CN110791271A - Viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and particularly relates to a viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid and a preparation method thereof. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.25-0.30 part of thickening agent; 0.5-1.0 part of anti-swelling agent; 0.20-0.30 part of discharge assistant; 1.5-2.5 parts of a demulsifier; 3.0-5.0 parts of viscosity reducer; 90-100 parts of water. The sand-carrying fluid smoothly carries the propping agent into the stratum to fill pore canals and cavities, the carried anti-swelling agent can prevent clay from being hydrated and transported, the demulsifier can separate oil from water, the viscosity reducer can play a role in reducing the viscosity of crude oil after the oil-water emulsion is demulsified in a short time, and after construction is finished, the sand-carrying fluid is broken and discharged under the action of stratum temperature, pressure and the discharge assistant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and particularly relates to a viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The problem of sand production commonly exists in the exploitation of heavy oil wells, particularly loose sandstone heavy oil reservoirs, and are characterized in that the reservoir burial depth is shallow (1300-1500m), the oil is thick, the sand production of the oil reservoir is easy, and the sand production is mainly concentrated in oil fields such as Sanmu, Kong shop and Shuijizhuang. The conventional sand-carrying fluid is adopted to carry gravel into a stratum at present for the sand control of the heavy oil reservoir, and a sand blocking barrier is established in a shaft and a near wellbore zone to prevent the sand from being produced from the stratum. However, the amount of produced fluid is reduced after sand control of part of heavy oil wells, such as Chenglong 1601 well (crude oil viscosity 12457 mPa. multidot.s, 50 ℃), Liu 7-9 well (crude oil viscosity 10339 mPa. multidot.s, 50 ℃). The reason that the liquid yield is reduced after sand prevention of the heavy oil well is analyzed:
(1) the "cooling effect" leads to a decrease in the amount of liquid produced
When a large amount of external fluid (workover fluid, well killing fluid, sand carrying fluid and the like) enters the stratum, a cooling effect is caused on the stratum, namely the external fluid enters the stratum and can reduce the temperature of the stratum, so that wax, colloid, asphaltene and the like in crude oil are separated out, the flowing capability of the crude oil in the stratum is reduced, and the liquid production is reduced.
(2) The sand-carrying liquid prepared by hot water has no obvious improvement on the flowing capability of crude oil
After the sand-carrying fluid prepared by hot water enters the stratum, the reservoir damage caused by the cooling effect is weakened, but the flow capacity of thick oil in a near wellbore zone is not improved.
Therefore, for the sand prevention of the thick oil well, if the viscosity of the thick oil can be reduced and the flowing capability of the thick oil is improved while the sand prevention is carried out, the sand prevention effect can be better ensured. Therefore, a sand-carrying fluid which can carry sand and reduce the viscosity of the thick oil needs to be researched, wherein the sand-carrying fluid can not only carry gravel to enter a stratum, but also reduce the viscosity of the thick oil, improve the fluidity of the crude oil in the stratum and increase the fluidity of the thick oil so as to be convenient for extraction after contacting with the crude oil in the stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.25-0.30 part of thickening agent; 0.5-1.0 part of anti-swelling agent; 0.20-0.30 part of discharge assistant; 1.5-2.5 parts of a demulsifier; 3.0-5.0 parts of viscosity reducer; 90-100 parts of water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.25 percent of thickening agent, 1.0 percent of anti-swelling agent, 0.2 percent of cleanup additive, 2.5 percent of demulsifier, 4 percent of viscosity reducer and the rest water.
Preferably, the thickening agent is guar gum.
Preferably, the anti-swelling agent is hydroxylamino polyether amine.
Preferably, the cleanup additive is a fluorocarbon surfactant.
Preferably, the demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene phosphate.
Preferably, the viscosity reducer is organic silicon sulfonate.
The invention also comprises a method for preparing the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid, which comprises the following steps: when the clear water is used as a solvent, a circulating system is established between a water supply pipeline of a liquid preparation vehicle and a liquid storage tank filled with clear water during construction, a pump vehicle is started, a thickening agent is added at the inlet of the liquid storage tank, the mixture is fully and circularly dissolved uniformly, and then an anti-swelling agent, a discharge assistant, a demulsifier and a viscosity reducer are sequentially added, and are fully and circularly dissolved uniformly, so that the preparation of the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the sand-carrying fluid smoothly carries the propping agent into the stratum to fill pore canals and cavities, the carried anti-swelling agent can prevent clay from being hydrated and transported, the demulsifier can separate oil from water, the viscosity reducer can play a role in reducing the viscosity of crude oil after the oil-water emulsion is demulsified in a short time, and after construction is finished, the sand-carrying fluid is broken and discharged under the action of stratum temperature, pressure and the discharge assistant. The invention successfully tests 4 wells in the indoor and on-site, the success rate of sand control measures is 100%, the oil production is cumulatively recovered at 3982t, and the oil increase is cumulatively recovered at 3786t, thereby achieving good sand control and yield increase effects.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the thickening agent in the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is modified guar gum, and can be prepared into a reticular micelle solution with high viscosity when added into water, the reticular structure sand-carrying liquid has high sand-carrying capacity, a propping agent can be wrapped and carried into a stratum to fill cavities and ducts, after construction, the reticular structure is destroyed under the action of stratum pressure and temperature, the viscosity of the solution is reduced, and the broken gel can be reversely discharged. The cleanup additive in the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is a fluorocarbon surfactant, has low surface tension and low adsorption force on the stratum, and can ensure that the working residual liquid can be smoothly discharged from the stratum. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid has the clay stabilizing effect, and is an anti-swelling agent which takes hydroxylamino polyether amine as a main component, so that the clay in the stratum can be effectively prevented from being hydrated and moving. The demulsifier in the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid has good dispersibility and good wettability to an interface, and can demulsify crude oil in a short time. The viscosity reducer in the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid acts on the contacted thick oil after the demulsifying action of the demulsifier is exerted, the viscosity of the thick oil is quickly reduced, the fluidity of the crude oil is improved, the resistance met by the sand-carrying liquid is reduced, the sand-carrying liquid can enter the stratum more smoothly, and the sand-carrying liquid is easier to flow back. Through indoor tests and field application, the additives can have more remarkable effects of carrying sand, preventing swelling, demulsifying, reducing viscosity and flowback when used together.
The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is characterized in that: the demulsifier and the viscosity reducer are particularly added, so that the basic functions of the sand-carrying fluid can be satisfied, the thick oil in the stratum can be demulsified and subjected to viscosity reduction, the fluidity of crude oil is improved, the exploitation is facilitated, and the productivity of an oil well is improved. The multi-component sand-carrying fluid plays roles of transmitting pressure, forming cracks and carrying a propping agent into the cracks on one hand, and has good oil layer protection characteristics while meeting the requirements of sand suspension and sand-carrying capacity; on the other hand, the dispersed sand-carrying fluid molecules permeate and diffuse from the water phase to the oil phase through the oil-water interface, and the interaction between the dispersed sand-carrying fluid molecules and the thick oil molecules is utilized to weaken the force among the thick oil molecules, so that the thick oil molecules become loose, and the fluidity of the thick oil is increased.
Description of the drawings:
FIGS. 1-2 illustrate a schematic migration diagram and a field diagram, respectively, using the viscosity reducing sand control fluid system solution of example 1;
fig. 3 to 4 show the fracturing construction curve and the oil recovery comprehensive curve of the pumping well Chenglong 1601 well by using the viscosity-reducing sand-control fluid system solution of the embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments.
Preparing raw materials:
guar gum (Shandong Dongyngjia Yiyi chemical Co., Ltd.)
Hydroxylamino polyether amine (Shandong shou Guang Kai Dong chemical technology Co., Ltd.)
Perfluorononenoxybenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (Dagang oil field petroleum engineering institute)
Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene phosphate ester (Dagang oil field petroleum engineering institute)
Organic silicon sulfonate (Dagang oil field petroleum engineering institute)
Example 1 adding 400ml of tap water into a clean beaker, adjusting the rotating speed of a stirrer until the top end of a middle shaft of a blade of the stirrer can be seen in a vortex formed by liquid, keeping the constant-speed rotation of the stirrer, weighing 1g of modified guar gum according to a formula, slowly adding the modified guar gum into water, sequentially weighing 4g of anti-swelling agent hydroxyamino polyether amine, 0.8g of cleanup additive perfluorononenoxybenzene sodium sulfonate, 10g of demulsifier polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene phosphate and 20g of viscosity reducer organosilicone sulfonate, sequentially adding the mixture into the solution, uniformly stirring, and adding the next after adding one additive, thereby preparing the viscosity-reducing and sand-preventing liquid system solution.
The performance indexes of the prepared solution are as follows:
1) the stability performance is as follows: stability in standing at room temperature
The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is hermetically stored at the room temperature of 25 ℃, the apparent viscosity (shown in table 1) of the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is measured by a viscometer every 8 hours, and the apparent viscosity is basically kept unchanged after the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is placed at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 3 days, so that the stability at the normal temperature is better. Table 1 shows the viscosity at different time periods, test temperature 25 ℃.
TABLE 1
2) Sand carrying capability
① static settling, namely, filling viscosity-reducing and sand-preventing liquid into a vertically placed glass tube with the length of 100cm, respectively putting quartz sand with the particle sizes of 0.425mm-0.85mm and 0.6 mm-1.18 mm into the glass tube from the upper part of the glass tube, and testing the settling time and settling speed of the quartz sand, wherein the test results are shown in the following table 2 for comparing the static settling performances.
TABLE 2
② dynamic suspended sand
At room temperature, 500ml of the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is poured into a 1000ml beaker, the rotating speed of a stirrer is controlled at 500r/min for stirring, quartz sand (0.425mm-0.85mm) is respectively added according to the sand ratio of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% for stirring for 10min, the uniform degree of sand mixing and the sand suspending effect are observed, and the table 3 shows the time required for the quartz sand to completely settle to the bottom of the container.
TABLE 3
| Sand ratio of% | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Settling time, s | 14.79 | 13.56 | 12.64 | 11.35 | 10.07 |
3) And (3) hydration viscosity, namely ensuring that the working fluid has good performance and can be quickly hydrated and drained after reaching the stratum. Table 4 shows the change in viscosity data before and after hydration.
TABLE 4
| Item | Original viscosity, mPa.s | Hydration viscosity, mPa.s |
| Working fluid | 25.2 | 1.7 |
4) Compatibility of medicines
This example determines the compatibility of a viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid prepared in example 1 with formation water.
Mixing the working solution with formation water of sand production oil fields such as Kong shop, Gangxi and Yangsi, and the like according to the proportion of 1: 2. 1: 1. mixing the materials in a volume ratio of 2:1, stirring for 30min, standing for 1h, and observing, wherein no precipitate or floccule is generated, which indicates that the compatibility of the mixture with formation water is better.
The performance indexes of the prepared solution are as follows:
1) the stability performance is as follows: stability in standing at room temperature
The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is hermetically stored at the room temperature of 25 ℃, the apparent viscosity (shown in table 6) of the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is measured by a viscometer every 8 hours, and the apparent viscosity is basically kept unchanged after the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is placed at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 3 days, so that the stability at the normal temperature is better. The test temperature was 25 ℃.
TABLE 6
| Time, |
0 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 48 | 56 | 64 | 72 |
| Viscosity, mPa.s | 29.3 | 29.2 | 29.1 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.8 | 28.7 | 28.6 | 28.5 | 28.3 |
2) ① static settling, namely filling viscosity-reducing and sand-preventing liquid into a vertically placed 100cm long glass tube, respectively putting quartz sand with the particle sizes of 0.425-0.85 mm and 0.6-1.18 mm from the upper part of the glass tube, and testing the settling time and settling speed of the quartz sand, wherein the test results are shown in the following table 7.
TABLE 7
② dynamic sand suspension, at room temperature, pouring 500ml of viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid into 1000ml of beaker, stirring at the rotation speed of the stirrer controlled at 500r/min, adding quartz sand (0.425mm-0.85mm) according to the sand ratio of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% respectively, stirring for 10min, observing the uniform degree of sand mixing and the sand suspension effect, and showing the time required for the quartz sand to completely settle to the bottom of the container in Table 8.
TABLE 8
| Sand ratio of% | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Settling time, s | 16.28 | 15.79 | 14.67 | 13.92 | 12.86 |
3) Viscosity of hydration
The working fluid is required to be quickly hydrated and flowback after reaching the stratum while the working fluid has good performance. Table 9 shows viscosity data before and after hydration.
TABLE 9
| Item | Original viscosity, mPa.s | Hydration viscosity, mPa.s |
| Viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid | 29.3 | 1.8 |
4) Compatibility of medicines
This example determines the compatibility of a viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid prepared in example 1 with formation water.
Mixing the working solution with formation water of sand production oil fields such as Kong shop, Gangxi and Yangsi, and the like according to the proportion of 1: 2. 1: 1. mixing the materials in a volume ratio of 2:1, stirring for 30min, standing for 1h, and observing, wherein no precipitate or floccule is generated, which indicates that the compatibility of the mixture with formation water is better.
Example 3: the pumping well field Chengqinglong 1601 well, sand control horizon Ng14#, 15-1#, sand control well section: 1252.2-1256.3m and 1261.8-1265.8m, the well is located in a heavy oil well zone, the sand blockage is serious, the sand control is carried out by a preferred extrusion gravel packing sand control process, and the viscosity reduction sand carrier liquid is adopted to carry and pack gravel to the deep part of the stratum, the near-wellbore area and the annular space so as to form a multi-stage sand blocking barrier and restore the normal production of the oil well. After sand control construction, 2.68 tons of oil are produced per day, and 7.62m of liquid is produced per day364.86% of water, and obvious sand control and production increase effects.
The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid for the well comprises the following components: the following addition amounts are mass portion ratios (g/ml)
0.25 percent of guar gum, 1.0 percent of anti-swelling agent, 0.2 percent of cleanup additive, 2.5 percent of demulsifier, 4 percent of viscosity reducer and the rest water; table 11 shows the sand control design.
TABLE 11
Take 40 tons of solvent and clear water as an example (about 40 tons of solution can be prepared by a liquid storage tank at one time). During construction, a circulating system is established between a water supply pipeline of a liquid preparation vehicle and a liquid storage tank filled with clear water, a pump vehicle is started, 0.10 ton of guar gum is firstly added at an inlet of the liquid storage tank, the mixture is fully circulated for 20 minutes and uniformly dissolved, then 0.4 ton of anti-swelling agent, 0.08 ton of cleanup additive, 1.0 ton of demulsifier and 1.6 ton of viscosity reducer are sequentially added, the mixture is fully circulated for 20 minutes and uniformly dissolved, and thus the preparation of the 6-tank viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is completed, and the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is injected into a stratum. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid is used in the same way as the conventional working fluid for gravel packing sand control construction, and is well known and frequently operated by the technical personnel in the field. FIGS. 1-2 illustrate a schematic migration diagram and a field diagram, respectively, using the viscosity reducing sand control fluid system solution of example 1; fig. 3 to 4 show the fracturing construction curve and the oil recovery comprehensive curve of the pumping well Chenglong 1601 well by using the viscosity-reducing sand-control fluid system solution of the embodiment 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (8)
1. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 0.25-0.30 part of thickening agent; 0.5-1.0 part of anti-swelling agent; 0.20-0.30 part of discharge assistant; 1.5-2.5 parts of a demulsifier; 3.0-5.0 parts of viscosity reducer; 90-100 parts of water.
2. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.25 percent of thickening agent, 1.0 percent of anti-swelling agent, 0.2 percent of cleanup additive, 2.5 percent of demulsifier, 4 percent of viscosity reducer and the rest water.
3. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, wherein the thickening agent is guar gum.
4. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, wherein the anti-swelling agent is a hydroxyamino polyether amine.
5. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, wherein the cleanup additive is a fluorocarbon surfactant.
6. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, wherein the demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene phosphate.
7. The viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity-reducing agent is organosiliconate.
8. A method of preparing the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying fluid of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: when the clear water is used as a solvent, a circulating system is established between a water supply pipeline of a liquid preparation vehicle and a liquid storage tank filled with clear water during construction, a pump vehicle is started, a thickening agent is added at the inlet of the liquid storage tank, the mixture is fully and circularly dissolved uniformly, and then an anti-swelling agent, a discharge assistant, a demulsifier and a viscosity reducer are sequentially added, and are fully and circularly dissolved uniformly, so that the preparation of the viscosity-reducing sand-carrying liquid is completed.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111999224A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Fracturing fluid dynamic sand suspension performance testing device and method |
| CN111999224B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2023-09-29 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Fracturing fluid dynamic sand suspension testing device and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20201105 Address after: 300000 No. three, Dagang Oilfield, Binhai New Area, Tianjin Applicant after: DAGANG OILFIELD GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Address before: 300 000 Dagang No.3 hospital, Binhai New Area, Tianjin Applicant before: DAGANG OILFIELD GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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