CN110786816A - Device for delivering medicament - Google Patents

Device for delivering medicament Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110786816A
CN110786816A CN201811342621.2A CN201811342621A CN110786816A CN 110786816 A CN110786816 A CN 110786816A CN 201811342621 A CN201811342621 A CN 201811342621A CN 110786816 A CN110786816 A CN 110786816A
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cavity
pressure regulating
outlet
container
pressure
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Inventor
杨玉民
杨杨
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ZHEJIANG SANCHUANG BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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ZHEJIANG SANCHUANG BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00105—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

A device for delivering a medicament includes a pressure regulating member including a pressure regulating chamber and an exit chamber. The pressure regulating inlet of the pressure regulating cavity is connected with the guide pipe, and the axial included angle formed by the cavity wall of the pressure regulating outlet and the pressure regulating cavity is 10-12.5 degrees; the emergent inlet of the emergent cavity is assembled with the pressure regulating outlet, and the included angle formed by the cavity wall of the emergent outlet and the axial direction of the emergent cavity is 5-6 degrees. The device provided by the invention can deliver the medicament in the container in a more stable and sustained balanced propulsion mode and a more moderate mode, effectively avoids the sudden release of pressure to enable the medicament to be fully distributed in the visual field of the endoscope due to the reaction of target tissues, enables the administration (such as hemostatic) to be more accurate, improves the continuity of endoscopic surgery operation, improves the hemostatic effect and shortens the operation time.

Description

Device for delivering medicament
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a drug delivery container, and more particularly to a device that is driven by a pressure source to deliver a drug to a target tissue to facilitate therapeutic action of the drug on the target tissue.
Background
At present, the conventional means of compression hemostasis cannot be used for traumatic hemorrhage caused by trauma or operation no matter what hemostasis technology is adopted. Common are as follows: the band-aid used for external trauma, hemostatic sponge, hemostatic microspheres, hemostatic medical film and hemostatic yarn made by non-woven technology used in various operations. Although these techniques effectively improve the efficiency of hemostasis, they must be applied for a period of time before the external force is removed and the wound site is observed for bleeding. If bleeding still occurs, the hemostatic agent is applied and compressed again until hemostasis is achieved. The operation is complicated, the hemostasis on deep parenchymal viscera and deep wound surfaces of cavities and ducts is difficult to accurately operate depending on human judgment, the hemostasis is difficult, and particularly, the hemostasis on the parts or tissues needs to be locally pressed for a long time, so that the later healing of wounds is not facilitated. Such as: the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavities generally adopt the expansive hemostatic sponge at present, the hemostasis is not easy to be thorough, and the hemostatic sponge is taken out after the hemostasis is observed after 24 hours of compression. The swelling of patient's nose, respiratory tract are not smooth, also cause the operation difficulty of stanching in time, and patient's quality of life is poor, observes and need take out for the second time in 24 hours, increases medical staff's work load.
The appearance of the hemostatic gel improves the hemostasis of the wound. However, for wounds with large bleeding amount, the hemostatic gel is difficult to adhere to the wound in a short time, otherwise, the purpose of timely hemostasis is difficult to achieve.
There are also products on the market which spray the medicament onto the wound in a spray pattern, the aim of which is to spread the powder evenly and which is not a haemostatic method. Such as: the Yunnan Baiyao aerosol is mainly used for sprain, and powder hemostasis is still necessary for bruise, incised wound and the like, and a compression hemostasis mode is also necessary (according to an aerosol use instruction).
Chinese utility model patent ZL201420372934.3 discloses a hemostasis device for wound and subassembly thereof, including the container that is used for holding hemostatic for control external pressure source and container intercommunication or the valve of disconnection, the effect pipe that forms the kink is bent to one end, tee bend respectively with container, valve and effect pipe intercommunication. The device can stanch fast bleeding target tissue, but because in the twinkling of an eye opening the valve, there is pressure release in the twinkling of an eye-messenger's fluid pressure that jets out risees in the twinkling of an eye, make the therapeutical agent produce the hemostasis powder of assaulting in the twinkling of an eye to the tissue under pressure drive, the effect position reaction force that produces tissue impact force, make the hemostasis powder be covered with the field of vision, can't continue to observe, the operation peritoneoscope also leads to unable observation by the hemostasis powder adhesion simultaneously, influence hemostatic agent in time to observe the tissue hemostasis effect, the continuation of laparoscopic surgery operation has also been influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for delivering a drug that is driven by a pressure source to deliver the drug to a target tissue to facilitate the therapeutic action of the drug at the target tissue.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a device for delivering a medicament that applies a steady pressure to the medicament within the device to avoid damage from impact with the target tissue.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a device for delivering a hemostatic agent, which is driven by a pressure source to precisely deliver the hemostatic agent to a bleeding tissue, thereby avoiding multiple hemostasis of the bleeding tissue and facilitating the proper amount of hemostatic agent to exert hemostatic effect on the bleeding tissue.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a device for delivering a drug, which prevents the drug delivered to the target tissue from impacting and reacting on the site and tissue to cause the atomization of the visual field area, so that the hemostatic powder adheres to the surface of the device (e.g. the mirror of a laparoscope) and the observation is affected.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a device for delivering a drug, in which a catheter or the like is fixed to or integrally formed with a device, so as to prevent the drug delivered to a target tissue from impacting the tissue to affect endoscopic observation, thereby facilitating the endoscopic surgery.
A device for delivering a medicament comprising
A container for containing a medicament;
the cavity comprises a cavity channel, a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet, and the cavity outlet faces to the bottom of the container;
the valve comprises a first through hole and a valve body, the first through hole is respectively communicated with the cavity inlet and the cavity outlet, and the cavity is divided into a pressure relief cavity channel and a pressure bearing cavity channel by the valve body.
Another apparatus comprises
A container for containing a medicament;
an interface for connecting to a pressure source;
the cavity comprises a cavity channel, a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet, the cavity inlet is communicated with the interface, and the cavity outlet faces to the bottom of the container;
the valve comprises a first through hole and a valve body, the first through hole is respectively communicated with the cavity inlet and the cavity outlet, and the cavity is divided into a pressure relief cavity channel and a pressure bearing cavity channel by the valve body.
The device provided by the invention also comprises a cover body which is assembled with the first through hole and used for sealing the first through hole.
According to the device provided by the invention, the valve body enables the fluid moving in the cavity channel to change the direction for 1 time at 90 degrees.
The present invention provides a device, a pressure source, which provides a fluid at a desired pressure, such as: gas or liquid, preferably gas, such as: but not limited to, air, N2、O2、CO2Or inert gas, etc.
Another device further comprises a medicament, which is placed in the container in powder form. More than 90% of the powder particles have a particle size of less than or equal to 100 μm, such as: more than 90% of the powder particles have a particle size of less than or equal to 50 μm.
The medicament is expelled from the outlet of the container by the action of the substance exiting the outlet of the chamber.
The device provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the inner cavity of the container is 10cm3～250cm3. Preferably 10cm for convenient handling (e.g. hand-held)3～70cm3Especially 10cm3～30cm3Such as: but not limited to, 10cm3、11cm3、12cm3、13cm3、14cm3、15cm3、16cm3、17cm3、18cm3、19cm3、20cm3、21cm3、22cm3、23cm3、24cm3、25cm3、26cm3、27cm3、28cm3、29cm3And 30cm3。
In order to facilitate the direct action of the medicament on the target tissue, a conduit is also arranged at the outlet of the container, and the device for delivering the medicament provided by the invention is formed. Guiding the delivery path of the agent through the mounting catheter also facilitates the agent to act on the target tissue in proximity to the target tissue.
In order to facilitate the endoscopic surgery and avoid the adverse effect of the impact of the medicament delivered to the target tissue on the tissue, so that the medicament is spread over the whole endoscopic view to influence the endoscopic observation, the device also comprises a pressure regulating part, wherein the pressure regulating part comprises a pressure regulating cavity, an opening at one end of the pressure regulating cavity is connected with the catheter, and an included angle formed by the cavity wall at the opening at the other end and the axial direction of the pressure regulating cavity is 3-10 degrees.
The agent exits through the other end opening and acts directly on the target tissue.
In order to further improve the pressure applied to the target tissue, another pressure regulating member comprises
The pressure regulating inlet of the pressure regulating cavity is connected with the guide pipe, and the axial included angle between the cavity wall of the pressure regulating outlet and the pressure regulating cavity is 10-12.5 degrees;
and an emergent cavity, wherein an emergent inlet of the emergent cavity is assembled with the pressure regulating outlet, and an included angle formed between the cavity wall of the emergent outlet and the axial direction of the emergent cavity is 5-6 degrees.
Along the radial direction of the pressure regulating cavity, a plurality of groove bodies are arranged on the cavity wall of the pressure regulating cavity.
The caliber of the emergent inlet is the same as that of the pressure regulating outlet. A buffer cavity is arranged between the emergent inlet and the emergent outlet, and the axial length of the buffer cavity is 0.5 mm-2 mm, especially 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.
The agent exits through the other end opening and acts directly on the target tissue.
The device provided by the invention is formed by mutually assembling a container, a conduit and a pressure regulating component and is used for conveying the medicament. Or the container, the conduit and the pressure regulating part are integrally manufactured by means of 3D printing or casting, and are used for delivering the medicament. These devices are all disposable medical consumables, convenient to make and use.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention are as follows:
the device provided by the invention can realize more moderate delivery of the medicament in the container in a more stable and continuous and balanced propulsion mode after being connected with a pressure source, effectively avoids the phenomenon that the medicament is fully distributed in the visual field of the endoscope due to the reaction of target tissues or is adhered to the surface of the endoscope, so that the action condition of the medicament on the target tissues (particularly the understanding of the hemostasis condition of the hemostatic agent on the target tissues) cannot be observed in time, and improves the continuity of the endoscopic surgery.
The device provided by the invention is matched with the pressure regulating component, so that the medicament driven by the pressure source can be more intensively acted on the target tissue. Especially for bleeding tissues, the control on the hemostatic administration area is more accurate, and more than 75 percent of medicaments can be limited in the area with the radius of 0.5 cm-1.5 cm.
The device provided by the invention enables the medicament driven by the pressure source to act on the target tissue more intensively, particularly on the bleeding tissue, enables more medicaments to act on the bleeding wound surface, realizes hemostasis within 20 seconds under the action of the medicament, and obviously shortens the hemostasis time.
Compared with the technical scheme disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent ZL201420372934.3, the device provided by the invention conveys hemostatic powder to bleeding tissues, avoids the phenomenon that hemostatic powder is reacted to cause the atomization of the visual field area of the endoscope, and is not adhered to the mirror surface of the endoscope, so as to be beneficial to the implementation of endoscopic surgery operation, and can implement more visual and accurate hemostatic measures on the bleeding tissues, thereby shortening the surgery time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device for delivering a medicament according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an angled cross-sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a catheter having a pressure regulating member mounted on one end;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure regulating member;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a region of action formed in a target tissue using a prior art device for delivering a drug;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the assembly of the present invention delivering a medicament to a target tissue to form an active region.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Fig. 1 is a device for delivering a medicament according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic angled cross-sectional view of the device shown in fig. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus of this embodiment comprises a container 100 having a volume of 15cm and a chamber 2003. An interface 300 is provided on the container 100 for connection to a pressure source. In this embodiment, the pressure source provides a fluid at a desired pressure, such as: gas or liquid, preferably gas, such as: but not limited to, air, N2、O2、CO2Or inert gas, etc. The port 300 is also in communication with the chamber 200 to introduce fluid under pressure into the chamber 200.
The cavity 200 is in communication with the interior cavity of the container 100 and includes a channel 230, a cavity inlet 210 and a cavity outlet 220, the cavity inlet 210 being in communication with the interface 300, the cavity outlet 220 being towards the bottom of the container. The pressurized fluid is introduced into the channel 230 from the cavity inlet 210, flows through the channel 230, and acts on the medicament in the container after flowing out from the cavity outlet 220. The medicament is delivered towards the outlet of the container by the pressure of the fluid.
After the pressure source valve is opened, the fluid from the pressure source enters the chamber 200 and then flows out of the chamber outlet 220, so that the medicament at the chamber outlet 220 generates a sudden acting force to drive the medicament to move towards the container outlet 110 quickly, and after the medicament with larger momentum acts on the target tissue, the medicament is reacted by the target tissue, so that the acting area of the medicament is enlarged (see fig. 5), the medicament is dispersed, and the concentration of the medicament in the target tissue is reduced. When the endoscope is used in the endoscopic surgery, the medicament is fully distributed in the whole visual field under the reaction of the target tissue, the surgery cannot be continued, the endoscope needs to be taken out and cleaned, and then the surgery is performed, so that the continuity of the surgery is influenced, and the operation is not facilitated.
In order to avoid this, the device of this embodiment further includes a valve 400, which includes a first through hole 410 and a valve body 420, the first through hole 410 is respectively communicated with the cavity inlet 210 and the cavity outlet 220, and the valve body 420 divides the cavity 230 into a pressure relief cavity 231 and a pressure receiving cavity 232.
After the pressure source valve is opened, the fluid from the pressure source enters the cavity 200 through the cavity inlet 210 and then passes through the pressure relief cavity 231 and is discharged from the first through hole 410, and after the flow rate of the fluid from the pressure source is stabilized, the first through hole 410 is closed by using the cover body 500, so that the fluid from the pressure source enters the pressure relief cavity 232 and then is discharged from the cavity outlet 220 to act on the medicament placed at the bottom of the container. At this time, the fluid from the pressure source can act on the medicament at a more stable flow rate, so that the medicament is stressed more uniformly, and after the medicament acts on the target tissue, the adverse effect of the target tissue is reduced, so that the medicament is more concentrated on the target tissue.
For endoscopic surgery, the device of the present embodiment reduces the adverse effect of the agent on the target tissue, and the agent no longer affects the field of view of the endoscope, so that the surgery can be performed continuously. The manner of closing the first through hole 410 may be selected according to an application scenario. Such as: in operation, the operator presses the first through-hole 410 with his thumb to close the first through-hole 410, thereby directing fluid from the pressure source into the pressure-receiving channel 232 and out the chamber outlet 220, making the device easier to operate. The following steps are repeated: for product packaging, the first through-hole 410 is closed with a cover (not shown) to maintain the sterility of product transport and storage.
In order to effectively control the flow rate of the fluid from the pressure source, the pressure of the fluid may be adjusted in advance by a preset flow rate means by adjusting the accessed fluid by a device such as a flowmeter.
It has been verified that changing the direction of the fluid flow from the pressure source also better addresses the problem of the fluid entering the channel 230 during the early stage of delivery creating a transient high momentum for the medicament being delivered, resulting in the medicament being subjected to a more stable and sustained force from the pressurized fluid. In the device of this embodiment, a direction-changing member 421 is provided in the valve body 420, so that the fluid moving in the pressure-receiving chamber changes 1 time in the direction of 90 °.
The medicament acting on the target tissue is in a powder shape, more than 90 percent of powder particles have the particle size of less than or equal to 100 mu m, such as: more than 90% of the powder particles have a particle size of less than or equal to 50 μm. The fluid exiting the chamber outlet 220 pushes the agent toward the outlet 110 of the container, causing the agent to act on the target tissue.
To facilitate the direct application of the agent to the target tissue, a conduit is also provided at the outlet of the container, in combination with the device of this embodiment. The guiding of the delivery path of the medicament from the container outlet by the mounting conduit also facilitates the application of the medicament to the target tissue in proximity thereto.
In order to facilitate the endoscopic surgery and further avoid the adverse effect of the impact of the medicament delivered to the target tissue on the tissue, so that the medicament is spread over the whole endoscopic view to influence the endoscopic observation, the embodiment also provides a pressure regulating part which is used in combination with the device and the catheter of the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a catheter having a pressure regulating member mounted at one end thereof, and fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the pressure regulating member. Referring to fig. 3, as shown in fig. 4, the pressure regulating member 700 of the present embodiment includes a pressure regulating chamber 710, a pressure regulating inlet 712 of which is connected to the conduit 600, and a chamber wall 714 of the pressure regulating outlet 713 and the pressure regulating chamber form an axial included angle b of 10 ° to 12.5 °. Along the radial direction of the pressure regulating cavity 710, a plurality of grooves 715 are arranged on the cavity wall of the pressure regulating cavity.
An emergent cavity 720 is further arranged in front of the pressure regulating cavity 710, an emergent inlet 721 of the emergent cavity is assembled with the pressure regulating outlet 713, and an axial included angle c between the cavity wall of the emergent outlet 722 and the emergent cavity is 5-6 degrees. The medicament guided by the catheter comes out from the opening of the included angle c and directly acts on the target tissue, and the acting surface formed by the medicament on the target tissue is shown in fig. 6.
In this embodiment, the aperture of the exit entrance 721 is the same as the aperture of the pressure-regulating exit 713. Between the exit inlet and the exit outlet, a buffer chamber 730 is further provided, the axial length d of which is 0.5mm to 2mm, in particular 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
Hemostatic agents (see ZL2015100443818) were loaded into the device of this example and hemostatic tissue was tested for hemostasis. The interface 300 is connected to a gas source, and gas under pressure is introduced. The catheter 600 is directed to the bleeding target tissue, and the first through hole 410 is pressed, so that the gas having pressure enters the pressure-applied channel 232, moves toward the lumen outlet after 1 change in direction of 90 °, and meets the drug at the lumen outlet. Under the push of the gas, the medicament at the bottom of the container 100 is discharged from the outlet of the conduit and acts on the bleeding wound. And adjusting the gas flow, and observing the hemostasis condition.
The bleeding is active after the liver lobe incision of the rat. In the process of pressing the model group through the hemostatic gauze to stop bleeding, the bleeding phenomenon is still serious, only one case of the model group stops bleeding completely, the rest cases stop bleeding incompletely, the bleeding amount is relatively large, and the bleeding time is long. After the device of the embodiment is used for feeding the bleeding target tissues, the amount of the liver bleeding is obviously reduced, and is obviously different from that of a model group (p is less than 0.001); the time to liver bleeding in this group was significantly reduced compared to the model group (p < 0.01). The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001862829320000061
Note: compared to the model group, "+" indicates p < 0.05, and "+" indicates p < 0.001
Bleeding was active after femoral artery incision in rats. After the gauze of the model group absorbs blood and is pressed, massive bleeding still occurs, 3 cases fail to stop the blood, and the rest cases are incomplete hemostasis, and the bleeding time of the model group is longer. After administration using the device of this example, surgical site bleeding decreased (p < 0.05), bleeding time was significantly reduced, with a very significant statistical difference (p < 0.001) compared to the control group, and incomplete hemostasis was observed in most animals of this group, with the results shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001862829320000062

Claims (18)

1. An apparatus, comprising a pressure regulating member, said pressure regulating member comprising:
the pressure regulating inlet of the pressure regulating cavity is connected with the guide pipe, and the axial included angle between the cavity wall of the pressure regulating outlet and the pressure regulating cavity is 10-12.5 degrees;
and an emergent cavity, wherein an emergent inlet of the emergent cavity is assembled with the pressure regulating outlet, and an included angle formed between the cavity wall of the emergent outlet and the axial direction of the emergent cavity is 5-6 degrees.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the aperture along said exit entrance is the same as the aperture of said pressure regulating exit.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer chamber having an axial length of 0.5mm to 2mm between said exit inlet and said exit outlet.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer chamber having an axial length of 0.5mm to 1.5mm between said exit inlet and said exit outlet.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of grooves are arranged on the wall of the pressure regulating cavity along the radial direction of the pressure regulating cavity.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising
A container for containing a medicament;
the cavity is arranged in the container and comprises a cavity channel, a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet, and the cavity outlet faces to the bottom of the container;
the valve comprises a first through hole and a valve body, wherein the first through hole is respectively communicated with the cavity inlet and the cavity outlet, and the valve body is arranged in the cavity and divides the cavity into a pressure relief cavity and a pressure bearing cavity.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a port disposed on said container for connection to a pressure source, said chamber inlet communicating with said port.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said valve body further comprises a guide extending said pressure relief channel and said pressure receiving channel toward said first through hole.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said valve body provides 1 90 ° change in direction of fluid displaced within said pressurized chamber.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a fluid under pressure flows within the chamber, the fluid being a gas or a liquid.
11. The device of claim 6, wherein the medicament is in the form of a powder, and more than 90% of the particles of the powder have a size of less than or equal to 100 μm.
12. The device of claim 6, wherein the medicament is in the form of a powder, and more than 90% of the particles of the powder have a size of less than or equal to 50 μm.
13. The device of claim 6, wherein said pharmaceutical agent is a hemostatic agent.
14. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a conduit disposed at the outlet of the container.
15. The device of claim 6, wherein the volume of the interior chamber of the container is 10cm3～250cm3。
16. The device of claim 6, wherein the volume of the interior chamber of the container is 10cm3～70cm3。
17. The device of claim 6, wherein the volume of the interior chamber of the container is 10cm3～30cm3。
18. The device of claim 6, wherein the volume of the interior chamber of the container is 10cm3、11cm3、12cm3、13cm3、14cm3、15cm3、16cm3、17cm3、18cm3、19cm3、20cm3、21cm3、22cm3、23cm3、24cm3、25cm3、26cm3、27cm3、28cm3、29cm3Or 30cm3。
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