CN110788353B - Cutting blade based on graphene sensor - Google Patents
Cutting blade based on graphene sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110788353B CN110788353B CN201910911655.7A CN201910911655A CN110788353B CN 110788353 B CN110788353 B CN 110788353B CN 201910911655 A CN201910911655 A CN 201910911655A CN 110788353 B CN110788353 B CN 110788353B
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- resistor
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- grid
- cutting insert
- resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
- B23B25/06—Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
Abstract
The application relates to a cutting blade based on graphene sensor, which comprises a cutting blade, a graphene sensor and a detection circuit. The cutting insert includes a major relief surface and a seating side surface. The graphene sensor comprises two electrodes and a resistance grid connected in series between the two electrodes, wherein the two electrodes are arranged on the installation side surface, the resistance grid is arranged on the main rear cutter surface, and the resistance of the resistance grid changes when the cutting blade is worn. The detection circuit is electrically connected with the two electrodes respectively and is used for detecting the current change at the two ends of the resistance grid, calculating the resistance value change of the resistance grid according to the current change and determining the abrasion degree of the cutting blade according to the resistance value change of the resistance grid. The graphene-based cutting blade can detect the abrasion of the cutting edge in different degrees, and can realize real-time detection of the abrasion state of the cutting edge in the cutting process on the premise of not being interfered by the voltage of a power grid or electromagnetic noise.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tool wear monitoring, in particular to a cutting blade based on a graphene sensor.
Background
During the machining of a workpiece, there is vibration between the cutting tool and the workpiece to be machined, and the pressing and friction therebetween generates a large amount of heat, causing the cutting insert to wear. Therefore, wear monitoring of the cutting insert may ensure the quality and performance of the workpiece, while reference data may be provided for machining process improvements, cutting insert design, and cutting mechanisms.
The existing tool wear monitoring method mainly adopts main shaft torque monitoring, processing sound monitoring, optical wear offset monitoring and the like. However, the tool wear monitoring method described above is only suitable for rough machining applications and is susceptible to interference from grid voltage and electromagnetic noise.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a cutting insert based on a graphene sensor, aiming at the problems of narrow application range and easy interference of the existing tool wear monitoring method.
The application provides a cutting blade based on graphite alkene sensor includes:
a cutting insert comprising a major relief surface and a mounting side surface;
a graphene sensor comprising two electrodes and a resistive grid connected in series between the two electrodes, wherein the two electrodes are disposed on the mounting side surface, the resistive grid is disposed on the main relief surface, and the resistive grid changes in resistance as the cutting insert wears; and
and the detection circuit is electrically connected with the two electrodes respectively and is used for detecting the current change at the two ends of the resistance grid, calculating the resistance value change of the resistance grid according to the current change and determining the wear degree of the cutting blade according to the resistance value change of the resistance grid.
In one embodiment, the resistive gate comprises:
the first fixed resistor is connected between the two electrodes in series; and
and the at least one wear resistor is respectively connected with the first fixed resistor in parallel and used for disconnecting the branch where the wear resistor is positioned when the cutting blade is worn.
In one embodiment, the resistor grid further includes second fixed resistors, the second fixed resistors correspond to the wear resistors one to one, and each of the second fixed resistors is connected in series with the corresponding wear resistor and then connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor.
In one embodiment, the resistance value of the second fixed resistor in series with the wear resistor farther from the cutting edge of the cutting insert is larger.
In one embodiment, the wear resistor is strip-shaped and parallel to the cutting edge of the cutting insert.
In one embodiment, the wear resistor has a length 1/2-4/5 times a cutting edge length of the cutting insert.
In one embodiment, the width of the wear resistor is the same as the distance between two adjacent wear resistors.
In one embodiment, the main flank is provided with a first groove, and the resistor grid is arranged in the first groove.
In one embodiment, the mounting side surface is provided with a second groove, and the two electrodes and the lead connecting the two electrodes and the resistance grid are both arranged in the second groove.
In one embodiment, the two electrodes and the resistance grid are made of a multi-layer graphene metal composite thin film material.
The graphene-based cutting blade is provided with a graphene sensor, the graphene sensor comprises a resistance grid for detecting the abrasion condition of the cutting blade and two electrodes for outputting signals, and the resistance grid is connected in series between the two electrodes. By arranging the resistor grids in the graphene sensor on the main rear tool face of the cutting blade, part of resistors in the resistor grids can be damaged along with the abrasion of the cutting edge in the cutting blade, so that the resistance value of the resistor grids changes along with the abrasion degree of the cutting edge. The detection circuit can be used for detecting the current change at the two ends of the resistance grid, the resistance value change of the resistance grid can be calculated according to the current change, and the abrasion degree of the cutting blade is determined. Therefore, the graphene-based cutting blade can detect the abrasion of the cutting edge in different degrees by arranging the resistance grids and the electrodes, and can realize the real-time monitoring of the abrasion state of the cutting edge in the cutting process on the premise of not being interfered by the voltage of a power grid or electromagnetic noise.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a cutting blade based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a cutting blade based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a resistance grid structure on a main flank of a cutting insert based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode on a mounting side surface of a cutting insert based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a graphene sensor-based resistor gate circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another graphene sensor-based resistor gate circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool wear monitoring system based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an electrode on an inner wall of a tank body of a cutter wear monitoring system based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit based on a graphene sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
100 tool wear monitoring system
10 cutting insert
110 major relief surface
111 first groove
112 third groove
113 groove of stepping down
120 mounting side
121 second groove
20 graphene sensor
210 electrode
220 resistance grid
221 first fixed resistor
222 wear resistance
223 second fixed resistor
224 protective resistor
30 detection circuit
310 signal acquisition circuit
320 calculation circuit
330 filter circuit
340 amplifying circuit
350D/A conversion circuit
40 cutter
410 cutter bar
411 trough body
50 wire
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the embodiments disclosed below.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1-2 together, the present application provides a graphene sensor-based cutting tip including a cutting tip 10, a graphene sensor 20, and a detection circuit 30. The cutting insert 10 includes a major relief surface 110 and a seating side surface 120. The graphene sensor 20 includes two electrodes 210 and a resistance grid 220 connected in series between the two electrodes 210, wherein the two electrodes 210 are disposed on the mounting side surface 120, the resistance grid 220 is disposed on the main clearance surface 110, and the resistance grid 220 changes when the cutting insert 10 is worn. The detection circuit 30 is electrically connected to the two electrodes 210, respectively, for detecting a change in current across the resistor grid 220, calculating a change in resistance of the resistor grid 220 based on the change in current, and determining the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10 based on the change in resistance of the resistor grid 220.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the shape, type, material, etc. of the cutting insert 10, i.e., the cutting insert 10 may be selected to be suitable for different machining modes. In one embodiment, the cutting insert 10 has six surfaces, including a major relief surface 110, a minor relief surface, and a rake surface. Wherein the major relief surface 110 and the minor relief surface are two adjacent side surfaces of the cutting insert 10, and the rake surface is a top surface of the cutting insert 10. In addition, the cutting insert 10 includes a bottom surface disposed opposite the rake surface, and side surfaces disposed opposite the major and minor relief surfaces, respectively. In the present embodiment, the major relief surface 110 is a plane in which the cutting edge is located, and the major relief surface 110 is a surface interacting with and opposing the surface to be machined. It is understood that the seating side surface 120 may be any surface other than the major relief surface 110. In one of the embodiments, the seating side surface 120 may be one of side surfaces disposed opposite the major and minor relief surfaces 110 and 110, respectively. When the mounting side surface 120 is one of the side surfaces disposed opposite to the major relief surface 110 and the minor relief surface, the two electrodes 210 and the wires 50 connected to the resistor grids 220 may be prevented from being damaged during wear monitoring, and the service life of the graphene sensor-based cutting insert may be extended.
It can be appreciated that the graphene sensor 20 includes two electrodes 210 and a resistive grid 220 connected in series between the two electrodes 210. In the process of detecting the abrasion condition of the cutting edge by adopting the resistor grids 220, the resistance value of the resistor grids 220 can be changed along with the change of the abrasion degree of the cutting edge, so that the cutting blade based on the graphene sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity and high measurement precision. In addition, the graphene sensor 20 is not easily interfered by grid voltage or electromagnetic noise, and the anti-interference performance of the cutting blade based on the graphene sensor is improved. Since the graphene sensor 20 has a small volume, it is not necessary to change the size of the cutting insert 10 when it is disposed on the cutting insert 10, and it can be applied to turning inserts in various environments.
In turning, the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10 comes into contact with a workpiece to be machined and generates pressing and friction. Since the position of the resistor grid 220 in the graphene sensor 20 is consistent with the wear position, if wear occurs at the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10, one wear resistor 222, which is mounted at the main flank 110 of the cutting insert 10 and is close to the wear position of the cutting edge, is cut off, resulting in an increase in the resistance of the resistor grid 220 as a whole. In one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 may include a plurality of wear resistors 222, and the plurality of wear resistors 222 are connected in parallel with each other. As the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10 further increases, the number of the wear resistors 222 to be cut off also gradually increases. According to the increase of the wear amount from small to large, the resistance value of the whole resistor grid 220 in the graphene sensor 20 gradually increases. When a voltage is applied to the two ends of the graphene sensor 20, the resistance value of the whole resistor grid 220 in the graphene sensor 20 changes to cause a current change. The sensing circuit 30 may sense a change in the current across the resistor grid 220 and calculate a change in the resistance of the resistor grid 220 based on the change in the current, and determine the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10 based on the change in the resistance of the resistor grid 220.
The graphene-based cutting insert 10 is provided with the graphene sensor 20, the graphene sensor 20 includes a resistance grid 220 for detecting the wear of the cutting insert 10 and two electrodes 210 for outputting a signal, and the resistance grid 220 is connected in series between the two electrodes 210. By disposing the resistor grids 220 in the graphene sensor 20 on the major relief surface 110 of the cutting insert 10, part of the resistors in the resistor grids 220 may be disconnected as the cutting edge in the cutting insert 10 is worn, resulting in that the resistance values of the resistor grids 220 vary with the degree of wear of the cutting edge. The change in the current across the resistor grid 220 can be detected using the detection circuit 30, and the change in the resistance of the resistor grid 220 can be calculated based on the change in the current to determine the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10. Therefore, the graphene-based cutting insert 10 can detect different degrees of wear of the cutting edge by providing the resistor grids 220 and the electrodes 210, and can realize real-time monitoring of the wear state of the cutting edge in the cutting process on the premise of not being interfered by the grid voltage or electromagnetic noise.
Referring to fig. 3-5, in one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 includes a first fixed resistor 221 and at least one wear resistor 222. The first fixed resistor 221 is connected in series between the two electrodes 210. Each wear resistor 222 is connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221 for disconnecting the branch in which the wear resistor 222 is located when the cutting insert 10 is worn. It can be understood that the key component of the graphene sensor 20 for sensing the wear state of the cutting insert 10 is the resistive grid 220. The resistive grid 220 includes a first fixed resistor 221 and at least one wear resistor 222. In this embodiment, each wear resistor 222 is connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221, and when the cutting insert 10 is worn, the open wear resistor 222 is opened in a branch and the total resistance of the resistor grid 220 changes. By detecting the current across the resistive grid 220 by the detection circuit 30, the amount of change in the resistance of the resistive grid 220 can be determined, resulting in the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10. Through setting up first fixed resistance 221, can guarantee that two electrodes 210 have continuous current output, avoid when detection circuit 30 can not detect the electric current, can't judge whether whole wearing and tearing resistance 222 breaks, still detection circuit 30 itself has the trouble, and the setting of first fixed resistance 221 has improved the reliability based on graphite alkene sensor's cutting blade. The provision of the wear resistor 222 may improve the sensitivity of the detection of the state of wear of the cutting edge.
In one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 further includes second fixed resistors 223, the second fixed resistors 223 are in one-to-one correspondence with the wear resistors 222, and each second fixed resistor 223 is connected in series with the corresponding wear resistor 222 and then connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221. In this embodiment, the resistor grid 220 includes a plurality of wear resistors 222, each wear resistor 222 may be connected in series with a second fixed resistor 223 to obtain a plurality of series branches, and the plurality of series branches are respectively connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221. It will be appreciated that the first fixed resistor 221 may be used to ensure that an output of current is maintained between the two electrodes 210. The provision of the first fixed resistor 221 can prevent the failure to determine whether it is caused by a failure of the detection circuit 30 or by the disconnection of the abrasion resistor 222 when no current is detected between the two electrodes 210. The second fixed resistor 223 is connected in series with the wear resistor 222, because the resistance of the wear resistor 222 is small, if only a plurality of wear resistors 222 are connected in parallel, when one of the wear resistors 222 is disconnected, the influence on the resistance of the whole resistor grid 220 is small. Therefore, the provision of the second fixed resistor 223 can ensure the sensitivity of the resistor grid 220 for detecting the wear level of the cutting insert 10.
In one embodiment, the resistance of the second fixed resistor 223 in series with the wear resistor 222 farther from the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10 is greater. It is understood that in the present embodiment, the resistor grid 220 includes a plurality of wear resistors 222, and each wear resistor 222 is connected in series with a second fixed resistor 223. By setting the resistance value of each second fixed resistor 223, the resistance value of the resistor grid 220 can be changed greatly when the wear resistor 222 is disconnected, which facilitates to improve the sensitivity of the detection circuit 30 for detecting the current. In one embodiment, the resistance of the second fixed resistor 223 connected in series with the wear resistor 222 farther from the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10 is larger, and the resistance of the second fixed resistor 223 may be sequentially multiplied to be normal, thereby further improving the sensitivity of detecting the wear degree of the cutting edge.
Referring also to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the circuit connection relationship in the resistor grid 220 may be the circuit diagram shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, except for the first wear resistor R1 near the cutting edge, each of the wear resistors R2-R6 is connected in series with a second fixed resistor R8-R12, a plurality of wear resistors R2-R6 may be connected in parallel and then connected in series with the protection resistor 224, and two ends of the wear resistor R6 are connected in parallel with a second fixed resistor R7. It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, since the resistance value of the wear resistor 222 is small, the second fixed resistor 223 is used in cooperation with the wear resistor 222. If only the wear resistors 222 are used for parallel connection, the resistance value of the parallel-connected resistors mainly depends on the resistance value of each wear resistor 222, and the influence on the overall resistance value of the resistor grid 220 is small. When the wear resistors 222 are disconnected, the total resistance of the resistor grid 220 is approximately equal to the sum of the resistances of the second fixed resistor 223 and the protection resistor 224. At this time, the resistance of the resistance gate 220 increases, the current decreases, and the current detected by the detection circuit 30 changes.
In one embodiment, the wear resistor 222 is strip-shaped, and the wear resistor 222 is parallel to the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10. It will be appreciated that when the wear resistors 222 are strip-shaped and the direction of extension of the wear resistors 222 is parallel to the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10, each wear resistor 222 is at a different distance from the cutting edge. In the present embodiment, the number of the wear resistors 222 may be determined according to the amount of regular wear of the cutting insert 10 to be monitored.
In one embodiment, if the allowable amount of wear of the cutting insert 10 to be monitored is small, only one wear resistor 222 may be provided, and when the wear resistor 222 is damaged, causing the branch in which the wear resistor 222 is located to be disconnected, the resistance of the resistor grid 220 increases, and the current flowing through the resistor grid 220 at the same voltage decreases. The detection circuit 30 may detect the change in current and determine that the resistance of the resistive grid 220 has changed, i.e., that the amount of wear of the cutting insert 10 has exceeded an allowable range.
In one embodiment, if the allowable abradability of the cutting insert 10 to be monitored is large, a plurality of wear resistors 222 may be provided, and the branch in which the wear resistor 222 is damaged is sequentially disconnected from the first wear resistor 222 near the cutting edge, the resistance of the resistor grid 220 is gradually increased, and the current flowing through the resistor grid 220 at the same voltage is gradually decreased. The detection circuit 30 can detect the current change and determine the resistance change amount of the resistance grid 220 according to the current change, and can judge that several wear resistors 222 are disconnected in the resistance grid 220 according to the resistance change amount, i.e., can judge whether the wear amount of the cutting insert 10 is beyond the allowable range.
In one embodiment, the wear resistor 222 has a length 1/2-4/5 times the length of the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10. It will be appreciated that the length of the wear resistor 222 may depend on the length of the cutting edge. Both ends of the wear resistor 222 may cause resistance damage of the surface due to friction or impact when the cutting insert 10 is mounted. The length of the wear resistor 222 is 1/2-4/5 times of the length of the cutting edge of the cutting blade 10, and the rest 1/2-1/5 can reserve space for damage caused by friction or collision, so that the adaptability of the graphene sensor 20 in different use environments is improved, and the applicable range of the cutting blade 10 based on the graphene sensor is expanded.
In one embodiment, the width of the wear resistor 222 is the same as the distance between two adjacent wear resistors 222. In this embodiment, the resistor grid 220 may include a plurality of wear resistors 222. It can be understood that when the width of the wear resistor 222 is the same as the distance between two adjacent wear resistors 222, or the width of the wear resistor 222 and the distance between two adjacent wear resistors 222 are both preset values, the wear size of the cutting blade 10 can be further determined through the detection of the current by the detection circuit 30, that is, the plurality of wear resistors 222 can be used as a scale for the wear amount, thereby expanding the application range of the cutting blade based on the graphite sensor. In one embodiment, the width of each wear resistor 222 may be equal to the distance between two adjacent wear resistors 222, which is 0.05mm, and the width/distance may improve the wear detection accuracy of the resistor grid 220 on the premise that the process is realizable. In one embodiment, the width of the wire 50 connecting the resistor grid 220 and the two electrodes 210 may be 0.1mm, and the length and width of the two electrodes 210 are both 1mm, which can ensure high-speed transmission of current signals and improve the wear monitoring sensitivity of the cutting blade based on the graphene sensor.
In one embodiment, the main relief surface 110 defines a first groove 111, and the resistor grid 220 is disposed in the first groove 111. In one embodiment, the mounting side surface 120 is formed with a second groove 121, and the two electrodes 210 and the wires 50 connecting the two electrodes 210 and the resistor grid 220 are disposed in the second groove 121. It is understood that the surfaces of the main flank 110 and the mounting flank 120 may be respectively machined with a first groove 111 and a second groove 121, and the first groove 111 and the second groove 121 may be rectangular micro-grooves respectively adapted to the shapes of the resistor grid 220, the electrode 210 and the lead 50. The resistance grating 220 of the graphene sensor 20 is disposed in the first groove 111 of the main relief surface 110, and the resistance grating 220 may be located close to the cutting edge. The second groove 121 of the mounting side 120 is provided with a lead 50 and two electrodes 210 therein. In one embodiment, the first groove 111 may include a plurality of strip-shaped grooves, that is, each strip-shaped resistor is disposed in one of the strip-shaped grooves. It will be appreciated that by providing the first and second grooves 111, 121, a degree of mechanical protection is provided to the resistor grid 220, the two electrodes 210 and the wire 50, reducing wear of the cutting blade of the graphite sensor during installation or use.
In one embodiment, the material of the two electrodes 210 and the resistive grid 220 is a multi-layer graphene metal composite thin film material. It is understood that the graphene sensor 20 may be prepared directly on the main flank 110 and the mounting side surface 120, on which the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10 is located, respectively. In one embodiment, the graphene sensor 20 may be a graphene metal composite thin film sensor.
In one embodiment, the graphene metal composite thin film sensor is prepared as follows: and machining a micro groove at the position where the graphene metal composite material film sensor is installed on the cutting blade 10. The main flank 110 of the cutting insert 10 is polished and cleaned at the position where the resistor grid 220 is prepared, rough polishing, fine polishing and metallographic polishing are used to a mirror surface, and ultrasonic cleaning is performed by using acetone, deionized water and ethanol. An insulating film of 3 μm is grown on the processed main flank 110 by a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) apparatus, and the insulating film material may be Al2O3/Si3N4/Al2O3. The resistive grid 220, the two electrodes 210 and the conducting wire 50 are sequentially prepared by a magnetron sputtering method and a standard photolithography process. The resistor grid 220, the two electrodes 210 and the lead 50 may all be of a multilayer thin film structure, and the thin film material may be NiCr, Ni, graphene, Ni in sequence.
Before the magnetron sputtering method is adopted to prepare the resistor gate 220, firstly, photoresist is sprayed on the main back tool surface 110, and after exposure and development through a mask plate, a first layer of film, namely a NiCr film, of the resistor gate 220 is sputtered. The thickness of the NiCr film can be 200 nm-400 nm. The remaining photoresist was then stripped in an ultrasonic machine filled with acetone solution to form the first NiCr pattern of the resistor grid 220, the two NiCr electrodes and the NiCr wire. It will be appreciated that the subsequent two Ni films and Ni film patterns are fabricated in a manner similar to the first NiCr pattern of the resistor grid 220. After an insulating layer, a NiCr thin film layer, and a Ni thin film layer are sequentially prepared on the main flank 110 of the cutting insert 10, a graphene thin film is prepared using a CVD apparatus, and the graphene thin film is prepared into a preset pattern of a resistor gate 220, an electrode 210, and a wire 50 through a standard photolithography process. Finally, an upper insulating film is grown on the main flank 110 again by means of a CVD apparatus, during which two NiCr electrodes are exposed outside the upper insulating film.
Based on the same inventive concept, please refer to fig. 7 together, the present application also provides a tool wear monitoring system 100 based on the graphene sensor. Graphene sensor based tool wear monitoring system 100 includes tool 40, graphene sensor 20, and detection circuitry 30. The tool 40 includes a tool holder 410 and a cutting insert 10. A slot 411 is formed at one end of the tool holder 410, and the cutting insert 10 is mounted in the slot 411. The cutting insert 10 includes a major relief surface 110. The graphene sensor 20 includes two electrodes 210 and a resistive grid 220 connected in series between the two electrodes 210. Wherein two electrodes 210 are disposed on the inner wall of the slot 411, and the resistor grid 220 is disposed on the main flank 110, and the resistance of the resistor grid 220 changes when the cutting insert 10 is worn. The detection circuit 30 is electrically connected to the two electrodes 210, respectively, for detecting a change in current across the resistor grid 220, calculating a change in resistance of the resistor grid 220 based on the change in current, and determining the degree of wear of the cutting insert 10 based on the change in resistance of the resistor grid 220.
The tool 40 includes a holder 410 and a cutting insert 10, and the cutting insert 10 may be fixed to a head of the holder 410 by a countersunk head screw. It will be appreciated that the cutting insert 10 is smaller in volume and more important in quality than the holder 410. Therefore, by providing the two electrodes 210 on the inner wall of the slot 411 formed at one end of the holder 410, the machining process of the cutting insert 10 can be simplified, and the machining speed of the cutting insert 10 can be further increased.
It should be noted that the cutting blade 10, the graphene sensor 20, and the detection circuit 30 in this embodiment may be the cutting blade 10, the graphene sensor 20, and the detection circuit 30 in any one of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the inner wall of the tank 411 provided with the two electrodes 210 is provided with a third groove 112, and the two electrodes 210 and the lead 50 connecting the two electrodes 210 and the resistor grid 220 are both disposed in the third groove 112. It can be understood that the inner wall of the slot 411 provided with the two electrodes 210 is opened with a third groove 112, and the third groove 112 may be a rectangular micro-groove, which is respectively adapted to the shapes of the electrodes 210 and the conducting wires 50. The third groove 112 may be provided with a lead 50 and two electrodes 210 therein. It will be appreciated that by providing the third groove 112, a degree of mechanical protection may be provided for the two electrodes 210 and the wire 50, reducing wear of the cutting insert 10 during installation or use.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the slot 411 provided with the two electrodes 210 is provided with a yielding slot 113, and external wires connecting the two electrodes 210 and the detection circuit 30 extend out of the slot 411 from the yielding slot 113. A relief groove 113 is provided on an inner wall of the groove body 411 opposite to the cutting insert 10. After the two electrodes 210 are connected by external wires, the external wires can be led out through the abdicating groove 113 formed on the inner wall of the groove 411 and electrically connected with the detection circuit 30. It can be understood that the configuration of the receding groove 113 can facilitate the connection between the detection circuit 30 and the two electrodes 210 through external wires. In one embodiment, the detection circuit 30 may be disposed in a mounting groove or a mounting cavity formed in the tool bar 410, and at this time, the external connection wire between the detection circuit 30 and the two electrodes 210 needs to be disposed according to a position relationship therebetween, and a routing groove or a hole corresponding to the external connection wire is formed.
In one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 includes a first fixed resistor 221 and at least one wear resistor 222. The first fixed resistor 221 is connected in series between the two electrodes 210. Each wear resistor 222 is connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221 for disconnecting the branch in which the wear resistor 222 is located when the cutting insert 10 is worn. It should be noted that the first fixed resistor 221 and the at least one wear resistor 222 in this embodiment may be the first fixed resistor 221 and the at least one wear resistor 222 in any one of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 further includes second fixed resistors 223, the second fixed resistors 223 are in one-to-one correspondence with the wear resistors 222, and each second fixed resistor 223 is connected in series with the corresponding wear resistor 222 and then connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor 221. It should be noted that the second fixed resistor 223 in this embodiment may be the second fixed resistor 223 in any of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
In one embodiment, the resistor grid 220 further includes a protection resistor 224, and the protection resistor 224 is connected in series between the first fixed resistor 221 and the electrode 210 electrically connected to the first fixed resistor 221 for preventing the output current of the two electrodes 210 from being too large. It is understood that the resistance of the protection resistor 224 can be set according to the applied voltage and the detection circuit 30, and the protection resistor 224 can further prevent the failure of judging whether it is caused by the failure of the detection circuit 30 or the disconnection of the wear resistor 222 when the current is not detected.
In one embodiment, the wear resistor 222 is strip-shaped, and the wear resistor 222 is parallel to the cutting edge of the cutting insert 10. It should be noted that the wear resistor 222 in this embodiment may be the wear resistor 222 in any of the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.
In one embodiment, the material of the two electrodes 210 and the resistive grid 220 is a multi-layer graphene metal composite thin film material. It should be noted that the two electrodes 210 and the resistive grid 220 in this embodiment may be the two electrodes 210 and the resistive grid 220 in any of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Referring also to fig. 9, in one embodiment, the detection circuit 30 includes a signal acquisition circuit 310 and a calculation circuit 320. The signal collecting circuit 310 is electrically connected to the two electrodes 210, respectively, and is configured to collect output currents of the two electrodes 210 to obtain a current signal. The calculation circuit 320 is electrically connected to the signal acquisition circuit 310, calculates the current signal output by the signal acquisition circuit 310 to obtain the resistance value change of the resistor grid 220, and determines the wear degree of the cutting insert 10 according to the resistance value change of the resistor grid 220.
In one embodiment, the detection circuit 30 further includes a filter circuit 330, an amplifier circuit 340, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit 350. The filter circuit 330 is electrically connected to the signal acquisition circuit 310, and filters the current signal output by the signal acquisition circuit 310 to obtain a filtered current signal. The amplifying circuit 340 is electrically connected to the filter circuit 330, and amplifies the filtered current signal output by the filter circuit 330 to obtain an amplified current signal. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit 350 is electrically connected to the amplifying circuit 340 and the calculating circuit 320, respectively, performs digital-to-analog conversion on the amplified current signal output by the amplifying circuit 340 to obtain a digital signal, and sends the digital signal to the calculating circuit 320. It is understood that the arrangement of the filter circuit 330, the amplifier circuit 340 and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 350 can improve the detection accuracy of the degree of wear of the cutting blade 10.
The graphene sensor-based cutting blade and the graphene sensor-based tool wear monitoring system 100 can perform real-time online monitoring measurement on the degree of tool wear during the cutting process. In one embodiment, the graphene metal composite thin film sensor embedded in the cutting insert 10 has advantages of miniaturization, integration, and the like, and the installation environment thereof is wider than that of a conventional tool wear detection device. It can be understood that, because the packaging layer of the graphene metal film sensor adopts the high-temperature-resistant insulating composite ceramic material, the packaging layer can meet the use requirements under certain acid-base corrosion and high-temperature and low-temperature environments. In addition, the graphene metal film sensor is used as a strain sensor, and the strain sensitive film of the graphene metal film sensor has the excellent performances of graphene and metal materials, and has the characteristics of high strain coefficient, large strain limit and good heat dissipation. Meanwhile, the damage of external vibration and impact on the thin film sensor in normal use can be resisted by the material property of the graphene metal thin film sensor.
Compared with the traditional film sensor, the graphene metal film sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity and large measuring range. The Resistance Temperature drift Coefficient of the metal film can be reduced by preparing the graphene metal composite film sensor, because the Resistance of the metal film is increased along with the increase of the Temperature, and the Resistance of the graphene film is reduced along with the increase of the Temperature, if the two film materials are compounded, the Resistance Temperature Coefficient (TCR) of the graphene metal composite film sensor can be effectively reduced, so that the measurement error is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved. The utility model provides a cutting blade based on graphite alkene sensor and tool wear monitoring system 100 based on graphite alkene sensor can effectively solve the precision and the sensitivity of current tool wear measurement technique and hang down, and mounted position and application scope are limited, can be applicable to the lathe work under multiple occasions such as laboratory or production site.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A graphene sensor-based cutting insert, comprising:
a cutting insert (10) comprising a major relief surface (110) and a mounting side surface (120);
a graphene sensor (20) comprising two electrodes (210) and a resistive grid (220) connected in series between the two electrodes (210), wherein the two electrodes (210) are arranged on the mounting side surface (120), the resistive grid (220) is arranged on the main flank (110), a plane of the resistive grid (220) is parallel to the main flank (110), and the resistance of the resistive grid (220) changes when the cutting insert (10) is worn; and
the detection circuit (30) is electrically connected with the two electrodes (210) respectively and is used for detecting the current change of the two ends of the resistance grid (220), calculating the resistance value change of the resistance grid (220) according to the current change and determining the wear degree of the cutting blade (10) according to the resistance value change of the resistance grid (220);
the resistive grid (220) comprises:
a first fixed resistance (221) connected in series between the two electrodes (210); and
at least one wear resistor (222) connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor (221) for disconnecting the branch in which the wear resistor (222) is located when the cutting insert (10) is worn.
2. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the resistor grid (220) further comprises second fixed resistors (223), the second fixed resistors (223) are in one-to-one correspondence with the wear resistors (222), and each second fixed resistor (223) is connected in parallel with the first fixed resistor (221) after being connected in series with the corresponding wear resistor (222).
3. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein the resistance of the second fixed resistor (223) in series with the wear resistor (222) further from the cutting edge of the cutting insert (10) is larger.
4. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the wear resistor (222) is strip-shaped, and the wear resistor (222) is parallel to a cutting edge of the cutting insert (10).
5. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein the wear resistance (222) has a length 1/2-4/5 times a cutting edge length of the cutting insert (10).
6. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein the width of the wear resistor (222) is the same as the distance between two adjacent wear resistors (222).
7. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the main relief surface (110) is provided with a first groove (111), and the resistor grid (220) is provided in the first groove (111).
8. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the mounting side surface (120) is provided with a second groove (121), and the two electrodes (210) and the lead (50) connecting the two electrodes (210) and the resistor grid (220) are disposed in the second groove (121).
9. The graphene sensor-based cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the material of the two electrodes (210) and the resistive grid (220) is a multi-layer graphene metal composite thin film material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0631542B2 (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1994-04-27 | 三井造船株式会社 | Cutter bit wear detector |
| DE19632377B4 (en) * | 1996-08-10 | 2005-06-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Indexable insert |
| CN102001023B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-16 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Tool wear detector |
| EP3106260B1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-11-28 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | A cutting insert and a tool for cutting, milling or drilling of metal |
| CN205049168U (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-24 | 新港海岸(北京)科技有限公司 | Measurement system of resistivity of graphite alkene sensor |
| CN107132257A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-09-05 | 上海新克信息技术咨询有限公司 | Graphene sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN109175419A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 中北大学 | A kind of integral type Cutting Force measurement tooling system being embedded in thin film sensor |
| CN109175418A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 中北大学 | A kind of combined type Cutting Force measurement tooling system being embedded in thin film sensor |
| CN109604651A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-12 | 杨斌堂 | Cutter |
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