被释放用于喷射和点火，并且其可以直接被转移至点燃的运行。备选地，曲轴12可以直接在同步后，或者直接在曲轴12借助电子装置/控制设备20的另外的至少两转后，例如通过立即断开离合器16而停止在静止位置中。在该情况下，在曲轴12保持在静止位置中期间等待，直到用于驱动混合动力车辆34的燃烧马达10的运行是值得期待的。如果燃烧马达10能直接起动，那么电子装置优选设计用于：只有当驱动电机14的能量存储单元是完全空的时，才激活能直接起动的燃烧马达10，以用于驱动混合动力车辆34。驱动电机14的能量存储单元的当前的充电状态可以借助电子装置/控制设备20能够估计或能够测量。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于运行混合动力车辆（34）的混合驱动系统的方法，具有如下步骤：
在混合驱动系统的驱动电机（14）的运行期间，通过曲轴（12）的转动或联动，混合驱动系统的燃烧马达（10）的曲轴（12）转动到曲轴（12）相对于燃烧马达（10）的初始位置中，从而自曲轴（12）存在于其初始位置中起，燃烧马达（10）的喷射阀和点火线圈能够被混合驱动系统的电子装置如此操控，使得燃烧马达（10）被点燃；
其特征在于如下步骤：
根据至少一个由混合动力车辆（34）的车辆部件提供的信号识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动；并且
从识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动起，开始将曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中作为至少一个信号探测混合动力车辆（34）的钥匙传感器的至少一个信号和/或混合动力车辆（34）的车门打开传感器的至少一个信号，以用于预测还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动，和/或探测混合动力车辆（34）的点火装置的点火信号（44），以用于识别之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中直接在曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中后，还通过曲轴（12）的转动或联动引起曲轴（12）的另外的至少两转。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中曲轴（12）直接在曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中后或直接在曲轴（12）的另外的至少两转后停止，并且随后在曲轴（12）保持在其初始位置中期间等待，直到要求用于驱动混合动力车辆（34）的燃烧马达（10）的运行。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中混合驱动系统以能直接起动的燃烧马达（10）作为燃烧马达（10）运行，并且其中只有当驱动电机（14）的能量存储单元是完全空的时，才激活能直接起动的燃烧马达（10），以用于驱动混合动力车辆（34）。
6.一种用于混合动力车辆（34）的混合驱动系统的控制设备（20），具有：
电子装置，借助所述电子装置能够操控混合驱动系统的驱动电机（14），从而在驱动电机（14）的运行期间，通过曲轴（12）的转动或联动，混合驱动系统的燃烧马达（10）的曲轴（12）能够转动到曲轴（12）相对于燃烧马达（10）的初始位置中，并且借助所述电子装置，从曲轴（12）存在于其初始位置中起，燃烧马达（10）的喷射阀和点火线圈能够被如此操控，使得燃烧马达（10）借助其被操控的喷射阀和点火线圈来点燃；
其特征在于，
电子装置附加地设计用于：根据至少一个由混合动力车辆（34）的车辆部件提供的信号识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动，并且在识别或预测之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动时，开始将曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的控制设备（20），其中电子装置设计用于：作为至少一个信号探测混合动力车辆（34）的钥匙传感器的至少一个信号和/或混合动力车辆（34）的车门打开传感器的至少一个信号，并且必要时预测还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动，和/或作为至少一个信号探测混合动力车辆（34）的点火装置的点火信号（44），并且必要时识别之前或还静止的混合动力车辆（34）的起动。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的控制设备（20），其中电子装置设计用于：直接在曲轴（12）转动到其初始位置中后，还借助由电子装置操控的驱动电机（14）通过曲轴（12）的转动或联动引起曲轴（12）的另外的至少两转。
9.一种用于混合动力车辆的混合驱动系统，具有：
根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的控制设备（20）；
燃烧马达（10），具有共同作用的曲轴（12）和其能借助控制设备（20）操控的喷射阀和点火线圈；和
能借助控制设备（20）操控的驱动电机（14）。
10.根据权利要求9所述的混合驱动系统，其中燃烧马达（10）能直接起动，并且其中所述电子装置设计用于：只有当驱动电机（14）的能量存储单元是完全空的时，才激活能直接起动的燃烧马达（10），以用于驱动混合动力车辆（34）。
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