CN110783701B - Circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with adjustable phase-shifting power divider - Google Patents
Circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with adjustable phase-shifting power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN110783701B CN110783701B CN201910909863.3A CN201910909863A CN110783701B CN 110783701 B CN110783701 B CN 110783701B CN 201910909863 A CN201910909863 A CN 201910909863A CN 110783701 B CN110783701 B CN 110783701B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
- H01Q3/38—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
Abstract
The invention relates to a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider, which comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, an adjustable phase-shifting power divider, a grounding metal plate, a main radiation piece and a parasitic radiation piece, wherein the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is printed with the adjustable phase-shifting power divider and an annular main radiation piece, and the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate is printed with the grounding metal plate; the second medium substrate is a cylinder, and a parasitic radiation piece is printed on the upper surface of the second medium substrate; the adjustable phase-shifting power divider is connected with the main radiating patch; the first dielectric substrate is separated from the second dielectric substrate and fixed through a plurality of insulating studs. The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with the adjustable phase-shifting power divider provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization characteristics are realized under the same antenna caliber, and the reconfigurable circular polarization function is realized; (2) the switching speed is high, the insertion loss is small and the control is simple; (3) easy processing and manufacture and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider.
Background
The antenna is an important component in a wireless communication system and is responsible for receiving, transmitting and converting electromagnetic energy, and with the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, the requirement on the performance of the antenna is higher and higher. Compared with a linear polarization antenna, the circular polarization antenna has rotation orthogonality, has high suppression degree on reflected wave signals, and can receive electromagnetic wave signals with any linear polarization, so that the circular polarization antenna is widely applied to radio communication systems such as radio frequency identification, wireless local area networks and satellite navigation positioning.
In order to meet the requirements of multifunction, miniaturization, integration and development of a wireless communication system, a reconfigurable antenna technology is required to be adopted to realize switching of multiple working states on a shared antenna radiation aperture. The reconfigurable circularly polarized antenna combines circularly polarized antenna and reconfigurable antenna technology, and realizes polarization characteristic conversion of a left-handed circle and a right-handed circle on the same antenna, so as to achieve the effects of increasing frequency reuse, eliminating multipath fading effect and improving spectrum utilization rate.
The reconfigurable circularly polarized antenna generally adopts mechanical, optical, electronic and other ways to adjust the working state of the antenna, wherein the mechanical way is to adjust the shape, structure and the like of the antenna by using an actuating mechanism such as an actuator, and the like, and the adjustment range is large, however, an additional mechanical device is required, and the requirements of high speed and high precision are difficult to meet. The optical mode is to change the current distribution on the surface of the antenna by controlling the on-off state of the photoconductive switch, has high response speed and is easy to control, but the insertion loss of the photoconductive switch is large, so that the efficiency of the antenna is reduced. The electronic mode is that the tuning or switching characteristics of electrically tunable devices such as PIN diodes, variable capacitance diodes and radio frequency chips are utilized to adjust the radiation piece structure, the feed point position or the output phase relation of a feed network of the antenna, and the antenna is flexible to adjust, high in speed, high in precision and small in loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art in the background art, an object of the present invention is to provide a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider, which uses an electronic adjustment mode to implement receiving and transmitting of left-handed circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization electromagnetic waves, and simplifies a feed structure of the antenna (the feed structure of the present application is an adjustable phase-shifting power divider), thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of manufacturing.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna of integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider, includes first dielectric substrate, second dielectric substrate, adjustable phase-shifting power divider, ground connection metal sheet, main radiation piece and parasitic radiation piece, wherein:
the upper surface of the first medium substrate is printed with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider and an annular main radiating sheet, and the lower surface of the first medium substrate is printed with a grounding metal plate completely superposed with the first medium substrate;
the second medium substrate is a cylinder, and a parasitic radiation piece which is completely coincided with the upper surface of the second medium substrate is printed on the upper surface of the second medium substrate;
the adjustable phase-shifting power divider is connected with the main radiation piece;
the first dielectric substrate is separated from the second dielectric substrate and fixed through a plurality of insulating studs.
Further, the adjustable phase-shifting power divider includes four microstrip lines and four radio frequency switches, and is configured to generate two output signals with equal amplitude and adjustable phase difference, and feed the output signals into the main radiating patch, where:
the four sections of microstrip lines are respectively a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line, and the four radio frequency switches are respectively a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch, a third radio frequency switch and a fourth radio frequency switch.
Furthermore, the characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line is 100 ohms, the head end and the tail end of the first microstrip line are bent and are respectively connected with the main radiation piece for feeding, and the included angle between two straight lines where the bends at the head end and the tail end of the first microstrip line are located is 90 degrees; the characteristic impedances of the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line are all 50 ohms,
an opening is etched in the joint of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line, the joint of the first microstrip line and the third microstrip line, the joint of the second microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line, and the joint of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line, wherein:
a first radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line;
a second radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line and the third microstrip line;
a third radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the second microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line;
and a fourth radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line.
Furthermore, the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are L-shaped microstrip lines, the sizes and the shapes of the L-shaped microstrip lines are consistent and are in mirror symmetry with the center of the circular ring of the main radiating patch, and the fourth microstrip line is a rectangular microstrip line.
Furthermore, the first radio frequency switch and the third radio frequency switch form a group, the second radio frequency switch and the fourth radio frequency switch form a group, and the phase difference of two paths of output signals of the adjustable phase-shifting power divider can be controlled to be 90 degrees or-90 degrees by controlling the on-off of each group of radio frequency switches.
Further, the distance between the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch is 16.6 mm.
Furthermore, the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch, the third radio frequency switch and the fourth radio frequency switch are all PIN diode switches.
Further, the distance between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 5 mm.
The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with the adjustable phase-shifting power divider provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention realizes the left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization characteristics under the same antenna caliber, and has a circular polarization reconfigurable function;
(2) the feed phase difference required by the formation of different circular polarizations is generated by the adjustable phase-shifting power divider, and when different circular polarization states are generated, only the on-off state of a radio frequency switch in the adjustable phase-shifting power divider needs to be changed, so that the switching speed is high, the insertion loss is small, and the control is simple;
(3) the adjustable phase-shifting power divider and the radiating sheets (namely the main radiating sheet and the parasitic radiating sheet) have simple structures, and the whole antenna can be realized based on the printed circuit board technology, is easy to process and manufacture and has low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a simulation result of a reflection coefficient curve of a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial ratio curve simulation result of a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider disclosed by the present invention;
fig. 5a is an xoz-plane simulated radiation pattern of a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider in a left-hand circular polarization state when the antenna operates at 2.45 GHz;
FIG. 5b is a simulated radiation pattern of the yoz plane in a left-handed circular polarization state when the circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna integrated with the adjustable phase-shifting power divider disclosed by the invention works at 2.45 GHz;
fig. 6a is a simulated radiation pattern of xoz planes when a circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of an integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider works at 2.45GHz and is in a right-handed circular polarization state, according to the present invention;
fig. 6b is a simulated radiation pattern of the yoz plane when the circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of the integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider works at 2.45GHz and is in a right-handed circular polarization state.
Wherein:
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, an adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3, a grounding metal plate 4, a main radiation patch 5, and a parasitic radiation patch 6, where:
the phase-shifting power divider is characterized in that a first medium substrate 1 is made of a cuboid medium material with a relative dielectric constant of 3.5, a thickness of 1mm and a length and a width of 70mm, an adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 and an annular main radiation piece 5 (the inner diameter is 8.9mm and the outer diameter is 14.2 mm.) are printed on the upper surface of the first medium substrate 1, and a grounding metal plate 4 completely superposed with the first medium substrate 1 is printed on the lower surface of the first medium substrate 1;
the second dielectric substrate 2 is made of a cylindrical dielectric material with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the thickness of 0.8mm, the radius of the second dielectric substrate is 26.9mm, and a parasitic radiation sheet 6 which is completely coincided with the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate;
the adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 is connected with the main radiation piece 5;
the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are separated from each other and fixed by a plurality of studs.
Further, the adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 includes four microstrip lines and four radio frequency switches, and is configured to generate two output signals with equal amplitude and adjustable phase difference, and feed the output signals into the main radiation patch 5, where:
the four microstrip lines are respectively a first microstrip line 11, a second microstrip line 12, a third microstrip line 13 and a fourth microstrip line 14, and the four radio frequency switches are respectively a first radio frequency switch 21, a second radio frequency switch 22, a third radio frequency switch 23 and a fourth radio frequency switch 24.
Furthermore, the characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line 11 is 100 ohms, and the two ends at the head and the tail are bent and respectively connected with the main radiating patch 5 for feeding, and the included angle between two straight lines where the bends at the head and the tail of the first microstrip line 11 are located is 90 degrees; the characteristic impedances of the second microstrip line 12, the third microstrip line 13 and the fourth microstrip line 14 are all 50 ohms,
an opening is etched at the joint of the first microstrip line 11 and the second microstrip line 12, the joint of the first microstrip line 11 and the third microstrip line 13, the joint of the second microstrip line 12 and the fourth microstrip line 14, and the joint of the third microstrip line 13 and the fourth microstrip line 14, wherein:
a first radio frequency switch 21 is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line 11 and the second microstrip line 12;
a second radio frequency switch 22 is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line 11 and the third microstrip line 13;
a third radio frequency switch 23 is arranged at an opening at the joint of the second microstrip line 12 and the fourth microstrip line 14;
a fourth radio frequency switch 24 is arranged at an opening at the joint of the third microstrip line 13 and the fourth microstrip line 14.
Further, the second microstrip line 12 and the third microstrip line 13 are L-shaped microstrip lines, have the same size and shape, and are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the center of the circular ring of the main radiating patch 5, and the fourth microstrip line 14 is a rectangular microstrip line.
Furthermore, the first rf switch 21 and the third rf switch 23 form a group, and the second rf switch 22 and the fourth rf switch 24 form a group, and the phase difference between the two output signals of the adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 can be controlled to be 90 ° or-90 ° by controlling the on/off of each group of rf switches.
When the first radio frequency switch 21 and the third radio frequency switch 23 are switched off, and the second radio frequency switch 22 and the fourth radio frequency switch 24 are switched on, the left path and the right path of output signals of the adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 have equal amplitude, and the phase difference generated by subtracting the right path feed phase from the left path feed phase is-90 degrees, so that the antenna realizes the left-handed circular polarization characteristic; when the first rf switch 21 and the third rf switch 23 are turned on and the second rf switch 22 and the fourth rf switch 24 are turned off, the left and right output signals of the adjustable phase-shifting power divider 3 have the same amplitude, and the phase difference generated by subtracting the right feed phase from the left feed phase is 90 °, so that the right-hand circular polarization characteristic of the antenna is realized. The left-hand circular polarization characteristic and the right-hand circular polarization characteristic can be switched by changing the on-off state of the radio frequency switch.
Further, the distance between the first RF switch 21 and the second RF switch 22 is 16.6mm, which is approximately equal to λg/4(λgAn operating wavelength corresponding to 2.45 GHz).
Furthermore, the first rf switch 21, the second rf switch 22, the third rf switch 23, and the fourth rf switch 24 are all PIN diode switches.
Further, the distance between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 is 5mm (i.e. the second dielectric substrate 2 is located on the same horizontal plane with the height of 5mm above the first dielectric substrate 1).
The technical effects of the invention are further explained by combining simulation experiments as follows:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when operating in left-hand and right-hand circular polarization states, the reflection coefficient of the antenna in the embodiment is less than-10 dB in the frequency range of 2.29GHz to 2.61GHz, and the axial ratio is less than 3dB in the frequency range of 2.35GHz to 2.58 GHz.
As shown in fig. 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b, the maximum gain of the antenna in the 2.45GHz radiation pattern of the embodiment can reach 7.92dBi when operating in the left-hand circular polarization state; when the antenna works in the right-handed circular polarization state, the maximum gain of the antenna in the radiation pattern of 2.45GHz can reach 7.88dBi in the embodiment. In both states, the antenna also has a lower cross polarization and a higher front-to-back ratio.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a circular polarization reconfigurable antenna of integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider which characterized in that includes first dielectric substrate, second dielectric substrate, adjustable phase-shifting power divider, ground connection metal sheet, main radiation piece and parasitic radiation piece, wherein:
the upper surface of the first medium substrate is printed with an adjustable phase-shifting power divider and an annular main radiating sheet, and the lower surface of the first medium substrate is printed with a grounding metal plate completely superposed with the first medium substrate;
the second medium substrate is a cylinder, and a parasitic radiation piece which is completely coincided with the upper surface of the second medium substrate is printed on the upper surface of the second medium substrate;
the adjustable phase-shifting power divider is connected with the main radiation piece;
the first dielectric substrate is separated from the second dielectric substrate and fixed by a plurality of insulating studs, wherein:
the adjustable phase-shifting power divider comprises four microstrip lines and four radio frequency switches, and is used for generating two paths of output signals with equal amplitude and adjustable phase difference and feeding the output signals into the main radiating patch, wherein:
the four sections of microstrip lines are respectively a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line, and the four radio frequency switches are respectively a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch, a third radio frequency switch and a fourth radio frequency switch;
the characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line is 100 ohms, the head end and the tail end of the first microstrip line are bent and are respectively connected with the main radiating piece for feeding, and the included angle of two straight lines where the bends at the head end and the tail end of the first microstrip line are located is 90 degrees; the characteristic impedances of the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line are all 50 ohms;
an opening is etched in the joint of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line, the joint of the first microstrip line and the third microstrip line, the joint of the second microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line, and the joint of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line, wherein:
a first radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line;
a second radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the first microstrip line and the third microstrip line;
a third radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the second microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line;
and a fourth radio frequency switch is arranged at an opening at the joint of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line.
2. The circular polarization reconfigurable antenna of the integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider of claim 1, wherein the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are L-shaped microstrip lines, have the same size and shape and are mirror symmetry with respect to the center of the circular ring of the main radiating patch, and the fourth microstrip line is a rectangular microstrip line.
3. The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of the integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider of claim 1, wherein the first rf switch and the third rf switch form a group, the second rf switch and the fourth rf switch form a group, and the phase difference between the two output signals of the adjustable phase-shifting power divider can be controlled to be 90 ° or-90 ° by controlling the on/off of each group of rf switches.
4. The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of an integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider of claim 3, wherein the distance between the first RF switch and the second RF switch is 16.6 mm.
5. The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of the integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider of claim 1, wherein the first rf switch, the second rf switch, the third rf switch, and the fourth rf switch are PIN diode switches.
6. The circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna of the integrated adjustable phase-shifting power divider of claim 1, wherein the distance between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 5 mm.
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| CN201910909863.3A CN110783701B (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Circular polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with adjustable phase-shifting power divider |
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| EP0936693B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2002-11-27 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Antenna support structure |
| US6320478B1 (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2001-11-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Power divider for harmonically rich waveforms |
| CN201435450Y (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-03-31 | 华南理工大学 | Polarized reconfigurable radio frequency identification circularly polarized reader antenna |
| CN103165988A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband circularly-polarized radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna |
| CN103474734B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-08-10 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Electric bridge |
| CN103928767B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-03-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of double-frequency double-circularly-poantenna antenna adopting substrate integrated coaxial line feed |
| US9766341B2 (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-09-19 | Novatel Inc. | GNSS positioning system employing a reconfigurable antenna subsystem |
| CN104836025B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-12-19 | 东南大学 | A kind of small-sized polarization reconfigurable antenna |
| CN104868233B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-02-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of microband travelling wave antenna array of left-right-hand circular polarization restructural |
| CN106356620B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-11-06 | 东南大学 | A kind of broadband polarization reconfigurable antenna |
| CN107275737A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-20 | 成都富优特科技有限公司 | A kind of microstrip line power splitter |
| CN107425293B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-10-27 | 西安交通大学 | Left-right-handed circular polarization reconfigurable slot antenna |
| CN107887702B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-frequency left-right-handed circular polarization reconfigurable antenna |
| CN109004346A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of restructural dielectric resonator antenna of polarization of the conformal patch of band |
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